A phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio

Abstract

The application discloses a window-wall area ratio adjustable phase change building facade system which comprises a window frame, high-transmittance glass, a Low-e film layer and a phase change wall body; the window frame is provided with clamping grooves facing the indoor side and the outdoor side, and the high-transmittance glass is packaged in the clamping grooves; the window frame is provided with a guide rail for supporting the phase change wall body and serving as a sliding guide for the phase change wall body, the guide rail is arranged between the two clamping grooves, the inner surface of the high-transmittance glass on the indoor side is coated with the Low-e film layer, the surface of the phase change wall body facing the indoor side is coated with a solar full-spectrum heat collecting layer, and the phase change wall body is provided with air permeation gaps between the high-transmittance glass on the indoor side and the high-transmittance glass on the outdoor side. The window wall body is integrated as a whole, the window-wall area ratio is adjustable through a push-pull type structure design, and the solar heat is controlled according to the requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to building energy-saving technology for efficient utilization of solar energy, specifically to a phase change building facade system with an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio. Background Technology

[0002] As a transparent structure in a building, windows not only meet the building's lighting needs but also have a significant impact on its heating and cooling loads. The overall heat transfer coefficient of windows is generally higher than 1.0 W / m². 2 The overall heat transfer coefficient of building walls can be less than 0.5 W / m². 2 On the other hand, the solar spectral energy introduced indoors through windows is mainly concentrated in the 300-3000nm wavelength range, exceeding 500W / m. 2 .

[0003] Dynamic adjustment technologies for windows include a series of intelligent window technologies with adjustable optical properties, mainly including thermochromic, electrochromic, and photochromic dynamic color-changing glass. However, dynamic color-changing glass has disadvantages such as low visible light transmittance, poor solar radiation capacity, high haze, complex structure, and high production cost, making it difficult to apply on a large scale. Phase change material technology is also widely used in energy-saving window products. However, windows based on phase change materials cannot meet the independent control requirements of the window's optical shading properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome existing technologies, this invention provides a phase-change building facade system with an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio. This invention combines phase-change walls and double-glazed windows, utilizing a sliding structure design to allow real-time adjustment of the phase-change wall's position, thereby achieving intelligent adjustment of the window-to-wall area ratio and reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling during building operation.

[0005] A phase change building facade system with an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio includes a window frame, high-transmittance glass, a Low-e film layer, and a phase change wall.

[0006] The window frame has slots facing inwards and outwards, and the high-transmittance glass is encapsulated in the slots;

[0007] The window frame is equipped with guide rails for supporting the phase change wall and for sliding the phase change wall. The guide rails are arranged between two types of slots. The inner surface of the high-transmittance glass on the indoor side is coated with a Low-e film layer. The surface of the phase change wall facing the indoor side is coated with a solar full-spectrum heat collection layer. There are air gaps between the phase change wall and the high-transmittance glass on the indoor side and the high-transmittance glass on the outdoor side, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, two phase change walls that can be pushed and pulled in opposite directions are arranged on the guide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the phase change wall comprises a phase change material and a transparent shell, wherein the transparent shell is a frame-type shell and the phase change material is encapsulated inside the transparent shell.

[0010] Furthermore, Low-e film layer 6 is a single silver Low-e film, which is achieved by vacuum magnetron sputtering deposition.

[0011] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0012] This invention integrates the window and wall into a single unit, and achieves an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio through a sliding structure design;

[0013] The minimum window-to-wall area ratio of the building facade of this invention is 0, which can isolate the direct heat transfer of solar radiation between indoors and outdoors. Through the combined design of phase change material and Low-e film layer, the solar heat gain can be controlled on demand.

[0014] The present invention relates to a building facade with a maximum window-to-wall area ratio that allows for efficient transmission of full-spectrum sunlight.

[0015] This invention enables the building envelope to adapt to different seasons and climates, which will help improve the building's natural lighting efficiency and reduce the building's heating and cooling energy consumption.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall view of the window-wall integrated dynamic phase change building facade system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A state diagram showing the phase change wall completely extended out of the glass interlayer;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of the phase change wall fully inserted into the glass interlayer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The description states that a phase change building facade system with an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio includes a window frame 1, high-transmittance glass 5, a Low-e film layer 6, and a phase change wall.

[0023] The window frame 1 is provided with slots 2 facing the interior and the exterior, and the high-transmittance glass 5 is encapsulated in the slots 2;

[0024] The window frame 1 is equipped with a guide rail 9 for supporting the phase change wall and for sliding the phase change wall. The guide rail 9 is arranged between two types of slots 2. The inner surface of the high-transmittance glass 5 on the indoor side is coated with a Low-e film layer 6. The indoor-facing surface of the phase change wall is coated with a solar full-spectrum heat collection layer 8. There are air gaps 3 between the phase change wall and the high-transmittance glass 5 on the indoor side and the high-transmittance glass 5 on the outdoor side, respectively.

[0025] This embodiment allows for flexible adjustment of the window-to-wall area ratio based on the needs of building residents. Through a sliding phase-change wall design, the window-to-wall area ratio can be flexibly adjusted from 0 to x. When the phase-change wall is fully pushed into the window frame, the window-to-wall area ratio is 0, and the phase-change wall collects and stores excess solar radiation heat for use at different times of the day. When the phase-change wall is fully pushed out of the frame, the window-to-wall area ratio of the building facade increases, which is beneficial for building lighting and solar radiation heat gain. This invention achieves on-demand utilization of solar energy by adjusting the building's window-to-wall area ratio as needed.

[0026] Frame: An alloy frame, for example, an aluminum alloy frame, with glass slots 2 and guide rails 9 inside. The guide rails 9 are fitted with sliding pulleys, allowing the phase change wall to roll on the pulleys for reciprocating pushing and pulling. The slots 2 are used to hold the glass, and the guide rails 9 are used to place the phase change wall.

[0027] Optionally, two opposing, sliding phase-change walls are arranged on the guide rail 9. The window-to-wall area ratio of the building facade can be dynamically adjusted by sliding the phase-change walls.

[0028] The phase change wall comprises a phase change material 7 and a transparent outer shell. The transparent outer shell is a frame-type shell, and the phase change material 7 is encapsulated inside the transparent outer shell. For example, the transparent outer shell is a PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) sheet. The phase change material 7 is solid paraffin wax.

[0029] High-transmittance glass 5: The high-transmittance glass consists of two layers and is made of ordinary clear glass. It has high transmittance characteristics for full-spectrum solar energy, and the gap between the two layers of glass is greater than 25cm.

[0030] The push-pull movable guide rail 9 is located between the two slots 2 and is used for the reciprocating push-pull of the phase change wall. The thickness of the phase change wall is usually 24cm.

[0031] Low-e film layer 6: For example, the low-e film layer is a single silver low-e, which is achieved by vacuum magnetron sputtering.

[0032] Solar Full-Spectrum Collector Layer 8: The spectral absorption material of the solar full-spectrum collector layer is plasmonic nanoparticles, mainly prepared by mixing cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 and then incorporating them into an aqueous resin. The aqueous resin accounts for more than 99% of the total mass of the three components: cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles, and aqueous resin.

[0033] The full-spectrum solar collector layer 8 is black and has a thickness of no more than 500μm. It has a significant absorption effect on both the visible and near-infrared bands of the solar spectrum.

[0034] Phase change material 7: The phase change material is paraffin wax, which is closely attached to the solar full-spectrum heat collection layer.

[0035] Based on any of the above implementation schemes:

[0036] Integrating existing energy-saving window / wall insulation and lighting functions, this system effectively reduces building heating and cooling loads, which is of great significance for environmental protection and energy conservation. The integrated window-wall dynamic phase-change building facade system adapts to my country's ecological civilization construction. Through multi-effect regulation of building insulation, shading, and heat gain, it achieves the orderly utilization of the solar spectrum, offering good economic benefits and broad application prospects.

[0037] The present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed structure and technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or alterations shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase-change building facade system with an adjustable window-to-wall area ratio, characterized in that: The device includes a window frame (1), high-transmittance glass (5), a Low-e film layer (6), and a phase change wall. The window frame (1) has slots (2) facing the interior and facing the exterior, and the high-transmittance glass (5) is encapsulated in the slots (2). The window frame (1) has a guide rail (9) for supporting the phase change wall and for sliding the phase change wall. Two phase change walls that can be pushed and pulled in opposite directions are arranged on the guide rail (9). The guide rail (9) is arranged between the two slots (2). The inner surface of the high-transmittance glass (5) on the interior side is coated with a Low-e film layer (6). The surface of the phase change wall facing the interior is coated with a solar full-spectrum heat collection layer (8). The solar full-spectrum heat collection layer (8) is mainly prepared by mixing cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 and then mixing them into an aqueous resin. The phase change wall has a breathable gap (3) between it and the high-transmittance glass (5) on the interior side and the high-transmittance glass (5) on the exterior side.

2. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change wall includes a phase change material (7) and a transparent shell. The transparent shell is a frame-type shell, and the phase change material (7) is encapsulated inside the transparent shell.

3. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: A solar full-spectrum heat collection layer (8) is coated between the phase change material and the inner surface of the transparent shell facing the interior.

4. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the full-spectrum solar collector layer (8) is less than 500 micrometers.

5. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window frame (1) is an alloy frame.

6. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Low-e film (6) is a single silver Low-e film.

7. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change material (7) is solid paraffin.

8. The phase change building facade system with adjustable window-to-wall area ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transparent outer shell is made of PMMA sheet.

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