An oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of trace sample content detection technology, and relates to an oscillating duplex antenna Raman field enhancement chip. The chip includes a first conical needle tip antenna, a plurality of second conical needle tip antennas, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The plurality of second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a geometric structure, the first conical needle tip antenna is arranged between the geometric structure formed by the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas, and two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas are electrically connected. The chip structure has a duplex action field, and the duplex needle tip can be connected or separated to form its own first-order field. It can provide a multi-order electrical signal enhancement mode according to demand, and form a secondary antenna-like critical state under the action of an alternating current. The strong skin electric field formed provides a secondary skin effect enhancement electric field for trace molecules or single molecules, thereby enhancing the Raman signal and effectively amplifying the weak detail signal, so that the local induced effect amplifies the Raman signal intensity on the basis of the traditional field enhancement effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of trace sample content detection, in particular to an oscillating duplex antenna Raman field enhancement chip. Background Art

[0002] Traditional Raman detection methods test solution samples, using the same quantitative method (equal amount of incident laser, equal amount of solution) to test samples of different concentrations, and further determine the content of effective substances in the solution sample by signal light intensity. In the actual detection process, as the trace sample further decreases, the generated signal light intensity is weak, resulting in increased error. Traditional chips are mostly flat-line type, spray particle type or passive single needle tip type, which have certain enhancement effects, but have their own limitations for ultra-low trace samples. Their enhancement ratio is relatively small, and their structure and function are relatively simple. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an oscillating dual-antenna Raman field enhancement chip to solve the problems in the prior art of traditional chips such as relatively weak signal enhancement ratio, relatively simple structure and function, and limited application scenarios.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an oscillating duplex antenna Raman field enhancement chip, comprising a first conical needle tip antenna, multiple second conical needle tip antennas, a first electrode and a second electrode, the multiple second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a geometric structure, the first conical needle tip antenna is arranged between the geometric structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas, two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas are electrically connected, the first electrode is electrically connected to the first conical needle tip antenna, and the second electrode is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

[0005] In another preferred embodiment, multiple second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a circular structure, and the circular structure formed by multiple second conical needle tip antennas has one first conical needle tip antenna arranged in the middle, and the first conical needle tip antenna is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

[0006] In another preferred embodiment, the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a polygonal structure, the polygonal structure formed by the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas has the first conical needle tip antenna arranged in the middle, and the first conical needle tip antenna is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

[0007] In another preferred embodiment, the exterior of the first conical needle tip antenna and the second conical needle tip antenna is provided with a precious metal coating, and the precious metal is gold or silver.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes an oscillating duplex antenna Raman field enhancement chip, which includes a first conical needle tip antenna and multiple second conical needle tip antennas, and the multiple second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a geometric structure. The duplex needle tip can be separated and powered, and has four combination modes. Under normal use, no AC current is passed. At the same time, AC current can be passed on the first electrode, on the second electrode, or on the first electrode and the second electrode at the same time according to needs. At the same time, multi-order electrical signal enhancement modes can be provided according to needs. When auxiliary enhancement is required, power is passed to the first electrode or the second electrode, and the tip electron skin oscillation effect is used to form a secondary field enhancement, thereby increasing the amplification of weak detail signals, so that the Raman signal intensity in the action area is further improved on the basis of the traditional light field enhancement effect, thereby enabling ordinary samples to move towards single-molecule measurement, and at the same time enabling the enhanced signal to move towards local surface enhancement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of the oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 The overall structure of the oscillating dual-antenna Raman field enhancement chip is shown from another perspective;

[0012] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oscillating dual-antenna Raman field enhancement chip in another preferred embodiment is shown;

[0013] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oscillating dual-antenna Raman field enhancement chip in another embodiment is shown.

[0014] Description of main component symbols:

[0015] 100 - first conical needle tip antenna; 200 - second conical needle tip antenna; 300 - first electrode; 400 - second electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0018] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0019] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides an oscillating duplex antenna Raman field enhancement chip (hereinafter referred to as the chip), which includes a first conical needle tip antenna 100, multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200, a first electrode 300 and a fourth electrode 400. The multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200 are arranged in a geometric structure. The first conical needle tip antenna 100 is arranged between the geometric structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200. The first electrode 300 is electrically connected to the first conical needle tip antenna 100, and the second electrode 400 is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna 200.

[0022] Specifically, two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas 200 are electrically connected to each other, and both sides of the first conical needle tip antenna 100 are electrically connected to the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas 200 respectively.

[0023] Under normal use, the chip does not pass AC current. When field enhancement is required, the first electrode 300 can be connected to the AC current, the second electrode 400 can be connected to the AC current, or the first electrode 300 and the second electrode 400 can be connected to the AC current at the same time. The chip's compound needle tip can be separated and powered to form four modes of field strength. It can provide multi-order tip electric field enhancement modes as needed, and form a secondary antenna-like critical state under the action of the AC electric field. By forming a strong skin electric field at the tip, a secondary enhanced perturbation electric field is provided for trace molecules or single molecules, further inducing enhancement to generate Raman signals. It can switch between active and passive working modes to increase the amplification of weak detail signals, so that the Raman signal intensity in the action area is further improved on the basis of the traditional field enhancement effect. The underlying reason is that the amount of effective sample in the unit volume element is effectively increased, thereby increasing the intensity of the induced Raman signal, providing multi-layer gradient calculation between active and passive mode switching, and then generating a two-stage signal difference under a single sample concentration, which can also provide a reference for the quantification of the gain coefficient of the needle tip field enhancement chip.

[0024] It should be explained that in this solution, the peripheral needle-tip arrangement can change the angle, which can be horizontal, vertical or tilted at a certain angle to adapt to different application scenarios. It will not be the same as the single working form of the single needle-tip enhancement chip that uses the pierced needle tip to propagate against the light path.

[0025] It should be explained that this solution is mainly aimed at field enhancement chips for ultra-trace and single-molecule non-labeling scenarios. It uses the principle of antenna electronic oscillation and the principle of tip discharge, and is combined with the surface-enhanced Raman molecular induction mechanism. It can switch and select modes according to different application scenarios. It can be used directly in conventional mode. When auxiliary enhancement is required, the first electrode 300 or the second electrode 400 can be connected to the alternating current, or the first electrode 300 and the second electrode 400 can be connected to the alternating current at the same time. The skin oscillation effect of the tip electron is used to form a secondary field enhancement, which effectively induces and amplifies the weak signal of the details, thereby improving the Raman signal intensity in the action area compared to the traditional light field enhancement effect, greatly improving the effective contact area of ​​the sample, and thereby increasing the number of effectively excited molecules per unit volume element to form a sufficiently strong Raman signal.

[0026] It needs to be explained that the skin effect refers to a phenomenon in which when there is alternating current or an alternating electromagnetic field in a conductor, the current distribution inside the conductor is uneven and the current is concentrated in the skin part of the conductor. The current inside the wire actually becomes smaller and the current is concentrated in the thin layer outside the wire. As a result, the resistance of the wire increases, and its power loss also increases.

[0027] The skin effect is the effect of alternating current in a conductor increasing its current density as it approaches the conductor's surface. A constant current is evenly distributed across the cross-section of a straight conductor. For alternating current, a self-induced electromotive force (EMF) appears in the conductor, resisting the flow of current. The magnitude of this EMF is proportional to the magnetic flux cut by the conductor per unit time. (For example, for a conductor with a circular cross-section, the self-induced EMF generated by external magnetic lines of force increases closer to the center of the conductor; closer to the surface, the self-induced EMF is less affected by the internal magnetic lines of force and therefore smaller.) This results in a higher current density near the conductor's surface. Since the self-induced EMF increases with frequency, the skin effect also becomes more pronounced with increasing frequency. The skin effect reduces the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor through which current flows, thereby increasing its effective resistance.

[0028] The skin effect can also be explained by the process of electromagnetic waves penetrating into a conductor. As electromagnetic waves penetrate a conductor, they gradually attenuate due to energy loss. The depth at which the wave amplitude decays to 1 / e times the surface amplitude is called the penetration depth of the alternating electromagnetic field into the conductor. For example, the penetration of a plane electromagnetic wave into a semi-infinite conductor is calculated as 2 / ωγμ, where ω is the angular frequency, γ is the electrical conductivity of the conductor, and μ is the magnetic permeability. It can be seen that the penetration depth is inversely proportional to these three quantities. The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave in a conductor is 2z0. The significance of the skin effect can also be determined by comparing the conductor size with the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0029] In this solution, when an alternating current or an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to the first electrode 300 or the second electrode 400 , the current is concentrated at the tip of the outer surface of the conical needle-tip antenna, thereby achieving a strong secondary field enhancement effect.

[0030] In another embodiment, the first conical needle tip antenna 100 can be independently arranged between the geometric structure formed by multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200, and the first conical needle tip antenna 100 is not electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna 200, so that the first conical needle tip antenna 100 and the first electrode 300 are a whole, and the second conical needle tip antenna 200 and the second electrode 400 are a whole.

[0031] In the above scheme, the first conical needle tip antenna 100 and the second conical needle tip antenna 200 are both made of precious metal; or they are made of ceramic material, and a precious metal plating structure is provided on the outside of the first conical needle tip antenna 100 and the second conical needle tip antenna 200 made of ceramic material. The precious metal can be gold, silver, copper or other relatively inert metals or composite metal materials.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 On the basis of the above scheme, multiple second conical needle-tip antennas 200 are arranged in a geometric structure. The geometric structure can be circular, elliptical and polygonal. The polygon can be a triangle, a quadrilateral or a pentagon, etc. The cone symmetry axis can be adjusted in angle according to the actual scene requirements.

[0033] Preferably, multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200 are arranged in a circular structure, two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas 200 are electrically connected, and the first conical needle tip antenna 100 is arranged between the circular structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200. The second electrode 400 is led out from the bottom end of the circular structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200, and the first electrode 300 is led out from the bottom end of the first conical needle tip antenna 100. Of course, different combination modes can be selected according to actual application scenarios to perform online signal measurement.

[0034] Preferably, multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200 are arranged in a quadrilateral structure, two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas 200 are electrically connected, and the first conical needle tip antenna 100 is arranged between the quadrilateral structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200. The second electrode 400 is led out from the bottom end of the quadrilateral structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200, and the first electrode 300 is led out from the bottom end of the first conical needle tip antenna 100.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200 are arranged in a geometric structure, and multiple first conical needle tip antennas 100 are arranged between the geometric structures formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas 200, and two or more first conical needle tip antennas 100 can be arranged therebetween.

[0036] See also Figure 1 In another preferred embodiment, the chip only includes a plurality of second conical needle tip antennas 200, the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas 200 are arranged in a ring structure, and two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas 200 are electrically connected, and the cone tips of the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas 200 are all arranged toward the center of the ring structure.

[0037] Preferably, a power connection electrode may be drawn out from the ring structure formed by the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas 200 .

[0038] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip, characterized in that: It includes a first conical needle tip antenna, multiple second conical needle tip antennas, a first electrode and a second electrode. The multiple second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a geometric structure. The first conical needle tip antenna is arranged between the geometric structure formed by the multiple second conical needle tip antennas. Two adjacent second conical needle tip antennas are electrically connected. The first electrode is electrically connected to the first conical needle tip antenna, and the second electrode is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

2. The oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a circular structure, wherein the first conical needle tip antenna is arranged in the middle of the circular structure formed by the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas, and the first conical needle tip antenna is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

3. The oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of second conical needle tip antennas are arranged in a polygonal structure, the first conical needle tip antenna is arranged in the middle of the polygonal structure formed by the plurality of second conical needle tip antennas, and the first conical needle tip antenna is electrically connected to the second conical needle tip antenna.

4. The oscillating dual antenna Raman field enhancement chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exteriors of the first conical needle tip antenna and the second conical needle tip antenna are provided with a precious metal plating layer, and the precious metal is gold, silver or copper.

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