A method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in protected cultivation

Abstract

The application discloses a method for improving soil for cultivating facility vegetables, which comprises the following steps: (1) removing (SO4) 2‑ and Cl ‑ from the soil to be improved; (2) sterilizing the soil by mixing biochar, perlite and the facility soil according to a proportion, sterilizing the mixture by using a high-temperature fire gun, and naturally cooling the sterilized mixture to obtain sterilized soil; and (3) improving the soil by mixing red soil, baking soda, polyacrylamide, humus, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure and bio-bacterium according to a proportion to obtain a soil improvement substrate, uniformly spreading the soil improvement substrate on the sterilized soil, uniformly turning the soil, and using sprinkling irrigation to soak the soil, and ventilating and standing the soil for 21-30 days. The method can obtain improved soil for cultivating facility vegetables, the content of (SO4) 2‑ and Cl ‑ in the soil is reduced, the PH value of the soil is between 6.8 and 7.1, the soil is suitable for the growth of vegetables, and the method has the advantages of increasing the content of organic matter, the water content and the content of available fertilizer in the soil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for improving the soil for facility vegetable cultivation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The advantages of facility cultivation of vegetables, i.e. the defects existing at present compared with open field cultivation, facility cultivation of vegetables can increase the yield and quality of vegetables by reducing the influence of climate change on vegetables and providing suitable environmental conditions for the growth of vegetables. However, facility cultivation of vegetables also has the following problems:

[0003] (1) The soil in the facility is lack of rainwater flushing, so that the salt ions in the soil cannot dissolve in the deep part. The salt ions in the deep part of the soil rise to the surface of the soil through water vapor evaporation, resulting in a large amount of salt ions gathering in the surface layer of the soil, which affects the absorption of water and nutrients by the vegetables, and hinders the transformation of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the soil;

[0004] (2) Excessive application of potassium fertilizer containing KCl and K2SO4 causes an increase in the residual amount of sulfate ions in the soil, which hinders the growth of vegetables;

[0005] (3) There is no fallow period, and the same kind of vegetables are planted for a long time, resulting in problems such as soil compaction, reduction of organic matter, and imbalance of fertilizer, which affect the respiration and growth of the root system of the vegetables, and the accumulation of organic matter, resulting in reduction of production.

[0006] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only intended to increase an understanding of the general context of the present application and is not to be taken in any way as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that this information forms prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for improving the soil for facility vegetable cultivation, so that the facility soil can overcome problems such as soil compaction, reduction of organic matter, and imbalance of fertilizer, and improve the yield and quality of vegetables.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for improving the soil for facility vegetable cultivation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) removing (SO4) 2- and Cl - : adding boric acid, CaCO3, polyacrylamide solution and citric acid to the soil to be improved, and mixing the soil to be improved, the boric acid, the CaCO3, the polyacrylamide solution and the citric acid uniformly;

[0010] (2) Sterilization: The facility soil is loosened, and the biochar, perlite and the facility soil are mixed according to the proportion, and then high-temperature sterilization is performed by using a high-temperature fire gun, and then natural cooling is performed to obtain sterilized soil;

[0011] (3) Soil improvement: red soil, baking soda, polyacrylamide, humus, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure and biological agent are mixed according to the proportion to obtain a soil improvement matrix, the soil improvement matrix is uniformly spread on the sterilized soil, and then uniformly stirred and used for sprinkling irrigation to penetrate water, and ventilation and standing are performed for 21-30 days, wherein the biological agent component includes azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis, nitrifying bacteria and phosphate bacteria.

[0012] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step (1), 300-420 g of the soil to be improved, 21-31 g of boric acid, 76-94 g of CaCO3, 61-84 ml of polyacrylamide solution and 17-21 g of citric acid are mixed to remove excess (SO4) 2- and Cl - .

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the concentration of the boric acid is 0.1-0.25%, the concentration of the polyacrylamide solution is 0.2-0.35%, and the concentration of the citric acid is 0.05-0.1%.

[0014] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step (2), the biochar includes one or more of corn straw charcoal, corn cob charcoal and peanut shell charcoal.

[0015] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step (2), the biochar, perlite and facility soil are mixed in a ratio of 1-2.5:1.5-2.5:15-21.

[0016] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step (2), the high-temperature sterilization temperature of the high-temperature fire gun is 75-120°C.

[0017] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step (3), the red soil, baking soda, polyacrylamide, humus, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure and biological agent are mixed in a ratio of 2-5:0.7-1.8:2-4:3-5:2-3:4-7:0.5-1.5.

[0018] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the humus is obtained by collecting the nutrient organs such as withered leaves, old leaves and rhizomes in the process of facility vegetable production, crushing the nutrient organs by using a crushing machine, and then putting the crushed nutrient organs, B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into a composting tank for stirring and fermentation until the nutrient organs are decomposed.

[0019] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the fermentation conditions are that the temperature is 39-42°C and the PH is 5.5-7.5.

[0020] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the biological agent is composed of 6-15g of Azotobacter chrysozoata, 4.5-7.5g of Bacillus subtilis, 2.4-4.5g of nitrifying bacteria, 4.8-12.9g of phosphate bacteria, 15-18g of gelatin, and 21-27g of sucrose.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The use of biological agents has the following advantages: First, the addition of Azotobacter chrysoprase has nitrogenase, which can convert N2 in the air and soil into NH3. Nitrifying bacteria can then convert NH3 into (NO3) that is suitable for vegetable plants to absorb. - This reduces ammonium nitrogen in the soil that is sensitive to vegetable roots, while also reducing (NO3) - The addition of sucrose and gelatin provides a nitrogen source for the growth and reproduction of Bacillus subtilis and phosphate bacteria, promoting microbial reproduction and increasing the population of microorganisms in the greenhouse soil. Secondly, Bacillus subtilis converts insoluble aluminosilicates and apatite minerals in the soil into soluble nutrients for vegetable growth and development, while also inhibiting weed growth. Thirdly, phosphate bacteria convert insoluble phosphates in the soil into available or soluble phosphorus, increasing the available nutrients in the soil, and also promoting the activity of Azotobacter chroococcus and nitrifying bacteria. Finally, the addition of sucrose and gelatin provides a carbon source for the reproduction and development of Azotobacter chroococcus, nitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and phosphate bacteria, promoting microbial growth and development and increasing the richness of microorganisms in the greenhouse soil. Gelatin, when it comes into contact with water, becomes sticky, binding surrounding substances to form small granules, thereby increasing soil porosity, alleviating soil compaction, and increasing soil oxygen content, thus promoting root respiration.

[0023] (2) Boric acid is a weak acid and can produce H+. + CaCO3 undergoes a reaction that promotes the reaction of Ca... 2+ The product is formed as CaCO3 + H+ + ===Ca 2+ +H₂O + CO₂↑, Ca 2+ SO4 in the soil 2+ The reaction, namely Ca 2+ +(SO4) 2+ === CaSO4↓, thus removing excess (SO4) from the soil. 2+ The purpose is to enhance the photosynthesis of vegetables, promote the formation and accumulation of carbohydrates in vegetables, and increase vegetable yield by using boric acid as a boron fertilizer.

[0024] (3) Utilizing the flocculation effect of polyacrylamide to adsorb excess Cl in the soil. - and (SO4)2+ , by the chelation of citric acid, the medium chelation strength of citric acid chelated metal is generated, which can be absorbed by plants to release metal ions, citric acid and organic active substances in the plant body, and citric acid has the bridging adsorption effect of promoting the production of polyacrylamide adsorption and bridging. Under weak acid conditions, the polyacrylamide molecules are in a semi-network structure, improving the adsorption of polyacrylamide to Cl - and (SO4) 2+ . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A method for improving the soil of facility vegetable cultivation, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl - : add 300g of soil to be improved, 21g of 0.1% boric acid, 94g of CaCO3, 61ml of 0.35% polyacrylamide solution and 17g of 0.05% citric acid to the soil to be improved;

[0029] (2) Disinfection: mix 20kg of corn stalk charcoal, 20kg of peanut shell charcoal, 20kg of corn cob charcoal, 30kg of perlite and 300kg of facility soil uniformly, then sterilize at high temperature of 75℃ with high temperature flame gun and cool naturally to obtain sterilized soil;

[0030] (3) Soil improvement: collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves and rhizomes in the process of facility vegetable production, crush the nutrient organs with a crusher, put the crushed nutrient organs, B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into a composting tank, stir uniformly, ferment at a temperature of 39℃ and a pH of 5.5 under the environmental conditions to obtain humus. Mix 6g of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 4.5g of Bacillus subtilis, 2.4g of nitrifying bacteria, 4.8g of phosphate bacteria, 15g of gelatin and 21g of sucrose uniformly to obtain a biological inoculant, then mix 40kg of red soil, 14kg of baking soda, 40kg of polyacrylamide, 60kg of humus, 40kg of organic fertilizer, 80kg of earthworm manure and 10kg of biological inoculant uniformly to obtain a soil improvement substrate, sprinkle the soil improvement substrate uniformly on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, then use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 21 days.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl -: To the soil to be improved, 360 g of the soil to be improved, 26 g of 0.2% boric acid, 90 g of CaCO3, 68 ml of 0.3% polyacrylamide solution, and 17 g of 0.1% citric acid were added;

[0033] (2) Disinfection: 80 kg of corn cob charcoal, 40 kg of perlite, and 360 kg of facility soil were uniformly mixed, and then sterilized at 95°C by using a high-temperature fire gun, and then naturally cooled to obtain sterilized soil;

[0034] (3) Soil improvement: the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, and rhizomes in the process of facility vegetable production were collected, and then crushed by using a crusher, and then put into a composting tank together with B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate, and then uniformly stirred, and then fermented under the condition of a temperature of 42°C and a pH of 6.5 to obtain humus. 9 g of A. chroococcum, 6 g of B. subtilis, 3 g of nitrifying bacteria, 7.2 g of phosphate bacteria, 16.5 g of gelatin, and 24 g of sucrose were uniformly mixed to obtain a biological bacterial agent, and then 60 kg of red soil, 20 kg of baking soda, 60 kg of polyacrylamide, 80 kg of humus, 60 kg of organic fertilizer, 100 kg of earthworm manure, and 20 kg of the biological bacterial agent were uniformly mixed to obtain a soil improvement matrix, and then the soil improvement matrix was uniformly spread on the sterilized soil, and then uniformly stirred, and then watered by using a sprinkling irrigation system, and then ventilated and statically placed for 25 days.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl - : To the soil to be improved, 420 g of the soil to be improved, 31 g of 0.25% boric acid, 86 g of CaCO3, 74 ml of 0.25% polyacrylamide solution, and 19 g of 0.05% citric acid were added;

[0037] (2) Disinfection: 50 kg of corn straw charcoal, 50 kg of corn cob charcoal, 50 kg of perlite, and 420 kg of facility soil were uniformly mixed, and then sterilized at 120°C by using a high-temperature fire gun, and then naturally cooled to obtain sterilized soil;

[0038] (3) Soil improvement: Collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, rhizomes and the like in the process of facility vegetable production, put the nutrient organs into a composting tank after being crushed by a crusher, put the S. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into the composting tank together, stir uniformly, and obtain humus after fermentation under the environmental conditions of a temperature of 41°C and a pH of 7. Obtain a biological inoculant by uniformly mixing 12 g of R. rubrum, 7.5 g of B. subtilis, 4.5 g of nitrifying bacteria, 9.6 g of phosphate bacteria, 18 g of gelatin, and 27 g of sucrose. Obtain a soil improvement substrate by uniformly mixing 80 kg of red soil, 30 kg of baking soda, 80 kg of polyacrylamide, 100 kg of humus, 50 kg of organic fertilizer, 120 kg of earthworm manure, and 30 kg of the biological inoculant. Sprinkle the soil improvement substrate uniformly on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 27 days.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl - : Add 420 kg of soil to be improved, 21 kg of 0.1% boric acid, 94 kg of CaCO3, 61 L of 0.35% polyacrylamide solution, and 17 kg of 0.05% citric acid to the soil to be improved;

[0041] (2) Disinfection: uniformly mix 60 kg of corn straw charcoal, 40 kg of perlite, and 420 kg of facility soil, sterilize at a high temperature of 75°C using a high-temperature flame gun, and naturally cool to obtain sterilized soil;

[0042] (3) Soil improvement: Collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, rhizomes and the like in the process of facility vegetable production, put the nutrient organs into a composting tank after being crushed by a crusher, put the S. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into the composting tank together, stir uniformly, and obtain humus after fermentation under the environmental conditions of a temperature of 39°C and a pH of 7.5. Obtain a biological inoculant by uniformly mixing 15 g of R. rubrum, 9 g of B. subtilis, 3 g of nitrifying bacteria, 12.9 g of phosphate bacteria, 15 g of gelatin, and 24 g of sucrose. Obtain a soil improvement substrate by uniformly mixing 100 kg of red soil, 36 kg of baking soda, 80 kg of polyacrylamide, 80 kg of humus, 50 kg of organic fertilizer, 140 kg of earthworm manure, and 10 kg of the biological inoculant. Sprinkle the soil improvement substrate uniformly on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 30 days.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl -: To the soil to be improved, 360 kg of the soil to be improved, 31 kg of 0.25% boric acid, 94 kg of CaCO3, 61 kg of 0.35% polyacrylamide solution and 19 kg of 0.1% citric acid are added;

[0045] (2) Disinfection: 40 kg of peanut shell charcoal, 60 kg of corn stalk charcoal, 30 kg of perlite and 360 kg of facility soil are uniformly mixed, and then sterilized at 120°C by using a high-temperature fire gun, and then naturally cooled to obtain sterilized soil;

[0046] (3) Soil improvement: the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves and rhizomes in the process of facility vegetable production are collected, and then crushed by using a crusher, and then put into a composting tank together with B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate, and then stirred uniformly, and then fermented under the environmental conditions of 41°C and PH 6.5 to obtain humus. 12 g of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 6 g of Bacillus subtilis, 2.4 g of nitrifying bacteria, 9.6 g of phosphate bacteria, 16.5 g of gelatin and 27 g of sucrose are uniformly mixed to obtain a biological bacterial agent, and then 80 kg of red soil, 36 kg of baking soda, 40 kg of polyacrylamide, 100 kg of humus, 60 kg of organic fertilizer, 120 kg of earthworm manure and 30 kg of the biological bacterial agent are uniformly mixed to obtain a soil improvement matrix, and then the soil improvement matrix is uniformly spread on the sterilized soil, stirred uniformly, and then irrigated by using a sprinkling irrigation to penetrate water, ventilated and placed for 30 days.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] (1) Remove (SO4) 2- and Cl - : To the soil to be improved, 360 kg of the soil to be improved, 31 kg of 0.25% boric acid, 94 kg of CaCO3, 61 kg of 0.35% polyacrylamide solution and 19 kg of 0.1% citric acid are added;

[0049] (2) Disinfection: 40 kg of peanut shell charcoal, 60 kg of corn stalk charcoal, 30 kg of perlite and 360 kg of facility soil are uniformly mixed, and then sterilized at 120°C by using a high-temperature fire gun, and then naturally cooled to obtain sterilized soil;

[0050] (3) soil improvement: collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, rhizomes and the like in the process of facility vegetable production, crush the vegetable nutrient organs by using a crusher, put the crushed vegetable nutrient organs and the S. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into a composting tank, stir them uniformly, and then obtain humus after fermentation under the conditions of a temperature of 41℃ and a pH of 6.5. Mix 12g of the round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 6g of the Bacillus subtilis, 2.4g of the nitrifying bacteria, 9.6g of the phosphate bacteria, 16.5g of gelatin, and 27g of sucrose uniformly to obtain a biological bacterial agent, and then mix 100kg of the red soil, 14kg of baking soda, 60kg of polyacrylamide, 60kg of humus, 40kg of organic fertilizer, 100kg of earthworm manure, and 20kg of the biological bacterial agent uniformly to obtain a soil improvement substrate. The soil improvement substrate is uniformly spread on the sterilized soil, stirred uniformly, and then watered by using a sprinkling irrigation system, ventilated and placed for 27 days.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The same as Example 1, except that the raw material components used in the process of step (1) are different.

[0053] (1) removing (SO4) 2- and Cl - : 300g of the soil to be improved, 94g of CaCO3, and 61ml of 0.35% polyacrylamide solution are added to the soil to be improved.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] The same as Example 1, except that the raw material components used in the process of step (1) are different.

[0056] (1) removing (SO4) 2- and Cl - : 300g of the soil to be improved, 14g of 0.1% boric acid, 94g of CaCO3, and 17g of 0.05% citric acid are added to the soil to be improved.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] The same as Example 1, except that the raw material components used in the process of step (2) are different.

[0059] (2) sterilization: 80kg of rice husk charcoal, 60kg of perlite, and 440kg of facility soil are mixed uniformly, sterilized by using a high-temperature flame gun at 75℃, and then naturally cooled to obtain sterilized soil.

[0060] Comparative Example 4

[0061] The same as Example 1, except that the raw material components used in the process of step (3) are different.

[0062] (3) Soil improvement: Collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, rhizomes and the like in the process of facility vegetable production, put the nutrient organs into a composting tank after being crushed by a crusher, put the B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into the composting tank together, stir uniformly, and obtain humus after fermentation under the environmental conditions of a temperature of 39°C and a pH of 5.5. Mix 6 g of the round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 4.5 g of the Bacillus subtilis, 4.8 g of the phosphate bacteria, 15 g of gelatin, and 21 g of sucrose uniformly to obtain a biological bacterial agent, mix 40 kg of red soil, 14 kg of baking soda, 40 kg of polyacrylamide, 60 kg of humus, and 10 kg of the biological bacterial agent uniformly to obtain a soil improvement substrate, uniformly spread the soil improvement substrate on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 21 days.

[0063] Comparative Example 5

[0064] The same as Example 1, the difference lies in that the raw material ratio used in the soil improvement process of step (3) is different.

[0065] (3) Soil improvement: Mix 6 g of the round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 4.5 g of the Bacillus subtilis, 2.4 g of the nitrifying bacteria, and 4.8 g of the phosphate bacteria uniformly to obtain a biological bacterial agent, mix 40 kg of red soil, 14 kg of baking soda, 40 kg of polyacrylamide, 40 kg of organic fertilizer, 80 kg of earthworm manure, and 10 kg of the biological bacterial agent uniformly to obtain a soil improvement substrate, uniformly spread the soil improvement substrate on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 21 days.

[0066] Comparative Example 6

[0067] The same as Example 1, the difference lies in that the raw material ratio used in the soil improvement process of step (3) is different.

[0068] (3) Soil improvement: Collect the nutrient organs such as dry leaves, old leaves, rhizomes and the like in the process of facility vegetable production, put the nutrient organs into a composting tank after being crushed by a crusher, put the B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into the composting tank together, stir uniformly, and obtain humus after fermentation under the environmental conditions of a temperature of 39°C and a pH of 5.5. Mix 40 kg of red soil, 14 kg of baking soda, 40 kg of polyacrylamide, 60 kg of humus, 40 kg of organic fertilizer, and 80 kg of earthworm manure uniformly to obtain a soil improvement substrate, uniformly spread the soil improvement substrate on the sterilized soil, stir uniformly, use sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilate and stand for 21 days.

[0069] The soil PH value, soil organic matter, soil conductivity (EC), soil water content, alkali hydrolysis N, available P, and available K of the soil improved by the facilities vegetable soil improvement examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1. The soil PH value is determined by electrode method; the soil organic matter is determined by soaking method; the soil water content is determined by the fresh soil sample water content determination method in GB7172-1987 soil water determination method; the available N is determined by alkali hydrolysis diffusion method; the available P is determined by 0.5M sodium bicarbonate method; and the available K is determined by NH4OAc extraction method.

[0070] Table 1 Soil physical and chemical conditions of the soil improved by the facilities vegetable soil improvement examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-5

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] As shown in Table 1, the soil PH value of the examples 1-6 using the method of the present application to improve the facilities vegetable soil obviously reaches the PH value suitable for the growth and development of vegetables, and the organic matter content, soil water content, and available fertilizer content in the soil are obviously better than those of the comparative examples. Compared with the comparative example 3, the available P content of the improved soil obtained by using the corn cob carbon, corn straw carbon, and peanut shell carbon in the biochar of the method of the present application is greater than that of the comparative example 3, which indicates that the selected biochar types of the present application have the effect of increasing the soil phosphorus content. Compared with the comparative example 4, the soil PH value of example 1 is obviously improved, which indicates that the component ratio selected by the method of the present application can effectively improve the PH value of the soil environment. Compared with the comparative example 4, the addition of nitrifying bacteria in example 1 can promote the formation of alkali hydrolysis nitrogen, which is more beneficial to the absorption of vegetables. At the same time, vegetables are sensitive to ammonium nitrogen. If ammonium nitrogen cannot be timely converted into nitrate nitrogen, it will cause the reduction of vegetable yield. Therefore, the addition of nitrifying bacteria and its ratio in the method of the present application is very important. Compared with the comparative example 5, the available fertilizer content in the soil of example 1 is obviously better than that of the comparative example, which indicates that the bio-fermentation agent is very important for the formation of available fertilizer in the soil.

[0074] The (SO4) 2- and Cl - contents in the facilities soil obtained by the improvement methods of example 1 and the comparative examples 1-2 are detected, and the detection results are shown in Table 2. The (SO4) 2- content in the soil is determined by the soil sulfate ion content determination method in NYT1121.18-2006 soil detection; and the Cl- content in the soil is determined by the soil chloride ion content determination method in NYT1121.18-2006 soil detection.

[0075] Table 2 the content of (SO4) 2- and Cl - in the modified soil

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 2, the excess (SO4) 2- and Cl - in the soil was removed by using the method of the present application. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the content of sulfate ions in the modified soil in Example 1, in which boric acid was added, was significantly reduced, and the addition of only polyacrylamide solution, boric acid or citric acid was the best for reducing the content of chloride ions in the soil. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the ratio of boric acid to CaCO3 affected the content of sulfate ions in the modified soil, and the absorption of polyacrylamide solution to chloride ions was stronger than the chelation of citric acid.

[0079] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the application has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the application and its practical application, and to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the application and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the application be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility, characterized in that, The method comprising the following steps: S1, except (SO4) 2- and Cl - : After adding boric acid, CaCO3, polyacrylamide solution and citric acid to the soil to be improved, the soil is mixed with 300-420g of the soil to be improved, 21-31kg of boric acid with a concentration of 0.1-0.25%, 76-94kg of CaCO3, 61-84kg of polyacrylamide solution with a concentration of 0.2-0.35% and 17-21kg of citric acid with a concentration of 0.05-0.1% to remove the excess (SO4) 2- and Cl - ; S2, disinfection: loosening the facility soil, mixing the biochar, perlite and the facility soil according to the proportion, high-temperature disinfecting with a high-temperature fire gun, naturally cooling, and obtaining the sterilized soil; S3, soil improvement: mixing the red soil, baking soda, polyacrylamide, humus, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure and biological agent according to the proportion to obtain a soil improvement substrate, uniformly spreading the soil improvement substrate in the sterilized soil, uniformly turning, using sprinkling irrigation to soak water, ventilating and standing for 21-30 days to obtain the improved soil, wherein the biological agent is composed of 6-15g of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 4.5-7.5g of bacillus subtilis, 2.4-4.5g of nitrifying bacteria, 4.8-12.9g of phosphate bacteria, 15-18g of gelatin, and 21-27g of sucrose.

2. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar in step S2 includes one or more of corn straw charcoal, corn cob charcoal and peanut shell charcoal.

3. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 1, wherein The biochar, perlite and facility soil in step S2 are mixed in a ratio of 3-5:1.5-2.5:15-21.

4. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 1, wherein The high-temperature disinfection temperature of the high-temperature fire gun in step S2 is 75-120℃.

5. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 1, wherein The red soil, baking soda, polyacrylamide, humus, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure and biological agent in step S3 are mixed in a ratio of 2-5:0.7-1.8:2-4:3-5:2-3:4-7:0.5-1.

5.

6. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 5, characterized in that, The humus is obtained by collecting the nutrient organs in the process of facility vegetable production, crushing the nutrient organs with a crusher, putting the crushed nutrient organs, B. bovis and sodium bicarbonate into a composting tank, stirring uniformly, and fermenting until the nutrient organs are decomposed.

7. The method for improving the soil for growing vegetables in a facility according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fermentation conditions are a temperature of 39-42℃ and a pH of 5.5-7.5.

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