A mechanized automated control system and method for transporting and loading / unloading agricultural crops

Abstract

This invention relates to an automated control system and method for mechanized transporting and unloading of agricultural crops, comprising a support device, a main motor platform and an auxiliary motor platform mounted on the support device and controlling the forward and reverse movement of a traveling device, a traveling device mounted between the main motor platform and the auxiliary motor platform, and a loading and unloading device mounted below the traveling device. The auxiliary motor platform has the same structure as the main motor platform and is located at both ends of the transporting and unloading system, including a main balancing device and a first drive device and a second drive device mounted on the main balancing device. The auxiliary motor platform is connected to the main motor platform by a rope. The traveling device is mounted on the rope and includes a traveling device body, a connecting plate mounted on the traveling device body, a hinge mounted on the connecting plate for connecting the rope, and a non-circular connecting plate mounted on the traveling device body. This invention is applicable to various farmlands, such as greenhouses and tea gardens; the transport process is simple, disassembly and assembly are convenient, and maintenance and repair are easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a mechanized automatic control system and method for transporting and loading / unloading agricultural crops, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the cultivation of some fungi, the seeds mostly parasitize tree trunks. However, in artificial cultivation, tree trunks containing fungal spores need to be buried in planting fields for cultivation. With national policies demanding higher land use standards and market demand for crops, greenhouse cultivation of fungi such as Ganoderma lucidum is necessary to increase the supply of agricultural products. In this process, Ganoderma lucidum spores are planted in suitable tree trunks, and then a section of the trunk containing the spores is buried in a greenhouse planting field, with appropriate density to create individual planting plots. During mass cultivation, the transportation of raw materials requires significant manpower. Furthermore, the cultivation efficiency is low, and the transportation process necessitates the construction of transport roads, occupying a considerable amount of planting area.

[0003] To solve this problem, a reasonable transportation system needs to be designed to reduce manpower during transportation and improve planting efficiency through mechanized operations. At the same time, this device can also be applied to various suitable locations, such as greenhouses, vegetable gardens, and tea plantations.

[0004] Therefore, it is essential to develop a device that can be applied to the transportation and loading / unloading of large quantities of heavy product raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing research, this invention provides a mechanized automatic control mechanism for transporting heavy planting materials and its loading and unloading method.

[0006] A mechanized automatic control system for transporting and unloading agricultural crops includes a support device, a main motor platform and an auxiliary motor platform mounted on the support device and controlling the forward and reverse movement of a traveling device, a traveling device mounted between the main motor platform and the auxiliary motor platform, and a loading and unloading device mounted under the traveling device.

[0007] The auxiliary motor platform has the same structure as the main motor platform and is located at both ends of the transport and loading system. It includes a main balancing device and a first drive device and a second drive device installed on the main balancing device. The auxiliary motor platform is connected to the main motor platform by ropes.

[0008] The traveling device is mounted on a rope and includes a traveling device body, a connecting plate mounted on the traveling device body, a hinge mounted on the connecting plate for connecting the rope, and a non-circular connecting plate mounted on the traveling device body. The traveling devices are connected to each other by ropes, and the traveling devices at both ends are respectively connected to the motor rollers of the main motor platform and the auxiliary motor platform by ropes.

[0009] The traveling device includes two fixed slide rails as the traveling path. The distance between the two slide rails is fixed and can be adjusted according to the actual position. The two ends of the traveling mechanism are connected to ball bearing sliders that are restricted on the slide rods and then connected to the loading and unloading mechanism. Adjacent traveling mechanisms are connected by hook ropes. The entire transportation system includes three traveling mechanisms. Driven by the motor of the main motor platform, the power is transmitted through ropes.

[0010] The loading and unloading device includes a crossbeam, a ball bearing slider disposed at one end of the crossbeam and connected to the irregular connecting plate, and an automatic unhooking device hanging on the crossbeam. The automatic unhooking device is connected to the loading box through a connecting joint. The hook of the automatic unhooking device can be opened and closed and is fixed to the connecting joint with studs to achieve the tilting of the loading box without it falling off.

[0011] The support device includes a base frame, a support leg connected to the base frame via a fixing groove, and a slide rod mounted on the support leg. The support leg has a connecting groove for connecting to the slide rod.

[0012] The first drive unit includes a main platform roller motor and a first reducer; the second drive unit includes an auxiliary platform roller motor and a second reducer; the main balancing device includes a main platform traveling mechanism, which includes a set of gears and a rack, with the gears connected to the main platform traveling motor via a key. The output shafts of the main platform roller motor and the auxiliary platform roller motor are connected to the first reducer and the second reducer, respectively, driving the rollers to tighten or loosen the rope.

[0013] The main balancing device includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate, and a balancing frame is installed between the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0014] A method for mechanized and automated transport and loading / unloading of agricultural crops includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Based on the location of the crops to be transported, move the traveling device and loading / unloading device to the starting position. When there are no crops in the loading / unloading device, the automatic unhooking device is in the closed state, the cargo box is in a horizontal position, and the hook part of the automatic unhooking device is not in the closed state. It is necessary to remotely control the unhooking device to close. When the cargo box is loaded with crops, since the center of gravity of the entire traveling device and loading / unloading device is located on the center line of the traveling device when it is not loaded, it is necessary to load both sides at the same time when loading raw materials.

[0016] Step 2: After the crops are loaded, a fixed distance needs to be maintained between each loading and unloading device according to the characteristics of the field where the crops are planted. When the outer traveling device reaches a certain distance from the adjacent traveling device, the connecting rope between the two traveling devices becomes taut. Similarly, the subsequent traveling devices move simultaneously.

[0017] Step 3: The main platform roller motor and the auxiliary platform roller motor of the main motor platform rotate forward to provide power, which is transmitted through the rope to drive the movement of the traveling device. At the same time, the motor in the auxiliary motor platform rotates in reverse to ensure that the connecting rope between the traveling devices remains taut.

[0018] Step 4: When the traveling device reaches the designated position in the planting field, the loading and unloading device remains stable. The hook of the automatic unhooking device changes from the closed state to the open state under the control box. The loading box tilts to a certain degree, and the Ganoderma lucidum wood falls into the planting field under the action of gravity. After the loading and unloading process is completed, the hook returns to the closed state, and the traveling device moves in the opposite direction. The main motor platform and the auxiliary motor platform rotate in opposite directions until the traveling device returns to the initial position.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention is highly adaptable and applicable to various farmlands, such as greenhouses and tea gardens. The transportation process is simple, and disassembly and assembly are convenient, facilitating maintenance and repair. Its high mobility allows for simultaneous transport across multiple farmlands, enabling more efficient and rational planting compared to traditional manual positioning. Moving along a fixed track, this optimized planting method saves costs. This invention significantly reduces the labor required for transportation, greatly improving planting efficiency. Operators only need to control the transport speed and start / stop of the equipment from either side of the farmland, facilitating observation of the overall planting situation. Based on mechanized planting, this invention adopts a simple modular control structure, ensuring a low overall system failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the mechanized automatic control system for transporting and loading / unloading crops according to the present invention in a greenhouse;

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transportation system of the present invention in the state of rope tension during transportation;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the overall transportation system of the present invention in the state of rope relaxation before transportation;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main motor platform of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (1) of the auxiliary motor platform of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (2) of the auxiliary motor platform of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the loading and unloading device of the present invention in its loading state;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the loading and unloading device of the present invention in the unloading state;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a perspective view (1) of the main body of the traveling device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a perspective view (2) of the main body of the traveling device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the overall transportation system of the present invention (2).

[0034] In the diagram: 1-Main platform roller motor; 2-First reducer; 3-Small roller; 4-Control box; 5-Balance frame assembly; 6-Auxiliary platform roller motor; 7-Second reducer; 8-Roller; 9-Gear; 10-Rack; 11-Balance frame; 12-Upper support plate; 13-Lower support plate; 14-Automatic unhooking device; 15-Connecting joint; 16-Loading box; 17-Automatic unhooking device connecting lock; 18-Outer shell; 19-Connecting plate; 20-Hinge; 21-Irregularly shaped connecting plate; 22-Bearing shaft; 23-Ball slider; 24-Crossbeam; 25-Connecting groove; 26-Supporting leg; 27-Slide rod; 28-Fixing groove; 29-Base frame; 30-Lifting eye bolt; 31-Motor mounting bracket; 32-Third motor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 11, the overall structure of the transport system includes a main platform, an auxiliary platform, a traveling device, a loading and unloading device, and a support device. The two sets of slide rods 27 are supported by support legs 26 to prevent the slide rods from being deformed by bending stress. The support legs 26 and the slide rods 27 are connected by a connecting groove 25 to prevent the slide rods from shifting laterally. There is a base frame 29 between the two support legs to restrict the degree of freedom, and it is connected to the support legs by a fixing groove 28 to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0037] like Figure 3 , 4 The main platform and auxiliary platform are shown in Figures 5 and 6. The auxiliary platform roller motor 6 rotates to provide power, which is connected to the reducer 7 to increase the torque. The roller 8 pulls the rope back and transmits power to the traveling device. At the same time, the main platform roller motor 1 is connected to the first reducer 2 and the small roller 3 winds up the excess rope. The two roller motors are fixed to the main platform using the motor mounting bracket 31. The control box 4 stores the motors that control the entire platform.

[0038] The upper support plate 12 and the lower support plate 13 are connected by a balancing mechanism for the platform, including a balancing frame assembly 5 and a balancing frame 11. The connection between the balancing frame and the balancing frame assembly is fitted with a spring clamp. When the upper support plate moves, the direction of movement is perpendicular to the axial direction of the balancing frame. When the support plate sways, the spring force will give the support plate a reaction force, reducing the movement of the support plate perpendicular to the direction of travel. The mechanism also includes a support structure built of profiles. The third motor 32 provides power to drive the gear 9 to rotate. The gear 9 meshes with the rack 10 to transmit power for the position adjustment of the upper support plate.

[0039] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the main component of the loading and unloading device is the automatic unhooking device 14. The tilt angle of the loading box 16 can be adjusted by remote control of the automatic unhooking device. The hook of the automatic unhooking device is fixed to the loading box by studs through the connecting joint 15. The automatic unhooking device connecting lock 17 is hinged to the lifting rod fastened to the crossbeam 24 of the traveling device. The lifting rod is connected to the crossbeam by the lifting eye bolt 30.

[0040] like Figure 9 , 10As shown, the traveling device body includes a load-bearing shaft. A connecting plate 19 is mounted on the trapezoidal aluminum shell 18 of the traveling device. The connecting plate is fixed to the main body by threads and is used to connect adjacent traveling devices in front and behind, so that the relative distance between each device remains unchanged. At the same time, multiple adjustable hinges 20 can be fixed. The ropes between adjacent traveling devices are fixed by connecting hinges. The crossbeams 24 on both sides of the trapezoidal aluminum shell 18 are fixedly connected to ball bearing sliders 23, which can move on the slide rail. The sliders are connected to the trapezoidal aluminum shell 18 by threads through a special-shaped connecting plate 21 to ensure that the main body will not tip over when loading and unloading items.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kind of crop mechanization automatic control conveying handling method, including support device, main motor platform and auxiliary motor platform installed on the support device and control the positive and negative motion of traveling device, traveling device installed between the main motor platform and auxiliary motor platform, handling device is installed under the traveling device; The auxiliary motor platform and main motor platform structure are same, respectively located in the both ends of conveying handling system, including main balancing device and first driving device and second driving device installed on the main balancing device, the auxiliary motor platform and main motor platform are connected by rope; The traveling device includes traveling device body, connecting plate installed on the traveling device body, hinge buckle installed on the connecting plate and used to connect rope and special-shaped connecting plate installed on the traveling device body; The handling device includes beam, ball slide arranged in one end of the beam and connected with the special-shaped connecting plate and automatic unhooker hung on the beam, the automatic unhooker is connected with loading box by connecting knot;The hook of the automatic unhooker can be opened and closed and is fixed with connecting knot by stud to realize the inclination of loading box and not to fall off, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step one, according to the conveying position of crops, the traveling device drives the handling device to stop in starting position, when no crops are placed in the handling device, the automatic unhooker is in closed state, the loading box is in horizontal position, the hooking part of the automatic unhooker is not in closed state, remote control is needed to control the unhooker to close, after loading crops in the loading box, since the center of gravity of the whole traveling device and handling device is located on the center line of the traveling device when no raw materials are loaded, raw materials need to be loaded on both sides at the same time; Step two, after loading crops, according to the characteristics of the planting field where crops are located, a fixed distance needs to be kept between each handling device, when the outer traveling device reaches a certain distance from the adjacent traveling device, the connecting rope between the two traveling devices reaches tight state, similarly, the subsequent traveling devices move at the same time; Step three, the main platform roller motor of the main motor platform and the auxiliary platform roller motor are powered by forward rotation, the power is transmitted through the rope to drive the traveling device to move, at the same time, the motor in the auxiliary motor platform is reversed to ensure that the connecting rope between the traveling devices keeps tight state; Step four, when the traveling device reaches the specified position of the planting field, the handling device keeps stable state, the hook of the automatic unhooker changes from closed state to disconnected state under the control box, the loading box is inclined to a certain extent, and the ganoderma wood falls into the planting field under the action of gravity, after the handling process is completed, the hook returns to closed state, the traveling device moves in the opposite direction, the rotating direction of the motor of the main motor platform and the auxiliary motor platform is opposite to the original direction, until the traveling device returns to the initial position.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The support device includes chassis, supporting footrest connected with the chassis through fixed groove and slide bar installed on the supporting footrest, the supporting footrest is provided with connecting groove connected with the slide bar.

3. A method for automatic control of loading and unloading of agricultural crops in mechanization according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that: The first driving device comprises a main platform roller motor and a first speed reducer, the second driving device comprises a secondary platform roller motor and a second speed reducer, the main balancing device comprises a main platform traveling mechanism, and the main platform traveling mechanism comprises a set of gears and racks, and the gears are connected with the main platform traveling motor through a key.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: The main balancing device comprises upper support plates and lower support plates, and a balance frame is installed between the upper support plates and the lower support plates.

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