A simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, and its manufacturing method and installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, its manufacturing method and installation method, which relates to the technical field of seismic isolation bearings. It includes an elastic cylinder body; a bottom elastic layer is provided at the bottom inside the elastic cylinder body, a middle elastic layer is provided in the middle inside the elastic cylinder body, and the middle elastic layer and the bottom elastic layer are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the elastic cylinder body; the spaces between the middle elastic layer and the bottom elastic layer inside the elastic cylinder body and above the middle elastic layer are all concrete filling cavities; a grouting through hole is axially formed in the middle elastic layer along the elastic cylinder body, and a steel bar is inserted in the grouting through hole, and both ends of the steel bar extend into the corresponding concrete filling cavities; after concrete grouting is carried out from the top of the elastic cylinder body, the concrete filling cavities inside the elastic cylinder body are filled with concrete to form a poured concrete layer, and the grouting through holes are filled with concrete to form reinforced concrete pin columns connecting and supporting the corresponding poured concrete layers; the present invention has the characteristics of simple manufacturing, low cost, convenient installation, good pressure-bearing and seismic resistance performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic isolation bearings, and particularly to a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, and a manufacturing method and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Earthquakes can cause damage to buildings. Generally, the impact directions of seismic waves on buildings are vertical and horizontal. Traditional seismic reinforcement of multi-story masonry houses mostly uses the method of setting a base isolation layer to solve the problem and improve the seismic and earthquake-resistant performance of buildings.

[0003] Chinese Patent, authorization publication number CN103469919B, provides a bi-directional rolling pendulum seismic isolation bearing. When an earthquake occurs, the upper and lower plates displace relative to each other, driving the rolling pendulum rod to swing along the curved surface of the arc-shaped track groove, and using the swinging of the curved surface of the arc-shaped track groove to achieve shock absorption. However, this seismic isolation bearing still has the problems of complex structure and high cost of the pendulum rod, and cannot meet the requirements of seismic isolation and shock absorption for housing construction in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology.

[0004] How to provide a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, and a manufacturing method and an installation method thereof, which can solve the problems of complex construction technology and high price of traditional seismic isolation bearings, to meet the requirements of seismic isolation and shock absorption for masonry buildings in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology, and has the characteristics of simple manufacturing, convenient installation, good pressure-bearing and seismic performance is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, and a manufacturing method and an installation method thereof, aiming to solve the above technical problems. The seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention can meet the requirements of seismic isolation and shock absorption for masonry buildings in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology, and has the advantages of simple manufacturing, convenient installation, good pressure-bearing and seismic performance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, comprising:

[0007] An elastic cylinder; a bottom elastic layer is provided at the bottom inside the elastic cylinder, a middle elastic layer is provided in the middle inside the elastic cylinder, and the middle elastic layer and the bottom elastic layer are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the elastic cylinder; a concrete filling cavity is provided between the middle elastic layer and the bottom elastic layer inside the elastic cylinder and above the middle elastic layer;

[0008] A grouting through-hole is axially formed in the middle elastic layer along the axis of the elastic cylinder body. A steel bar is inserted into the grouting through-hole, and a grouting gap is reserved between the two. Both ends of the steel bar extend into the corresponding concrete filling cavities. After concrete grouting is carried out from the top of the elastic cylinder body, the concrete filling cavities in the elastic cylinder body are filled with concrete to form a poured concrete layer, and the grouting through-holes are filled with concrete to form reinforced concrete pin columns that connect and support the corresponding poured concrete layers.

[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures disclosed by the present invention, when subjected to vertical compressive stress, the poured concrete layer and the reinforced concrete pin columns in the middle of the seismic isolation bearing exert their vertical bearing capacity to bear the vertical load to meet the requirements of the vertical bearing of the bearing; and the bottom elastic layer in the elastic cylinder body plays a role in buffering and seismic isolation. When subjected to horizontal load, the horizontal shear resistance of the seismic isolation bearing can be divided into three stages: In the first stage, when the building structure encounters a relatively small horizontal load, the reinforced concrete pin columns in the middle elastic layer of the bearing will not undergo shear failure, and the seismic isolation layer has a relatively large horizontal stiffness, which can ensure the integrity of the building structure and achieve the goal of "no damage in minor earthquakes"; In the second stage, when the building structure encounters an earthquake equivalent to the basic fortification earthquake, the reinforced concrete pin columns in the middle of the bearing gradually undergo shear failure, and the reinforced concrete pin columns in the middle of the bearing no longer restrict the shear deformation of the elastic layer. The elastic layer in the bearing can exert the characteristic of its relatively small horizontal stiffness, and a weak layer is formed in the seismic isolation layer of the building structure, and the structural vibration period increases, which can isolate the influence of part of the seismic action on the upper main structure to "ensure that the structure can meet the requirements of normal use functions when an earthquake of the fortification intensity in this area occurs"; In the third stage, when the building structure encounters an earthquake equivalent to the rare earthquake, the deformation of the seismic isolation layer increases, and the steel bars arranged inside the reinforced concrete pin columns of the bearing exert their plastic deformation ability to play a certain role in restraining the deformation of the seismic isolation bearing. At the same time, when the bearing is subjected to a relatively small vertical tensile force, the steel bars placed inside the reinforced concrete pin columns of the bearing of the present invention and the bonding effect with the poured concrete can resist part of the vertical tensile force generated under the earthquake action, improving the tensile capacity of the bearing. The seismic isolation bearing of the present invention has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, good pressure-bearing and seismic resistance performance, can meet the needs of seismic isolation and shock absorption of masonry buildings in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology, and has certain popularization value.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the top end of the steel bar is flush with the top end of the elastic cylinder body, and the bottom end of the steel bar contacts the top end of the bottom elastic layer. A stable connection structure between the reinforced concrete pin column and the poured concrete layer can be formed.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the number of the steel bars is multiple, and the multiple steel bars are arranged at intervals in the grouting through holes, which can enhance the shear strength and support strength of the reinforced concrete pin columns. When the reinforced concrete pin columns are sheared and damaged, the shock absorption capacity can be further improved by the multiple steel bars.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the number of the grouting through holes is multiple, and the multiple grouting through holes are arranged at intervals. And multiple steel bars are arranged in each grouting through hole. After pouring concrete, reinforced concrete pin columns are formed at the positions corresponding to each grouting through hole, which can further enhance the bearing capacity, shear resistance and shock absorption capacity in the horizontal direction of the seismic isolation bearing.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, annular connecting bodies extend integrally outwards along the height direction of the elastic cylinder body at the top and bottom of the barrel wall of the elastic cylinder body. An embedding cavity for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column is arranged inside the connecting body ring. Embedding grooves for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column are arranged on the end faces of the connecting bodies far away from the elastic cylinder body.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the embedding grooves are open grooves and are multiple. The multiple embedding grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting body.

[0015] The embedding cavity and the embedding grooves can realize the stable connection between the seismic isolation bearing and the upper and lower building beams.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the middle elastic layer is greater than the thickness of the bottom elastic layer.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, multiple middle elastic layers are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the elastic cylinder body. Multiple concrete filling cavities are defined between the multiple middle elastic layers. The number of the grouting through holes on the multiple middle elastic layers is the same and the upper and lower positions correspond to each other.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a manufacturing method of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to a masonry structure. The manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Manufacture the elastic cylinder body, the bottom elastic layer, the middle elastic layer and the connecting body, and reserve grouting through holes on the middle elastic layer. The elastic cylinder body, the bottom elastic layer, the middle elastic layer and the connecting body are all made of rubber material and are integrally formed.

[0020] Step 2: Insert steel bars. Insert the steel bars into the corresponding grouting through holes from top to bottom until the bottom ends of the steel bars contact the bottom elastic layer, and adjust the positions of the steel bars in each grouting through hole to make them evenly distributed in the grouting through holes.

[0021] Step 3: Pour the concrete mortar. Pour the concrete mortar from the top of the cylinder. The concrete mortar first flows through the grouting through-holes and fills the bottom concrete filling cavity, and then fills each layer of the concrete filling cavity and the grouting through-holes from bottom to top in turn; the concrete mortar in the top-layer concrete filling cavity is filled to be flush with the bottom of the embedded groove corresponding to the connecting body, and is vibrated and leveled;

[0022] Step 4: Cure under natural conditions to make the seismic isolation bearing;

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention provides an installation method for a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures. The installation method includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Arrange the seismic isolation bearing above the lower beam body; when the lower beam body is poured, a part of the concrete mortar poured in the lower beam body will fill the embedded cavity and the embedded groove of the connecting body at the bottom of the seismic isolation bearing; after the lower beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected to the lower beam body through a concrete structure;

[0025] Step 2: Arrange and pour the upper beam body above the seismic isolation bearing. When the upper beam body is poured, a part of the concrete mortar poured in the upper beam body will fill the embedded cavity and the embedded groove of the connecting body at the top of the seismic isolation bearing; after the upper beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected to the upper beam body through a concrete structure; the installation of the seismic isolation bearing between the upper and lower beam bodies is completed.

[0026] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, which has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The seismic isolation bearing of the present invention has good bearing and seismic resistance performance, that is, it has a large vertical load-bearing capacity and a vertical buffering and seismic isolation effect; and the horizontal shear resistance of the seismic isolation bearing can achieve the technical effects of no damage in minor earthquakes, slight damage in moderate earthquakes and still being able to be used, and no loss of service function in major earthquakes.

[0028] 2. The seismic isolation bearing of the present invention has a simple structure. The elastic cylinder, the elastic layer and the connecting body can all be made of common rubber materials and are conducive to integral molding. Reinforced concrete is also a commonly used material in construction sites. The production is very convenient, which can greatly reduce the cost, and can meet the seismic isolation and shock absorption requirements of masonry buildings in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology, and has a certain promotion value. Description of the Drawings

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal partial structure of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic top view of the structure of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic front view of the exterior of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 Finite element analysis model of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 Hysteresis curve in the X direction of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Elastic cylinder; 11. Concrete filling cavity; 2. Bottom elastic layer; 3. Middle elastic layer; 31. Grouting through hole; 4. Steel bar; 5. Cast-in-place concrete layer; 6. Reinforced concrete pin column; 7. Connection body; 71. Embedded groove; 72. Embedded cavity. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures includes:

[0043] An elastic cylinder 1; a bottom elastic layer 2 is integrally connected to the inner bottom of the elastic cylinder 1, a middle elastic layer 3 is integrally connected to the middle of the elastic cylinder 1, and the middle elastic layer 3 and the bottom elastic layer 2 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the elastic cylinder 1; both between the middle elastic layer 3 and the bottom elastic layer 2 in the elastic cylinder 1 and above the middle elastic layer 3 are concrete filling cavities 11;

[0044] A grouting through hole 31 is axially formed in the middle elastic layer 3 along the elastic cylinder 1, a steel bar 4 is inserted into the grouting through hole 31 and a grouting gap is reserved therebetween, and both ends of the steel bar 4 extend into the corresponding concrete filling cavity 11; after concrete grouting is carried out from the top of the elastic cylinder 1, the concrete filling cavity 11 in the elastic cylinder 1 is filled with concrete to form a poured concrete layer 5, and the grouting through hole 31 is filled with concrete to form a reinforced concrete pin column 6 that connects and supports the corresponding poured concrete layer 5.

[0045] When subjected to vertical compressive stress, the cast-in-place concrete layer 5 and the reinforced concrete pin column 6 in the middle of the seismic isolation bearing exert their vertical bearing capacity to bear the vertical load to meet the requirements of the vertical bearing of the bearing; and the bottom elastic layer 2 in the elastic cylinder 1 plays a role in buffering and seismic isolation. When subjected to horizontal load, the horizontal shear resistance of the seismic isolation bearing can be divided into three stages: In the first stage, when the building structure encounters a relatively small horizontal load, the reinforced concrete pin column 6 in the middle elastic layer 3 of the bearing will not undergo shear failure, and the seismic isolation layer has a relatively large horizontal stiffness, which can ensure the integrity of the building structure and achieve the goal of "no damage in minor earthquakes"; in the second stage, when the building structure encounters an earthquake equivalent to the basic fortification earthquake, the reinforced concrete pin column 6 in the middle of the bearing gradually undergoes shear failure, and the reinforced concrete pin column 6 in the middle of the bearing no longer restricts the shear deformation of the elastic layer. The elastic layer in the bearing can exert the characteristic of its relatively small horizontal stiffness, and a weak layer is formed in the seismic isolation layer of the building structure, and the structural vibration period increases, which can isolate the influence of part of the seismic action on the upper main structure to "ensure that the structure can meet the requirements of normal use functions when an earthquake of the fortification intensity in this area occurs"; in the third stage, when the building structure encounters an earthquake equivalent to the rare earthquake, the deformation of the seismic isolation layer increases, and the steel bars arranged inside the reinforced concrete pin column 6 of the bearing exert their plastic deformation capacity to play a certain role in restraining the deformation of the seismic isolation bearing. At the same time, when the bearing is subjected to a relatively small vertical tensile force, the steel bars placed inside the reinforced concrete pin column 6 of the bearing of the present invention and the bonding effect with the cast-in-place concrete can resist part of the vertical tensile force generated under the earthquake action, improving the tensile capacity of the bearing. The seismic isolation bearing of the present invention has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, good pressure-bearing and seismic resistance performance, can meet the needs of seismic isolation and shock absorption of masonry buildings in rural areas with relatively backward economy and relatively weak technology, and has certain popularization value.

[0046] Preferably, the top end of the steel bar 4 is flush with the top end of the elastic cylinder 1, and the bottom end of the steel bar 4 contacts the top end of the bottom elastic layer 2. A stable connection structure of the reinforced concrete pin column 6 and the cast-in-place concrete layer 5 can be formed.

[0047] Preferably, the number of the steel bars 4 is multiple, and the multiple steel bars 4 are arranged at intervals in the grouting through holes 31; the shear strength and support strength of the reinforced concrete pin column 6 can be enhanced; when the reinforced concrete pin column 6 is shear-damaged, the shock absorption capacity can be further improved by the multiple steel bars 4.

[0048] Preferably, the number of the grouting through holes 31 is multiple, and the multiple grouting through holes 31 are arranged at intervals, and multiple steel bars 4 are arranged inside each grouting through hole 31; after the cast-in-place concrete is poured, a reinforced concrete pin column 6 is formed at the position corresponding to each grouting through hole 31; the bearing capacity, shear resistance and shock absorption capacity in the horizontal direction of the seismic isolation bearing can be further enhanced.

[0049] Preferably, annular connectors 7 extend integrally outward in the height direction of the elastic cylinder body 1 at both the top and bottom of the cylinder wall of the elastic cylinder body 1. An embedding cavity 72 for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column is provided inside the ring of the connector 7.

[0050] Preferably, embedding grooves 71 for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column are provided on the end faces of the connectors 7 away from the elastic cylinder body 1.

[0051] Preferably, the embedding grooves 71 are open grooves and there are multiple of them; the multiple embedding grooves 71 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the connector 7. The embedding cavity 72 and the embedding grooves 71 can achieve a firm connection between the seismic isolation bearing and the upper and lower building beams.

[0052] Preferably, the thickness of the middle elastic layer 3 is greater than the thickness of the bottom elastic layer 2.

[0053] Preferably, multiple middle elastic layers 3 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the elastic cylinder body 1; multiple concrete filling cavities 11 are defined between the multiple middle elastic layers 3; the number of grouting through holes 31 on the multiple middle elastic layers 3 is the same and their upper and lower positions correspond to each other.

[0054] Specifically, the shape of the seismic isolation bearing is a cube with a side length of a, and the side length a is not less than 300 mm; the diameter d and the number n of the grouting through holes 31 have an important influence on the compressive bearing capacity of the bearing. According to the actual needs of the building structure, a / nd can be designed not to be greater than a set threshold value to meet the vertical compressive bearing capacity of the seismic isolation bearing; since the bearing capacity before the seismic isolation bearing yields is crucial, that is, the shear bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete pin column 6 in the middle of the bearing needs to be designed, that is, it is required that the product of the number of the reinforced concrete pin columns 6 in the middle of the bearing and their cross-sectional area n×πd 2 / 4 is not greater than a set threshold value to meet the shear deformation of the bearing under the fortification earthquake action and achieve the effect of isolating the horizontal earthquake of the seismic isolation bearing under the fortification earthquake action.

[0055] A manufacturing method of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, the manufacturing method comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Manufacture the elastic cylinder body 1, the bottom elastic layer 2, the middle elastic layer 3 and the connector 7. The elastic cylinder body 1, the bottom elastic layer 2, the middle elastic layer 3 and the connector 7 are all made of rubber material and are integrally formed;

[0057] Step 2: Insert the steel bars 4. Insert the steel bars 4 into the corresponding grouting through holes 31 from top to bottom until the bottom ends of the steel bars contact the bottom elastic layer 2, and adjust the positions of the steel bars 4 in each grouting through hole 31 so that they are evenly distributed in the grouting through holes 31;

[0058] Step 3: Pour the concrete mortar. Pour the concrete mortar from the top of the cylinder. The concrete mortar first flows through the grouting through-hole 31 and fills the bottom concrete filling cavity 11, and then fills each layer of the concrete filling cavity 11 and the grouting through-hole 31 from bottom to top in turn; the concrete mortar in the top-layer concrete filling cavity 11 is filled to be flush with the bottom of the embedded groove 71 corresponding to the connecting body 7, and then vibrated and leveled;

[0059] Step 4: Cure under natural conditions to make the seismic isolation bearing;

[0060] An installation method of a simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, the installation method includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Arrange the seismic isolation bearing above the lower beam body; when the lower beam body is poured, part of the concrete mortar poured in the lower beam body will fill the embedded cavity 72 and the embedded groove 71 of the connecting body 7 at the bottom of the seismic isolation bearing; after the lower beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected with the lower beam body through the concrete structure;

[0062] Step 2: Arrange and pour the upper beam body above the seismic isolation bearing. When the upper beam body is poured, part of the concrete mortar poured in the upper beam body will fill the embedded cavity 72 and the embedded groove 71 of the connecting body 7 at the top of the seismic isolation bearing; after the upper beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected with the upper beam body through the concrete structure; complete the installation of the seismic isolation bearing between the upper and lower beam bodies.

[0063] To study the mechanical properties of the seismic isolation bearing under earthquake action, a finite element analysis model of it was established using abaqus software, and displacement loading was carried out with a sine wave, and the loading circular frequency was 3.14 rad / s. The seismic isolation bearing model is as Figure 6 shown. In the model, the concrete and vertical steel bars respectively adopt the C3D8R solid element and the T3D2 truss element. The concrete strength grade adopts C30 concrete (or high-ductility concrete), the elastic modulus E is taken as 30000 MPa, and the Poisson's ratio is taken as 0.3; the vertical steel bars adopt HRB335, the elastic modulus E is taken as 210000 MPa, and the Poisson's ratio is 0.3. Rubber belongs to a hyperelastic material, and the element adopts the three-dimensional eight-node linear hexahedron hybrid element C3D8H, and its constitutive relation adopts the Mooney-Rivlin model, and the relevant parameter values are C10 = 0.435, C01 = 0.087, D1 = 0.0385. In the model, the steel bars and concrete are constrained by "embedded regions", and the contact between the concrete and the rubber adopts node binding constraints.

[0064] The hysteresis curve of the seismic isolation bearing is as Figure 7 shown. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the load-displacement curve of the seismic isolation bearing is roughly divided into two stages: the linear elastic stage and the elastoplastic stage:

[0065] When the seismic isolation bearing is in the elastic stage, the concrete and vertical steel bars are basically intact and still play their role as dowel columns or dowel keys, which can ensure a relatively high initial stiffness of the seismic isolation bearing to control the displacement of the seismic isolation layer under wind loads and frequent earthquakes.

[0066] When the seismic isolation bearing enters the elastoplastic stage, the concrete and vertical steel bars have suffered certain damage and cannot provide a reliable dowel column or dowel key function. However, it can still bear a certain amount of vertical load. In the elastoplastic stage, the lateral load of the seismic isolation bearing mainly relies on the rubber to resist, greatly reducing the stiffness of the seismic isolation bearing, reducing or isolating the seismic energy transmitted to the upper masonry structure, and ensuring the seismic resistance and safety of rural masonry structure buildings.

[0067] In order to ensure that the seismic isolation bearing can always be in the elastic stage under frequent earthquakes and enter the elastoplastic stage under moderate earthquakes, its limit value can be controlled by changing parameters such as the concrete grade, the grade of vertical steel bars, the cross-sectional area of the holes, and the number of seismic isolation bearings.

[0068] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures, characterized in that, Comprising: An elastic cylinder body (1); a bottom elastic layer (2) is provided at the inner bottom of the elastic cylinder body (1), a middle elastic layer (3) is provided in the middle of the elastic cylinder body (1), and the middle elastic layer (3) and the bottom elastic layer (2) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the elastic cylinder body (1); between the middle elastic layer (3) and the bottom elastic layer (2) in the elastic cylinder body (1) and above the middle elastic layer (3) are concrete filling cavities (11); A grouting through hole (31) is axially formed in the middle elastic layer (3) along the elastic cylinder body (1), a steel bar (4) is inserted into the grouting through hole (31) with a grouting gap reserved therebetween, and both ends of the steel bar (4) extend into the corresponding concrete filling cavity (11); after concrete grouting is carried out from the top of the elastic cylinder body (1), the concrete filling cavities (11) in the elastic cylinder body (1) are filled with concrete to form a grouted concrete layer (5), and the grouting through hole (31) is filled with concrete to form a reinforced concrete pin column (6) connecting and supporting the corresponding grouted concrete layer (5).

2. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 1, wherein The top end of the steel bar (4) is flush with the top end of the elastic cylinder body (1), and the bottom end of the steel bar (4) contacts the top end of the bottom elastic layer (2).

3. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 2, wherein, The number of the steel bars (4) is multiple, and the multiple steel bars (4) are arranged at intervals in the grouting through hole (31).

4. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 3, characterized in that The number of the grouting through holes (31) is multiple, the multiple grouting through holes (31) are arranged at intervals, and multiple steel bars (4) are provided inside each grouting through hole (31); after concrete is grouted, a reinforced concrete pin column (6) is formed at the position corresponding to each grouting through hole (31).

5. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 4, characterized in that, At the top and bottom of the barrel wall of the elastic cylinder body (1), annular connecting bodies (7) integrally extend outward along the height direction of the elastic cylinder body (1), and an embedding cavity (72) for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column is arranged inside the ring of the connecting body (7); an embedding groove (71) for connecting with the corresponding building beam or column is formed on the end face of the connecting body (7) away from the elastic cylinder body (1).

6. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 5, wherein The embedding groove (71) is an open groove and there are multiple; the multiple embedding grooves (71) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting body (7).

7. The simple isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the middle elastic layer (3) is greater than the thickness of the bottom elastic layer (2).

8. The simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple middle elastic layers (3) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the elastic cylinder body (1); multiple concrete filling cavities (11) are defined between the multiple middle elastic layers (3); the number of the grouting through holes (31) on the multiple middle elastic layers (3) is the same and the upper and lower positions correspond to each other.

9. A manufacturing method of the simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Manufacture the elastic cylinder body (1), the bottom elastic layer (2), the middle elastic layer (3) and the connecting body (7), reserve the grouting through hole (31) on the middle elastic layer (3), and the elastic cylinder body (1), the bottom elastic layer (2), the middle elastic layer (3) and the connecting body (7) are all made of rubber material and integrally formed; Step 2: Insert the steel bars (4). Insert the steel bars (4) into the corresponding grouting through-holes (31) from top to bottom until the bottom ends of the steel bars contact the bottom elastic layer (2). Adjust the positions of the steel bars (4) in each grouting through-hole (31) so that they are evenly distributed in the grouting through-holes (31). Step 3: Pour the concrete mortar. Pour the concrete mortar from the top of the cylinder. The concrete mortar first flows through the grouting through-holes (31) and fills the bottom concrete filling cavity (11), and then fills each layer of the concrete filling cavity (11) and the grouting through-holes (31) from bottom to top in turn. The concrete mortar in the top-layer concrete filling cavity (11) is filled to be flush with the bottom of the corresponding embedding groove (71) of the connecting body (7), and is vibrated and leveled. Step 4: Cure under natural conditions to make the seismic isolation bearing.

10. An installation method of the simple seismic isolation bearing applicable to masonry structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, The installation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Arrange the seismic isolation bearing above the lower beam body. When the lower beam body is poured, a part of the concrete mortar poured in the lower beam body will fill into the embedding cavity (72) and the embedding groove (71) of the bottom connecting body (7) of the seismic isolation bearing. After the lower beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected to the lower beam body through the concrete structure. Step 2: Arrange and pour the upper beam body above the seismic isolation bearing. When the upper beam body is poured, a part of the concrete mortar poured in the upper beam body will fill into the embedding cavity (72) and the embedding groove (71) of the top connecting body (7) of the seismic isolation bearing. After the upper beam body is cured, the seismic isolation bearing can be fixedly connected to the upper beam body through the concrete structure, completing the installation of the seismic isolation bearing between the upper and lower beam bodies.

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