An antenna, antenna unit, and communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of broadband antennas, and discloses an antenna, the antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a dielectric patch, an adjusting assembly, a ground plate and a feeding structure, the dielectric substrate comprising oppositely arranged first and second surfaces; the dielectric patch is arranged on the first surface, the dielectric patch is provided with a first groove, one end of the first groove is provided with a first opening; one end of the adjusting assembly abuts the groove bottom of the first groove, the other end of the adjusting assembly extends out of the first opening, the adjusting assembly can move forward or backward along the direction of the first opening to change the length of the first groove; the ground plate is arranged on the second surface, the ground plate is provided with a gap for coupling with the dielectric patch; the feeding structure is arranged on the second surface. In the above manner, the embodiment of the application can adjust the frequency of the antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of broadband antenna, in particular to an antenna, an antenna unit and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the transmission speed of wireless communication equipment, the millimeter wave wireless communication system has gradually become a research hotspot. The millimeter wave wireless communication system can be used for communication in different scenes, for example, the millimeter wave antenna generally uses 27-40GHz in the ka band, and the military often uses a frequency band of 35GHz to realize high-precision radar detection. In order to make the millimeter wave antenna cover different application scenes, it is necessary to design a millimeter wave antenna with adjustable frequency.

[0003] In the implementation process of the present application, the inventor found that: the current millimeter wave antenna uses a thin dielectric plate with high dielectric constant, which is called dense dielectric patch, to achieve the purpose of adjusting the frequency. The dense dielectric patch antenna not only has the TM (TM mode) mode of the metal patch, but also can have the TE (Tennessee Eastman Process) mode of the rectangular dielectric resonator. Various modes can be utilized, and the profile is smaller than that of the metal microstrip antenna. However, the bandwidth of the dense dielectric patch antenna is relatively narrow. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem solved by the embodiment of the present application is to provide an antenna. By opening a first groove on the dielectric substrate, the current direction on the dielectric substrate can be changed. An adjusting assembly is provided, and the adjusting assembly can move forward or backward along the opening of the first groove. According to the use scene, the length of the first groove is changed, and then the frequency of the antenna is adjusted.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the present application is to provide an antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a dielectric patch, an adjusting assembly, a ground plate and a feeding structure. The dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely. The dielectric patch is arranged on the first surface, and the dielectric patch is provided with a first groove. One end of the first groove is provided with a first opening. One end of the adjusting assembly abuts the bottom of the first groove, and the other end of the adjusting assembly extends out of the first opening. The adjusting assembly can move forward or backward along the direction of the first opening to change the length of the first groove. The ground plate is arranged on the second surface, and the ground plate is provided with a gap for coupling with the dielectric patch. The feeding structure is arranged on the second surface.

[0006] Optionally, the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of first filling blocks and a first metal piece, the plurality of first filling blocks fill the first groove in sequence, one end of the first metal piece abuts against the first filling blocks, and the other end of the first metal piece extends out of the first opening.

[0007] Optionally, the antenna further comprises a second adjusting assembly, the dielectric patch is further provided with a second groove, the second groove is arranged at intervals with the first groove, the second groove is provided with a second opening, one end of the second adjusting assembly abuts against the bottom of the second groove, and the other end of the second adjusting assembly extends out of the second opening, the second adjusting assembly can move forward or backward along the direction of the second opening to change the length of the second groove.

[0008] Optionally, the second adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of second filling blocks and a second metal piece, the plurality of second filling blocks fill the second groove in sequence, one end of the second metal piece abuts against the second filling blocks, and the other end of the second metal piece extends out of the second opening.

[0009] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the antenna further comprises a feeding assembly, the feeding assembly comprises a plurality of first metal columns, one first metal column is arranged in one first through hole, one end of one first metal column abuts against one first filling block, and one end of one first metal column abuts against the first metal piece.

[0010] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the feeding assembly further comprises a plurality of second metal columns, one second metal column is arranged in one second through hole, one end of one second metal column abuts against one second filling block, and one end of one first metal column abuts against the first metal piece.

[0011] Optionally, the antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate is arranged on one surface of the ground plate relative to the second surface, the second dielectric substrate is arranged in layers with the ground plate, the first dielectric substrate and the dielectric patch, and the feeding structure is arranged on the second dielectric substrate.

[0012] Optionally, the first groove and the second groove are arranged at intervals of 10mm.

[0013] To solve the above technical problems, another technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the present application is to provide an antenna unit comprising the above-mentioned antenna.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, another technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the present application is to provide a communication device comprising the above-mentioned antenna.

[0015] The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a dielectric patch, an adjusting assembly, a ground plate and a feed structure, the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely; the dielectric patch is arranged on the first surface, the dielectric patch is provided with a first groove, one end of the first groove is provided with a first opening; one end of the adjusting assembly abuts the groove bottom of the first groove, the other end of the adjusting assembly extends out of the first opening, the adjusting assembly can be moved forward or backward along the direction of the first opening, so as to change the length of the first groove; the ground plate is arranged on the second surface, the ground plate is provided with a gap for coupling with the dielectric patch; the feed structure is arranged on the second surface, the antenna is a laminated structure, each layer of material is thin, so that the profile of the antenna is low, the first groove is opened on the dielectric patch, the current distribution and the field distribution of the antenna are changed, the adjusting assembly is moved forward or backward according to the use scene, the length of the first groove is changed, and the frequency and the bandwidth of the antenna are adjusted, so that the antenna gain is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual proportion.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is another view structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is an explosion diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a current distribution diagram of the dielectric patch of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application when the first groove is not opened;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a current distribution diagram of the dielectric patch of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application when the first groove is opened;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a working frequency schematic diagram of the dielectric patch of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application when the first groove is opened;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a part structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 It is another part structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] The reference signs in the detailed description are as follows: 100, antenna; 10, dielectric substrate; 101, first surface; 102, second surface; 103, first through hole; 104, second through hole; 20, dielectric patch; 201, first groove; 211, first opening; 202, second groove; 212, second opening; 30, adjusting assembly; 301, first metal piece; 302, first filling block; 40, ground plate; 50, feeding structure; 60, second adjusting assembly; 601, second metal piece; 602, second filling block; 70, feeding assembly; 701, first metal column; 702, second metal column; 80, second dielectric substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] For the purpose of this application, the following detailed description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like used in the specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification are the same as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not used to limit the application. The term "and / or" used in the specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0028] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The antenna 100 comprises a dielectric substrate 10, a dielectric patch 20, an adjusting assembly 30, a ground plate 40, a feeding structure 50, a second adjusting assembly 60, a feeding assembly 70 and a second dielectric substrate 80. The dielectric substrate 10 comprises a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 arranged oppositely, the ground plate 40 is provided with a gap 401 for coupling with the dielectric patch 20, after the antenna 100 is fed by the feeding structure 50, electromagnetic wave energy is conducted to the dielectric patch 20 through the gap 401, the dielectric patch 20 is arranged on the first surface 101, the ground plate 40 and the feeding structure 50 are arranged on the second surface 102, the adjusting assembly 30 and the second adjusting assembly 60 are used for adjusting the frequency of the dielectric patch 20, the feeding assembly 70 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 10, the feeding assembly 70 is used for feeding the dielectric patch 20, expanding the bandwidth of the antenna 100, the second dielectric substrate 80 is arranged on a surface of the ground plate 40 relative to the second surface 102, the second dielectric substrate 80 is arranged in layers with the ground plate 40, the dielectric substrate 10 and the dielectric patch 20, further, the feeding structure 50 is arranged on the second dielectric substrate 80, after the above structure is arranged in layers, the antenna 100 with adjustable working frequency is obtained.

[0030] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 The dielectric patch 20 is provided with a first recess 201 and a second recess 202, one end of the first recess 201 is provided with a first opening 211, the second recess 202 is arranged at intervals with the first recess 201, the second recess 202 is provided with a second opening 212, please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 4 is a current distribution diagram of the dielectric patch 20, Figure 5 is a current distribution after the first recess 201 and the second recess 202 are arranged, the radiation edge current of the dielectric patch 20 radiates upward and downward, the broken current causes the frequency of the antenna 100 to deviate, by arranging the first recess 201 and the second recess 202, the current distribution and the electric field distribution of the dielectric patch 20 are changed and prolonged, so that the frequency of the antenna 100 changes, it is known from Figure 5 that the frequency of the antenna 100 changes, the purpose of adjusting the working frequency of the antenna 100 is achieved, and the gain of the antenna 100 is improved.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the size of the dielectric patch 20 is length = 0.14 mm, width = 17 mm, thickness = 1.1 mm, and the dielectric constant DK of the dielectric patch 20 is 90.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the first groove 201 and the second groove 202 are spaced apart by 10 mm, so that the antenna 100 has better signal receiving capability.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 7 One end of the adjusting assembly 30 abuts against the bottom of the first groove 201, and the other end of the adjusting assembly 30 extends out of the first opening 211. The adjusting assembly 30 can be moved forward or backward along the direction of the first opening 211 to change the length of the first groove 201. Specifically, the adjusting assembly 30 includes a plurality of first filling blocks 302 and a first metal piece 301. The plurality of first filling blocks 302 are sequentially filled in the first groove 201. One end of the first metal piece 301 abuts against one of the first filling blocks 302, and the other end of the first metal piece 301 extends out of the first opening 211. In order to enable the antenna 100 to adjust different working frequency bands according to different scenarios, a plurality of first filling blocks 302 are provided, and the lengths of the plurality of first filling blocks 302 are different, for example, one first filling block 302 has a length of 1 mm, one first filling block 302 has a length of 2 mm, and one first filling block 302 has a length of 3 mm. One end of the first metal piece 301 abuts against one of the first filling blocks 302, and the other end of the first metal piece 301 extends out of the first opening 211. When it is necessary to adjust the frequency band according to different use scenarios, one of the first filling blocks 302 can be taken out or added according to actual conditions. One end of the first metal piece 301 abuts against one of the first filling blocks 302, and the other end of the first metal piece 301 extends out of the first opening 211, which facilitates adjustment of the working frequency of the antenna 100.

[0034] Please continue to refer to Figure 7The second adjusting assembly 60 is abutted at one end against the bottom of the second groove 202, and extended at the other end out of the second opening 212. The second adjusting assembly 60 can be moved forward or backward along the direction of the second opening 212 to change the length of the second groove 202. Specifically, the second adjusting assembly 60 includes a plurality of second filling blocks 602 and a second metal piece 601. The plurality of second filling blocks 602 are sequentially filled in the second groove 202. One end of the second metal piece 601 is abutted against one of the second filling blocks 602, and the other end of the second metal piece 601 is extended out of the second opening 212. In order to enable the antenna 100 to adjust different working frequency bands according to different scenarios, a plurality of second filling blocks 602 are provided, and the lengths of the plurality of second filling blocks 602 are different, for example, one second filling block 602 has a length of 1 mm, one second filling block 602 has a length of 2 mm, and one second filling block 602 has a length of 3 mm. One end of the second metal piece 601 is abutted against one of the second filling blocks 602, and the other end of the second metal piece 601 is extended out of the second opening 212. When it is needed to adjust the frequency band according to different use scenarios, one of the second filling blocks 602 can be taken out or added according to the actual situation, and the second metal piece 601 is abutted against one of the second filling blocks 602, so that the working frequency of the antenna 100 is conveniently adjusted.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the first filling block 302 and the second filling block 602 are made of the same material as the dielectric substrate 10.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 8The medium substrate 10 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 103 and a plurality of second through holes 104, the feeding assembly 70 includes a plurality of first metal columns 701 and a plurality of second metal columns 702, one first metal column 701 is arranged in one first through hole 103, one end of one first metal column 701 abuts against one first filling block 302, one end of one first metal column 701 abuts against the first metal piece 301, electromagnetic wave energy is fed to the medium patch 20 through the first metal column 701, so that the antenna 100 produces different resonances at different frequency points to expand the bandwidth of the antenna 100, the electromagnetic wave energy is fed to the first metal piece 301 through the first metal column 701, and then the first metal piece 301 can adjust the working frequency of the antenna when moving forward and backward along the direction of the first opening 211, the working bandwidth of the antenna 100 is related to the size and position of the medium substrate 10 and the first through hole 103, and can be adjusted according to actual needs. Further, one second metal column 702 is arranged in one second through hole 104, one end of one second metal column 702 abuts against one second filling block 602, one end of one second metal column 702 abuts against the second metal piece 601, electromagnetic wave energy is fed to the medium patch 20 through the second metal column 702, so that the antenna 100 produces different resonances at different frequency points to expand the bandwidth of the antenna 100, the electromagnetic wave energy is fed to the second metal piece 601 through the second metal column 702, and then the second metal piece 601 can adjust the working frequency of the antenna 100 when moving forward and backward along the direction of the second opening 212, the working bandwidth of the antenna 100 is related to the size and position of the medium substrate 10 and the second through hole 104, and can be more specifically adjusted according to actual needs, so that the working frequency of the antenna 100 is adjusted more accurately.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna 100, which comprises a dielectric substrate 10, a dielectric patch 20, an adjusting assembly 30, a ground plate 40 and a feed structure 50, the dielectric substrate 10 comprises a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 arranged oppositely; the dielectric patch 20 is arranged on the first surface 101, the dielectric patch 20 is provided with a first groove 201, one end of the first groove 201 is provided with a first opening 211; one end of the adjusting assembly 30 abuts the groove bottom of the first groove 201, the other end of the adjusting assembly 30 extends out from the first opening 211, the adjusting assembly 30 can be moved forward or backward along the direction of the first opening 211, so as to change the length of the first groove 201; the ground plate 40 is arranged on the second surface 102, the ground plate 40 is provided with a gap for coupling with the dielectric patch 20; the feed structure 50 is arranged on the second surface 102, the antenna 100 is a laminated structure, each layer of material is thin, so that the profile of the antenna 100 is low, the first groove 201 is opened on the dielectric patch 20, the current distribution and the field distribution of the antenna 100 are changed, the adjusting assembly 30 is moved forward or backward according to the use scene, the length of the first groove 201 is changed, and the frequency and the bandwidth of the antenna 100 are adjusted, and the gain of the antenna 100 is improved.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna 100 unit, which comprises the antenna 100, and the specific structure and functions of the antenna 100 unit can be referred to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which comprises the antenna 100, and the specific structure and functions of the communication device can be referred to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here. The above is only the embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent range of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent flow transformation by using the content of the specification and the drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection range of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises: a medium substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely; a medium patch arranged on the first surface, the medium patch being provided with a first groove, one end of the first groove being provided with a first opening; an adjusting assembly, one end of the adjusting assembly abutting the bottom of the first groove, the other end of the adjusting assembly extending out of the first opening, the adjusting assembly being movable forward or backward along the direction of the first opening to change the length of the first groove; the adjusting assembly comprising a plurality of first filling blocks and a first metal piece, the plurality of first filling blocks sequentially filling the first groove, one end of the first metal piece abutting one of the first filling blocks, the other end of the first metal piece extending out of the first opening, wherein when the frequency band needs to be adjusted, one of the first filling blocks can be removed or added, the first metal piece abutting one of the first filling blocks, the first filling blocks being medium; a grounding plate arranged on the second surface, the grounding plate being provided with a gap for coupling with the medium patch; a feeding structure arranged on the second surface.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises a second adjusting assembly, the medium patch is further provided with a second groove, the second groove being arranged at intervals with the first groove, the second groove being provided with a second opening, one end of the second adjusting assembly abutting the bottom of the second groove, the other end of the second adjusting assembly extending out of the second opening, the second adjusting assembly being movable forward or backward along the direction of the second opening to change the length of the second groove.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of second filling blocks and a second metal piece, the plurality of second filling blocks sequentially filling the second groove, one end of the second metal piece abutting one of the second filling blocks, the other end of the second metal piece extending out of the second opening, wherein when the frequency band needs to be adjusted, one of the second filling blocks can be removed or added, the first metal piece abutting one of the second filling blocks, the first filling blocks and the second filling blocks being made of the same material as the medium substrate.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the medium substrate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, the antenna further comprises a feeding assembly, the feeding assembly comprising a plurality of first metal columns, one of the first metal columns being arranged in one of the first through holes, one end of one of the first metal columns abutting one of the first filling blocks, one end of one of the first metal columns abutting the first metal piece.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein the medium substrate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the feeding assembly further comprises a plurality of second metal columns, one of the second metal columns being arranged in one of the second through holes, one end of one of the second metal columns abutting one of the second filling blocks, one end of one of the first metal columns abutting the first metal piece.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein The antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate, which is arranged on a surface of the ground plate opposite to the second surface, and the second dielectric substrate is arranged in a stack with the ground plate, the dielectric substrate and the dielectric patch, and the feed structure is arranged on the second dielectric substrate.

7. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The first groove and the second groove are spaced apart by a distance of 10 mm.

8. An antenna unit, characterized by An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A communication device, characterized by An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images