A honeycomb sandwich structure of Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wave-absorbing composite materials, and particularly discloses a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material based on Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel and a preparation method of the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material, the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material is a multilayer structure, and from outside to inside, the multilayer structure comprises a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material wave-transparent skin, a honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer and a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material reflecting skin in sequence, and the honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer is a composite material honeycomb structure filled with a high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material.The honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material based on Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel, which uses a MXene composite aerogel material (the density is 2 mg / cm 3 ~15 mg / cm 3 ) and a light composite material honeycomb structure carrier, overcomes the defect that existing wave-absorbing materials are large in density, and has an effective absorption frequency band width of more than 10 GHz when the reflectivity is lower than -10 dB, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of wide-frequency wave-absorbing performance and light weight of wave-absorbing materials for aerospace vehicle equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of wave-absorbing composite materials, and in particular to a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material based on Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogel and a preparation method thereof. x The application relates to the technical field of wave-absorbing composite materials, and in particular to a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material based on Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogel and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A new generation of aerospace vehicles faces threats of omnidirectional single-station and multi-station detection by ground roadbed radars, sea-based shipboard radars, air radars, and space-based radar systems during service. In order to reduce the radar scattering cross-section target characteristics of equipment and improve the radar stealth and penetration capabilities, in addition to the design of the shape of the equipment, it is necessary to use high-performance wave-absorbing materials on the surface of the equipment. Meanwhile, considering the requirements of lightweight design of the equipment, the complex force / thermal load working conditions such as aerodynamic pressure and heating effect when the equipment is in the air, and the temperature resistance requirements of key scattering parts such as air intakes close to the heat source of the engine, the stealth materials used by aerospace equipment must meet the performance requirements of lightweight, high-temperature resistance, high strength, and wide-frequency wave absorption.

[0003] Although the currently reported radar wave-absorbing materials can achieve good wave-absorbing effects in specific frequency bands (most of which are X and Ku bands), there are still performance defects such as large material density, low mechanical strength, poor temperature resistance, and poor wide-frequency wave-absorbing capability. For example, the density of ferrite wave-absorbing materials can reach 4.9-7.6 g / cm 3 , and the effective absorption frequency band width with a reflectivity less than -10 dB is generally less than 8 GHz; carbon-based wave-absorbing materials such as carbon powder and ohmic loss type wave-absorbing materials such as conductive polymers have relatively low material density, but the effective wave-absorbing frequency band width is also mostly below 10 GHz, the long-time temperature resistance is below 200 DEG C, and they usually do not have mechanical bearing capacity; the wave-absorbing metamaterial composed of a periodic structure metal pattern and a polymer dielectric matrix has a wave-absorbing frequency width of more than 10 GHz after structure optimization design, but the matching material thickness is large when the wave-absorbing frequency is low due to the resonant loss wave-absorbing mechanism of the structure, the density of the metal pattern and the polymer dielectric matrix is high, and the temperature resistance and oxidation resistance are poor. It can be seen that the existing wave-absorbing materials still have obvious defects in terms of material density, absorption frequency band width, mechanical strength, and temperature resistance, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the radar stealth of aerospace equipment and the lightweight, high-temperature resistance, high strength, and wide-frequency wave-absorbing performance requirements of the complex force and thermal service working conditions of the materials. In order to solve the above problems and achieve the goal of designing and preparing lightweight, high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, and wide-frequency wave-absorbing multifunctional integrated wave-absorbing materials, the application discloses a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant resin-based wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material based on Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogel and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a Ti3C2T x The application discloses a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material of MXene aerogel and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides a Ti3C2T x The honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material of MXene aerogel is a multilayer structure, and sequentially comprises a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material wave-transparent skin, a honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer and a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material reflecting skin from outside to inside.

[0006] Preferably, the Ti3C2T x In the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material of MXene aerogel, the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material is Ti3C2T x The MXene / SiO2 composite aerogel material has a density of 5-15 mg / cm 3 The Ti3C2T x The mass ratio of MXene to SiO2 is 1:4-4:1.

[0007] Preferably, the Ti3C2T x In the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-frequency wave-absorbing composite material of MXene aerogel, the composite material honeycomb structure is a quartz fiber or aramid fiber reinforced polyimide composite material honeycomb, the thickness of the composite material honeycomb structure is 5-10 mm, the honeycomb hole shape is hexagonal, rectangular or triangular, the honeycomb hole side length is 2-10 mm, and the hole wall thickness is 0.2-0.5 mm. x The impedance matching property of the MXene / SiO2 composite aerogel material enhances electromagnetic wave absorption, and the combination of the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material and the honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer can improve the wave-absorbing performance of the composite material.

[0008] Preferably, the Ti3C2T xIn the honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel, the wave-transparent skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material is a quartz fiber or aramid fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material, and the thickness is 0.5-2 mm. The wave-transparent skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material provides surface encapsulation protection for the composite material, improves the surface impedance matching effect, and enhances the function of electromagnetic wave incidence.

[0009] Preferably, the Ti3C2T x In the honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel, the wave-transparent skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material is a quartz fiber or aramid fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material, and the thickness is 0.5-2 mm. The wave-transparent skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material provides surface encapsulation protection for the composite material, improves the surface impedance matching effect, and enhances the function of electromagnetic wave incidence.

[0010] The application also provides a preparation method of the honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel. x The preparation method of the honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) preparing a wave-transparent skin of a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material;

[0012] (2) uniformly stirring the Ti3C2T x The MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial aqueous dispersion solution and the aqueous silica sol are uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed solution. The fiber-reinforced polyimide composite material honeycomb is placed in a mold, and the mixed solution is poured into the mold to just immerse the honeycomb. After freezing and vacuum freeze-drying, a composite material honeycomb structure filled with a high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material is obtained.

[0013] (3) preparing a reflective skin of a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material;

[0014] (4) sequentially placing, from bottom to top, the reflective skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material, the composite material honeycomb structure filled with the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material, and the wave-transparent skin of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material, using high-temperature adhesive film between layers, and adopting a molding method of heating and curing adhesion to obtain a Ti3C2T x The honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel.

[0015] Preferably, in the preparation method, the concentration of Ti3C2T x The total concentration of MXene and SiO2 is 5-15 mg / mL, and the concentration ratio of Ti3C2T x The concentration ratio of MXene and SiO2 is 1:4-4:1.

[0016] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (1), the preparation of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin is specifically: the fiber cloth is regularly laid at a specific angle to a set number of layers, the fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding, heating and curing are performed.

[0017] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (1), the fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, and the regular laying at a specific angle is 0° and 90° alternating orthogonal laying, and the number of layers is 2-10 layers.

[0018] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (1), the curing and forming temperature is 280-300°C, and the curing time is 5-10h.

[0019] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (2), the Ti3C2T x The preparation method of the MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial aqueous dispersion liquid is: TiAlC2 ceramic particles of a MAX phase are etched by using a chemical etchant to obtain Ti3C2T x MXene, and Ti3C2T x MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial aqueous dispersion liquid; the chemical etchant is a mixed solution of an acid and lithium fluoride, the ratio of the acid to lithium fluoride is 10 mL: 1-5 g, and the acid is hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid.

[0020] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (2), the freezing and solidification method is freezing by using liquid nitrogen or being placed on a temperature-controllable semiconductor refrigeration plate or directly being placed in a refrigerator freezing environment.

[0021] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (3), the preparation of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is specifically: carbon fiber cloth is regularly laid at a specific angle to a set number of layers, the carbon fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding, heating and curing are performed.

[0022] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (3), the carbon fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, the regular laying angle is 0° and 90° alternating orthogonal laying, and the number of layers is 5-10 layers.

[0023] Preferably, in the preparation method, in step (3), the curing and forming temperature is 280-300°C, and the curing time is 5-10h.

[0024] Preferably, in the above preparation method, in the step (4), the high-temperature adhesive film is a 300 DEG C-resistant polyimide high-temperature adhesive film, the curing adhesive temperature is 280-300 DEG C, and the curing time is 5-10 h.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-band wave-absorbing composite material has an overall density of 0.3-0.6 g / cm 3 , uses MXene composite aerogel material (density of 2 mg / cm 3 -15 mg / cm 3 ) and a lightweight composite honeycomb structure carrier, overcomes the defect of large density of existing wave-absorbing materials, and has an effective absorption frequency band width of less than -10 dB of more than 10 GHz, and can meet the requirements of wide-band wave-absorbing performance and lightweight of aerospace vehicle equipment.

[0027] 2. The Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-band wave-absorbing composite material has a temperature resistance of up to 300 DEG C, has good high-temperature resistance, uses low-thermal-conductivity MXene composite aerogel material (thermal conductivity <0.03 W / m.K) and a composite honeycomb heat insulation structure, has good heat insulation performance, and meets the requirements of aerospace vehicle equipment on multifunctional integrated wave-absorbing materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant resin-based wide-band wave-absorbing composite material structure of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 is a SEM photo of the multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene particles prepared in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 is a TEM photo of the single-layer Ti3C2T x MXene nanosheet prepared in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 is a Ti3C2T x The reflectivity curve of the honeycomb sandwich structure of MXene aerogel-based high-temperature-resistant resin-based broadband wave-absorbing composite material.

[0033] Figure 5 is a Ti3C2T x The reflectivity curve of the honeycomb sandwich structure of MXene aerogel-based high-temperature-resistant resin-based broadband wave-absorbing composite material.

[0034] Explanation of main reference signs:

[0035] 1 - high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin, 2 - high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material filling phase, 3 - composite honeycomb structure, 4 - high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present application can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel-based honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant broadband wave-absorbing composite material as shown in Figure 1 is a multilayer structure, the direction of electromagnetic wave incidence is defined as the outer surface of the material, and from the outside to the inside, it is composed of a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin, a honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer, and a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin. The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin material is a quartz fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material with a thickness of 0.5 mm; the honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer is a composite honeycomb structure filled with high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material, and the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material is Ti3C2T x MXene / SiO2 composite aerogel material with directional pore structure, density of 5 mg / cm 3 Ti3C2T xThe mass ratio of MXene and SiO2 is 2:3, the composite honeycomb structure is aramid fiber reinforced polyimide composite honeycomb, the honeycomb hole shape is hexagonal, the side length is 5mm, the hole wall thickness is 0.2mm, and the honeycomb thickness is 10mm; the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is a carbon fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material, and the thickness is 1mm.

[0039] The Ti3C2T x The preparation method of the honeycomb sandwich structure of the MXene aerogel includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) Preparation of the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin: The high-temperature-resistant low-dielectric unidirectional quartz fiber cloth is regularly laid in 0° and 90° alternating layer angles to 4 layers, the vacuum bag assisted RTM method is used to complete the polyimide resin impregnation, the mold is heated to 300℃ for 5h to complete the curing forming, the formed composite plate is cut into a 300mm x 300mm transverse size by wire cutting, and the composite material surface is polished smooth by grinding or manual polishing, to obtain a 0.5mm thick high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin;

[0041] (2) Preparation of the composite material honeycomb structure filled with high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material:

[0042] 1.5g of LiF is dissolved in 30mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 9mol / L to obtain a mixed etchant of hydrochloric acid and lithium fluoride, 1g of MAX phase TiAlC2 ceramic particles with a particle size of 325 mesh are added to 30mL of the etchant, and the mixture is placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker and stirred at 3000r / min in a 30℃ water bath for 24h. Then the solid powder precipitate after etching is collected by centrifugation, which is a multi-layer structure Ti3C2T x MXene particles, as shown in the scanning electron microscope photograph Figure 2 ;

[0043] The precipitate is dispersed in 50mL of deionized water, centrifuged at 3000r / min for 5min to collect again for one washing, and the dispersion-centrifugation collection process is repeated until the supernatant PH>6 or the upper liquid is no longer transparent after centrifugation, i.e. the washing process is completed; the precipitate is dispersed in 50mL of deionized water, sealed and filled with argon protective atmosphere to isolate air, ultrasonically treated for 15min, and then centrifuged at 9000r / min for 30min to collect the upper liquid, which is a single-layer Ti3C2T x MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion, Ti3C2T x The transmission electron microscope photograph of the Ti3C2T Figure 3 MXene nanosheet is shown in the attached xA mixed solution of MXene nanoplatelets and SiO2 with a mass ratio of 2:3;

[0044] A size of 300 mm x 300 mm x 10 mm aramid fiber / polyimide composite honeycomb was placed in a custom-made groove mold with a metal bottom plate and edge sealing, the mixed solution was poured into the mold just to immerse the honeycomb, liquid nitrogen was poured into the mold to freeze, and the mixed solution in the honeycomb holes was completely frozen, and then it was placed in a cold well with a temperature of-40℃ and a vacuum degree of 10 -5 Pa, and dried in a freeze dryer for 5 days to obtain a high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material filled composite honeycomb structure;

[0045] (3) Preparation of high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin: unidirectional carbon fiber cloth was regularly laid at 0° and 90° alternate lay-up angle to 5 layers, vacuum bag assisted RTM method was used to complete the impregnation of polyimide resin, and the mold was heated to 300℃ for 5h to complete the curing forming, the formed composite plate was cut into 300mm x 300mm size by wire cutting, and the composite material surface was polished smooth by grinding machine or manual polishing, to obtain a 1mm thick high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin;

[0046] (4) Overall bonding of honeycomb sandwich structure composite: high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin, high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material filled composite honeycomb structure, and high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin were stacked from bottom to top, 300℃ resistant polyimide high-temperature adhesive film was used between layers, and mold pressing and curing method was used to heat to 300℃ for 10h to complete the bonding and forming of each functional layer of the composite material, and then edge cutting and size finishing were performed, to obtain a Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material.

[0047] The Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material has an overall density of 0.3g / cm 3 , and the electromagnetic wave reflectivity at 1-18GHz is shown in Figure 4 As can be seen from the figure, the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material of the present embodiment has a reflectivity of less than-10dB at 7.69-18.00GHz, and a reflectivity of <-9dB at 3.58-7.69GHz, which has excellent wideband wave-absorbing performance.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material as Figure 1The shown is a multilayer structure, the electromagnetic wave incident direction is defined as the outer surface of the material, and from the outside to the inside, it is composed of a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin, a honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer, and a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin. The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin material is a quartz fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material with a thickness of 1 mm. The honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer is a composite honeycomb structure filled with high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material. The high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material is Ti3C2T x MXene / SiO2 composite aerogel material with a density of 10 mg / cm 3 x MXene and SiO2 mass ratio is 4:1, the composite honeycomb structure is aramid fiber reinforced polyimide composite honeycomb, the honeycomb hole shape is rectangular, the length is 10 mm, the width is 5 mm, the hole wall thickness is 0.5 mm, and the honeycomb thickness is 5 mm. The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is a carbon fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0050] The preparation method of the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-band wave-absorbing composite material based on the Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel of this embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Preparation of high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin: 10 layers of high-temperature-resistant low-dielectric quartz fiber plain cloth are laid according to the 0°, 90° alternate layer angle rule, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and the mold is heated to 300°C for 5h to complete the curing forming. The formed composite plate is cut into a horizontal size of 300mm×300mm by wire cutting, and the composite material surface is polished smooth by grinding or manual polishing to obtain a 1mm thick high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin.

[0052] (2) Preparation of high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material filled composite honeycomb structure:

[0053] Dissolve 2.5g LiF in 50mL 9mol / L concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixed etchant of hydrochloric acid and lithium fluoride. Add 2g of MAX phase TiAlC2 ceramic particles with a particle size of 325 mesh to 50mL etchant, and place in a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker. Stir at 3500r / min in a 50°C water bath for 24h. Then centrifuge to collect the precipitate of the etched solid powder, which is a multilayer structure Ti3C2T x MXene particles;

[0054] ​The precipitate was dispersed into 50 mL of deionized water, centrifuged at 3500 r / min for 5 min to collect the precipitate again to complete a cleaning, and the dispersion- centrifugal collection process was repeated until the supernatant PH was greater than 6 or the supernatant was no longer transparent after centrifugation, that is, the washing process was completed; the precipitate was dispersed into 50 mL of deionized water, sealed to isolate air, and ultrasonically treated for 15 min, and then the upper liquid was collected by centrifugation at 9000 r / min for 1 h to obtain a single-layer Ti3C2T x The MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion was added with an appropriate amount of aqueous silica sol to obtain a mixed solution with a concentration of 10 mg / mL, Ti3C2T x The mass ratio of the MXene nanosheet and SiO2 in the mixed solution was 4:1.

[0055] A size of 300 mm x 300 mm x 5 mm aramid fiber / polyimide composite honeycomb was placed in a customized groove mold with a metal bottom plate and edge sealing, the mixed solution was poured into the mold to just immerse the honeycomb, the mold was placed in a refrigerator with a constant temperature of-18℃ for freezing, until the mixed solution in the honeycomb holes was completely frozen, then it was placed in a freeze-drying machine with a cold well temperature of-50℃ and a vacuum degree of 10 -5 Pa, and dried for 7 days to obtain a composite honeycomb structure filled with a high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material;

[0056] (3) Preparation of high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflector skin: carbon fiber plain cloth was regularly laid at 0° and 90° alternately to 10 layers, vacuum bag assisted RTM method was used to complete the impregnation of polyimide resin, and the mold was heated to 300℃ for 5 h to complete the curing and molding, the formed composite panel was cut into a size of 300 mm x 300 mm by wire cutting, and the surface of the composite material was polished smooth by grinding machine or manual polishing to obtain a 2 mm thick high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflector skin;

[0057] (4) Overall gluing of honeycomb sandwich structure composite material: the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflector skin, the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material filled composite honeycomb structure, and the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin were stacked from bottom to top, a 300℃ resistant polyimide high-temperature adhesive film was used between the layers, and a mold pressing and heating curing method was used to heat to 280℃ for 10 h to complete the gluing and molding of the functional layers of the composite material, and then edge cutting and size finishing were performed to obtain a Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material.

[0058] The Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material, with an overall density of 0.6 g / cm 3The electromagnetic wave reflectivity at 1-18 GHz is shown in Table 2 Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wideband wave-absorbing composite material of the embodiment has a reflectivity lower than -10 dB at 6.85-18.00 GHz, and has excellent wideband wave-absorbing performance.

[0059] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the application is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the application to the precise forms described. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The exemplary embodiments are chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the application and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the application and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the application be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high temperature resistant, wideband absorbing composite material based on a honeycomb sandwich structure of Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel. The honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant broadband wave-absorbing composite material is a multilayer structure, sequentially comprising, from outside to inside, a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material wave-transparent skin, a honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer, and a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite material reflecting skin, wherein the honeycomb structure wave-absorbing layer is a composite material honeycomb structure filled with a high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material; the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material is Ti3C2T x MXene / SiO2 composite aerogel material with a density of 5-15 mg / cm 3 , Ti3C2T x MXene and SiO2 in a mass ratio of 1:4-4:1; and the composite material honeycomb structure is a quartz fiber or aramid fiber reinforced polyimide composite material honeycomb with a honeycomb thickness of 5-10 mm, a honeycomb hole shape of hexagon, rectangle or triangle, a honeycomb hole side length of 2-10 mm, and a hole wall thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

2. The Ti3C2T x The honeycomb sandwich structure of MXene aerogel is characterized in that, The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin is quartz fiber or aramid fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material, and the thickness is 0.5-2mm.

3. The Ti3C2T x -based aerogel of claim 1, x The honeycomb sandwich structure of MXene aerogel high-temperature-resistant broadband wave-absorbing composite material is characterized by, The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is carbon fiber reinforced polyimide resin-based composite material or carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin-based composite material, and the thickness is 0.5-2mm.

4. A Ti3C2T x-based material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Ti3C2T x-based material is a MXene aerogel. x The application discloses a preparation method of a honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-band absorbing composite material of an MXene aerogel. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin; (2) Ti3C2T x The aqueous dispersion of MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial is uniformly stirred with the aqueous silica sol to obtain a mixed solution, the honeycomb structure of the fiber-reinforced polyimide composite material is placed in a mold, the mixed solution is poured into the mold to just immerse the honeycomb structure, and then the honeycomb structure is subjected to freezing and solidification and vacuum freeze drying to obtain a composite material honeycomb structure filled with the high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material. (3) preparing a high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin; (4) The high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin, the composite honeycomb structure filled with high-temperature-resistant MXene composite aerogel material, and the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin are placed in turn from bottom to top, high-temperature adhesive film is used between layers, and the method of mold pressing and heating curing is used for adhesive bonding to obtain a Ti3C2T x MXene aerogel-based honeycomb sandwich structure high-temperature-resistant wide-band wave-absorbing composite material.

5. The production method according to claim 4, characterized by, The mixed solution has a total concentration of 5-15 mg / mL of MXene and SiO2 x The mixed solution has a total concentration of 5-15 mg / mL of MXene and SiO2 x The concentration ratio of MXene and SiO2 is 1:4-4:

1.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step (1), the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite wave-transparent skin is prepared by alternately orthogonally laying fiber cloth at 0° and 90°, the fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding and heating curing are performed, the curing forming temperature is 280-300℃, and the curing time is 5-10h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step (2), Ti3C2T x The preparation method of the MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial aqueous dispersion liquid is: TiAlC2 ceramic particles of a MAX phase are etched by using a chemical etchant to obtain Ti3C2T x MXene, and then Ti3C2T x The MXene two-dimensional nanomaterial aqueous dispersion liquid; the chemical etchant is a mixed solution of an acid and lithium fluoride, the ratio of the acid to lithium fluoride is 10 mL:1-5 g, the acid is hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid; the freezing method is freezing by using liquid nitrogen or freezing on a temperature-controllable semiconductor refrigeration plate or directly freezing in a refrigerator.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step (3), the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is prepared by alternately orthogonally laying carbon fiber cloth at 0° and 90°, the carbon fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding and heating curing are performed, the curing forming temperature is 280-300℃, and the curing time is 5-10h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step (4), the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is prepared by alternately orthogonally laying carbon fiber cloth at 0° and 90°, the carbon fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding and heating curing are performed, the curing forming temperature is 280-300℃, and the curing time is 5-10h. In the step (4), the high-temperature-resistant resin-based composite reflective skin is prepared by alternately orthogonally laying carbon fiber cloth at 0° and 90°, the carbon fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or plain fiber cloth, polyimide resin impregnation is completed by using a vacuum bag assisted RTM method, and molding and heating curing are performed, the curing forming temperature is 280-300℃, and the curing time is 5-10h.

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