X-type sleeper single sleeper replacement device and sleeper replacement method

Abstract

The application provides an X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device and a sleeper replacement method, and belongs to the technical field of railway construction equipment. The replacement device comprises a sleeper clamping part and a ballast shovel. The sleeper clamping part comprises a traction rod, outer clamping columns and inner clamping columns. One end of each of the two outer clamping columns is connected perpendicularly to the two ends of the traction rod, and the two inner clamping columns are arranged in parallel and at intervals and have one end slidably penetrating the traction rod. The two inner clamping columns are located between the two outer clamping columns, and the inner clamping columns are provided with adjusting screw threads for fixing with the traction rod. The middle part of the traction rod is provided with a traction ring. The ballast shovel comprises a connecting plate and a protruding part. The connecting plate is used for connecting with a driving device, and the protruding part comprises two shovel tip plates. The two shovel tip plates are arranged at a first included angle and are connected with the connecting plate. The X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device and the replacement method can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway construction equipment, in particular to an X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device and a sleeper replacement method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Railway sleepers not only support the rails, but also maintain the position of the rails, and also transmit the huge pressure from the rails to the track bed, so the sleepers need to be replaced in time when damaged. For large-scale sleeper replacement, a special automatic sleeper replacement machine is usually used to replace the sleepers along the rail section. For small-scale replacement of individual sleepers, manual replacement is usually used to save cost and energy consumption.

[0003] In related technologies, when manually replacing sleepers, the sleepers to be replaced are usually pried apart from the surrounding ballast, and then pulled out from under the rails by a mechanical hand or a replacement machine in the horizontal direction.

[0004] The sleeper replacement method in related technologies is usually only applicable to conventional strip-shaped sleepers, and for X-shaped sleepers, compared with traditional reinforced concrete strip-shaped sleepers, the X-shaped sleepers have a larger contact area with the ballast, which can effectively utilize the resistance between the sleepers and the ballast to increase the overall stability of the line, and the larger contact area can improve the anti-sliding ability of the sleepers in the horizontal and vertical directions under long-term load, and reduce displacement. However, for X-shaped sleepers, since there are four cantilevers with an included angle, and the ballast is filled in the range of the included angle, the ballast in the range of the included angle of the sleeper cantilever is difficult to completely clean, and there is lateral resistance during pulling. At the same time, due to the large size and weight, the cantilever with an included angle is also prone to tilting relative to the pulling direction during pulling, causing contact and jamming with the rails and the ballast that is not completely cleaned. The construction personnel need to repeatedly adjust, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the replacement efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device and a sleeper replacement method, which can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of X-shaped sleepers. The technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device, which comprises a sleeper clamping part and a ballast prying shovel,

[0007] The tie clamping part comprises a traction rod, outer clamping columns and inner clamping columns, the outer clamping columns are provided in two, one end of the two outer clamping columns is connected perpendicularly with two ends of the traction rod, the inner clamping columns are provided in two, the two inner clamping columns are arranged in parallel and are spaced, and one end of the two inner clamping columns is slidably arranged in the traction rod, the two inner clamping columns are located between the two outer clamping columns, the inner clamping columns are provided with adjusting screw threads for fixing with the traction rod, and the middle part of the traction rod is provided with a traction ring.

[0008] The ballast scraper comprises a connecting plate and a protruding part, the connecting plate is used for being connected with a driving device, and the protruding part comprises two shovel tip plates, the two shovel tip plates are arranged at a first included angle and are connected with the connecting plate.

[0009] Optionally, opposite sides of the two outer clamping columns are provided with first clamping inclined surfaces, the first clamping inclined surfaces on the two outer clamping columns are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle line of the traction rod, opposite sides of the inner clamping columns and adjacent outer clamping columns are provided with second clamping inclined surfaces, the second clamping inclined surfaces are parallel to the adjacent first clamping inclined surfaces, the first clamping inclined surfaces on the two outer clamping columns are arranged at a second included angle, and the second included angle is complementary to the first included angle.

[0010] Optionally, two abutting protrusions are protrusively arranged on the side wall of the traction rod, and the two abutting protrusions are respectively located between the outer clamping column and the adjacent inner clamping column.

[0011] Optionally, the X-shaped tie single-tie replacement device further comprises a sliding rod, the sliding rod is arranged in the outer clamping column and the inner clamping column adjacent to the outer clamping column, the sliding rod is threadedly connected with the outer clamping column and the inner clamping column, and a fixed nut is arranged at the end of the sliding rod located away from the inner clamping column of the outer clamping column.

[0012] Optionally, the abutting protrusions are detachably connected with the traction rod, and the sliding rod is arranged in the abutting protrusion and is threadedly connected with the abutting protrusion.

[0013] Optionally, an anti-collision plate is arranged on the plate surface of the shovel tip plate.

[0014] Optionally, a rubber pad is arranged on the anti-collision plate.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tie replacement method, which is realized based on the X-shaped tie single-tie replacement device of the first aspect.

[0016] The connecting plate of the ballast spade is assembled with the ballast extractor, the two spade tip plates on the protruding part are used to remove the ballast within the angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper in the rail width direction;

[0017] The sleeper clamping part is arranged on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper in the rail length direction, two outer clamping columns and two adjacent inner clamping columns are used to clamp the two sleeper cantilever end portions of the target X-shaped sleeper respectively, and the inner clamping columns are locked by the adjusting screw buckle;

[0018] After the rails above the two sleeper cantilevers of the target X-shaped sleeper are lifted by the track trolley, the target X-shaped sleeper is pulled out from one side in the rail length direction by using the traction ring connected by the automatic winch.

[0019] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] When the X-shaped sleeper replacement device is used to replace the X-shaped sleeper, the ballast spade can be used to stably remove the ballast within the angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper in the rail width direction, thereby reducing the lateral resistance of the target X-shaped sleeper when pulled out below the rail. The sleeper clamping part can be used to clamp and fix the two sleeper cantilever end portions of the target X-shaped sleeper. When the traction ring on the traction rod is pulled out by the automatic winch, the two sleeper cantilever end portions are uniformly stressed, the target X-shaped sleeper can be stably pulled out from one side in the rail length direction, the X-shaped structure can be prevented from being stuck due to inclination and deviation, and the replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper can be effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of the sleeper clamping part provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side of the sleeper clamping part provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ballast spade provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4is a cooperation structure diagram of the tie and the tie clamping part when the tie clamping part works, provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 is a cooperation structure diagram of the tie and the tie clamping part when the tie clamping part works, provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 is a flow chart of the tie replacement method, provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1-tie clamping part; 2-tie ballast spade; 11-pulling rod; 12-outer clamping column; 13-inner clamping column; 14-adjusting screw; 15-abutting protruding block; 16-sliding rod; 21-connection plate; 22-protruding part; 111-pulling ring; 121-first clamping inclined surface; 131-second clamping inclined surface; 161-fixing nut; 221-shovel tip plate; 2211-anti-collision plate; 2212-rubber pad; a-first clamping angle; b-second clamping angle; m-X-shaped tie; m1-tie cantilever; m2-mounting groove; n-rail; o-winch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings.

[0031] In the related art, when artificial tie replacement is performed, the tie ballast around the tie to be replaced is usually pried apart, and then the tie is pulled out from below the rail in the horizontal direction by a mechanical hand or a tie puller.

[0032] The tie replacement method in the related art is usually only applicable to conventional strip-shaped ties, and for X-shaped ties, compared with the conventional reinforced concrete strip-shaped ties, the X-shaped ties have a larger contact area with the tie ballast, can well utilize the resistance between the tie and the tie ballast to increase the stability of the whole line, and the larger contact area can improve the anti-sliding ability of the tie in the horizontal and vertical directions under long-term load and reduce the displacement. However, for the X-shaped ties, since the four cantilevers with the included angle exist, and the tie ballast is filled in the included angle range, the tie ballast in the included angle range of the tie cantilever is difficult to completely clean, and there is lateral resistance during pulling. At the same time, due to the large size and weight, the cantilever with the included angle is also easy to tilt relative to the pulling direction during pulling, causing contact and jam with the rail and the tie ballast that is not completely cleaned, and the construction personnel need to repeatedly adjust, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the replacement efficiency is low.

[0033] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of one side of the tie clamping part, provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2Figure 6 is a schematic view of a stereoscopic structure of another side of a tie clamping part provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Figure 7 is a schematic view of a stereoscopic structure of a ballast spade provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 Figure 8 is a schematic view of a cooperation structure between the ballast spade and the tie when the ballast spade works provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Figure 9 is a schematic view of a cooperation structure between the tie clamping part and the tie when the tie clamping part works provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, through practice, an embodiment of the present application provides an X-shaped tie single-tie replacement device, which comprises a tie clamping part 1 and a ballast spade 2.

[0034] The tie clamping part 1 comprises a traction rod 11, two outer clamping columns 12 and two inner clamping columns 13. The two outer clamping columns 12 are vertically connected to the two ends of the traction rod 11 respectively. The two inner clamping columns 13 are arranged in parallel and are slidably arranged on the traction rod 11, and are located between the two outer clamping columns 12. An adjusting screw 14 is arranged on the inner clamping column 13 for fixing the traction rod 11. The middle part of the traction rod 11 is provided with a traction ring 111.

[0035] The ballast spade 2 comprises a connecting plate 21 and a protruding part 22. The connecting plate 21 is used for connecting with a driving device. The protruding part 22 comprises two spade tip plates 221, which are arranged at a first included angle a and are connected with the connecting plate 21.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device is mainly used for replacing sleepers of rails n provided with X-shaped sleepers m, the X-shaped sleeper m is composed of two sleeper cantilevers m1 connected in the middle and arranged in an "X" shape. In the length direction of the rail n, the first included angle a of obtuse angle is formed between the two sleeper cantilevers m1, and in the width direction of the rail n, the second included angle b of acute angle is formed between the two sleeper cantilevers m1. Two rails n are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the X-shaped sleeper m, and a single rail n is arranged on the section of the sleeper cantilever m1 with the second included angle b on both sides. When the X-shaped sleeper m needs to be replaced, the ballast on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the length direction of the rail n is first removed by manual or mechanical spading to provide space for the extraction and replacement of the X-shaped sleeper. Then, the connecting plate 21 of the ballast spading shovel 2 is assembled and connected with the ballast excavator, and the two spading tip plates 221 on the protruding part 22 are used to spade the ballast within the included angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction of the rail n. The two spading tip plates 221 with the same first included angle a can perfectly fit the two sides of the X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction. Thus, the ballast within the first included angle a range on both sides of the X-shaped sleeper m in the extraction path is completely removed, avoiding lateral resistance in the subsequent extraction process of the X-shaped sleeper m. Then, the sleeper clamping part 1 is arranged on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the length direction of the rail n, and the two outer clamping columns 12 and the two adjacent inner clamping columns 13 are used to clamp the end portions of the two sleeper cantilevers m1 of the target X-shaped sleeper m, respectively, and the inner clamping column 13 is locked by adjusting the screw buckle 14 to complete the clamping and fixing of the sleeper clamping part 1 to the target X-shaped sleeper m. Finally, after the rails n above the two sleeper cantilevers m1 of the target X-shaped sleeper m are lifted by the track jack, the automatic winch o is connected with the traction ring 111, and the target X-shaped sleeper m is extracted from one side in the length direction of the rail n by the power provided by the winch o. And the new X-shaped sleeper m is inserted along the same path and the ballast is backfilled to complete the replacement of the sleeper.

[0037] The X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device provided by the embodiment of the present application can stably remove the ballast within the included angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction of the rail n during the replacement of the X-shaped sleeper m, reducing the lateral resistance of the target X-shaped sleeper m when it is subsequently extracted below the rail n. Meanwhile, the sleeper clamping part 1 can clamp and fix the end portions of the two sleeper cantilevers m1 of the target X-shaped sleeper m. When the automatic winch o is connected with the traction ring 111 on the traction rod 11 to pull out, the end portions of the two sleeper cantilevers m1 are uniformly stressed, which can stably extract the target X-shaped sleeper m along one side in the length direction of the rail n, avoiding jamming due to inclination and deviation, and effectively improving the replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper.

[0038] Optionally, the opposite side of the two outer clamping columns 12 is provided with a first clamping inclined surface 121, the first clamping inclined surfaces 121 on the two outer clamping columns 12 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the traction rod 11, the opposite side of the inner clamping column 13 and the adjacent outer clamping column 12 is provided with a second clamping inclined surface 131, the second clamping inclined surface 131 is parallel to the adjacent first clamping inclined surface 121, the first clamping inclined surfaces 121 on the two outer clamping columns 12 are arranged at a second clamping angle b, and the second clamping angle b is complementary to the first clamping angle a. Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present application, between the adjacent outer clamping column 12 and the inner clamping column 13, by arranging the first clamping inclined surface 121 and the second clamping inclined surface 131 matched with each other, when the corresponding sleeper cantilever m1 is clamped, the first clamping inclined surface 121 and the second clamping inclined surface 131 can tightly fit the opposite two sides of the inclined sleeper cantilever m1, effectively increasing the contact area of the clamping surface, thereby improving the clamping stability, reducing the relative shaking of the sleeper clamping part 1 and the target X-shaped sleeper m during extraction, and effectively improving the replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device.

[0039] Optionally, the side wall of the traction rod 11 is provided with two abutting protrusions 15, and the two abutting protrusions 15 are respectively located between the outer clamping column 12 and the adjacent inner clamping column 13. Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present application, the sleeper cantilever m1 of the X-shaped sleeper m is provided with a mounting groove m2 for mounting the rail n. When the sleeper clamping part 1 of the present replacement device clamps the sleeper cantilever m1, the abutting protrusion 15 located between the outer clamping column 12 and the adjacent inner clamping column 13 will correspondingly extend into the mounting groove m2 on the sleeper cantilever m1, further increasing the clamping contact area. At the same time, during the external extraction process, the abutting protrusion 15 can also abut the side wall of the mounting groove m2 in the horizontal direction, further increasing the stress contact area of the external pulling force acting on the X-shaped sleeper m, and further improving the clamping stability and replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device.

[0040] Optionally, the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device further comprises a sliding rod 16, the sliding rod 16 is arranged in the outer clamping column 12 and the inner clamping column 13 adjacent to the outer clamping column 12, the sliding rod 16 is threadedly connected with the outer clamping column 12 and the inner clamping column 13, and a fixed nut 161 is arranged at the end of the sliding rod 16 away from the inner clamping column 13. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the abutting protrusion 15 and the traction rod 11 are detachably connected in a split manner, the sliding rod 16 is arranged in the abutting protrusion 15 and threadedly connected with the abutting protrusion 15 and the inner clamping column 13. By screwing the threaded sliding rod 16, the sliding rod 16 and the abutting protrusion 15 threadedly connected form a screw nut motion pair structure, the abutting protrusion 15 and the inner clamping column 13 can move relative to the traction rod 11 along the axial direction of the sliding rod 16 to adjust the relative position of the abutting protrusion 15 and the spacing between the outer clamping column 12 and the adjacent inner clamping column 13, so as to adapt to the installation and clamping of the rail sleeper cantilever m1 of different sizes, and improve the adaptability of the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device.

[0041] Optionally, the shovel tip plate 221 is provided with an anti-collision plate 2211 on the plate surface. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, when the shovel tip plate 221 contacts the side end surface of the X-shaped sleeper m during the cleaning of the ballast in the range of the included angle on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction of the rail n by the ballast shovel 2, the anti-collision plate 2211 can play a role of isolation and anti-collision to avoid damage to the shovel tip plate 221 caused by unavoidable bumps. Further, the anti-collision plate 2211 can be further provided with a rubber pad 2212 to play a role of shock absorption and vibration reduction, so as to avoid damage to the X-shaped sleeper m caused by bumps, and further improve the service life and working safety of the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device.

[0042] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a sleeper replacement method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6 , the embodiment of the present application further provides a sleeper replacement method, which is realized based on the X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device as shown in Figures 1 to 5 , and the sleeper replacement method comprises the following steps.

[0043] S1, the ballast located on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the length direction of the rail n is removed.

[0044] S2, the connecting part of the ballast shovel 2 is assembled and connected with the ballast excavator, and the two shovel tip plates 221 on the protruding part 22 are used to remove the ballast in the range of the included angle on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction of the rail n.

[0045] S3, the sleeper clamping part 1 is arranged on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the length direction of the rail n, and the two outer clamping columns 12 and the two adjacent inner clamping columns 13 are used to clamp the two sleeper cantilever m1 end portions of the target X-shaped sleeper m respectively, and the inner clamping column 13 is locked by adjusting the screw buckle 14.

[0046] S4, after the rail n above the two sleeper cantilevers m1 of the target X-shaped sleeper m is lifted by the track taker, the automatic winch o is connected with the traction ring 111, and the target X-shaped sleeper m is pulled out from one side in the length direction of the rail n.

[0047] The X-shaped sleeper single sleeper replacement device and the sleeper replacement method provided by the embodiment of the present application can stably remove the ballast in the angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper m in the width direction of the rail n by using the ballast shovel 2 when the replacement work of the X-shaped sleeper m is performed, so as to reduce the lateral resistance of the target X-shaped sleeper m when the target X-shaped sleeper m is pulled out below the rail n subsequently. The two sleeper cantilever m1 end portions of the target X-shaped sleeper m can be clamped and fixed simultaneously by using the sleeper clamping part 1. When the traction ring 111 on the traction rod 11 is connected with the automatic winch o and pulled out, the two sleeper cantilever m1 end portions are uniformly stressed, the target X-shaped sleeper m can be stably pulled out along one side in the length direction of the rail n, the jamming caused by the inclination deviation is avoided, and the replacement efficiency of the X-shaped sleeper can be effectively improved.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be interpreted as is normally used by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the description and the claims of the present patent application do not necessarily mean any order, number, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "one" or "a" or similar terms do not mean a quantity limitation, but mean that at least one exists. The terms "include" or "contain" or similar terms mean that the elements or objects appearing before the "include" or "contain" are covered by the elements or objects listed after the "include" or "contain" and equivalents thereof, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connect" or "connected" or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like only represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positional relationships can also be changed accordingly.

[0049] The above description is only optional embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An X sleeper single sleeper replacement device for replacing sleepers for a railway track (n) provided with X sleepers (m) comprising two sleeper cantilevers (ml) having a first included angle (a) of an obtuse angle between them in the length direction of the railway track (n) and a second included angle (b) of an acute angle between them in the width direction of the railway track (n), characterized in that, The utility model relates to a X type sleeper single sleeper replacement device, including: Rail tie clamping part (1) and ballast scraper (2), Rail tie clamping part (1) includes traction bar (11), outer clamping column (12) and inner clamping column (13), two outer clamping columns (12) are provided with, one end of two outer clamping columns (12) is connected with two ends of traction bar (11) perpendicularly respectively, two inner clamping columns (13) are provided with, two inner clamping columns (13) are arranged in parallel and interval and one end is slidably penetrated in traction bar (11), two inner clamping columns (13) are located between two outer clamping columns (12), and the inner clamping column (13) is provided with the adjusting screw (14) for being fixed with traction bar (11), and the middle part of traction bar (11) is provided with traction ring (111), Ballast scraper (2) includes connecting plate (21) and convex part (22), connecting plate (21) is used for being connected with driver instrument, and convex part (22) includes two shovel tip plates (221), two shovel tip plates (221) are arranged with first included angle (a) and are connected with connecting plate (21).

2. The X- tie sleeper single sleeper replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opposite side of two outer clamping columns (12) is provided with first clamping inclined plane (121), and the first clamping inclined plane (121) on two outer clamping columns (12) is arranged symmetrically relative to the center line of traction bar (11), and the opposite side of the adjacent outer clamping column (12) of the inner clamping column (13) is provided with second clamping inclined plane (131), the second clamping inclined plane (131) is parallel with the adjacent first clamping inclined plane (121), and the first clamping inclined plane (121) on two outer clamping columns (12) is arranged with second included angle (b), and the second included angle (b) is complementary to the first included angle (a).

3. The X- tie sleeper monosleeper replacement device according to claim 2, characterized in that The side wall of traction bar (11) is provided with two abutment bosses (15) in protrusion, and the two abutment bosses (15) are located between the outer clamping column (12) and the adjacent inner clamping column (13) respectively, and the abutment boss (15) is used for correspondingly extending into the installation groove (m2) on the rail tie cantilever (m1), to further improve the clamping contact area.

4. The X- tie sleeper monosleeper replacement device according to claim 3, characterized in that The X type rail tie single sleeper replacement device further includes a sliding rod (16) that is threaded through the outer clamping column (12) and the inner clamping column (13) adjacent to the outer clamping column (12). The sliding rod (16) is threadedly connected with the outer clamping column (12) and the inner clamping column (13). A fixed nut (161) is installed at the end of the sliding rod (16) away from the inner clamping column (13) on the outer clamping column (12).

5. The X- tie sleeper monosleeper replacement device according to claim 4, characterized in that The abutment boss (15) is detachably connected with the traction bar (11), and the sliding rod (16) is threaded through the abutment boss (15) and threadedly connected with the abutment boss (15).

6. The X-Sleeper Replacement Device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, An anti-collision plate (2211) is provided on the surface of the shovel tip plate (221).

7. The X- tie sleeper monosleeper replacement device according to claim 6, characterized in that A rubber pad (2212) is provided on the anti-collision plate (2211).

8. A method for replacing sleepers, implemented on the basis of the X-shaped sleeper single-sleeper replacement device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The rail tie replacement method includes: The ballast on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper (m) in the length direction of the rail (n) is removed; The connecting plate (21) of the ballast spade (2) is assembled and connected with the ballast excavator, and the two spade tip plates (221) on the protruding part (22) are used to remove the ballast within the angle range on both sides of the target X-shaped sleeper (m) in the width direction of the rail (n); The sleeper clamping part (1) is arranged on one side of the target X-shaped sleeper (m) in the length direction of the rail (n), two outer clamping columns (12) and two adjacent inner clamping columns (13) are used to clamp the end portions of the two sleeper cantilevers (m1) of the target X-shaped sleeper (m) respectively, and the inner clamping columns (13) are locked through the adjusting screw (14); After the rail (n) above the two sleeper cantilevers (m1) of the target X-shaped sleeper (m) is lifted by the track jack, the automatic winch (o) is connected with the traction ring (111), and the target X-shaped sleeper (m) is pulled out from one side in the length direction of the rail (n).

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