Self-restrained brake device and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a self-restricting brake device and a vehicle, which comprises a transmission shaft, a brake shell, a turbine, a pump wheel, a gear box, a first gear and a second gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically, to a self-restraining braking device and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Common braking devices include disc brakes and drum brakes. Both of these brake systems achieve braking and deceleration through frictional resistance between wear-resistant solids. However, during high-frequency continuous braking (such as downhill driving), especially in summer, the brake system can overheat, causing the brake pads to fail and resulting in brake failure and accidents. Furthermore, aging and wear of the brake pads also affect braking performance. In addition, traditional hard-friction braking systems are prone to skidding on icy or wet roads and also generate noise.

[0003] A hydraulic coupling is a non-rigid coupling device that converts mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy. It transmits the torque of the driving shaft to the driven shaft by applying force to the turbine through the pump impeller. According to Newton's third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Applying the reaction torque of hydraulic coupling to braking and deceleration is a novel approach, which this invention calls hydraulic reverse coupling. This new braking approach avoids the drawbacks of traditional solid friction braking methods, such as friction thermal failure, friction pad wear, and high noise levels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a self-restraining braking device. In this device's self-restraining structure, the pump wheel can move parallel to the axis. Mechanical movement of the pump wheel changes the distance between the pump wheel and the turbine, thus activating or deactivating the hydraulic reverse coupling counter-torque. Furthermore, the pump wheel and turbine are indirectly contacted by a liquid medium, avoiding solid-state friction, which facilitates heat dissipation and eliminates noise. In addition, this structure allows for gradual distance-change hydraulic reverse coupling counter-torque transmission, enabling stepless deceleration, with the hydraulic counter-torque remaining constant at a certain position. Preferably, this self-restraining braking device is on the same travel as the brake pedal, so that initially, the self-restraining braking device is triggered during the process of reaching about halfway through the travel. When the pedal is fully depressed, the auxiliary disc brake is activated, and the friction pads engage with the brake disc, indicating an emergency braking state.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A self-restraining braking device, comprising:

[0007] transmission shaft;

[0008] Brake housing, which is filled with brake fluid;

[0009] The turbine is installed inside the brake housing and is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The turbine does not rotate with the drive shaft and does not move axially along the drive shaft.

[0010] The pump wheel is located inside the brake housing and is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The pump wheel rotates with the drive shaft and can slide axially parallel to the drive shaft.

[0011] The gearbox is fitted onto the drive shaft and fixedly connected to the frame;

[0012] The first gear is located inside the gearbox and is fixedly connected to the turbine;

[0013] The second gear is located inside the gearbox and fixed on the drive shaft;

[0014] A transmission gear, fixed to the gearbox, meshes between the first gear and the second gear. The rotation of the transmission shaft drives the pump wheel to rotate, and the pump wheel and the turbine rotate in opposite directions. During operation, the turbine and the first gear rotate in the same direction, the pump wheel and the second gear rotate in the same direction as the transmission shaft, but the transmission gear causes the first gear and the second gear to rotate in opposite directions, meaning the pump wheel and the turbine rotate in opposite directions.

[0015] Specifically, the aforementioned drive shaft has a limiting protrusion, a rotation limiting protrusion, and an elastic element. The limiting protrusion prevents the turbine from moving axially, the rotation limiting protrusion ensures that the pump wheel rotates in the same direction as the drive shaft, and the elastic element is fixed on the drive shaft between the limiting protrusion and the pump wheel.

[0016] As a preferred option, the aforementioned elastic element is a helical spring.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the brake housing is provided with heat dissipation fins, which helps to transfer the heat generated by the high-speed rotating turbine, pump wheel and oil friction in the cavity during braking to the air.

[0018] Specifically, the aforementioned self-restraining braking device further includes: a gear shaft, one end of which is fixed to the gearbox, and the other end of which is slidably connected to the transmission shaft via a sleeve. The transmission gear is fixed to the gear shaft bearing and meshes with the first gear and the second gear.

[0019] Specifically, in this self-restraining braking device, the aforementioned pump wheel is connected to the vehicle's brake pedal, and the brake pedal controls the pump wheel to move parallel to the drive shaft. The distance between the turbine and the pump wheel is controlled by the depth of the pedal being pressed down, that is, the magnitude of the vortex force between the turbine and the pump wheel gradually changes according to the depth of the pedal being pressed down.

[0020] Specifically, in this self-restraining braking device, the inner wall of the pump wheel is a blade structure, and a hollow pump wheel shaft extends from the central shaft of the pump wheel. The pump wheel shaft is slidably connected to the transmission shaft. The pump wheel and the transmission shaft rotate in the same direction and can slide parallel to each other along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

[0021] Specifically, in this self-restraining braking device, the inner wall of the turbine is a blade structure, and a hollow turbine shaft extends from the central shaft of the turbine, which is slidably connected to the drive shaft.

[0022] Specifically, in this self-restraining braking device, the gearbox is fixed between the brake housing and the vehicle frame.

[0023] This application also provides a vehicle that includes a self-restraining braking device according to any of the above-described solutions.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the self-restraining braking device and vehicle proposed in this application feature a pump impeller in a hydraulic reverse coupling structure that can move in parallel. The distance between the pump impeller and turbine is changed by mechanically moving the pump impeller to activate or deactivate the hydraulic reverse coupling counter-torque effect. Furthermore, the pump impeller and turbine are indirectly contacted by a liquid medium, avoiding hard friction between solids and facilitating heat dissipation. In addition, the adjustable distance hydraulic transmission can achieve stepless deceleration. Utilizing the resisting torque generated by hydraulic reverse coupling to counteract the rotational kinetic energy of the tires can solve the safety problems, noise problems, and skidding problems on icy roads caused by frequent braking leading to brake pad frictional thermal failure and tire combustion due to poor heat dissipation, which are common in drum brakes used in large trucks. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the transmission shaft portion of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an internal structural diagram of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the maximum reaction torque state of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The above-described solution will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments may be further adjusted according to the conditions of specific manufacturers, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally those in routine experiments.

[0032] This application discloses a self-restraining braking device, comprising: a drive shaft; a brake housing filled with brake fluid; a turbine disposed within the brake housing; a pump wheel disposed within the brake housing; a gearbox mounted on the drive shaft and fixedly connected to the vehicle frame; a first gear disposed within the gearbox and fixedly connected to the turbine; a second gear disposed within the gearbox and fixedly mounted on the drive shaft; and a transmission gear fixedly mounted on the gearbox and meshing between the first and second gears. During operation, the turbine and the first gear rotate in the same direction, while the pump wheel and the second gear rotate in the same direction as the drive shaft. Due to the action of the transmission gear, the first and second gears rotate in opposite directions, i.e., the pump wheel and the turbine rotate in opposite directions. Compared with existing technologies, the self-restraining braking device and vehicle proposed in this application feature a pump impeller that can move in parallel within the hydraulic reverse coupling structure. The distance between the pump impeller and the turbine is changed by mechanically moving the pump impeller to activate or deactivate the hydraulic reverse coupling effect. Furthermore, the pump impeller and turbine are indirectly contacted by a liquid medium, avoiding solid-state friction and facilitating heat dissipation. In addition, the adjustable distance hydraulic transmission can achieve stepless deceleration. Utilizing the resisting torque generated by hydraulic reverse coupling to counteract the rotational kinetic energy of the tires can solve the safety problems, noise problems, and skidding problems on icy roads caused by frequent braking leading to brake pad frictional thermal failure and tire combustion due to poor heat dissipation, which are common in drum brakes used in large trucks.

[0033] Please refer to the following. Figures 1 to 3 The self-restraining braking device of the present application embodiments will be described in detail below. Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the transmission shaft portion of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the self-restraining braking device of this application, which conceals the brake housing 3 and the gearbox 4.

[0034] A self-restraining braking device, comprising:

[0035] A drive shaft 1 is provided with a limiting protrusion 1(a) for preventing the slidably connected turbine 6 from moving axially along the drive shaft 1. The drive shaft 1 is also provided with a limiting protrusion 1(b) for allowing the slidably connected pump wheel 2 to rotate with the drive shaft 1.

[0036] Turbine 6 has a hollow turbine shaft extending from its central axis. The turbine shaft is slidably connected to the drive shaft 1, and turbine 6 does not rotate together with drive shaft 1.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the turbine 6 is connected to the drive shaft 1 via a rolling bearing;

[0038] Pump wheel 2, with a hollow pump wheel shaft extending from its central axis, is slidably connected to drive shaft 1. Pump wheel 2 rotates in the same direction as drive shaft 1, but can slide along the axial direction of drive shaft 1. Preferably, pump wheel 2 is connected to drive shaft 1 via a sliding bearing.

[0039] Brake housing 3 is fixedly connected to turbine shaft, and brake fluid is filled inside brake housing 3. It is slidably connected to pump wheel shaft.

[0040] Gearbox 4 is fixed to frame 5;

[0041] The first gear 7 is fixed on the turbine shaft, and the first gear 7 rotates in the same direction as the turbine 6;

[0042] The second gear 9 is fixed on the drive shaft 1, and the second gear 9 rotates in the same direction as the drive shaft 1; the drive gear 8 is fixed on the gearbox through the gear shaft, and meshes between the first gear 7 and the second gear 9, so that the first gear 7 and the second gear 9 rotate in opposite directions, that is, the turbine 6 rotates in opposite directions to the pump wheel 2.

[0043] Preferably, the brake housing 3 is provided with heat dissipation fins, which helps to transfer the heat generated by the high-speed rotating turbine, pump wheel and oil friction in the cavity during braking to the air.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the self-restraining braking device further includes an elastic element fixed between the pump wheel 2 and the turbine 6, used to reset the pump wheel 2 closest to the turbine 6, thereby releasing the hydraulic reverse coupling state to continue driving. Preferably, the elastic element 10 is a helical spring, fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 1, and disposed between the pump wheel 2 and the turbine 6.

[0045] The following describes the operation of the self-restraining braking device according to an embodiment of this application using a specific braking process as an example. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 5 .

[0046] When the vehicle is in motion, the pump wheel 2 and the drive shaft 1 rotate in the same direction. Due to the action of the transmission gear 8, the turbine 6 rotates in the opposite direction to the pump wheel 2. Since there is a certain distance between the pump wheel and the turbine, the pump wheel and the turbine do not produce a reaction effect during normal driving and do not affect each other.

[0047] When the driver depresses the brake pedal to slow down, the hydraulic rod connected to the pedal pushes the pump wheel shaft, causing the pump wheel 2 to slide along the drive shaft 1 and approach the turbine 6. After moving a certain distance, due to the reverse coupling of hydraulic forces, the vortex generated by the turbine 6, rotating in the opposite direction to the main shaft, hinders the rotation of the pump wheel 2. Simultaneously, a resisting torque is generated between the first gear 7 and the second gear 9. The first gear 7 transmits this resisting torque to the transmission gear 8, and the second gear 9 also transmits it. Since the transmission gear 8 is fixed to the gearbox 4, and the gearbox 4 is fixed to the frame 5, this force is transmitted to the fasteners between the gearbox 4 and the frame 5, and is resisted by the reaction force of the fasteners. Then, the relative force of this resisting force is transmitted back to the second gear 9, and then back to the drive shaft 1. This cycle repeats, continuously slowing the drive shaft until the relative speed between the pump wheel 2 and the turbine 6 reaches zero, the resisting torque disappears, and the drive shaft 1 stops rotating, completing a process of eliminating kinetic energy through self-restraint.

[0048] Furthermore, since the distance between the turbine 6 and the pump wheel 2 is controlled by the operator, the size of the vortex between the turbine 6 and the pump wheel 2 changes gradually, thereby achieving stepless deceleration during braking.

[0049] This hydraulic reverse coupling brake device is suitable for various types of vehicles. As can be seen from the principle of a torque converter, adding a guide wheel allows the driven shaft to generate a larger torque than the driving shaft. Furthermore, the reaction torque of this invention is proportional to speed. In other words, the braking principle employed in this invention will result in a completely different situation from traditional braking devices: the vehicle will receive a higher braking torque at high speeds, and this reaction torque will gradually decrease as the speed decreases. Conversely, with traditional solid friction brakes, the surface temperature of the friction pads increases with higher speeds, resulting in lower friction. Therefore, this invention's brake will have more development opportunities in the field of heavy-duty vehicles where high friction is required.

[0050] Because of the lack of parking braking force, this invention can be used in conjunction with a traditional disc brake system, depending on the situation. The hydraulic reverse coupling brake device operates on the same pedal travel as the disc brake, with the disc brake pedal at the end of its travel. Thus, as long as the pedal is not fully depressed, the vehicle will only trigger this hydraulic reverse coupling brake device for braking and deceleration. When the pedal is fully depressed, the friction pads and brake disc engage tightly, preventing the vehicle from rolling backward.

[0051] It should be noted that the present invention can also be extended to the braking mechanism of any rotating machinery to meet the braking requirements of high frequency, high efficiency and low noise.

[0052] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this application, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this application and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A self-restraining braking device, characterized in that, include: transmission shaft; A brake housing, the brake housing being filled with brake fluid; A turbine is disposed within the brake housing. The turbine is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The turbine does not rotate with the drive shaft and does not move axially along the drive shaft. A pump wheel is disposed inside the brake housing. The pump wheel is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The pump wheel rotates with the drive shaft and is connected to the vehicle's brake pedal. The brake pedal controls the pump wheel to slide axially parallel to the drive shaft. The distance between the turbine and the pump wheel is controlled by the depth of the pedal being pressed. The pump wheel and the turbine are in indirect contact via a liquid medium. The gearbox is fitted onto the drive shaft and fixedly connected to the vehicle frame; The first gear is disposed inside the gearbox and fixedly connected to the turbine; The second gear is located inside the gearbox and fixed on the drive shaft; A transmission gear is fixed on the gearbox and meshes between the first gear and the second gear; The rotation of the drive shaft drives the pump wheel to rotate, and the pump wheel and the turbine rotate in opposite directions.

2. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft has a limiting protrusion, a rotation limiting protrusion, and an elastic element. The limiting protrusion prevents the turbine from moving axially, the rotation limiting protrusion causes the pump wheel to rotate in the same direction as the drive shaft, and the elastic element is fixed on the drive shaft between the limiting protrusion and the pump wheel.

3. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic element is a helical spring.

4. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The brake housing is equipped with heat dissipation fins, which helps to transfer the heat generated by the high-speed rotating turbine, pump wheel and oil friction in the cavity during braking to the air.

5. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A gear shaft, one end of which is fixed to the gearbox, and the other end is slidably connected to the transmission shaft in the form of a sleeve. The transmission gear is fixed to the gear shaft bearing and meshes with the first gear and the second gear.

6. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnitude of the vortex force between the turbine and the pump wheel changes gradually according to the depth of the pedal being pressed down.

7. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the pump wheel is a blade structure. A hollow pump wheel shaft extends from the central axis of the pump wheel. The pump wheel shaft is slidably connected to the transmission shaft. The pump wheel and the transmission shaft rotate in the same direction and can slide axially parallel to each other along the transmission shaft.

8. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the turbine is a blade structure, and a hollow turbine shaft extends from the center of the turbine. The turbine shaft is slidably connected to the drive shaft and does not rotate with the drive shaft.

9. The self-restraining braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox is fixed between the brake housing and the vehicle frame.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the self-restraining braking device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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