A method for forming a complex rotary body assembly by roll-bonding
By combining pre-placed brazing filler metal sheets with spinning and flanging in a vacuum brazing process, the brazing quality and surface quality issues of complex rotating components were solved, achieving efficient flanging and welding quality and improving the processing qualification rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA HANGFA SOUTH IND CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the flanging and brazing structure of complex rotating body components has problems such as poor brazing quality, poor surface quality at the flanging, and low processing qualification rate. In particular, it is difficult to operate in narrow spaces, making it difficult to guarantee welding quality and processing accuracy.
The method of pre-placed brazing filler metal sheet, spinning and flanging and vacuum brazing is adopted. Before flanging, the brazing filler metal sheet is pre-placed and flanging is performed using spinning equipment. Then, brazing is performed in a vacuum environment to ensure the spreadability and bonding quality of the brazing filler metal.
It improves brazing quality, reduces the impact of flanging force on brazing areas, achieves high operability in narrow spaces, significantly improves the surface quality and brazing pass rate of flanging areas, and avoids the occurrence of brazing cracks.
Smart Images
Figure CN116833499B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of flanging brazing technology, and in particular to a method for flanging brazing assembly of complex rotating body components. Background Technology
[0002] Aero-engine components have complex structures and high requirements for safety and reliability. Existing rotating body assemblies are composed of outer and inner ring components assembled by flanging on the left and brazing on the right. The inner ring component is usually made of high-temperature alloy with high strength, requiring high forming force for processing. The brazed structure on the right can only withstand limited deformation force. Using a structure that brazes the right side first and then flanging the left side is prone to cracking at the brazed joint. When flanging the left side first and then brazing the right side, the brazing filler metal spreads poorly on the brazing surface between the inner and outer ring components, making it impossible to guarantee the welding quality and resulting in a low brazing pass rate. At the same time, because the flanging structure is located in the groove of the outer ring component, the space is narrow and closed, making it difficult to operate with conventional bulging flanging. In addition, the flanging length is very short, making processing difficult and making it hard to guarantee the machining accuracy.
[0003] The invention disclosed in CN106475650A is a method for brazing an integral blade ring without a mounting plate. This method involves cleaning the components, assembling the blade, adjusting the gap size for brazing, using stainless steel sheet A to perform energy storage spot welding to fix the blade end faces, using stainless steel sheet B to assemble the inner and outer rings of the positioning parts, cutting the brazing filler metal, spot welding the shaped filler metal at the brazing points on the blade, placing the parts on a flat support plate, and brazing in a furnace according to parameters. The brazing quality is checked, and finally, the weld points are ground, stainless steel sheets A and B are removed, and all positioning welds are cleaned. However, this invention suffers from poor filler metal spreadability on the brazing surface between the inner and outer rings, resulting in unreliable welding quality and a low brazing pass rate. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for forming a complex rotating body component by flanging and brazing, and a rotating body component thereof, so as to solve the technical problems caused by poor brazing quality, poor surface quality at the flanging, and low processing qualification rate of complex rotating body components with flanging and brazing structures in the prior art.
[0005] The present invention adopts the following specific technical solution:
[0006] A method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly, the method comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1: Pre-placed solder sheet, the specific steps for placing the pre-placed solder sheet are as follows:
[0008] S1.1: The brazing surfaces of the outer ring components and the inner ring components are sandblasted and cleaned, and protective parts are used to protect the non-sandblasted parts;
[0009] S1.2: Perform nickel plating on the brazed parts of the inner and outer rings, remove the protective parts, and clean and dry the parts;
[0010] S1.3: Cut a piece of brazing filler metal approximately the width of the brazing step and the circumference of the step surface, and clean it. Position the cut piece of brazing filler metal at the brazing step of the inner ring component. The joint of the brazing filler metal is a 45° bevel.
[0011] S1.4: Apply brazing filler material to the bottom of the brazing part of the inner ring component at a 90° angle to the brazing surface, and assemble the inner ring component and the outer ring component into place to form a pre-brazed part;
[0012] S2: Spinning and flanging. The specific steps of spinning and flanging are as follows: The pre-brazed part from step S14 is loaded into the fixture, the pre-brazed part is pressed, the spinning equipment is started, and the fixture is rotated. The rotating wheel continuously feeds radially to press the flanging portion of the pre-brazed part, causing it to flare and form a spun and flanged part. The rotating wheel is withdrawn, the fixture rotation is stopped, and the spun and flanged part is removed. The fixture includes bolts, pressure plates, pads, a base plate, and positioning bushings. The fixture achieves accurate positioning by correspondingly installing the positioning bushings into the corresponding positions on the machine tool worktable. The pre-brazed part is placed on the base plate, the positions of the pressure plate and pads are adjusted, and the bolts are tightened to press the mounting edge of the pre-brazed part. Thus, the pre-brazed part is mounted on the machine tool using the fixture. The spinning machine is started, and the fixture can be rotated.
[0013] S3: Vacuum brazing. The specific steps of vacuum brazing are as follows: fill the brazing surfaces of the inner ring component and the outer ring component with paste brazing material, and use a feeding groove to accumulate paste brazing material on the radially concave part of the outer ring component brazing outer side wall. Dry the paste brazing material to obtain the component. Place the component in the brazing fixture and perform vacuum brazing cycle treatment on the component to obtain a rotary component with brazing and flanging structure.
[0014] Furthermore, the brush plating nickel operation in step S1.1 includes first brush plating special nickel, and then brush plating fast nickel.
[0015] Furthermore, in step S1.1, after the sandblasting process, compressed air is used to clean the sand particles off the surface of the parts, with the compressed air pressure ≤0.25MPa.
[0016] Furthermore, the forward voltage for the special nickel plating is 8V to 12V, and the plating time is 40s to 60s; the forward voltage for the fast nickel plating is 8V to 12V, and the plating time is 2min to 3min.
[0017] Furthermore, the spacing between the spot welds used for positioning in step S1.3 is 10mm to 30mm.
[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the jig rotation speed is 6 rpm to 100 rpm, and the rotary feed ratio is 0.1 mm / r to 1.5 mm / r.
[0019] Furthermore, the spinning equipment in step S3 is a conventional lathe, a CNC lathe, or a spinning machine tool.
[0020] Furthermore, the paste-like brazing filler metal is a paste-like brazing filler metal made by mixing 150-mesh BNi82CrSiB powder brazing filler metal and water-based binder in a mass ratio of 1:10, or an AMS4777 series paste-like brazing filler metal.
[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the drying temperature is 80℃~100℃, and the heating time is 20min~30min.
[0022] Furthermore, the vacuum brazing cycle process in S3 involves cyclic heating and holding in a vacuum brazing furnace. The specific steps of the vacuum brazing cycle process are as follows: The vacuum brazing furnace is heated to 600℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to 15℃ / min and held for at least 15 minutes. When the vacuum degree is ≤4×10-2 Pa, the temperature is then increased to 950℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to 15℃ / min and held for 10 minutes to 12 minutes. The temperature is then increased to 1050℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min to 10℃ / min and held for 18 minutes to 20 minutes. After holding, the temperature is cooled to 950℃ in the furnace, and then rapidly cooled to below 70℃ by purging with 1 Bar to 1.2 Bar of argon gas before being removed from the furnace.
[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0024] (1) The present invention uses spinning to flanging, which has good metal deformation conditions, small deformation force, and good surface quality, greatly reducing the influence of flanging force on brazing parts. At the same time, the spinning flanging tooling is simple, highly operable, and can realize flanging in narrow spaces.
[0025] (2) In this invention, brazing filler metal sheets are pre-placed at the brazing part before the flange is turned so that the inner and outer ring components can be smoothly assembled. Then, by reasonably adding paste brazing filler metal, the spreadability of the brazing filler metal is improved. The combination of the two greatly improves the brazing quality, improves the brazing sealing of the component, and eliminates the influence of the flange force on the brazing weld.
[0026] (3) The method for forming a complex rotating body component of an aero-engine by flanging and brazing of the present invention includes pre-placed brazing filler metal sheet, spun flanging and vacuum brazing; the above-mentioned method for forming a rotating body component by flanging and brazing solves the problems of unqualified flanging and brazing quality, poor surface quality at the flanging and high processing difficulty of complex rotating body components. The process is simple, feasible and reasonable, and highly operable. At the same time, the brazing quality is good and there are no cracks at the flanging, which significantly improves the pass rate of one-time flanging and brazing of complex rotating body components. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the complex rotating body assembly provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for forming a complex rotating component by flanging and brazing is provided by the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a rotary wheel to spin and flange the flange;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a physical object formed using the method of the present invention.
[0032] 1. Outer ring component; 2. Inner ring component; 3. Flanged edge; 4. Brazed joint; 5. Rotary wheel; 6. Fixture; 601. Bolt; 602. Pressure plate; 603. Pad; 604. Base plate; 605. Positioning bushing. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.
[0034] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Furthermore, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.
[0035] Example 1
[0036] This invention discloses a method for flanging and brazing assembly of complex rotating body components, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a complex rotating body assembly of an aero-engine. The outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 are assembled by flanging at the left side flange 3 and brazing at the right side brazing point 4. Based on... Figure 2The specific implementation steps of the complex rotating body component flanging and brazing assembly forming method are as follows:
[0037] S1: Pre-placed solder sheet, the specific steps for placing the pre-placed solder sheet are as follows:
[0038] S1.1: Blow corundum sand onto the brazing surfaces of the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2. The corundum sand particle size is 180 mesh to 240 mesh. After the sand blowing treatment, use compressed air to clean the sand particles off the surface of the parts. The compressed air pressure for sand blowing is ≤0.25MPa. Protective components are used to protect the non-sand blowing parts.
[0039] S1.2: Perform brush plating of nickel on the brazed parts of the inner and outer rings. The brush plating process includes first brush plating of special nickel, and then brush plating of fast nickel. The forward voltage for brush plating of special nickel is 8V to 12V, and the brush plating time is 40s to 60s. The forward voltage for brush plating of fast nickel is 8V to 12V, and the brush plating time is 2min to 3min. Then remove the protective parts and clean and dry the parts.
[0040] S1.3: Cut a piece of brazing filler metal approximately the width of the brazing step and the circumference of the step surface, and clean it. Position the cut piece of brazing filler metal at the brazing step of the inner ring component 2. The joint of the brazing filler metal is a 45° bevel.
[0041] S1.4: Apply brazing material to the bottom of the brazing part of the inner ring component 2 at a 90° angle to the brazing surface, and assemble the inner ring component 2 and the outer ring component 1 into place to form a pre-brazed part;
[0042] S2: Spinning and flanging, the specific steps of which are: Place the pre-brazed part from step S14 into the fixture 6, tighten the pre-brazed part, start the spinning equipment, and rotate the fixture 6; (e.g.) Figure 3 As shown, the pre-brazed part is pressed by the continuous radial feed of the spinning wheel 5 to make it flare and form a spun flanged part. The spinning wheel 5 is removed, the fixture 6 is stopped from rotating, and the spun flanged part is taken out. The speed of the fixture 6 is 6 rpm to 100 rpm, the feed ratio of the spinning wheel is 0.1 mm / r to 1.5 mm / r, and the spinning equipment is a spinning machine tool, which can also be replaced by a conventional lathe or a CNC lathe.
[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixture 6 includes a bolt 601, a pressure plate 602, a pad 603, a base plate 604, and a positioning bushing 605. The fixture achieves accurate positioning by correspondingly inserting the positioning bushing 605 into the corresponding position on the machine tool's worktable. The pre-brazed part from step S14 is placed on the base plate 604, the positions of the pressure plate 602 and the pad 603 are adjusted, and the bolt 601 is tightened to press the mounting edge of the pre-brazed part, thereby using the fixture 6 to mount the pre-brazed part on the machine tool. The spinning machine is started, and the fixture 6 is rotated.
[0044] S3: Vacuum brazing, the specific steps of which are as follows:
[0045] S3.1: Fill the brazing surfaces of the inner ring component 2 and the outer ring component 1 with a paste-like brazing filler metal. The paste-like brazing filler metal is a paste-like brazing filler metal made of 150-mesh BNi82CrSiB powder brazing filler metal and water-based binder in a mass ratio of 1:10. The paste-like brazing filler metal is also piled up in a feeding groove along the radially inward concave part of the outer ring component 1. The paste-like brazing filler metal is a paste-like brazing filler metal made of 150-mesh BNi82CrSiB powder brazing filler metal and water-based binder in a mass ratio of 1:10.
[0046] S3.2: Dry the paste-like brazing filler metal to obtain the component, place the component in the brazing fixture, and dry it at a temperature of 80℃~100℃ for 20min~30min.
[0047] S3.3: Perform vacuum brazing cycle treatment on the component to obtain a rotary component with brazing and flanging structure.
[0048] Step S3.3 involves cyclic heating and holding in a vacuum brazing furnace. The specific steps are as follows: the vacuum brazing furnace heats the material to 600℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to 15℃ / min, and holds it at that temperature for at least 15 minutes. When the vacuum degree is ≤4×10⁻⁶... -2 After Pa, the temperature is increased to 950℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to 15℃ / min, held for 10 min to 12 min, and then increased to 1050℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min to 10℃ / min, held for 18 min to 20 min. After holding, the furnace is cooled to 950℃, and then rapidly cooled to below 70℃ by purging with 1 Bar to 1.2 Bar of argon gas before being removed from the furnace.
[0049] Furthermore, in this invention, the inner ring component 2 is made of GH4169 material, with a left-side flanged structure length of 2.8mm and a thickness of 1mm. The outer end diameter of the flanged section 3 is 180mm, and the flange angle is 60°. The brazing joint surface on the right side with the outer ring component 11 is 10mm long and 187mm in diameter, with a brazing gap of 0.06mm to 0.10mm after assembly with the outer ring component 1. The outer ring component 1 is made of K423A material, with a left-side small end diameter of 149mm.
[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method of this invention uses spinning for flanging, which provides good metal deformation conditions, low deformation force, and good surface quality, greatly reducing the impact of flanging force on the brazing area and enabling flanging formation in narrow spaces. Furthermore, pre-brazing with brazing filler metal sheets at the brazing area before flanging ensures smooth assembly of the inner and outer ring components. The appropriate addition of paste-like brazing filler metal further improves its spreadability. The combination of these two factors significantly improves brazing quality and enhances the brazing seal of the assembly. In summary, the method of this invention solves the problems of substandard brazing quality, poor surface quality at the flanging area, and high processing difficulty in complex rotating body components. The process is simple, feasible, reasonable, and highly operable, while producing high-quality brazing with no cracks at the flanging area, significantly improving the first-pass flanging brazing success rate of complex rotating body components.
[0051] Example 2
[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that in Example 2, the brazing filler metal sheet is a 0.04mm thick BNi82CrSiB amorphous brazing filler metal sheet. The installation steps include: cutting a piece approximately 10mm wide and about the circumference of the step surface, with the interface of the brazing filler metal sheet being a 45° bevel and the gap at the interface not exceeding 0.2mm; using a P1200JQ energy storage spot welder with a voltage of 30V to position and braze the inner ring component 2, with the weld spot spacing being 10mm to 30mm; spot welding the brazing filler metal sheet on the brazing surface can better control the brazing gap and ensure the brazing quality.
[0053] Preferably, to ensure welding rate and brazing quality, two layers of brazing filler metal are spot-welded to the brazing surface. This creates a small interference fit between the inner and outer rings, ensuring brazing quality while also providing better coaxiality. Furthermore, the small interference fit between the inner and outer rings prevents them from loosening during component rotation, and allows them to rotate synchronously during spinning and flanging, preventing misalignment.
[0054] Preferably, to facilitate the combination of the inner ring component 2 and the outer ring component 1, the outer ring component 1 is placed in an oven for baking before combination. The baking temperature is 190℃~210℃ and the baking time is 20min~30min.
[0055] Preferably, in step S3 of this embodiment 2, the paste-like brazing filler metal is an AMS4777 series paste-like brazing filler metal. To enhance the brazing strength, paste-like brazing filler metal with a diameter of Φ3 to Φ5 mm is deposited in the filler groove at the brazing joint surface.
[0056] Preferably, in order to ensure the welding rate and sealing of the brazed joint, adhesive brazing filler metal is added to the bottom of the inner ring at a 90° angle to the brazing surface to avoid the formation of open welds due to the difficulty of the paste-like brazing filler metal flowing into this position.
[0057] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method of this invention uses spinning for flanging, which provides good metal deformation conditions, low deformation force, and good surface quality, greatly reducing the impact of flanging force on the brazing area and enabling flanging formation in narrow spaces. Furthermore, pre-brazing with brazing filler metal sheets at the brazing area before flanging ensures smooth assembly of the inner and outer ring components. The appropriate addition of paste-like brazing filler metal further improves its spreadability. The combination of these two factors significantly improves brazing quality and enhances the brazing seal of the assembly. In summary, the method of this invention solves the problems of substandard brazing quality, poor surface quality at the flanging area, and high processing difficulty in complex rotating body components. The process is simple, feasible, reasonable, and highly operable, while producing high-quality brazing with no cracks at the flanging area, significantly improving the first-pass flanging brazing success rate of complex rotating body components.
[0058] Example 3
[0059] In this embodiment 3, a complex rotating body component is obtained by using the flanging brazing assembly forming technology proposed in embodiment 1.
[0060] Preferably, in this embodiment 3, after the spinning and flanging step S2 of the method proposed in embodiment 1, the flanged part of the obtained flanged part is visually inspected, and a magnifying glass is used to check that there are no cracks in the flanged part.
[0061] Preferably, in this embodiment 3, after vacuum brazing in step S3 of the method proposed in embodiment 1, the following steps are added: Visual inspection, kerosene leakage inspection, and water overload inspection are performed on the vacuum-brazed rotating component. Visual inspection ensures that the maximum size of defects such as pinholes, pores, and incomplete filling of brazing filler metal on the brazed surface does not exceed 2mm, and the cumulative length of the defects does not exceed 25% of the total length of the brazed joint at the brazing corner. Kerosene leakage inspection shows no leakage after 30 minutes. Water overload inspection ensures a weld ratio of ≥75%.
[0062] Preferably, in this embodiment 3, the rotating body assembly formed by flanging and brazing using the method of the present invention is radially cut open to observe the cross-sections of its inner and outer annular parts, such as... Figure 4 As shown, according to Figure 4 It can be seen that the rotating body assembly formed by flanging and brazing using the method of the present invention has a well-formed flanging and brazing bond, which further demonstrates that the forming method of the present invention is feasible and effective.
[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly, characterized in that, The method Includes the following steps: S1: Pre-placed solder sheet, the specific steps for placing the pre-placed solder sheet are as follows: S1.1: The brazing surfaces of the outer ring components and the inner ring components are sandblasted and cleaned, and the non-sandblasted parts are protected with protective components; S1.2: Perform nickel plating on the brazed parts of the inner ring component and the brazed parts of the outer ring component, remove the protective parts, and clean and dry the parts; S1.3: Cut the brazing filler metal sheet and position the cut brazing filler metal sheet at the brazing step of the inner ring component by spot welding; S1.4: Apply brazing filler material to the bottom of the brazing part of the inner ring component at a 90° angle to the brazing surface, and assemble the inner ring component and the outer ring component into place to form a pre-brazed part; S2: Spinning and flanging, the specific steps of which are as follows: the pre-brazed part from step S1.4 is placed into the positioning fixture, the pre-brazed part is pressed, the spinning equipment is started, and the fixture is rotated; the pre-brazed part is spun and flanged using a spinning wheel to form a spun and flanged part; S3: Vacuum brazing. The specific steps of vacuum brazing are as follows: fill the brazing surfaces of the inner ring component and the outer ring component with paste brazing material, and use a feeding groove to accumulate paste brazing material on the radially concave part of the outer ring component brazing outer side wall. Dry the paste brazing material to obtain a rotary component. Perform vacuum brazing cycle treatment on the rotary component to obtain a rotary component with brazing and flanging structure.
2. The method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1.1, after sandblasting, compressed air is used to clean the sand particles off the surface of the parts. The compressed air pressure for sandblasting is ≤0.25MPa.
3. The method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brush plating nickel operation in S1.2 includes first brush plating special nickel, and then brush plating fast nickel.
4. The method for forming a complex rotating body assembly by flanging and brazing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The forward voltage for the special nickel plating is 8V to 12V, and the plating time is 40s to 60s; the forward voltage for the fast nickel plating is 8V to 12V, and the plating time is 2min to 3min.
5. The method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the spot welds in S1.3 for positioning is 10mm to 30mm.
6. The method for forming a complex rotating body assembly by flanging and brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp rotation speed in S3 is 6 rpm to 100 rpm, and the rotary feed ratio is 0.1 mm / r to 1.5 mm / r.
7. The method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinning equipment in S2 is a conventional lathe, a CNC lathe, or a spinning machine tool.
8. The method for flanging and brazing assembly of a complex rotating body component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The paste-like brazing filler metal is a paste-like brazing filler metal made by mixing 150-mesh BNi82CrSiB powder brazing filler metal and water-based binder in a mass ratio of 1:10, or an AMS4777 series paste-like brazing filler metal.
9. The method for flanging and brazing a complex rotating body assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature in S3 is 80℃~100℃, and the heating time is 20min~30min.
10. The method for flanging and brazing assembly of a complex rotating body component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum brazing cycle process in S3 involves cyclic heating and heat preservation using a vacuum brazing furnace.