Powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing, and discloses a powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding. It aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the powder feeding device has a complex structure, is inconvenient for maintenance and replacement, is prone to leakage during use, and has uneven material falling. The present invention includes a connecting component. On one side of the connecting component, there is an installation seat. The installation seat is connected to an inner cone component and an outer cone component which are nested inside and outside. A conical powder feeding cavity is formed between the inner cone component and the outer cone component. A laser light passing cavity is provided inside the connecting component and the inner cone component; a powder mixing cavity is provided inside the connecting component and the installation seat; several horizontal powder feeding channels are arranged inside the installation seat; several powder feeding ports are arranged on the upper part of the installation seat, and several powder dividing channels are arranged at the upper end of the inner cone component; the powder dividing channels communicate the powder mixing cavity and the conical powder feeding cavity. The present invention has the effects of simple structure, convenient processing, convenient installation and maintenance, good powder spot focusing property, high uniformity, high density, good cooling effect, and reliable powder feeding for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing, and particularly to a powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding. Background Art

[0002] Important parts of equipment in fields such as aerospace, engineering machinery, energy and chemical industries need to be surface-treated due to various performance requirements such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and hardness. Traditional treatment methods include electroplating, spraying, heat treatment, traditional laser cladding, etc. Among them, the most mature technologies such as electroplating bring great pressure to the environment during the production process and will eventually be replaced by new technologies. Traditional laser cladding is also affected to a certain extent in large-scale industrial promotion and application due to problems such as efficiency.

[0003] The emergence of ultra-high speed laser cladding technology has greatly improved the cladding efficiency and the quality of the cladding coating, enabling the large-scale promotion and application of laser cladding technology. This technology uses a laser to preheat and melt the coating metal powder sprayed at high speed onto the substrate before it reaches the substrate, thereby obtaining a cladding coating with high quality, low dilution rate, and low surface roughness. Therefore, there are high requirements for the powder feeding accuracy, convergence, powder speed, and long-term uninterrupted use of the powder feeding mechanism.

[0004] Existing ultra-high speed laser cladding powder feeding devices are mostly optimized uses of traditional laser cladding powder feeding devices. One type is a multi-beam powder feeding device, which feeds powder by the intersection of multiple powder beams. Each powder beam is independent of each other, and it is difficult to ensure the uniformity at the convergence point. Another type is annular coaxial powder feeding. The powder-carrying air flow ejected from each powder inlet enters the annular powder feeding channel horizontally or vertically and cannot be fully mixed. Or there are various powder mixing features. Due to the blockage of the powder-carrying air flow by the powder mixing features, local powder accumulation is likely to occur in the powder feeding channel, thereby affecting the powder uniformity at the convergence point. In severe cases, it even causes the powder feeding device to be unable to work for a long time.

[0005] Existing powder feeding devices often adopt the setting of adding a water cooling jacket to ensure effective heat dissipation of the powder feeding device during the cladding process, thereby ensuring long-term use. However, this makes the structure of the powder feeding device complex, inconvenient for maintenance and replacement, and various leakage problems are likely to occur during use. Moreover, the material falling is uneven, thus affecting normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the powder feeding device has a complex structure, is inconvenient for maintenance and replacement, is prone to leakage during use, and the material falling is uneven, affecting normal use.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding is provided, including a connecting component connected to the laser light output system on one side. On the other side of the connecting component, there is a mounting seat. The mounting seat is connected to an inner conical component and an outer conical component which are nested inside and outside. The taper of the inner surface of the outer conical component is not less than the taper of the outer surface of the inner conical component. A tapered powder feeding cavity that converges and shrinks from top to bottom is formed between the inner conical component and the outer conical component. The connecting component and the inner conical component are hollow inside and provided with a laser light passing cavity; the connecting component and the mounting seat are hollow inside and provided with a powder mixing cavity; several horizontal powder feeding channels communicating with the powder mixing cavity are arranged inside the mounting seat; several powder feeding ports corresponding to the powder feeding channels are arranged at the upper part of the mounting seat; several powder dividing channels that are circumferentially distributed and penetrate up and down are arranged at the upper end of the inner conical component; the powder dividing channels communicate the powder mixing cavity and the tapered powder feeding cavity;

[0008] The horizontal powder feeding channels are connected to a gas source. The gas source impact and the powder gravity are superimposed to form a vector force. Taking the angle of the vector force as the lead angle of the thread, a designed thread is formed. The height of the powder mixing cavity is greater than twice the pitch of the designed thread.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a ring-shaped step is provided on the lower end surface of the connecting component and is coaxially and cooperatively connected with the inner conical component.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the powder convergence focus of the tapered powder feeding cavity is 0 to 2 mm lower than the laser convergence focus of the laser light passing cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the diameter of the powder dividing channels is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a V-shaped groove is provided at the hole center of the powder dividing channels; a V-shaped counterbore is provided at the top of the powder dividing channels.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a notch is provided at the upper part of the mounting seat. Cooling water channels are arranged inside the side walls of the inner conical component and the outer conical component. The notch, the cooling water channels are communicated with the upper flange of the connecting component.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first sealing ring is provided at the connection of the cooling water channels on the upper end surface of the mounting seat, a second sealing ring is provided on the upper end surface of the inner conical component; a third sealing ring is provided on the upper end surface of the outer conical component.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first step is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member to achieve the coaxial installation reference between the mounting seat and the inner cone member and the isolation between the powder mixing chamber and the outside; a second step is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member to achieve the coaxial installation reference between the connecting member and the inner cone member and the isolation between the powder mixing chamber and the laser light passing chamber, and a third step is provided on the lower end surface of the flange of the connecting member for the coaxial installation reference between the connecting member and the mounting seat and the isolation between the powder mixing chamber and the outside.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of fastening and fixing through holes are provided on the upper end surface of the connecting member, and a plurality of threaded holes are provided on the upper end surface of the mounting seat. The threaded holes are used for fastening and fixing the connecting member and for coaxially connecting the laser light output system.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, positioning pin holes are respectively provided at the coaxial positions of the outer cone member, the mounting seat, and the inner cone member, and positioning pins are installed in the positioning pin holes.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] It has the effects of simple structure, convenient processing, convenient installation and maintenance, good powder spot focusing property, high uniformity, high density, good cooling effect, and reliable powder feeding for a long time;

[0020] The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to the embodiment of the present invention uses a horizontal powder feeding channel tangential to the circumference of the powder feeding chamber and a cylindrical powder mixing chamber to decelerate and helically mix the powder, so that the powder entering the powder mixing chamber from multiple powder feeding channels is completely mixed, and the difference in powder uniformity of each powder feeding channel can be eliminated; at the same time, the helical mixing can offset to a certain extent the phenomenon of uneven powder mixing caused by gravity due to the need to tilt the powder feeding nozzle at a certain angle for special cladding parts; the powder in the powder mixing chamber then passes through a plurality of powder distributing channels distributed along the circumference for secondary distribution, enters the conical powder feeding chamber, and is secondarily accelerated by the powder-carrying gas to reach the convergence focus point at high speed; the inclined treatment of the upper surface of the powder distributing channel makes the powder not easy to accumulate; thus, a powder spot with good focusing property, high uniformity, high density, and better working continuity is obtained, further making the generation efficiency of the cladding coating higher and the quality better;

[0021] A powder distribution channel is set up, and the powder feeding device is not prone to powder accumulation problems. Under the acceleration of the powder-carrying gas, the powder enters the conical powder feeding cavity with a large upper cross-sectional area and a small lower cross-sectional area and rapid contraction through the powder distribution channel, and is ejected from the bottom of the conical powder feeding cavity, converging at the focus to form a high-density uniform powder spot. Since the powder spot and the laser focusing point are defocused by 0 - 2 mm, the powder starts to absorb laser energy, preheat, and melt before reaching the powder spot focus, lengthening the interaction time between the powder and the laser. Therefore, when it reaches the workpiece surface, it can be fully heated and melted, thus greatly improving the quality and efficiency of the cladding coating, significantly increasing the powder utilization rate, greatly reducing the unmelted powder reaching the molten pool, and improving the surface roughness of the cladding layer;

[0022] The powder enters the powder mixing cavity through the powder inlet and the horizontal powder feeding channel tangent to the inner surface of the mounting seat and moves in a spiral deceleration manner, which can offset the influence of gravity on the powder mixing uniformity in the range of a certain angle (0° - 60°) between the inclination and the vertical direction of the powder feeding device. Thus, when the high-speed laser cladding head operates in more poses, it can ensure the consistency of the powder spot state, and thus ensure the consistency of the cladding layer;

[0023] A cooling water circuit that runs through all components from top to bottom is adopted. The cooling water circuit adopts multiple "Ji" - shaped channels running through up and down, which can enable all components of the powder feeding device to quickly take away the laser radiation heat, the heat radiated by the cladding layer and the substrate, etc. from all directions during the cladding process by the circulating cooling water, ensuring the stability of the working temperature of the powder feeding device; thus ensuring that the heat absorption conditions of the powder feeding device during the cladding process are consistent, not causing temperature changes in each powder feeding chamber, not leading to changes in the powder spot state, and ensuring the consistency of the cladding coating;

[0024] By setting the first sealing ring on the upper end face of the mounting seat, the second sealing ring on the upper end face of the inner conical component, and the third sealing ring on the upper end face of the outer conical component, and using an elastic rubber material, the cooling water circuit running through all components from top to bottom can be well sealed at the joints of each component, ensuring the effective operation of the cooling water circuit;

[0025] The first step and the second step on the upper end face of the inner conical component, the third step on the lower end face of the flange of the connecting component, and the corresponding matching positions are pressed. While ensuring that the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the third sealing ring obtain an effective compression amount, a good metal seal is obtained, so that the powder channel and the cooling water path from top to bottom and the protective gas path passing through the laser light - passing chamber are effectively isolated, ensuring the consistency of the powder channel state, and thus eliminating the influence on the powder state during the transportation process;

[0026] The inner conical component is provided with positioning pin holes, and positioning pins can be installed. The outer conical component and the mounting seat are provided with pin holes at positions coaxial with the positioning pin holes of the inner conical component up and down, which can play an anti - misalignment and quick installation and positioning role during maintenance disassembly, making the powder feeding device easier to install and maintain;

[0027] The powder undergoes spiral sedimentation in the mixing chamber, overcoming the technical problem of uneven material falling caused by direct sedimentation in the prior art. At the same time, using the principle of a centrifugal separator, the powder's path is relatively towards the outside, with a low resistance at the initial stage and little impact on the powder flow direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional structural schematic diagram of the A - A plane in

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional structural schematic diagram of the B - B plane in

[0031] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the inner cone component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged schematic diagram of area C in

[0033] Figure 6 is a perspective schematic diagram of the cooling water channel of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is an unfolded schematic diagram of the cooling water path of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting seat of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the outer cone component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connecting component of the present invention;

[0038] The names of each component in the figure:

[0039] 1 - Connecting component, 2 - Mounting seat, 3 - Inner cone component, 4 - Outer cone component, 5 - Inner surface of the connecting component, 6 - Inner surface of the inner cone component, 7 - Laser light - passing chamber, 8 - Outer surface of the connecting component, 9 - Outer surface of the connecting component, 10 - Inner surface of the mounting seat, 11 - Horizontal powder - feeding channel, 12 - Powder - mixing chamber, 13 - Outer surface of the inner cone component, 14 - Inner surface of the outer cone component, 15 - Conical powder - feeding chamber, 16 - Ring - shaped step, 17 - Powder - distributing channel, 18 - Powder - feeding port, 19 - Cooling water inlet, 20 - Cooling water outlet, 21 - Cooling water channel, 22 - Fastening fixing hole, 23 - First step, 24 - Second step, 25 - Second sealing - ring installation position, 26 - V - shaped groove, 27 - V - shaped counterbore; 28 - First sealing - ring installation position, 29 - Threaded hole, 30 - Third sealing - ring installation position, 31 - Fastening fixing through - hole, 32 - Third step. Detailed implementation mode

[0040] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0041] This example discloses a powder - feeding device for ultra - high - speed laser cladding, as Figures 1 to 10 shown, including: a connecting component 1 for connecting the laser light - output system of the laser, a mounting seat 2, an inner cone component 3, an outer cone component 4. The inner surface 5 of the connecting component 1 and the inner surface 6 of the inner cone component 3 form a laser light - passing chamber 7; the outer surfaces 8, 9 of the connecting component 1 and the inner surface 10 of the mounting seat 2 form a powder - mixing chamber 12; the outer surface 13 of the inner cone component 3 and the inner surface 14 of the outer cone component 4 form a conical powder - feeding chamber 15;

[0042] The upper port of the connecting component 1 is connected to the laser light - output system of the laser. There is a ring - shaped step 16 on the lower end surface of the connecting component 1, which is connected with the inner cone component 3 in a matching manner to ensure the coaxiality of the components;

[0043] Four (not limited to four) horizontal powder - feeding channels 11 tangent to the outer wall of the powder - mixing chamber 12 are arranged in the mounting seat 2;

[0044] The horizontal powder - feeding channel 11 is connected to a gas source. The gas - source impulse and the powder gravity are superimposed to form a vector force. Taking the angle of the vector force as the lead angle of the thread, a designed thread is formed. The height of the powder - mixing chamber 12 is greater than twice the pitch of the designed thread.

[0045] On the upper end surface of the inner cone component 3, a plurality of powder - distributing channels 17 distributed circularly and with the upper ends inclined are arranged; the powder - distributing channels 17 connect the powder - mixing chamber 12 and the conical powder - feeding chamber 15; and the powder - converging focus of the conical powder - feeding chamber 15 is 0 - 2 mm lower than the laser - converging focus of the laser light - passing chamber 7.

[0046] AsFigure 3 As shown, four powder inlets (not limited to four) are provided on the upper part of the mounting base 2, and powder inlet channels that communicate with the powder inlets and are tangent to the inner surface 10 of the mounting base 2 and have the same number as the powder inlets are provided inside.

[0047] As Figure 4 shown, a powder distributing channel 17 with a number of small holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm that are evenly distributed in a circle and penetrate up and down is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member 3; a V-shaped groove is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member 3 along the circumference where the centers of the small holes of the powder distributing channel 17 are located; V-shaped counterbores are provided at the tops of all the small holes that make up the powder distributing channel 17; As Figure 5 shown, the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped counterbore are used to form an inclined surface with a certain slope in the horizontal direction on the entire upper end surface of the powder distributing channel 17.

[0048] As Figure 6 shown, cooling water channels that penetrate from top to bottom are provided inside the side walls of the mounting base 2, the inner cone member 3, and the outer cone member 4, and a "Ji" - shaped connection is formed with the upper flange of the connecting member through the notch provided on the upper part of the mounting base 2 as Figure 7 shown, and it is connected through a V-shaped channel inside the lower half of the outer cone member 4, and is connected to the water inlet and outlet provided on the upper part of the mounting base 2, jointly forming a cooling water channel that spreads over the circumference of the powder feeding device and penetrates up and down.

[0049] As Figure 8 shown, a first sealing ring is provided at the connection of the cooling water channels on the upper end surface of the mounting base 2 for the connection and sealing of the cooling water channels that penetrate from top to bottom for each path at the inlet and outlet ends.

[0050] A second sealing ring is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member 3 for the sealing at the connection of the cooling water channel inside the mounting base 2 and the cooling water channel inside the inner cone member 3; a first step 23 is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member 3 for the coaxial installation reference of the mounting base 2 and the inner cone member 3 and the isolation of the powder mixing cavity 12 from the outside; a second step 24 is provided on the upper end surface of the inner cone member 3 for the coaxial installation reference of the connecting member 1 and the inner cone member 3 and the isolation of the powder mixing cavity 12 from the laser light passing cavity 7.

[0051] As Figure 9 shown, a third sealing ring is provided on the upper end surface of the outer cone member 4 for the sealing at the connection of the cooling water channel inside the inner cone member 3 and the cooling water channel inside the outer cone member 4.

[0052] The taper of the inner surface 14 of the outer cone member 4 is not less than the taper of the outer surface 13 of the inner cone member 3, which is used to form a tapered powder feeding cavity 15 that converges and shrinks from top to bottom.

[0053] As Figure 10As shown in the figure, a plurality of fastening fixing through holes 31 are provided on the upper end surface of the connecting component 1, and a plurality of threaded holes 29 are provided on the upper end surface of the mounting base 2. The threaded holes 29 are used to fasten and fix the connecting component 1 and to be coaxially connected to the laser light output system.

[0054] A third step 32 is provided on the lower end surface of the flange of the connecting component 1 for the coaxial installation reference of the connecting component 1 and the mounting base 2 and the isolation between the powder mixing chamber 12 and the outside.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting component 1 and the mounting base 2 are radially assembled and positioned through the third step 32 to ensure coaxiality, and are axially positioned and fixed by the threaded holes 29 and the fastening fixing holes 31 with screws; the inner cone component 3 and the outer cone component 4 are axially assembled, and are positioned and fastened through a plurality of countersunk V-shaped holes and cross-slot countersunk screws on the upper surface of the inner cone component 3; the component formed by the assembly of the inner cone component 3 and the outer cone component 4, as a sub-component, is radially assembled and positioned with the mounting base 2 through the first step 23 to ensure the coaxiality of the device, and is axially fastened and fixed to the threaded holes on the lower end surface of the mounting base 2 by screws passing through the through holes of the inner cone component 3 and the outer cone component 4.

[0056] The sub-component formed by the assembly of the inner cone component 3 and the outer cone component 4 can be disassembled and assembled integrally during maintenance and replacement, which can greatly improve the consistency of the conical powder feeding chamber 15, eliminate the differences introduced by manual adjustment during disassembly and assembly, and minimize the impact of the powder feeding device on the cladding process before and after maintenance and replacement, so as to ensure the stability of the cladding process and the quality consistency of the cladding layer.

[0057] Therefore, the paths of the powder-carrying gas and the powder in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: passing through the uniformly distributed powder inlets 18 on the upper part of the mounting base, entering the horizontal powder inlet channel 11 tangent to the inner surface 10 of the mounting base 2, and then entering the powder mixing chamber 12. The multi-path powder inlet is spirally decelerated and fully mixed in the powder mixing chamber 12, descends to the bottom of the powder mixing chamber 12, and all enters the powder distribution channel through the inclined surface composed of the V-shaped groove 26 and the V-shaped counterbore 27 on the upper part of the circumferentially distributed powder distribution channel 17 at the bottom of the powder mixing chamber 12 for secondary powder distribution. Since the bottom surface of the powder mixing chamber 12 is entirely an inclined surface composed of the V-shaped groove 26 and the V-shaped counterbore 27, all the powder can smoothly enter the powder distribution channel 17. Therefore, the problem of powder accumulation that is likely to occur in other powder feeding devices with similar channels is effectively solved. Under the acceleration of the powder-carrying gas, the powder enters the conical powder feeding chamber 15 through the powder distribution channel 17. The conical powder feeding chamber 15 has a structure with a large cross-sectional area at the top and a small cross-sectional area at the bottom and rapidly contracts. Therefore, the powder will continue to accelerate under the action of the powder-carrying gas and be ejected from the bottom of the conical powder feeding chamber 15, converging at the focus to form a high-density uniform powder spot. Since the powder spot and the laser focusing point are defocused by 0 to 2 mm, the powder begins to absorb laser energy, preheat, and melt before reaching the powder spot focus, lengthening the interaction time between the powder and the laser. Therefore, after reaching the workpiece surface, it can be fully heated and melted, greatly improving the quality and efficiency of the cladding coating, and also having an obvious effect on improving the powder utilization rate. Since the amount of unmelted powder reaching the molten pool is greatly reduced, the surface roughness of the cladding layer is also improved to a certain extent.

[0058] Meanwhile, the powder enters the powder mixing chamber 12 through the powder inlet 18 and the horizontal powder inlet channel 11 tangent to the inner surface 10 of the mounting base 2 for spiral deceleration movement. This movement can offset the influence of gravity on the uniformity of powder mixing within a certain angle range of 0° to 60° between the inclined and vertical directions of the powder feeding device, so that when the high-speed laser cladding head operates in more poses, the consistency of the powder spot state can be ensured, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cladding layer.

[0059] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cooling water circuit that penetrates all components from top to bottom is adopted. The cooling water circuit adopts multiple "Ji" shapes to penetrate up and down, enabling all components of the powder feeding device to quickly take away the laser radiation heat, the heat radiation of the cladding layer and the substrate, etc. from all directions during the cladding process by the circulating cooling water, ensuring the stability of the working temperature of the powder feeding device; thus ensuring that the powder feeding device will not have problems such as temperature changes in each powder feeding chamber caused by inconsistent heating conditions during the cladding process, resulting in changes in the powder spot state and further affecting the consistency of the cladding coating.

[0060] Meanwhile, by providing a first sealing ring on the upper end face of the mounting base 2, a second sealing ring on the upper end face of the inner cone member 3, and a third sealing ring on the upper end face of the outer cone member 4, all made of elastic rubber material, the cooling water circuit passing through all components from top to bottom can be well sealed at the joints of each component, ensuring the effective operation of the cooling water circuit.

[0061] Meanwhile, the first step and the second step on the upper end face of the inner cone member 3, the third step on the lower end face of the flange of the connecting member 1, and the corresponding mating positions are pressed. While ensuring that the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the third sealing ring obtain an effective compression amount, a good metal seal is obtained, so that the powder channel and the cooling water path from top to bottom and the protective gas path passing through the laser light passing chamber 7 are effectively isolated, ensuring the state consistency of the powder channel, and thus eliminating the influence on the powder state during transportation. Embodiment 2

[0062] The principle of this example is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The specific difference is that the inner cone member 3 is provided with positioning pin holes for installing positioning pins. The outer cone member 4 and the mounting base 2 are provided with pin holes at positions coaxial with the positioning pin holes of the inner cone member 3 up and down, which can play an anti-fooling and quick installation and positioning role during maintenance disassembly, making the powder feeding device for ultra-high-speed laser cladding easier to install and maintain.

[0063] Although some preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding, characterized in that: It includes a connecting component with one side connectable to the light-emitting system of the laser. On the other side of the connecting component, there is a mounting seat. The mounting seat connects an inner conical component and an outer conical component which are nested inside and outside. The taper of the inner surface of the outer conical component is not less than that of the outer surface of the inner conical component. A tapered powder feeding cavity that shrinks and converges from top to bottom is formed between the inner conical component and the outer conical component. The connecting component and the inner conical component are hollow inside and provided with a laser light passing cavity; the connecting component and the mounting seat are hollow inside and provided with a powder mixing cavity; several horizontal powder feeding channels communicating with the powder mixing cavity are arranged inside the mounting seat; several powder feeding ports corresponding to the powder feeding channels are arranged on the upper part of the mounting seat; several powder distributing channels that are circumferentially distributed and penetrate up and down are arranged at the upper end of the inner conical component; the powder distributing channels communicate the powder mixing cavity and the tapered powder feeding cavity. The horizontal powder feeding channels are connected to a gas source. The impact force of the gas source and the gravity of the powder are superimposed to form a vector force. Taking the angle of the vector force as the lead angle of the thread, a designed thread is formed. The pitch of the designed thread is less than 1 / 2 of the height of the powder mixing cavity.

2. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein, The lower end face of the connecting component is provided with an annular step, which is coaxially and cooperatively connected with the inner conical component.

3. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder focusing point of the tapered powder feeding cavity is 0 - 2 mm lower than the laser focusing point of the laser light passing cavity.

4. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the powder distributing channels is 1.5 mm - 2.5 mm. A V-shaped groove is arranged at the center of the holes of the powder distributing channels; a V-shaped counterbore is arranged at the top of the powder distributing channels.

5. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, A notch is arranged on the upper part of the mounting seat. Cooling water channels are arranged inside the side walls of the inner conical component and the outer conical component. The notch and the cooling water channels are communicated with the upper flange of the connecting component.

6. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is arranged at the connection of the cooling water channel on the upper end face of the mounting seat. A second sealing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the inner conical component; a third sealing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the outer conical component.

7. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein A first step is arranged on the upper end face of the inner conical component to realize the coaxial installation reference between the mounting seat and the inner conical component and the isolation between the powder mixing cavity and the outside; a second step is arranged on the upper end face of the inner conical component to realize the coaxial installation reference between the connecting component and the inner conical component and the isolation between the powder mixing cavity and the laser light passing cavity. A third step is arranged on the lower end face of the flange of the connecting component for the coaxial installation reference between the connecting component and the mounting seat and the isolation between the powder mixing cavity and the outside.

8. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple fastening and fixing through holes are arranged on the upper end face of the connecting component. Multiple threaded holes are arranged on the upper end face of the mounting seat. The threaded holes are used for fastening and fixing the connecting component and for coaxially connecting to the light-emitting system of the laser.

9. The powder feeding device for ultra-high speed laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Positioning pin holes are respectively arranged at the coaxial positions of the outer conical component, the mounting seat, and the inner conical component. Positioning pins are installed in the positioning pin holes.

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