A three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generated yarn and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn and its preparation method and application. The three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn is woven by a plurality of silver-plated conductive yarns and at least one flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn; wherein the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced and woven to form a woven structure, and a part of each flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is embedded in the woven structure under the weaving force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the woven structure due to stress relaxation to form a velvet loop structure. The preparation process of the present invention is simple and can be used for large-scale industrial production. The three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn of the present invention combines flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn with friction electricity. While ensuring excellent friction electric performance and energy storage performance, because the outer layer of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn is covered with a large number of soft flame-retardant velvet loop structures, it has excellent softness, comfort and flame retardancy and fire resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of textile technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generated power yarn and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a new type of wearable device that uses mechanical friction between fibers to generate electrical energy, thereby realizing energy collection and conversion. TENG technology has been widely studied and applied, especially in wearable devices and self-powered systems. The theoretical basis of TENG technology is triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction. When friction occurs between two textile surfaces, the charges between them will be rearranged to generate an electrostatic field. This electrostatic field can be used to generate current and drive electronic devices. TENG uses mechanical friction between fibers to produce charge separation and convert it into electrical energy. It has the advantages of flexibility, wearability, stretchability, and lightness, and can be made with textiles, thus providing broad application prospects in fields such as smart textiles. For example, it can be applied to wearable devices, smart textiles, smart medical care, smart homes, and other fields, providing self-powered solutions for these fields. At present, TENG technology has been widely studied and applied, not only in many successful cases in the laboratory, but also in some products that have been commercially applied. However, there are still some challenges to overcome for the research and development and application of TENG for firefighting. In order to meet the use requirements in special environments, it is necessary to develop a textile-based friction nanogenerator for firefighting. It needs to have excellent flame retardant and fireproof properties while ensuring excellent triboelectric and energy storage properties to effectively prevent the spread of fire and ensure safety and life in fire environments.

[0003] Chinese patent CN111519300A discloses an elastic friction nanogenerator yarn and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises: conjugating electrospinning polymers of different electronegativity separately, using elastic conductive fiber electrodes as receiving stages, obtaining elastic conductive fibers coated with polymer nanofibers of different electronegativity, and then interweaving and assembling. The elastic friction nanogenerator yarn obtained by this method has a large specific surface area, and its surface is a nanofiber structure, which is beneficial to increase the contact area of ​​the friction surface, thereby increasing the output power of the device. However, the electric signal intensity generated by the yarn of this invention in the pressed state is low, and feedback information cannot be continuously expressed, and the yarn does not have flame retardant and fireproof properties. Application in the field of fire carpets may even aggravate the disaster. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to propose a three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] The present invention discloses a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn, which is woven from a plurality of silver-plated conductive yarns and at least one flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn; wherein the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced and woven to form a woven structure, and a portion of each flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is embedded in the woven structure under the weaving force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, while the other portion is accumulated on the outer layer of the woven structure due to stress relaxation to form a velvet loop structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the silver-plated conductive yarn is silver-plated nylon sewing thread or silver-plated polyester sewing thread.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of the silver-plated conductive yarns ranges from 4 to 32.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of the silver-plated conductive yarns is an even number.

[0009] Furthermore, the flame retardant and fireproof yarn is polyimide yarn or aramid yarn.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the flame retardant and fireproof yarns ranges from 1 to 10.

[0011] A method for preparing the three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn as described above, wherein spindles wound with silver-plated conductive yarns are mounted on the braiding spindles of a high-speed braiding machine in pairs, the silver-plated conductive yarns are unwound from the spindles, and gathered at the axis of the high-speed braiding machine after passing through independent yarn guide wheels and tension wheels; the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarns are introduced from an automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder located at the axis of the high-speed braiding machine, and are placed on top of the silver-plated conductive yarns output by the spindles under adaptive tension control; under the programmed trajectory instructions of the high-speed braiding machine, the braiding spindles are divided into two groups of trajectories for circular motion, so that the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced and woven to form a braided structure, a part of each flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is embedded in the braided structure under the braiding force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the braided structure to form a velvet loop structure due to stress relaxation, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-speed braiding machine has a braiding speed of 10 to 1000 r / min, a braiding pitch of 1 to 10 mm, and a braiding angle of 0 to 90°.

[0013] Furthermore, the tension of the automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder is 0-10N.

[0014] An application of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn as described above in fire-fighting products.

[0015] The present invention adopts weaving technology and utilizes the repeated cyclic motion of the weaving spindles of a high-speed weaving machine to make multiple silver-plated conductive core yarns move in a circle according to the programmed trajectory of the weaving spindles and interweave and wrap with each other to form a weaving structure; at the same time, a part of each flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is embedded in the weaving structure under the weaving force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the weaving structure to form a velvet loop structure due to stress relaxation, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-power generation yarn.

[0016] The present invention can adjust the loop density and loop height of the loop structure of the three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn by controlling the number of silver-plated conductive core yarns and flame-retardant and fire-resistant sheath yarns and the braiding speed, braiding pitch and braiding angle of the high-speed braiding machine, thereby obtaining three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarns with different structures and triboelectric properties. With the increase in the number of silver-plated conductive core yarns and flame-retardant and fire-resistant sheath yarns, the decrease in braiding speed, braiding pitch and yarn feeding tension, and the increase in braiding angle, the loop density and loop height of the three-dimensional braided structure increase, so that the loops formed by the flame-retardant and fire-resistant sheath yarns can more completely cover the silver-plated conductive core yarn, and the friction surface area and potential difference of the three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn increase, thereby showing excellent triboelectric properties.

[0017] The degree of freedom of the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn decreases with the increase of tension; when the tension applied by the automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder is greater, the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn gradually tends to be straightened, and its movement is less affected by the rotational force of the silver-plated conductive yarn at the edge, and gradually moves closer to the weaving axis, and the height of the formed pile loop is lower.

[0018] The velvet loop structure will change the specific surface area of ​​the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-power generation yarn, thereby affecting its electrical output performance; the velvet loop structure with low height and sparseness has a small specific surface area for contact and separation with materials with positive and negative charges, and the generated electrical signal intensity is lower; the velvet loop structure with high height and denseness has a larger specific surface area, so when it contacts and separates with materials with positive and negative charges, it produces a larger potential difference and has higher electrical output performance.

[0019] The preparation process of the present invention is simple and can be used for large-scale industrial production. The three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-power generation yarn of the present invention combines flame-retardant and fireproof yarn with friction electricity. While ensuring excellent friction electric performance and energy storage performance, because the outer layer of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-power generation yarn is covered with a large number of soft flame-retardant velvet loop structures, it has excellent softness and comfort and flame retardancy and fire resistance, so as to effectively prevent the spread of fire and ensure the safety of escapees and infrastructure in a fire environment. It can be widely used in fields such as intelligent fire protection and has good market prospects and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of a weaving process of a high-speed weaving machine used in the preparation method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 3D woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a macroscopic image of the fancy yarn; (b) is a cross-sectional microscopic image;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a dot-line graph of the open circuit voltage of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generator yarn in Example 1 and Example 2 versus the number of conductive core yarns / fireproof sheath yarns;

[0023] Figure 4 is a curve diagram of open circuit voltage-time / automatic tension control yarn feeder tension of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generator yarn in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a curve diagram of open circuit voltage-time / friction frequency of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a curve diagram of open circuit voltage-time / 10,000 cycles of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a curve chart of charging of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn in Example 1 of the present invention at different capacitance capacities.

[0027] In the figure: 1-silver-plated conductive yarn; 2-flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn; 3-spindle; 4-weaving spindle; 5-automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder; 6-three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] In this embodiment, an empty spindle is clamped between the rotating shaft and the push rod of the automatic winding machine, and the silver-plated conductive yarn is introduced from the rear beam and tied to the empty spindle after passing through the yarn guide wheel. Under the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft and the reciprocating lateral movement of the yarn guide wheel, the silver-plated conductive yarn 1 is evenly wound on the spindle.

[0031] See attached Figure 1The spindles 3 are mounted on the weaving spindles 4 of the high-speed weaving machine in pairs, the silver-plated conductive yarn 1 is unwound from the spindle 3, and gathered at the axis of the high-speed weaving machine after passing through an independent yarn guide wheel and a tension wheel; the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn 2 is introduced from the automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder 5 located at the axis of the high-speed weaving machine, and is placed on top of the silver-plated conductive yarn 1 output by the spindle 3 under adaptive tension control; under the specific programming trajectory instruction of the high-speed weaving machine, the weaving spindle 4 is divided into two groups of trajectories to perform circular motion, so that the silver-plated conductive yarns 1 are interlaced and woven with each other, and the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn 2 is partially embedded in the weaving structure in the form of exposed velvet loops, forming a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-power generation yarn 6 with a velvet loop structure.

[0032] In the above weaving process, the parameters are set as follows: the silver-plated conductive yarn is silver-plated nylon sewing thread, and the number of the yarns is 16; the flame-retardant and fire-resistant yarn is polyimide yarn, and the number of the yarns is 4; the weaving speed of the high-speed braiding machine is 500r / min, the weaving pitch is 1mm, the weaving angle is 45°, and the tension of the automatic tension control yarn feeder is 0N.

[0033] Figure 2 The following are pictures of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generator yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a macroscopic picture of the fancy yarn; and (b) is a cross-sectional microscopic picture. The cross-section in the picture shows that both the silver-plated conductive yarn and the flame-retardant and fire-resistant yarn are spirally woven structures.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] By changing the number of silver-plated conductive yarns and flame-retardant and fire-proof yarns in the preparation method of Example 1 and keeping other parameters unchanged, different three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarns can be obtained.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] This embodiment provides a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn and a preparation method thereof. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the type and quantity of raw materials used are changed, and various weaving process parameters are adjusted: the silver-plated conductive yarn is a silver-plated polyester sewing thread, and the number of strands is 12; the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is an aramid yarn, and the number of strands is 3; the weaving speed of the high-speed weaving machine is 300r / min, the weaving pitch is 0.5mm, the weaving angle is 60°, and the tension of the automatic tension control yarn feeder is 1N.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] This embodiment provides a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn and a preparation method thereof. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that the type and quantity of raw materials used are changed, and various weaving process parameters are adjusted: the silver-plated conductive yarn is silver-plated polyester sewing thread, and the number of strands is 8; the flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is aramid yarn, and the number of strands is 2; the weaving speed of the high-speed weaving machine is 800r / min, the weaving pitch is 2mm, the weaving angle is 35°, and the tension of the automatic tension control yarn feeder is 2N.

[0040] The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarns obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 were tested for electrical output performance. The performance results are as follows: Figure 3 When there are 16 conductive yarns and 4 fireproof sheath yarns, the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn has the best electrical performance.

[0041] The electrical output performance test method is as follows:

[0042] The pressing plate made of a specific material is fixed on the connecting rod of the DK-5617A key tester. As the connecting rod moves up and down, the pressing plate intermittently presses the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn. The silver-plated conductive yarn at one end of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn is connected to the Keithley 6514 electrometer to measure the electrical output performance of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn. Due to the difference in the ability of the pressing plate and the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn to gain and lose electrons, when the two are intermittently contacted and pressed, an electric potential difference, that is, voltage, is generated.

[0043] Figure 4 : is a curve diagram of the open circuit voltage-time / automatic tension control yarn feeder tension of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 As shown, when the tension of the automatic tension yarn feeder is 0N, the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn has the best electrical properties.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a curve graph of open circuit voltage-time / friction frequency of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn in Example 1 of the present invention. The friction frequency here refers to the pressing frequency of the pressure plate on the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn, indicating that the faster the friction frequency, the higher the intensity of the friction electric signal.

[0045] Figure 6 1 is a curve diagram of open circuit voltage-time / 10,000 cycles of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn in Example 1 of the present invention, where 10,000 cycles refers to 10,000 compression cycle tests under the condition that all test conditions remain unchanged; Figure 6 It can be seen that the electrical output performance of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanogenerator yarn has good stability.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a curve diagram of the charging of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn in Example 1 of the present invention at different capacitances, indicating that the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn has good power generation and energy storage capabilities, and the charging rate decreases with increasing capacitance.

[0047] For matters not mentioned above, the prior art applies.

[0048] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but they will not deviate from the direction of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the attached claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn, characterized in that: The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn is braided by multiple silver-plated conductive yarns and at least one flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn; wherein the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced and woven to form a braided structure, a part of each flame-retardant and fire-proof yarn is embedded in the braided structure under the braiding force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the braided structure due to stress relaxation to form a velvet loop structure; the preparation method is: the spindles wound with the silver-plated conductive yarn are mounted on the braiding spindles of a high-speed braiding machine in pairs, the silver-plated conductive yarn is unwound from the spindle, and gathered on the high-speed braiding machine after passing through an independent yarn guide wheel and a tension wheel. The flame retardant and fireproof yarn is introduced from the automatic tension-controlled yarn feeder located at the axis of the high-speed braiding machine, and is placed on top of the silver-plated conductive yarn output by the spindle under adaptive tension control; under the programmed trajectory instruction of the high-speed braiding machine, the braiding spindle is divided into two groups of trajectories to perform circular motion, so that the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced and woven to form a braided structure, and a part of each flame retardant and fireproof yarn is embedded in the braided structure under the braiding force of the silver-plated conductive yarn, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the braided structure due to stress relaxation to form a velvet loop structure, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-power generation yarn.

2. A three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The silver-plated conductive yarn is a silver-plated nylon sewing thread or a silver-plated polyester sewing thread.

3. A three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the silver-plated conductive yarns ranges from 4 to 32.

4. A three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the silver-plated conductive yarns is an even number.

5. The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generating yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant and fireproof yarn is polyimide yarn or aramid yarn.

6. The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the flame retardant and fireproof yarns ranges from 1 to 10.

7. The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed braiding machine has a braiding speed of 10-1000 r / min, a braiding pitch of 1-10 mm, and a braiding angle of 0-90°.

8. The three-dimensional braided fancy friction nano-generator yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension of the automatic tension control yarn feeder is 0~10N.

9. An application of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nano-generating yarn as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 in fire-fighting products.

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