Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises a first metal plate, a second metal plate, a third metal plate, a metal cylinder, a first metal band width expansion structure, a second metal band width expansion structure and a feed structure; the first metal band width expansion structure is electrically and contactingly arranged on a surface of the first metal plate facing the third metal plate, the second metal band width expansion structure is electrically and contactingly arranged on a surface of the second metal plate facing the third metal plate, at least one of the first metal band width expansion structure and the second metal band width expansion structure comprises at least one metal accessory, and a gap is left between the metal accessory and the metal cylinder; a first opening is formed in a middle region of the first metal plate, the feed structure extends into a hollow cavity via the first opening, the feed structure is insulated from an inner circumferential surface of the first opening, and a second opening is formed in the second metal plate for allowing electromagnetic waves to radiate out of the hollow cavity. The antenna structure has a relatively wide bandwidth and is relatively easy to process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are essential components in various wireless electronic devices such as satellites and mobile phones. People always want antennas to have the widest possible bandwidth, while at the same time keeping their structure and manufacturing process relatively simple. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device.

[0004] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: an antenna structure, including a first metal plate, a second metal plate, a third metal plate, a metal cylinder, a first metal bandwidth extension structure, a second metal bandwidth extension structure, and a feeding structure;

[0005] The first metal plate and the second metal plate are respectively disposed at the two openings of the metal cylinder to form a hollow cavity. The third metal plate is fixed between the first metal plate and the second metal plate and has a gap with both the first metal plate and the second metal plate. The third metal plate is insulated from the first metal plate, the second metal plate, the metal cylinder, the first metal bandwidth extension structure and the second metal bandwidth extension structure.

[0006] The first metal bandwidth extension structure is electrically contacted on the surface of the first metal plate facing the third metal plate, and the second metal bandwidth extension structure is electrically contacted on the surface of the second metal plate facing the third metal plate. At least one of the first metal bandwidth extension structure and the second metal bandwidth extension structure includes at least one metal accessory, and a gap is left between the metal accessory and the metal cylinder.

[0007] A first opening is provided on the first metal plate, and the power supply structure extends into the hollow cavity through the first opening. The power supply structure is insulated from the inner circumferential surface of the first opening. A second opening is provided on the second metal plate for radiating electromagnetic waves out of the hollow cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of metal attachments are arranged in a ring on the first metal plate, and / or a plurality of metal attachments are arranged in a ring on the second metal plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first metal plate is provided with a multi-ring distribution of the metal attachments, wherein the height of each metal attachment gradually increases in a direction away from the center of the first metal plate; and / or, the second metal plate is provided with a multi-ring distribution of the metal attachments, wherein the height of each metal attachment gradually increases in a direction away from the center of the second metal plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the at least one metal attachment onto the plane where the first metal plate is located is located outside the orthographic projection of the third metal plate onto the plane where the first metal plate is located, with a gap between them.

[0011] In some embodiments, the metal accessory and the metal plate on which it is located are integrally formed, or the metal accessory is embedded in a groove opened in the metal plate on which it is located.

[0012] In some embodiments, the portion of the metal accessory exposed on the metal plate it is situated on is cylindrical, conical, or spherical.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner circumferential surface of the metal cylinder defines a cylindrical internal space, and the center of the same annular metal attachment is located on the central axis of the metal cylinder.

[0014] In some embodiments, the third metal plate is a circular plate and its center is located on the central axis of the metal cylinder.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first opening is opposite to the central region of the third metal plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes: a first insulating substrate, a second insulating substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first insulating substrate and the second insulating substrate, the liquid crystal layer being at least partially located within the second opening; a metal layer is provided on the surface of the second insulating substrate facing the first insulating substrate, the metal layer being in electrical contact with the second metal plate and covering the outer opening of the second opening, the metal layer being provided with a third opening for electromagnetic waves to radiate from the antenna structure, the third opening having an overlapping area with the second opening; the first insulating substrate is located within the space defined by the second opening, or, the first insulating substrate is at least partially located within the hollow cavity and the orthographic projection of the second opening onto the plane where the first insulating substrate is located surrounds the first insulating substrate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes at least one metal ring disposed on the surface of the third metal plate facing the second metal plate, the at least one metal ring being coaxial with the third metal plate.

[0018] In some embodiments, the metal rings disposed on the third metal plate are of equal height or their height decreases sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power supply structure has a gap between itself and the third metal plate or is in electrical contact with the third metal plate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power supply structure is columnar; or the power supply structure includes a columnar section and an extension section located at the end of the columnar section, the diameter of the extension section being larger than the diameter of the columnar section.

[0021] In some embodiments, the third metal plate is fixed to the second metal plate by a columnar absorbing material, the columnar absorbing material being coaxial with the second metal plate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes at least one slow-wave material layer disposed on the surface of the third metal plate facing the second metal plate.

[0023] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: an electronic device, including the aforementioned antenna structure and a signal source for exciting the aforementioned antenna structure.

[0024] In some embodiments, the power supply structure is the inner core of a coaxial probe, the outer metal ring of the coaxial probe is electrically grounded and fixed to the first metal plate, the power supply structure is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the signal source, and the outer metal ring of the coaxial probe is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the signal source.

[0025] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: an electronic device, including the antenna structure described above. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure known to the inventors of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top perspective view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top perspective view of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the slow-wave metal structure disposed on the third metal plate in the antenna structure of this embodiment.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of a slow-wave metal structure disposed on a third metal plate in an antenna structure according to another embodiment.

[0035] Figures 10a to 10c These are vertical cross-sectional views of the feed structure in the antenna structure of this disclosure embodiment.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a frequency response diagram of the return loss of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Among them, 11, first metal plate; 12, second metal plate; 13, third metal plate; 14, metal cylinder; 15, pin; 150, bandwidth extension structure; 16, absorbing material; 2, power supply structure; G, outer ring metal of coaxial probe; H1, first opening; H2, second opening; H3, third opening; 121, metal layer; 33, first insulating substrate; 32, liquid crystal layer; 31, second insulating substrate; 131, metal ring; 17, 18, slow wave material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 In an antenna structure known to the inventors of this disclosure, a hollow cavity is formed by a first metal plate 11, a second metal plate 12, and a metal cylinder 14, and a third metal plate 13 is disposed within the hollow cavity. A feed structure 2 is inserted into the hollow cavity through a first opening H1 in the middle of the first metal plate 11, thereby exciting electromagnetic waves within the hollow cavity. A second opening H2 is formed on the second metal plate 12, allowing electromagnetic waves to radiate out of the hollow cavity through the second opening H2. To increase the bandwidth of this antenna structure, the inner surface of the metal cylinder 14 is designed to have inclined surfaces that respectively connect the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12. The structure forming this inclined surface will be referred to below as the bandwidth extension structure 150. Although the bandwidth of this antenna structure is improved, the fabrication of this antenna structure is extremely difficult.

[0040] refer to Figures 2 to 7 The embodiments of this disclosure provide an antenna structure, including a first metal plate 11, a second metal plate 12, a third metal plate 13, a metal cylinder 14, a first metal bandwidth extension structure, a second metal bandwidth extension structure, and a feeding structure 2.

[0041] The first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12 are respectively disposed at the two openings of the metal cylinder 14 to form a hollow cavity. The third metal plate 13 is fixed between the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12 and has gaps between it and both the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12. The third metal plate 13 is insulated from the first metal plate 11, the second metal plate 12, the metal cylinder 14, the first metal bandwidth extension structure and the second metal bandwidth extension structure.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first metal plate 11, the second metal plate 12, and the third metal plate 13 are parallel to each other and equally spaced. In other embodiments, the first metal plate 11, the second metal plate 12, and the third metal plate 13 are parallel to each other but with unequal spacing. Of course, the third metal plate 13 can be a flat plate or a curved plate.

[0043] The first metal bandwidth extension structure is electrically grounded on the surface of the first metal plate 11 facing the third metal plate 13, and the second metal bandwidth extension structure is electrically grounded on the surface of the second metal plate 12 facing the third metal plate 13. At least one of the first and second metal bandwidth extension structures includes at least one metal attachment 15. A gap is left between the metal attachment 15 and the metal cylinder 14.

[0044] Specifically, in Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, metal attachments 15 are provided on the inner surfaces of both the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12.

[0045] And in Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, a metal attachment 15 is provided on the inner surface of the first metal plate 11, while a conventional metal bevel-shaped bandwidth extension structure 150 is provided between the second metal plate 12 and the metal cylinder 14.

[0046] A first opening H1 is provided on the first metal plate 11, and the power supply structure 2 extends into the hollow cavity through the first opening H1. The power supply structure 2 is insulated from the inner circumferential surface of the first opening H1. A second opening H2 is provided on the second metal plate 12 for radiating electromagnetic waves out of the hollow cavity.

[0047] Specifically, the first opening H1 is opposite to the central region of the third metal plate 13.

[0048] The metal attachment 15, mounted on the first metal plate 11 or the second metal plate 12, serves to increase the bandwidth of the antenna structure. Compared to forming a bandwidth extension structure on the metal cylinder 14, the manufacturing difficulty of electrically fixing the metal attachment 15 to the first metal plate 11 or the second metal plate 12 is very low.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A plurality of metal attachments 15 are arranged in a ring on the first metal plate 11, and / or a plurality of metal attachments 15 are arranged in a ring on the second metal plate 12.

[0050] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the metal fittings 15 on both the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12 have two rings. The number of rings on the metal fittings 15 on the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12 can also be unequal. The number of rings on the metal fittings 15 on the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 12 can be one ring or three rings, etc.

[0051] Metal attachments 15 in the same ring can be distributed at equal angles. For example, if there are 36 metal attachments 15 in the same ring, then the angle between any two adjacent metal attachments 15 and the center of the ring they belong to is 10°. Of course, this number can also be more or less.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first metal plate 11 is provided with multiple rings of metal attachments 15, wherein the height of each metal attachment 15 gradually increases in the direction away from the center of the first metal plate 11; and / or, the second metal plate 12 is provided with multiple rings of metal attachments 15, wherein the height of each metal attachment 15 gradually increases in the direction away from the center of the second metal plate 12.

[0053] Compared to the case where the multi-ring metal accessory 15 is of equal height, the outer ring metal accessory 15 is taller than the inner ring metal accessory 15, so the outer ring metal accessory 15 reflects more electromagnetic waves and has a better bandwidth expansion effect.

[0054] The electromagnetic waves between the first metal plate 11 and the third metal plate 13 mainly propagate toward the metal cylinder 14. The metal cylinder 14 then reflects the electromagnetic waves between the third metal plate 13 and the second metal plate 12. Subsequently, the electromagnetic waves are transmitted out through the second opening H2 on the second metal plate 12.

[0055] This disclosure does not limit the shape, size, and position of the second opening H2, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments based on experimental results.

[0056] The metal attachment 15 can also reflect electromagnetic waves. The height of the inner ring metal attachment 15 is relatively low, which allows the outer ring metal attachment 15 to reflect a sufficient amount of electromagnetic waves.

[0057] Of course, the height of the metal attachment 15 can also be the same.

[0058] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of all metal attachments 15 onto the plane of the first metal plate 11 is located outside the orthographic projection of the third metal plate 13 onto the plane of the first metal plate 11, and a gap is left between the orthographic projection of all metal attachments 15 onto the plane of the first metal plate 11 and the orthographic projection of the third metal plate 13 onto the plane of the first metal plate 11.

[0059] The metal attachment 15 is distributed in the outer ring area of ​​the metal plate it is located in, which allows the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal attachment 15 to mainly enter between the third metal plate 13 and the second metal plate 12.

[0060] In some embodiments, the metal attachment 15 and the metal plate on which it is located are integrally formed, or the metal attachment 15 is embedded in a groove opened in the metal plate on which it is located.

[0061] The metal accessory 15 can be processed together with the metal plate it is attached to, and then the first metal plate 11, the second metal plate 12, and the metal cylinder 14 are processed into a hollow cavity. This greatly reduces the processing difficulty of the antenna structure.

[0062] In some embodiments, the portion of the metal accessory 15 exposed on the metal plate it is situated on is cylindrical. Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the portion of the metal accessory 15 exposed on the metal plate it is located in is cylindrical.

[0063] Of course, the portion of the metal accessory 15 exposed on its surrounding metal plate can have a conical or spherical shape. The cross-section of the pin 15 parallel to its metal plate can also be elliptical or polygonal, etc.

[0064] In some embodiments, the inner circumferential surface of the metal cylinder 14 defines a cylindrical internal space, and the center of the same annular metal attachment 15 is located on the central axis of the metal cylinder 14. The machining difficulty of the metal cylinder 14 is greatly reduced compared to the prior art.

[0065] In some embodiments, the third metal plate 13 is a circular plate and its center is located on the central axis of the metal cylinder 14.

[0066] Both of the above implementation methods aim to improve the isotropic nature of antenna radiation performance.

[0067] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6The antenna structure further includes: a first insulating substrate 31, a second insulating substrate 33, and a liquid crystal layer 32 sealed between the first insulating substrate 31 and the second insulating substrate 32, the liquid crystal layer 32 being at least partially located within the second opening H2; a metal layer 121 is provided on the surface of the second insulating substrate 33 facing the first insulating substrate 31, the metal layer 121 being in electrical contact with the second metal plate 12 and covering the outer opening of the second opening H2, the metal layer 121 being provided with a third opening H3 for electromagnetic waves to radiate from the antenna structure, the third opening H3 having an overlapping area with the second opening H2; the first insulating substrate 31 is located within the space defined by the second opening H2, or, the first insulating substrate 31 is at least partially located within the hollow cavity and the orthographic projection of the second opening H2 onto the plane where the first insulating substrate 31 is located surrounds the first insulating substrate 31.

[0068] The metal layer 121 can be a plate-like structure, or it can be formed on the second insulating substrate 32 through processes such as electroplating, deposition, and etching. The liquid crystal layer 32 is allowed to enter the third opening H3 of the metal layer 121. The outer peripheral surface of the liquid crystal layer 32 can be defined by a sealant (not shown) disposed between the first insulating substrate 31 and the metal layer 121.

[0069] In this embodiment, the metal layer 121, the first insulating substrate 31, the second insulating substrate 33, and the liquid crystal layer 32 are first fabricated as an integral structure, and then mounted together on the second metal plate 12. The first insulating substrate 31 and the second insulating substrate 33 are, for example, glass substrates.

[0070] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, both the liquid crystal layer 32 and the first insulating substrate 31 are located within the second opening H2. Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 32 is greater than the depth of the second opening H2, and a portion of the liquid crystal layer 32 and the first insulating substrate 31 may also enter the hollow cavity. In still other embodiments, the first insulating substrate 31 may partially enter the hollow cavity, while the entire liquid crystal layer 32 is located within the second opening H2.

[0071] In these embodiments, the liquid crystal layer is used as a slow-wave material.

[0072] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes at least one metal ring 131 disposed on the surface of the third metal plate 13 facing the second metal plate 12, the at least one metal ring 131 being coaxial with the third metal plate 13. This can improve the isotropic nature of the antenna structure's radiation performance.

[0073] Continue to refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the metal rings 131 disposed on the third metal plate 13 are of equal height or decrease in height from the inside to the outside.

[0074] The metal rings 131 mentioned above are all used to realize slow wave structures.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figures 10a to 10c There is a gap between the power supply structure 2 and the third metal plate 13 or it is in electrical contact with the third metal plate 13.

[0076] In some embodiments, reference Figures 10a to 10c The power supply structure 2 is columnar; or the power supply structure 2 includes a columnar section and an extension section located at the end of the columnar section, the diameter of the extension section being larger than the diameter of the columnar section.

[0077] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figures 5 to 7 The third metal plate 13 is fixed to the second metal plate 12 by a columnar absorbing material 16, which is coaxial with the second metal plate 12. The absorbing material 16 is, for example, polyurethane.

[0078] Of course, the third metal plate 13 can simply be fixed to the metal material forming the hollow cavity by means of insulating material.

[0079] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The antenna structure also includes at least one slow-wave material layer 17, 18 disposed on the surface of the third metal plate 13 facing the second metal plate 12. Optional slow-wave material layers 17, 18 may be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene layers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Of course, the slow-wave material layer can also be a single-layer structure. The slow-wave material layer serves to improve the slow-wave radiation performance of the antenna structure. Alternatively, the slow-wave material layer may fill the entire hollow cavity.

[0080] In order to make the antenna structure performance closer to isotropic, the antenna structure as a whole can be coaxial.

[0081] The above metal structures can be formed using metal materials such as copper or aluminum.

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device, including the aforementioned antenna structure and a signal source (not shown) for exciting the aforementioned antenna structure. This electronic device is, for example, a satellite signal transceiver.

[0083] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figures 5 to 7 The power supply structure 2 is the inner core of the coaxial probe. The outer metal ring G of the coaxial probe is electrically grounded and fixed on the first metal plate 11. The power supply structure 2 is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the signal source, and the outer metal ring G of the coaxial probe is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the signal source.

[0084] Figure 11The diagram shown illustrates the return loss frequency response of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The return loss of this antenna structure is less than -10 dB in both the 10.9 GHz to 11.18 GHz and 11.28 to 11.99 GHz frequency bands.

[0085] The various embodiments in this disclosure are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0086] The scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its scope and spirit. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, then the intent of this disclosure also includes such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises a first metal plate, a second metal plate, a third metal plate, a metal cylinder, a first metal band width expansion structure, a second metal band width expansion structure and a feed structure. The first metal plate and the second metal plate are arranged at two openings of the metal cylinder to form a hollow chamber, and the third metal plate is fixed between the first metal plate and the second metal plate with a gap between the first metal plate and the second metal plate. The first metal band width expansion structure is arranged on a surface of the first metal plate facing the third metal plate in electrical contact, and the second metal band width expansion structure is arranged on a surface of the second metal plate facing the third metal plate in electrical contact. At least one of the first metal band width expansion structure and the second metal band width expansion structure comprises at least one metal accessory with a gap between the metal accessory and the metal cylinder.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, A first opening is formed on the first metal plate, and the feed structure extends into the hollow chamber through the first opening.

3. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The first metal plate is provided with a plurality of metal accessories arranged in a ring shape, and / or the second metal plate is provided with a plurality of metal accessories arranged in a ring shape. The first metal plate is provided with a plurality of metal accessories arranged in a plurality of rings, and the height of each metal accessory gradually increases in a direction away from the center of the first metal plate. The second metal plate is provided with a plurality of metal accessories arranged in a plurality of rings, and the height of each metal accessory gradually increases in a direction away from the center of the second metal plate.

4. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The at least one metal accessory has a projection on the plane of the first metal plate outside the projection of the third metal plate on the plane of the first metal plate with a gap therebetween.

5. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The metal accessory and the metal plate on which it is arranged are integrally formed, or the metal accessory is embedded in a groove formed on the metal plate.

6. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein, The inner periphery of the metal cylinder defines a cylindrical inner space, and the centers of the metal accessories in the same ring are located on the central axis of the metal cylinder.

7. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The third metal plate is a circular plate with its center located on the central axis of the metal cylinder.

8. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The first opening is opposite to the middle region of the third metal plate.

9. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a first insulating substrate, a second insulating substrate and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first insulating substrate and the second insulating substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is at least partially located in the second opening. A metal layer is arranged on the surface of the second insulating substrate facing the first insulating substrate, and the metal layer is in electrical contact with the second metal plate and covers the outer opening of the second opening. A third opening for electromagnetic wave radiation is arranged on the metal layer, and the third opening and the second opening have an overlapping region. The first insulating substrate is located in a space defined by the second opening, or the first insulating substrate is at least partially located in the hollow cavity, and a normal projection of a plane in which the first insulating substrate is located on the second opening surrounds the first insulating substrate.

10. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises at least one metal ring arranged on a surface of the third metal plate facing the second metal plate, and the at least one metal ring is coaxial with the third metal plate.

11. The antenna structure of claim 10, wherein, The metal ring arranged on the third metal plate is in the same height or has a height decreasing from inside to outside.

12. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The feeding structure is spaced apart from the third metal plate or is in electrical contact with the third metal plate.

13. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The feeding structure is in a columnar shape, or the feeding structure comprises a columnar section and an expansion section at an end of the columnar section, and a diameter of the expansion section is greater than a diameter of the columnar section.

14. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The third metal plate is fixed on the second metal plate by a columnar wave-absorbing material, and the columnar wave-absorbing material is coaxial with the second metal plate.

15. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises at least one slow wave material layer arranged on a surface of the third metal plate facing the second metal plate.

16. An electronic device, comprising: The antenna structure comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and a signal source for exciting the antenna structure.

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