A triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure, which includes a frame, a power assembly, a classification unit, and a support plate assembly; the power assembly includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a traction rope, and the traction rope is wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the support plate assembly includes a first support plate and a second support plate, the first support plate is fixed on the frame, the second support plate is inclinedly installed on the frame, the classification unit includes a classification bracket, a central shaft, wing plates, wing rods, a first spring, and a first guide wheel, the classification bracket is fixed on the traction rope, and two wing plates are hinged on the central shaft in a V shape. The present invention realizes the opening and closing of the wing plates through the cooperation of the support plate assembly, the wing rods, and the first guide wheel, so that the wing plates in the classification unit gradually close as they move forward, generating gaps with gradually changing sizes between the wing plates of adjacent classification units. Users can control the gaps according to the requirements of the products to be classified, making the classifier have a wider application range and better classification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment, and particularly to a triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure. Background Art

[0002] A classifier refers to a device used in the agricultural field to classify agricultural products by size. Its main function is to screen and classify agricultural products (such as beans, blueberry fruits, tea leaves, etc.) according to their size. There are many types of classifiers in the prior art. For example, the Chinese patent application "A Tea Fresh Leaf Classifier for Preventing Breakage and Reddening" with the application number 202010811541.8 discloses a classifier including a machine shell, a screening and conveying mechanism, and a blanking hopper. This classifier uses a conveyor belt with a gradually changing width to achieve the screening of tea leaves. Its defect is that the width of the gap for screening tea leaves between the conveyor belts is fixed. When the gap of the entire device cannot be adjusted, it can only be used for tea leaf classification and cannot be applied to other crops, resulting in a narrow scope of application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the gap of the classifier in the prior art does not have an adjustment function, and the scope of application is narrow.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure, including a frame, a power assembly, a classification unit, and a support plate assembly;

[0005] The power assembly includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a traction rope. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are both installed on the frame, and the traction rope is connected end to end and wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel;

[0006] The support plate assembly includes a first support plate and a second support plate. The first support plate is fixed on the frame, and the second support plate is inclined and installed on the frame. The first support plate is located above the second support plate;

[0007] The classification unit includes a classification bracket, a central shaft, wing plates, wing rods, a first spring, and a first guide wheel. The classification bracket is fixed on the traction rope, the central shaft is installed on the classification bracket, two wing plates are hinged to the central shaft in a V shape, the classification units are distributed along the traction rope, and the wing plates of adjacent classification units are in contact with each other; one end of the wing rod is connected to the wing plate and the other end is connected to the first guide wheel. The first guide wheel is aligned with the second support plate, and one end of the first spring is connected to the wing rod and the other end is connected to the classification bracket;

[0008] In the present invention, initially, the wing plates of adjacent grading units are in contact with each other. When the two wing plates within a grading unit close, a gap is generated between the wing plates of adjacent grading units, and agricultural products can fall through the gap. If, along the length direction of the towing rope, the closing degrees of the wing plates of different grading units are different, then the sizes of the gaps between the wing plates of adjacent grading units will also be different. Different-sized gaps can allow agricultural products of different sizes to leak through, thereby achieving the grading of agricultural products.

[0009] In the present invention, the wing rod, the first spring, the first guide wheel, and the support plate assembly are used to control the closing of the two wing plates within the grading unit. The specific principle is as follows: When the towing rope moves, the entire grading unit moves horizontally along with the towing rope. When the grading unit moves to the position of the second support plate, the first guide wheel contacts the second support plate. Due to the inclination of the second support plate, the second support plate exerts a downward pressure on the first guide wheel, thereby causing the two wing plates to rotate downward, that is, the two wing plates close to each other, and a gap is generated between adjacent grading units. This means that as the grading unit advances, the downward rotation angle of the two wing plates within the grading unit increases, the closing degree of the two wing plates increases, and the gap between the wing plates of adjacent grading units increases.

[0010] Furthermore, the support plate assembly further includes three linear drivers installed on the frame. The three linear drivers are distributed along the length direction of the second support plate. The telescopic rods of the three linear drivers are hinged to the second support plate, and the three linear drivers can adjust the inclination angle of the second support plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the grading bracket is provided with a vertical installation groove, and the central shaft is installed in the installation groove. The specific installation height of the central shaft can be adjusted within the installation groove.

[0012] When the first guide wheel slides along the second support plate, the second support plate will exert a downward pressure on the first guide wheel. This downward pressure will ultimately be transmitted to the towing rope through the grading bracket, causing the towing rope to deform. To overcome this defect, a horizontal support rod is provided on the grading bracket, and a second guide wheel aligned with the first support plate is provided on the support rod. When the first guide wheel slides along the second support plate, the second guide wheel will also slide along the first support plate. The aforementioned downward pressure will ultimately be transmitted to the first support plate through the grading bracket and the second guide wheel, and the towing rope will no longer bear the downward pressure.

[0013] In the present invention, the two wing plates of the grading unit are in a herringbone shape, and the wing plates of adjacent grading units are in contact with each other. Once the initial angle between the two wing plates in the grading unit changes, a gap will be generated between the wing plates of adjacent grading units, which means that the initial angle of the wing plates in the grader of the present invention cannot be adjusted; however, in actual applications, there is a need to "change the initial angle of the wing plates in the grading unit" because the initial angle of the wing plates will affect the adjustment speed of the wing plate gap between subsequent adjacent grading units. The smaller the initial angle of the wing plates, the more sensitive the change of the wing plate gap between subsequent adjacent grading units will be; to meet this need, the present invention designs the wing plates as telescopic. Specifically, the wing plates include main wing plates and secondary wing plates. Sliding grooves in the width direction are provided at both ends of the main wing plates, and the secondary wing plates are installed in the sliding grooves. The secondary wing plates are parallel and in contact with the main wing plates. Fixed holes are provided on the bottom surfaces of the main wing plates and the secondary wing plates, and wing bolts pass through the fixed holes to fix the main wing plates and the secondary wing plates;

[0014] On the premise that the wing plates are telescopic, if the initial angle of the wing plates in the grading unit is adjusted, then by adjusting the secondary wing plates to extend the width of the entire wing plates, it is still possible to ensure that in the initial state, the wing plates of adjacent grading units are in contact with each other.

[0015] Agricultural products of different sizes will fall at the corresponding wing plate gaps. To achieve classified collection, the present invention further includes grading curtains and conveyor belts. A plurality of grading curtains are arranged below the grading unit. The bottom of the grading curtains is in an A shape, and the conveyor belts are arranged below the grading curtains; the grading curtains gather the agricultural products within a certain size range together, and the conveyor belts transport the gathered and classified agricultural products away.

[0016] When the agricultural products are inevitably piled up at the groove position between the wing plates, to prevent the agricultural products from being blocked between the wing plates, the present invention further includes a material pushing device. The material pushing device includes a moving shaft, a brush roller, and a portal frame. The portal frame is fixed on the frame, the moving shaft is installed on the portal frame, and the moving shaft is parallel to the wing plates. The brush roller is installed on the moving shaft; the moving shaft can reciprocate along its own axis, thereby driving the brush roller to reciprocate along the length direction of the wing plates, making the agricultural products more evenly distributed between the wing plates and preventing blockage.

[0017] A corresponding power mechanism needs to be configured for the moving shaft to make it reciprocate. The specific structure adopted by the present invention is: the material pushing device further includes a motor, an eccentric wheel, and a material pushing connecting rod. The motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. One end of the material pushing connecting rod is hinged to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is hinged to the moving shaft.

[0018] Since the wing plates are always in a moving state, to prevent the brush roller from hindering the movement of the wing plates, a bearing is provided between the brush roller and the moving shaft, and the brush roller can rotate around the moving shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the power assembly also includes a tensioning wheel assembly, the traction rope is wound around the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel assembly includes a tensioning wheel, a tensioning shaft, a tensioning rod and a second spring, the tensioning wheel is installed on the tensioning shaft, one end of the tensioning rod is hinged to the tensioning shaft, and the other end is inserted into the frame, and the second spring is sleeved on the tensioning rod.

[0020] Beneficial effects: (1) The triangular variable gap grader based on the wing-shaped structure of the present invention realizes the opening and closing of the wing plates by means of the support plate assembly in conjunction with the wing rod and the first guide wheel, so that the wing plates in the grading unit gradually close as they move forward, and a gap of gradually changing size is generated between the wing plates of adjacent grading units. The size of the gap is controlled by the inclination of the second support plate. The user can control the gap according to the needs of the products to be graded, making the grading machine more applicable and having a better grading effect. (2) The triangular variable gap grader based on the wing-shaped structure of the present invention is provided with a second guide wheel on the grading bracket, which transmits the pressure exerted by the second support plate on the grading unit to the first support plate to avoid deformation of the traction rope. (3) The triangular variable gap grader based on the wing-shaped structure of the present invention designs the wing plates as a telescopic structure, so that the initial angle between the two wing plates in the grading unit has the ability to be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the sensitivity of the wing plate gap change between adjacent grading units. (4) The triangular variable gap grader based on the wing-shaped structure of the present invention uses a rotatable brush roller to move back and forth along the length direction of the wing plates, so that the agricultural products are evenly distributed between the wing plates, avoiding accumulation and blockage of agricultural products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the classifier of Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the classifier of Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the classifier of Example 1 (hiding the material transfer device and part of the classifying unit).

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the traction rope, support plate assembly and a grading unit in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the grading unit in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of .

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the classification unit in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 8 A three-dimensional view of the support plate assembly in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a perspective view of the material feeding device in Embodiment 1.

[0030] Wherein: 100, frame; 200, power assembly; 210, driving wheel; 220, driven wheel; 230, traction rope; 240, tensioning wheel assembly; 241, tensioning wheel; 242, tensioning rotating shaft; 243, tensioning rod; 244, second spring; 300, grading unit; 310, grading support; 311, mounting groove; 312, support rod; 320, central shaft; 330, wing plate; 331, main wing plate; 332, secondary wing plate; 333, wing plate bolt; 340, wing rod; 350, first spring; 360, first guide wheel; 370, second guide wheel; 400, support plate assembly; 410, first support plate; 420, second support plate; 430, linear actuator; 500, grading curtain; 600, conveyor belt; 700, material feeding device; 710, moving shaft; 720, brush roller; 730, portal frame; 740, motor; 750, eccentric wheel; 760, material feeding connecting rod; 800, hopper. Specific embodiments

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, the triangular variable-gap classifier based on the wing-shaped structure in this embodiment includes a frame 100, a power assembly 200, a grading unit 300, a support plate assembly 400, a grading curtain 500, a conveyor belt 600, a material feeding device 700, and a hopper 800;

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the power assembly 200 includes a driving wheel 210, a driven wheel 220, a traction rope 230, and a tensioning wheel assembly 240. The driving wheel 210 and the driven wheel 220 are both installed on the frame 100. The tensioning wheel assembly 240 includes a tensioning wheel 241, a tensioning rotating shaft 242, a tensioning rod 243, and a second spring 244. The tensioning wheel 241 is installed on the tensioning rotating shaft 242. One end of the tensioning rod 243 is hinged to the tensioning rotating shaft 242, and the other end is inserted into the frame 100. The second spring 244 is sleeved on the tensioning rod 243. The traction rope 230 is connected end to end and wound around the driving wheel 210, the driven wheel 220, and the tensioning wheel 241. The second spring 244 drives the tensioning wheel 241 to stretch and finally tension the traction rope 230;

[0035] As Figure 8As shown in the figure, the support plate assembly 400 includes a first support plate 410, a second support plate 420, and three linear drivers 430 mounted on the frame 100. The first support plate 410 is fixed to the frame 100, the first support plate 410 is horizontal, and the first support plate 410 is located above the second support plate 420. The three linear drivers 430 are distributed along the length direction of the second support plate 420, and the telescopic rods of the three linear drivers 430 are hinged to the second support plate 420. The second support plate 420 is located below the first support plate 410 and forms an angle with the first support plate 410, that is, the second support plate 420 is inclined. The linear driver 430 in this embodiment can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod. As Figure 4 shown, long round holes are provided at both ends of the second support plate 420, and the telescopic rods of the linear drivers 430 at both ends are hinged in the long round holes to ensure that the linear drivers 430 at both ends can drive the second support plate 420 to rotate without jamming.

[0036] As Figures 4 to 6 shown, the grading unit 300 includes a grading bracket 310, a central shaft 320, wing plates 330, wing rods 340, a first spring 350, a first guide wheel 360, and a second guide wheel 370. As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the wing plate 330 includes a main wing plate 331 and a secondary wing plate 332. Chutes in the width direction are provided at both ends of the main wing plate 331, and the secondary wing plate 332 is installed in the chute. The secondary wing plate 332 is parallel and attached to the main wing plate 331. Fixing holes are provided on the bottom surfaces of the main wing plate 331 and the secondary wing plate 332, and wing plate bolts 333 pass through the fixing holes to fix the main wing plate 331 and the secondary wing plate 332. The grading bracket 310 is fixed to the towing rope 230, and two wing plates 330 are hinged to the central shaft 320 in a V shape. A plurality of grading units 300 are distributed along the towing rope 230 as Figure 2 shown, and the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300 are in contact with each other.

[0037] One end of the wing rod 340 is connected to the main wing plate 331 and the other end is connected to the first guide wheel 360. The first guide wheel 360 is aligned with the second support plate 420. One end of the first spring 350 is connected to the wing rod 340 and the other end is connected to the grading bracket 310. A vertically arranged mounting groove 311 is provided on the grading bracket 310 of the grading unit 300, and the central shaft 320 is installed in the mounting groove 311. The specific installation height of the central shaft 320 can be adjusted in the mounting groove 311. A horizontal support rod 312 is provided on the grading bracket 310, and a second guide wheel 370 aligned with the first support plate 410 is provided on the support rod 312.

[0038] As Figure 3As shown, a plurality of grading curtains 500 are arranged below the grading unit 300. The bottom of the grading curtain 500 is in an A shape. The conveyor belt 600 is arranged below the grading curtain 500. The grading curtain 500 gathers agricultural products within a certain size range together, and the conveyor belt 600 transports the gathered and classified agricultural products away.

[0039] As Figure 9 shown, the material distributing device 700 includes a moving shaft 710, a brush roller 720, a portal frame 730, a motor 740, an eccentric wheel 750, a material distributing connecting rod 760 and bearings. The portal frame 730 is fixed on the frame 100. The moving shaft 710 is installed on the portal frame 730. The moving shaft 710 is parallel to the wing plate 330. The brush roller 720 is installed on the moving shaft 710. The motor 740 drives the eccentric wheel 750 to rotate. One end of the material distributing connecting rod 760 is hinged to the eccentric wheel 750, and the other end is hinged to the moving shaft 710. A bearing is arranged between the brush roller 720 and the moving shaft 710, and the brush roller 720 can rotate around the moving shaft 710. The moving shaft 710 can reciprocate along its own axial direction, thereby driving the brush roller 720 to reciprocate along the length direction of the wing plate 330, so that the agricultural products are more evenly distributed between the wing plates 330 and blockage is avoided.

[0040] The hopper 800 is located above the grading unit 300, and the agricultural products to be graded are stored in the hopper 800.

[0041] The triangular variable-gap grading machine based on the wing-shaped structure in this embodiment is mainly used for classifying agricultural products according to size. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0042] (1) As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, initially, the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300 on the traction rope 230 are in contact with each other, and there is no gap between adjacent grading units 300.

[0043] After the driving wheel 210 starts, all grading units 300 move along with the traction rope 230.

[0044] (2) As Figures 4 to 6 shown, when the grading unit 300 moves to the position of the second support plate 420, the first guide wheel 360 contacts the second support plate 420, and the second guide wheel 370 contacts the first support plate 410. Due to the inclination of the second support plate 420, the second support plate 420 exerts a downward pressure on the first guide wheel 360, thereby causing the two wing plates 330 to rotate downward, that is, the two wing plates 330 close to each other. Thus, the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300 will separate and generate a gap. Moreover, as the grading unit 300 advances, the downward rotation angle of the two wing plates increases, the closing degree of the two wing plates 330 increases, and the gap size between the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300 also increases.

[0045] This means that there is no gap between the grading units 300 directly below the hopper 800 in Figure 2 , and starting from the hopper 800 towards the right, gaps gradually form between the grading units 300 and the gaps become larger and larger;

[0046] (2) When agricultural products fall from the hopper 800 into the grading unit 300 as shown in Figure 2 , the agricultural products also move from left to right along with the grading unit 300. As the gap between the grading units 300 gradually increases, the smaller-sized agricultural products first fall through the gaps between the grading units 300, and the larger-sized agricultural products fall later, thus realizing the size grading of the agricultural products; the graded agricultural products fall onto the conveyor belt 600 and are transported away by the conveyor belt 600.

[0047] When the agricultural products are between the grading units 300, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 9 , the moving shaft 710 in the material deflecting device 700 drives the brush roller 720 to deflect the agricultural products between the grading units 300, making them more uniform and promoting the fall of the agricultural products of appropriate size.

[0048] From Figure 5 and Figure 6 , it can be seen that if the vertical position of the central shaft 320 in the installation groove 311 is adjusted, the initial included angle between the two wing plates 330 in the grading unit 300 can be changed. In order to ensure that the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300 still contact each other after the initial included angle is changed, the user also needs to adjust the position of the secondary wing plate 332 as shown in Figure 7 . Analyzing Figure 5 and Figure 6 , it can be seen that the larger the angle of downward rotation of the wing plate 330, the larger the gap generated between the wing plates 330 of adjacent grading units 300, but the relationship between them is not a simple linear one; the size of the gap between adjacent grading units 300 is also related to the initial included angle between the two wing plates 330 in the grading unit 300, which is also the reason why the user needs to adjust the initial included angle of the wing plate 330.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in the specification, these embodiments are only for reference and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention. All omissions, substitutions, and changes made within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a power assembly, a grading unit and a support plate assembly; The power assembly includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel and two traction ropes. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are both installed on the frame, and the two traction ropes are connected end to end and wound around the two ends of the driving wheel and the driven wheel; The support plate assembly includes a first support plate and a second support plate. The first support plate is fixed on the frame, and the second support plate is inclined and installed on the frame. The first support plate is located above the second support plate; There are multiple grading units. Each grading unit includes two grading brackets, a central shaft, two wing plates, four wing rods, four first springs and four first guide wheels. The two grading brackets are respectively fixed on the two traction ropes, and the central shaft is installed between the two grading brackets. The two wing plates are hinged to the central shaft in a V shape. The multiple grading units are distributed along the traction ropes. Initially, the wing plates of adjacent grading units are in contact with each other; One wing rod is arranged at each end of each wing plate. One end of the wing rod is connected to the wing plate, and the other end is connected to the first guide wheel. The first guide wheel is aligned with the second support plate. One end of the first spring is connected to the wing rod, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the grading bracket; When the grading unit moves to the position of the second support plate, the first guide wheel contacts the second support plate, and the second support plate applies a downward pressure on the first guide wheel, causing the two wing plates to rotate downward and close together, and the wing plates of adjacent grading units separate and generate a gap.

2. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 1, wherein: The support plate assembly further includes three linear drivers installed on the frame. The three linear drivers are distributed along the length direction of the second support plate, and the telescopic rods of the three linear drivers are hinged to the second support plate.

3. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grading bracket is provided with a vertically arranged installation groove, and the central shaft is installed in the installation groove.

4. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 3, wherein: A horizontal support rod is arranged on the grading bracket, and a second guide wheel aligned with the first support plate is arranged on the support rod.

5. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 1, wherein: The wing plate is telescopic.

6. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wing plate includes a main wing plate and a secondary wing plate. Sliding grooves in the width direction are arranged at both ends of the main wing plate, and the secondary wing plate is installed in the sliding grooves. The secondary wing plate is parallel and fitted to the main wing plate.

7. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 6, wherein: Fixing holes are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the main wing plate and the secondary wing plate, and wing plate bolts pass through the fixing holes to fix the main wing plate and the secondary wing plate.

8. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a grading curtain, and multiple grading curtains are arranged below the grading unit.

9. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the grading curtain is in an A shape.

10. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 9, wherein: It further includes a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is arranged below the grading curtain.

11. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on an airfoil structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a material pushing device. The material pushing device includes a moving shaft, a brush roller and a portal frame. The portal frame is fixed on the frame, the moving shaft is installed on the portal frame, the moving shaft is parallel to the wing plate, and the brush roller is installed on the moving shaft.

12. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The material pushing device further includes a motor, an eccentric wheel and a material pushing connecting rod. The motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate. One end of the material pushing connecting rod is hinged to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is hinged to the moving shaft.

13. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: A bearing is arranged between the brush roller and the moving shaft.

14. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly further includes a tensioning wheel assembly, and the traction rope is wound around the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the tensioning wheel.

15. The triangular variable-gap classifier based on the airfoil structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The tensioning wheel assembly includes a tensioning wheel, a tensioning rotating shaft, a tensioning rod and a second spring. The tensioning wheel is installed on the tensioning rotating shaft. One end of the tensioning rod is hinged to the tensioning rotating shaft, and the other end is inserted into the frame. The second spring is sleeved on the tensioning rod.

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