A biomass fuel and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides a biomass fuel and its preparation method, belonging to the field of waste utilization technology. This invention mixes different waste materials to prepare biomass raw materials, and simultaneously utilizes microbial strains to transform the organic flame retardants contained in the waste raw materials into new flammable agents through biochemical reactions. The prepared biomass fuel has high calorific value, low smoke and dust, and excellent combustion performance, making rational use of various waste materials, and is environmentally friendly, efficient, and energy-saving. The results of the embodiments show that the biomass fuel prepared by this invention has a calorific value of 35.6 MJ / kg, a calorific value of 4100 cal / g, a combustion efficiency of 99.1%, and low smoke and dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste utilization technology, and in particular to a biomass fuel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most of the fuels people use are fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which are non-renewable resources. They are gradually being depleted due to large-scale human exploitation, and their combustion releases large amounts of toxic gases into the air, causing serious air pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to find renewable and clean fuels.

[0003] Biomass fuel refers to fuel produced by burning biomass materials. Common biomass sources include agricultural waste, oilseed crops, industrial organic waste, wood processing waste, and animal manure. Biomass has high reserves, is renewable, and the carbon dioxide released during combustion is almost equivalent to the carbon dioxide absorbed through photosynthesis during its growth; therefore, the carbon dioxide produced during biomass fuel production can be considered zero. Thus, the effective and complete conversion of biomass fuel can not only solve resource waste and pollution problems but also meet fuel demand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass fuel and a method for preparing the same, wherein the biomass fuel has excellent combustion performance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a method for preparing biomass fuel, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue are mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0008] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, subjected to aerobic fermentation, and then dried to obtain the fermentation product.

[0009] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent and a binder to obtain biomass fuel.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue and traditional Chinese medicine residue is (15-30):(15-30):(50-70).

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue is (20-25):(20-25):(55-65).

[0012] Preferably, the moisture content of the sewage sludge is 40-60%; the particle size of the coal gangue is 80 mesh; and the moisture content of the traditional Chinese medicine residue is 40-60%.

[0013] Preferably, the microbial strains include potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrifying bacteria.

[0014] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation time is 10 to 15 days.

[0015] Preferably, the water content of the fermentation product is 15-25%.

[0016] Preferably, the oxygenating agent is sodium percarbonate; the binder is clay or lime.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the oxygenating agent, binder and domestic sewage sludge is (1-3):(1-3):(15-30).

[0018] This invention provides biomass fuel prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0019] This invention prepares biomass raw materials by mixing different wastes. Microorganisms dissolve insoluble potassium from coal gangue minerals, and the carbon source in the organic matter accelerates the biochemical reaction, causing them to blend and form potassium nitrate, which acts as a combustion aid. Simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen is ultimately converted into nitrates, which also act as combustion aids. This invention utilizes microorganisms to transform organic flame retardants contained in waste raw materials into new flammable agents through biochemical reactions. The prepared biomass fuel has high calorific value, low smoke and dust, and excellent combustion performance. It rationally utilizes various wastes, making it environmentally friendly, efficient, and energy-saving. The results of the examples show that the biomass fuel prepared by this invention has a calorific value of 35.6 MJ / kg, a calorific value of 4100 cal / g, a combustion efficiency of 99.1%, and low smoke and dust.

[0020] Furthermore, this invention selects appropriate proportions based on the different characteristics of each waste material, enabling biomass fuel to have the advantages of long combustion time and good combustion effect. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This invention provides a method for preparing biomass fuel, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue are mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0023] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, subjected to aerobic fermentation, and then dried to obtain the fermentation product.

[0024] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent and a binder to obtain biomass fuel.

[0025] This invention mixes domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue to obtain a mixture.

[0026] In this invention, the moisture content of the sewage sludge is preferably 40-60%, more preferably 50-55%. This invention does not specifically limit the source of the sewage sludge; it can be obtained using methods well-known in the art to achieve the aforementioned moisture content.

[0027] In this invention, the coal gangue is preferably coal gangue powder, and the particle size of the coal gangue is preferably 80 mesh.

[0028] In this invention, the moisture content of the medicinal herb residue is preferably 40-60%, more preferably 50-55%. This invention does not specifically limit the composition and type of the medicinal herb residue; any root, stem, or leaf medicinal herb residue well-known in the art can be used, such as residues of one or more of the following: Areca peel, Platycodon root, Patchouli, ginger residue, and Perilla leaf. This invention does not specifically limit the process for obtaining the medicinal herb residue with the above-mentioned moisture content; any process well-known in the art can be followed to obtain the medicinal herb residue with the corresponding moisture content.

[0029] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of the domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue is (15-30):(15-30):(50-70), more preferably (20-25):(20-25):(55-65), and even more preferably 20:20:60.

[0030] The present invention does not have any special limitations on the mixing of the domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue and traditional Chinese medicine residue. The materials can be mixed evenly according to a process known in the art.

[0031] After obtaining the mixture, the present invention mixes the mixture with microbial strains, carries out aerobic fermentation, and then dries it to obtain the fermentation product.

[0032] In this invention, the microbial strains preferably include potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrifying bacteria; the mass ratio of the potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrifying bacteria is preferably 1:1:1, and the mass of the microbial strains is 0.01% of the mass of the mixture.

[0033] In this invention, silicate potassium-solubilizing bacteria dissolve insoluble potassium in coal gangue minerals, utilize the carbon source in the organic matter, and accelerate the biochemical reaction of the organic matter through Bacillus subtilis, which mixes together to form potassium nitrate, which plays a role in combustion; nitrifying bacteria ultimately convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate, which plays the role of combustion aid.

[0034] In this invention, the aerobic fermentation time is preferably 10 to 15 days, more preferably 12 to 13 days; the aerobic fermentation is preferably carried out under room temperature air conditions.

[0035] In this invention, the moisture content of the fermentation product is preferably 15-25%, more preferably 20%.

[0036] The present invention does not have any special limitation on the drying process; the material can be dried to the above-mentioned moisture content according to a process known in the art.

[0037] After obtaining the fermentation product, the present invention mixes the fermentation product with an oxygenating agent and a binder to obtain biomass fuel.

[0038] In this invention, the oxygenating agent is preferably sodium percarbonate; this invention utilizes the oxygenating agent to promote the complete combustion of biomass fuel and improve combustion efficiency.

[0039] In this invention, the binder is preferably clay or lime. This invention does not specifically limit the type of clay or lime; any clay or lime well-known in the art that can be used for biomass fuel is acceptable. This invention utilizes a binder to bind the fermentation products and oxygenating agent, forming a homogeneous biomass fuel.

[0040] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder and domestic sewage sludge is (1-3):(1-3):(15-30), and more preferably 2:2:20.

[0041] This invention provides biomass fuel prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0042] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] 20 parts of domestic sewage sludge with a moisture content of 50%, 20 parts of coal gangue with a particle size of 80 mesh, and 60 parts of Chinese herbal medicine residue with a moisture content of 50% were mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0045] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, the mass of which accounts for 0.01% of the mass of the mixture. The microbial strains are potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. After aerobic fermentation for 12 days, the mixture is dried to obtain the fermentation product with a moisture content of 20%.

[0046] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent, sodium percarbonate, and clay, with the mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder, and domestic sewage sludge being 2:2:20, to obtain biomass fuel.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Mix 15 parts of domestic sewage sludge with a moisture content of 50%, 15 parts of coal gangue with a particle size of 80 mesh, and 50 parts of ginger residue with a moisture content of 50% to obtain a mixture.

[0049] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, the mass of which accounts for 0.01% of the mass of the mixture. The microbial strains are potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. After aerobic fermentation for 12 days, the mixture is dried to obtain the fermentation product with a moisture content of 20%.

[0050] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent, sodium percarbonate, and clay, with the mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder, and domestic sewage sludge being 2:2:20, to obtain biomass fuel.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] 25 parts of domestic sewage sludge with a moisture content of 50%, 25 parts of coal gangue with a particle size of 80 mesh, and 65 parts of perilla leaf residue with a moisture content of 50% were mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0053] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, the mass of which accounts for 0.01% of the mass of the mixture. The microbial strains are potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. After aerobic fermentation for 12 days, the mixture is dried to obtain the fermentation product with a moisture content of 20%.

[0054] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent, sodium percarbonate, and clay, with the mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder, and domestic sewage sludge being 2:2:20, to obtain biomass fuel.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] Mix 30 parts of domestic sewage sludge with a moisture content of 50%, 30 parts of coal gangue with a particle size of 80 mesh, and 70 parts of Platycodon grandiflorus medicinal residue with a moisture content of 50% to obtain a mixture.

[0057] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, the mass of which accounts for 0.01% of the mass of the mixture. The microbial strains are potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. After aerobic fermentation for 12 days, the mixture is dried to obtain the fermentation product with a moisture content of 20%.

[0058] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent, sodium percarbonate, and clay, with the mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder, and domestic sewage sludge being 2:2:20, to obtain biomass fuel.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] 20 parts of domestic sewage sludge with a moisture content of 50%, 20 parts of coal gangue with a particle size of 80 mesh, and 60 parts of patchouli medicinal residue with a moisture content of 50% were mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0061] The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, the mass of which accounts for 0.01% of the mass of the mixture. The microbial strains are potassium-solubilizing silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. After aerobic fermentation for 12 days, the mixture is dried to obtain the fermentation product with a moisture content of 20%.

[0062] The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent, sodium percarbonate, and clay, with the mass ratio of oxygenating agent, binder, and domestic sewage sludge being 2:2:20, to obtain biomass fuel.

[0063] Performance testing

[0064] 1) Calorific Value Test: The calorific value of the biomass fuel obtained by this invention was determined according to the isothermal calorimeter method in GB / T 30727-2014 "Method for Determination of Calorific Value of Solid Biomass Fuels". Samples with a diameter of 0.5 mm were prepared according to GB / T28730-2012 "Method for Preparation of Solid Biomass Fuel Samples". The oxygen pressure in the oxygen bomb was 3.0 MPa, and the continuous oxygenation time after reaching the pressure was 18 s. Distilled water was added to the inner cylinder so that the top surface of the oxygen bomb cover was submerged 15 mm below the water surface. The oscillator was turned on for 5 s before each reading. The biomass fuel obtained in each embodiment was tested three times, and the average value of the three tests was taken. The calorific value of the biomass fuel was measured by constant-volume lower heating value, and the unit was converted to MJ / kg. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Combustion data of biomass fuels prepared in Examples 1-5

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] 2) The smoke and dust emissions and concentrations of biomass fuel were tested according to GB / T 5468-1991 "Test Method for Boiler Smoke and Dust" and GB / T 13271-2014 "Emission Standard for Air Pollutants from Boilers". The diameter of the circular pipe was 180 mm. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2. Test results of smoke and dust emissions from biomass fuels prepared in Examples 1-5.

[0070]

[0071] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the biomass fuel prepared by this invention can burn completely, has high calorific value, low smoke and dust, and is environmentally friendly and efficient.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing biomass fuel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue are mixed to obtain a mixture. The mixture is mixed with microbial strains, subjected to aerobic fermentation, and then dried to obtain the fermentation product. The fermentation product is mixed with an oxygenating agent and a binder to obtain biomass fuel; The mass ratio of the domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue is (15~30):(15~30):(50~70); The microbial strains include silicate potassium-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrifying bacteria.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the domestic sewage sludge, coal gangue, and traditional Chinese medicine residue is (20~25):(20~25):(55~65).

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water content of the sewage sludge is 40-60%; the particle size of the coal gangue is 80 mesh; and the water content of the traditional Chinese medicine residue is 40-60%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aerobic fermentation time is 10-15 days.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water content of the fermentation product is 15-25%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygenating agent is sodium percarbonate; the binder is clay or lime.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the oxygenating agent, binder and domestic sludge is (1~3):(1~3):(15~30).

8. Biomass fuel prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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