307results about "Pump assemblies" patented technology

A robot includes a body, a first robotic arm physically coupled to the body, and a first discrete hydraulic system comprising a first plurality of hydraulic components. The first robotic arm includes a first end effector. The first hydraulic system is operable to control the first end effector. The first plurality of hydraulic components are integrated with the first robotic arm. In some implementations, the robot includes a second robotic arm physically coupled to the body, and a second discrete hydraulic system consisting of a second plurality of hydraulic components. The second robotic arm includes a second end effector. The second hydraulic system is operable to control the second end effector. The second plurality of hydraulic components are integrated with the second robotic arm. The second hydraulic system is hydraulically-isolated from the first hydraulic system.

The utility model discloses an integrated type hydraulic oil tank which comprises an integrated type hydraulic oil tank body and an installation sleeve seat, the integrated type hydraulic oil tank body is located in the installation sleeve seat, the bottoms of the two sides of the installation sleeve seat are fixedly connected with connecting bottom plates, and a connecting top plate is arranged above the connecting bottom plates. A sealing plate is hinged to one side of the connecting top plate, an elastic rubber wall is arranged between the connecting top plate and the connecting bottom plate, a supporting plate is arranged on one side of the elastic rubber wall, and a mounting groove is formed between one side of the supporting plate and the mounting sleeve seat. According to the integrated hydraulic oil tank, external vibration can be prevented from directly acting on the exterior of the integrated hydraulic oil tank body to damage the integrated hydraulic oil tank body, in addition, the ambient temperature around the integrated hydraulic oil tank body can be reduced under the action of the radiator, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the integrated hydraulic oil tank body can be improved.

A composite vessel and fitting for a through-wall penetration having an exposed end grain. The fitting includes a sealing surface arrangement that seals against the composite vessel and prevents leakage of the vessel contents while protecting the end grain from exposure to internal fluid and / or external environment. The fitting includes an outer part, an inner part, and a through-wall part extending between the inner and outer parts across the penetration. An outer seal arrangement includes an outer seal having a first sealing surface that seals against the outer surface of the composite vessel to restrict environmental contaminants migrating to the end grain. An inner seal arrangement includes at least one inner seal having second and third sealing surfaces. The second sealing surface seals against the inner surface of the composite vessel and the third sealing surface seals a leak path or interface between the inner part and through-wall part to restrict internal fluid migrating to the end grain.

The electro-hydraulic integrated push rod comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a drive control assembly which are sequentially connected, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel assembly, and a piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel assembly in a sliding mode; the driving control assembly comprises a driving module, a valve block and an oil tank assembly, and the valve block is mounted at the tail end of the oil tank assembly; the driving module comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is arranged at the rear end of the valve block, a motor shaft of the driving motor penetrates through the center of the valve block to be connected with a bidirectional gear pump, and the bidirectional gear pump is arranged in the oil tank assembly; the system further comprises a PLC control system. The PLC control system comprises a PLC and a power module. The hydraulic cylinder and the driving control assembly are arranged in a split mode, meanwhile, the valve block is arranged on the outer side of the oil tank, the requirements that an electro-hydraulic integrated push rod is compact in structure and easy to disassemble and assemble are met, maintenance and replacement are convenient, and the characteristics that an electric push rod is small in size and flexible in configuration and the characteristics that an oil hydraulic cylinder is stable in work, high in reliability and small in high-speed impact force can be integrated.

The invention discloses a rope saw hydraulic system controlled by a proportional valve, and belongs to the technical field of rope saw hydraulic control. Comprising an oil tank, a first filter part, a first motor, a first hydraulic pump, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a temperature sensor, an oil return filter, an air cooler, a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a second motor, a second filter part, a second hydraulic pump, a liquid level sensor, an air filter, an electric proportional reversing valve, an electromagnetic ball valve, an energy accumulator and a tensioning oil cylinder. The second motor is in transmission connection with a second hydraulic pump, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic pump is communicated with the oil tank through a second filter part, an oil outlet of the second hydraulic pump is communicated with an oil inlet of a second proportional valve, and an oil outlet of the second proportional valve is communicated with an oil inlet of an electric proportional reversing valve. The rope sawing machine hydraulic system controlled by the proportional valve has the beneficial effect that the sawing rope is prevented from being broken.

A hydraulic regenerative braking system is provided for using hydraulic fluid to capture energy from a vehicle during a braking event. The system captures kinetic energy from a shaft of the vehicle and stores the kinetic energy as hydraulic potential energy. That is, the system captures rotational energy as hydraulic potential energy in an accumulator. The hydraulic regenerative braking system also discharges the hydraulic potential energy as kinetic energy. During braking, kinetic energy is transferred from the vehicle shaft to a gearbox, and from the gearbox to a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump uses the kinetic energy to pump hydraulic fluid to an accumulator, increasing the hydraulic potential energy stored in the accumulator. During driving, the hydraulic fluid is released from the accumulator to the hydraulic pump, generating kinetic energy that is transferred to the vehicle shaft via the gearbox.

The invention discloses a dual-power high-position vehicle, which belongs to the technical field of garbage trucks, and comprises a chassis, an upper part, a hydraulic system, a chassis power system and an electric driving system, and the upper part, the hydraulic system, the chassis power system and the electric driving system are all arranged on the chassis. The chassis power system and the electric driving system are both used for pressurizing hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system, the chassis power system and the electric driving system operate independently or cooperatively, and the hydraulic system drives the loading device to complete garbage collection, compression or unloading. According to the invention, the fuel consumption of the vehicle is reduced, energy is saved, and the transportation benefit of a user is improved; no tail gas is discharged, and the environment-friendly effect is good; abrasion of parts such as a chassis engine and a gearbox is reduced, and early damage is prevented; the chassis power system can still be used in some places without an alternating current power supply.

The invention discloses a multi-sensor fusion aircraft hydraulic oil tank real-time oil mass monitoring system which comprises a sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a display alarm module. The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft hydraulic system monitoring, in particular to a multi-sensor fusion aircraft hydraulic oil tank real-time oil mass monitoring system, which measures the oil mass of an aircraft hydraulic oil tank by adopting three sensors with different principles, namely a capacitive sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and a pressure sensor. And the data of each sensor is processed by using a data fusion algorithm, so that the advantages of each sensor are brought into full play, and the defects of measurement of a single sensor are overcome. The capacitance type sensor can sensitively reflect subtle changes of the oil quantity, the ultrasonic sensor is not affected by factors such as oil impurities, the pressure sensor can reflect the overall quality of oil in the oil tank, and after the capacitance type sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and the pressure sensor are fused, the oil quantity monitoring precision and reliability are greatly improved.

Hydraulic unit (1) with an inlet block (2) for a hydraulic return vessel (3), wherein the inlet block (2) has at least one inlet (4) and at least one outlet (5), wherein a hydraulic medium (6) can flow from the at least one inlet (4) to the at least one outlet (5), and further comprising at least one diffuser (7) which is held in the inlet block (2), wherein the at least one diffuser (7) has a conical surface (8) and a region of the at least one diffuser (7) with a smaller diameter is arranged in the at least one outlet (5) such that the hydraulic medium (6) flowing to the outlet (5) is distributed on the conical surface (8).

The utility model discloses a low-noise aircraft fatigue test hydraulic pump station, which comprises an oil storage tank, a hydraulic pump station and a hydraulic pump station, the hydraulic pipeline is used for allowing hydraulic oil to circulate, the hydraulic pipeline is at least provided with an oil inlet and an oil return port, and the oil inlet and the oil return port are both communicated with the containing space in the oil storage tank; the pump assembly is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank, and the pump assembly is used for driving the hydraulic oil to flow in the hydraulic pipeline; the silencing shell is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank, and the pump assembly and the hydraulic pipeline are both located in the silencing shell; and the noise reduction cover body is arranged in the noise reduction shell, the noise reduction cover body is arranged on the pump assembly in a covering mode, and working noise can be greatly reduced.

The utility model provides a hydraulic station for a multi-cylinder cone crusher, which comprises a chassis, an oil tank arranged on the chassis, a cooling system comprising an air cooling box arranged above the oil tank, a motor and a liquid level meter arranged on one side of the oil tank and an electric cabinet arranged on the other side of the oil tank. The electric cabinet is arranged on one side of the oil tank, the valve block is arranged above the oil tank, an outer tank cover is further arranged above the oil tank, an oil way is arranged in the outer tank cover, the lower end of the electric cabinet is connected with an electric cabinet support and is fixed to the oil tank through the electric cabinet support, a base is arranged on the oil tank, an opening door is arranged on the base, and the opening door is connected with the valve block. The hydraulic control device has the advantages that hydraulic control over the cone crusher can be achieved, and cooling is conducted in an air cooling mode.

The invention relates to a hydraulic drive system, to a method for adjusting a delivery volume in a hydraulic drive system, and to the use of the hydraulic drive system for controlling a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic drive system according to the invention is a hydraulic drive system with a first hydraulic machine and a second hydraulic machine which are connected mechanically to one another. The first hydraulic machine and the second hydraulic machine are operated jointly by a variable-speed drive. The first hydraulic machine and the second hydraulic machine are connected hydraulically to at least one first hydraulic cylinder, comprising a first hydraulic cylinder surface and a second hydraulic cylinder surface. The first hydraulic machine and / or the second hydraulic machine have / has an adjustable delivery volume.

The invention relates to a strip and pipe extrusion press (1) having a press frame consisting of a cylinder beam and a counter beam connected thereto, in which press frame a movable beam (4) and a movable block receiver (6) are arranged, the movable beam (4) being actuatable by a main displacement cylinder (2) and at least one secondary displacement cylinder (3), preferably at least two secondary displacement cylinders (3), the block receiver (6) can be actuated by means of at least one, preferably at least two, moving cylinders (5), and wherein the at least one, preferably at least two, secondary moving cylinders (3) and / or the at least one, preferably at least two, moving cylinders (5) are designed as multi-surface cylinders.

This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic system maintenance technology, specifically relating to a device for preventing emulsification in hydraulic systems. It includes a valve body with a large, vertically connected channel inside. The upper end of the large channel is connected to an air filter, and the lower end is connected to a water collection box. A set of water / air separation channels is arranged before and after the large channel within the valve body. The water / air separation channels include a vertical gas channel, a horizontal water / air channel, a horizontal water channel, and a small oblique channel. A desiccant box is installed at the upper end of the gas channel, and the lower end of the gas channel passes through the water / air channel and connects to the small oblique channel. The water / air channel is above, connecting the gas channel and the large channel; the water channel is below, connecting the small oblique channel and the large channel. The upper end of the small oblique channel intersects with the water / air channel and the large channel, while the lower end is closed. This device allows for air exchange between the inside of the oil tank and the outside while preventing external water droplets from entering the oil tank.

The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic equipment, in particular to a mobile hydraulic power station. The mobile hydraulic power station comprises a chassis, a hydraulic oil tank arranged at the bottom of the chassis, a power output assembly, a heat dissipation groove and fuel tanks arranged on the chassis, and the fuel tanks are arranged on both sides of the chassis in the width direction. The front side of the chassis is provided with a fairing corresponding to the power output assembly, the heat dissipation groove is located at the rear side of the chassis and corresponds to the power output assembly, the power output assembly can suck air flow from the fairing and discharge it to the heat dissipation groove, the top of the fuel tank is provided with a cover, the two sides of the cover in the width direction are respectively connected with the top of the two fuel tanks, and the two sides of the cover in the length direction are respectively connected with the fairing and the heat dissipation groove, and the hydraulic oil tank, the fuel tank, the fairing, the heat dissipation groove and the cover jointly form a sound insulation shell structure. By using the above form, the noise generated during work can be reduced, and the influence on the hearing of related personnel can be reduced.

This invention discloses a loader control method for energy saving and consumption reduction by lowering overflow pressure, belonging to the field of loader hydraulic control technology. A port overflow valve is provided on each of the two passages connecting the flow control valve to the two chambers on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder. A main overflow valve is connected to the passage between the two port overflow valves and the two chambers on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder. The set pressure of the main overflow valve is controlled to be lower than the set pressure of the port overflow valves. When the system working pressure is low, pressure is released through the port overflow valves; when the system working pressure is high, pressure is released through the port overflow valves. By releasing pressure in the hydraulic system through the main overflow valve with a lower set pressure, losses can be reduced at low system working pressures. Furthermore, the presence of two port overflow valves ensures effective pressure release under high pressures, thereby guaranteeing normal operation of the system under both low and high working pressures. Compared to existing hydraulic systems, this method achieves energy saving and consumption reduction.

The utility model discloses an oil tank for a shield tunneling machine hydraulic system, which comprises an oil tank body, the oil tank body comprises an oil suction and return cavity and a public oil suction cavity which are mutually isolated and parallel, an oil suction filter communicated with the public oil suction cavity is arranged in the oil suction and return cavity, and the oil suction and return cavity, the oil suction filter and the public oil suction cavity form a turn-back type flow path. According to the oil tank for the shield tunneling machine hydraulic system, the oil suction port is prevented from being close to the oil return cavity, it can be guaranteed that working media fully flow in the oil tank, and heat dissipation, filtering and impurity precipitation of the working media are facilitated.

The application provides a split oil tank and a hydraulic power system. The split oil tank comprises a main oil tank, a sub-oil tank and a pipeline assembly. The main oil tank comprises a main tank body, a main air inlet, a main oil return port, a main balance oil port and a main oil suction port. The sub-oil tank comprises a sub-tank body, a sub-air inlet, a sub-oil return port, a sub-balance oil port and a sub-oil suction port. The main balance oil port is connected to the main tank body and is located at a preset height. The sub-balance oil port is connected to the sub-tank body and is located below the preset height. The pipeline assembly comprises an air inlet pipeline, a balance pipeline, a main oil return pipeline, a sub-oil return pipeline, a main oil suction pipeline and a sub-oil suction pipeline. Compared with a single oil tank, the split oil tank has certain flexibility in space and can be applied to engineering machinery with limited installation space. The overall structure of the hydraulic power system is more compact. Compared with an oil tank with a special shape, the split oil tank realizes the supplement function of the effective volume of the oil tank and can better meet the pressure requirements of the hydraulic power system.

A hydraulic unit includes an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a first return pipe, and a first heat exchanger. The oil tank stores a hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pump supplies the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to an actuator. The first return pipe returns the hydraulic oil from a flow path between a discharge port of the hydraulic pump and the actuator to the oil tank. The first heat exchanger causes a coolant to exchange heat with the hydraulic oil returning to the oil tank through the first return pipe.

Submersible hydraulic power units with interchangeable manifolds for hydraulic systems are provided. In one embodiment, submersible hydraulic power unit for connecting to a hydraulic device, the submersible hydraulic power unit comprising: a tank for receiving hydraulic fluid, wherein the tank is configured to house: a motor that is operational when submerged in the hydraulic fluid, the motor having a powered on and a powered off configuration based on at least one command signal; and a pump that is connected to the motor, wherein the pump is operational when submerged in the hydraulic fluid and wherein the motor powers the pump to regulate flow of the hydraulic fluid in and out of the tank; and a lid that attaches to, and detaches from, the tank, wherein the lid comprises at least one opening allowing an interchangeable manifold to connect to the pump.

The utility model discloses a hydraulic oil cooler with an oil tank, which relates to the technical field of oil coolers and comprises a box body, the oil tank is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the box body, and an oil pump, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a liquid accumulator are fixedly arranged in the box body. A first needle valve is fixedly arranged at the joint of the evaporator and the input end of the compressor, a second needle valve is fixedly arranged at the joint of the output end of the liquid storage device and the evaporator, an oil outlet device is fixedly arranged at the top of the oil tank, and a condensation fan is fixedly arranged at the top of the box body. According to the hydraulic oil cooler with the oil tank, the temperature of hydraulic oil can be efficiently reduced, heat dissipation is enhanced through the arranged condensation fan, stable operation is ensured, energy is saved through the overall design, maintenance is convenient and fast, the service life of a hydraulic system is effectively prolonged, and the overall performance of equipment is improved.

An electro-hydraulically operated actuator (1) for moving a first structure of a machine relative to a second structure of the machine which are provided with respective coupling elements, the actuator (1) comprising a cylinder body (2) and a piston (3), associated with a stem (4), the piston (3) being movable on command with respect to the cylinder body (2) along an actuation direction (100) by the action of a control motor with pump (6) which is associated with pipes and with valves and configured to send a hydraulic fluid between a tank (7) and the cylinder body (2); the tank (7) is positioned around the cylinder body (2) between the outer surface (2a) of the cylinder body (2) and an outer containment jacket (8), the end (4a) of the stem (4) that exits from the cylinder body (2) having interconnection means (16) for connection to the second structure of the machinery. The cylinder body (2) is integral, at a first end (2') thereof opposite from the end (4a) of the stem (4), with a supporting base (9) for the outer containment jacket (8), the actuator (1) comprising a first fixing plate (10) with first coupling means (10a) and at least one second fixing plate (11) with second coupling means (11a) which are different from the first coupling means (10a), the first plate and the at least one second plate (10, 11) being selectively associable with the base (9) as a function of the shape structure of the coupling elements of the first structure.

The application discloses a kind of fluid rectifying devices, and rectifying device is arranged in oil tank and forms multiple through flow channels in oil return filter element, oil suction filter element;Fluid rectifying device includes: oil return guide plate assembly, oil suction guide plate assembly, oil return flow channel, oil suction flow channel, middle rectifying channel and front rectifying channel;Oil return guide plate assembly is arranged outside oil return filter element, and oil suction guide plate assembly is arranged outside oil suction filter element;Through oil return flow channel is formed between oil return guide plate assembly;Through oil suction flow channel is formed between oil suction guide plate assembly;Oil return guide plate assembly and oil suction guide plate assembly have middle rectifying channel and front rectifying channel that communicate oil return flow channel and oil suction flow channel;The application forms S-shaped through flow cavity in oil tank by oil return flow channel, front rectifying channel, middle rectifying channel, oil suction flow channel, and the fluid medium of oil tank is buffered and filtered, reduce hydraulic system fluid medium pollution and slow impact force.

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft tests, and discloses a helicopter hydraulic pressurization oil tank test system and test method. The system comprises a comprehensive test bench and a tool bench. The tool table is used for fixing four tested hydraulic pressurizing oil tanks; the comprehensive test bench comprises a rack, and a hydraulic pump station, an electric control cabinet, a test operation station and a joint panel which are installed on the rack. The hydraulic pump station is connected with the joint panel and is used for providing a hydraulic oil source with pressure, temperature and flow required by the test; the electric control cabinet is connected with the connector panel, the test operation station and the hydraulic pump station, provides required power input, receives various instructions from the test operation station, collects test data of the comprehensive test bench, carries out calculation, and controls the hydraulic pump station to output a test state. The test operation station is used for controlling the hydraulic pump station and the electric control cabinet; the comprehensive test bench interacts hydraulic oil and communication control signals with the tool bench through the joint panel. The comprehensive test bench is also connected with the power cable through the joint panel.

An accumulator assembly is interposed hydraulically between a source of pressurized fluid and at least one wheel brake of a corresponding first or second pair of wheels. The accumulator assembly includes a medium pressure accumulator, a nonpowered MPA fill valve interposed fluidically between a pump-side passage of the medium pressure accumulator and the source of pressurized hydraulic fluid, a powered MPA one-way valve interposed fluidically between a brake-side passage of the medium pressure accumulator and the at least one corresponding wheel brake, and an MPA check valve interposed fluidically between the brake-side passage of the MPA cavity and the at least one corresponding wheel brake. An electronic control unit is provided for controlling at least one of the secondary brake module and the master cylinder responsive to at least one braking signal. The accumulator assembly facilitates a non-powered evac / fill phase of lifetime operation of the brake system.

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic pumping units, in particular to a pressure cylinder type hydraulic system of an energy-saving pumping unit, which comprises an oil tank, a large energy accumulator, a fan and a servo pressure cylinder, the surface of the oil tank is respectively communicated with a liquid supplementing electric pump through a pipeline, the surface of the liquid supplementing electric pump is fixedly connected with a liquid supplementing motor, and the servo pressure cylinder is fixedly connected with the large energy accumulator. A throat hole is formed in the surface of the main electric pump and communicates with a fifth ball valve through a pipeline, and the fifth ball valve communicates with the oil tank through a pipeline. The servo pressure cylinder is utilized to reduce energy consumption, the servo pressure cylinder is controlled to compress hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is compressed into the hydraulic oil cylinders, meanwhile, the left hydraulic oil cylinder and the right hydraulic oil cylinder can assist the other hydraulic oil cylinder to ascend under the condition of self weight, and the energy consumption can be saved by more than 30% in the process. The high controllability of the servo motor is utilized to control the rotating speed so as to control the stroke frequency of the hydraulic cylinder of the oil pumping unit.

The application provides a micro hydraulic station and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic pressure, which comprises upper and lower integrated blocks connected with each other, a cavity connected with an oil tank is formed in the upper and lower integrated blocks after assembly, a hydraulic plunger pump is installed on the upper surface of the upper integrated block, the pump body is embedded into the upper integrated block, the pump body has a pump oil discharge port, a pump oil outlet port and a pump oil suction port from top to bottom, the pump oil suction port is communicated with the cavity in the integrated block, the pump oil outlet port of the hydraulic plunger pump is connected with a high-pressure connector through a pump oil outlet channel and a high-pressure channel, the pump oil discharge port is communicated with the cavity in the integrated block through a discharge channel, the high-pressure channel is communicated with the discharge channel through a relief valve and communicated with an unloading channel through an electromagnetic valve, and the unloading channel is communicated with the cavity in the integrated block, the hydraulic station is changed into the upper and lower integrated blocks, circulation and flow of high and low pressure hydraulic oil between several parts are realized through four channels, and power safety and efficient supply are ensured while miniaturization is realized.

There is provided a construction machine capable of increasing the intervals for replacing a hydraulic fluid. A hydraulic excavator includes an additive tank for storing an additive, an additive supply line for supplying the additive from the additive tank to a hydraulic fluid tank, an on-off valve disposed on the additive supply line and switchable between a closed state and an open state, a degree-of-oxidation sensor for sensing the degree to which the hydraulic fluid has been oxidized, and a controller. The controller performs control for reporting that the on-off valve is to switch into the open state or control for switching the on-off valve into the open state when the rate of change in the degree to which the hydraulic fluid has been oxidized is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The controller performs control for reporting that the on-off valve is to switch into the open state or control for switching the on-off valve into the open state when the machine uptime from the time of replacement of the hydraulic fluid or the machine uptime from the time of switching of the on-off valve from the open state into the closed state is equal to or longer than a predetermined value.

A hydraulic actuator comprising a housing, a piston, first to third pressure chambers, and a plurality of arrangements of piezoelectric elements arranged inside one of the plurality of chambers. A computer implemented internal brake for selectively switching between a braking mode and a non-braking mode of the piston comprises the third chamber, and fluid connections between the first to third chambers with flow control elements.

The integrated heavy-load actuator cylinder comprises pulley blocks, a plunger cylinder, an energy storage cylinder, a speed limiting valve and an oil storage assembly, and an upper pulley block and a lower pulley block are installed at the upper end and the lower end of the plunger cylinder correspondingly; the energy storage cylinder is a gas-liquid separation component, an upper cavity is communicated with an air system, a lower cavity stores hydraulic oil and is connected with the speed limiting valve and the plunger type cylinder, a constant pressure source is provided by utilizing the stability of air pressure, and the air pressure is converted into hydraulic energy through pushing of a floating type piston in the energy storage cylinder to drive a plunger rod to reciprocate. Different load outputs can be achieved by changing the pressure of the air system, the diameter of the floating type piston in the energy storage cylinder and the diameter of the plunger rod, and the universal design performance is high. According to the actuator cylinder, the design of a speed limiting valve is reserved, the annular spring assembly is additionally arranged for buffering, and the accident risk is reduced by means of the measure that the energy storage cylinder structure has the advantage of cutting off an oil source.