The invention relates to an electric stair climbing wheel chair which comprises a chair, armrests, front wheels, rear wheels and a composite chassis assembly, wherein a traveling output shaft of a power box is connected with the front wheels, and an obstacle crossing stair climbing output shaft is connected with a rear shaft gearbox; the rear shaft gearbox drives belt wheels of an obstacle crossing crawler belt, and a turning frame of the rear wheels is installed on a rear wheel shaft by a shaft sleeve; an accessory crawler belt frame is articulated with a crawler belt frame, and the accessory crawler belt frame is movably connected with the power box by a front connecting rod; the accessory crawler belt frame is connected with the turning frame of the rear wheels by a chain wheel; one end of an electric push rod is connected to a frame, and the other end drives the rear wheels to turn by a posture change mechanism; a carrying frame, the frame and one end of a rear connecting rod are coaxially fixed on a support shaft, luniform positioning blocks at both ends of the support shaft are matched with luniform buckled rings at the end parts of the crawler belt frames, and the other end of the rear connecting rod is articulated with the crawler belt frames. The invention has functions of traveling on the flat ground, crossing an obstacle and a ditch, climbing stairs up and down, and the like and has the advantages of compact structure, high automation degree, stable working, safe use and small size.