Method for detecting erosion state of blast furnace hearth

Abstract

The application discloses a detection method for the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth, and belongs to the field of blast furnace iron-making. The method comprises the following steps: 1, obtaining the cavity body of the eroded hearth; 2, obtaining the solid model of the cavity body of the eroded hearth; and 3, measuring the solid model of the cavity body of the eroded hearth. The application can solve the problem of shutdown caused by the erosion detection of the blast furnace hearth during the overhaul of the blast furnace, and the establishment of the erosion model can be completed without affecting the overhaul of the blast furnace, and the safety hazard during the erosion detection of the hearth is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blast furnace ironmaking, and more specifically, relates to a method for detecting the erosion state of the blast furnace hearth. Background Technology

[0002] After a period of smelting, the refractory materials of the blast furnace hearth, such as carbon bricks and corundum-mullite ceramic pads, will be eroded by the molten iron circulation, gradually thinning. When the locally measured thickness reaches less than 500mm, the blast furnace is often forced to shut down for hearth relining or casting repairs. During the shutdown period, blast furnace operators often conduct damage investigations on the erosion state of the hearth to understand the underlying patterns of erosion and guide improvements in subsequent hearth design, repair, and maintenance operations. Establishing a blast furnace hearth erosion model is one of the important means to investigate and understand the erosion patterns of the blast furnace hearth.

[0003] The erosion model of the blast furnace hearth is described in classic textbooks as "garlic bulb-shaped" or "elephant foot-shaped." With the development of modern electronic technology, various online erosion thickness modeling software has emerged, such as those based on neural networks, temperature fields, heat transfer and mass transfer principles, and online detection models derived from simulation calculations using software like Flent and ANSYS. However, to accurately measure the actual erosion condition of the hearth, physical measurements of the eroded carbon bricks are necessary during blast furnace upgrades or complete overhauls. In other words, the erosion state of the hearth is often measured during major blast furnace overhauls.

[0004] Conducting physical measurements of the eroded carbon bricks in the hearth is a complex, arduous, and even somewhat dangerous task. Because blast furnace overhauls involve continuous and coordinated work across multiple trades, the unit responsible for dismantling the furnace and the unit responsible for measurement and research are often different. Furthermore, the dismantling unit operates 24 hours a day and cannot completely stop work to cooperate with the measurement and research unit. Moreover, due to the multi-layered and multi-mechanical nature of the work, there is the added risk of unpredictable falling objects from heights during dismantling inside the furnace. Therefore, previous physical measurements of the eroded carbon bricks in the hearth were often rushed, incomplete, and partial measurements, with measurement models mostly consisting of partial data, approximate or partial descriptions, or speculative models.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN201711362543.8, published on June 25, 2019, discloses a method for detecting the erosion condition of a blast furnace hearth. The method uses the heat transfer coefficient of the furnace wall carbon bricks and the heat exchange coefficient between the furnace wall and the cooling system as optimization variables. The sum of the differences between the calculated temperature at the temperature measurement point inside the furnace wall and the actual temperature measured by the thermocouple is used as the minimization objective. The objective function is optimized by comprehensively utilizing thermocouple temperature measurement data, a solid-state heat transfer calculation model, and a nonlinear optimization method. Simultaneously, the heat transfer coefficient of the furnace wall carbon bricks and the heat exchange coefficient between the furnace wall and the cooling system are obtained, and the heat exchange rate of the cooling units at different locations is calculated to evaluate the heat transfer efficiency of each cooling plate. By calculating and analyzing a series of historical thermocouple temperature measurement data, the erosion condition of the hearth and the actual furnace type under operation at different times can be obtained. By detecting the heat transfer performance of cooling units in different locations, operators can promptly repair inefficient cooling units.

[0006] Chinese patent application number CN201910682597.5, published on December 24, 2019, discloses a method and apparatus for measuring the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth. The method involves scanning the blast furnace hearth with a 3D scanner to obtain scan data; processing the scan data to obtain a 3D model of the blast furnace; obtaining an original 3D model of the blast furnace based on its original design data; aligning and combining the 3D model with the original 3D model to obtain a 3D erosion model of the blast furnace; and cutting a cross-sectional view of the 3D erosion model to obtain the erosion state of the hearth.

[0007] Both of the above methods can detect the erosion status of the blast furnace hearth. However, both methods involve direct inspection of the blast furnace hearth. When using similar methods during a major blast furnace overhaul, the overhaul must be stopped and the inspection must be completed before proceeding with the work, which would affect the overhaul. In addition, inspecting the hearth during a major blast furnace overhaul also poses certain safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0008] 1. The problem to be solved

[0009] To address the problem that existing methods for detecting blast furnace hearth erosion are not applicable to blast furnace overhauls, this invention provides a method for detecting blast furnace hearth erosion. This method solves the problem of downtime caused by erosion detection during blast furnace overhauls, establishes an erosion model without affecting the overhaul, and avoids safety hazards during hearth erosion detection.

[0010] 2. Technical Solution

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0012] A method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth includes the following steps:

[0013] I. Obtaining the cavity of the eroded furnace hearth

[0014] The eroded carbon bricks in the furnace hearth to be tested are numbered according to their position. Then the furnace hearth to be tested is dismantled, and the numbered eroded carbon bricks are transferred intact to the designated location and placed in order according to their number. Then the eroded carbon bricks are rebuilt according to the recorded number order to obtain the cavity of the eroded furnace hearth.

[0015] II. Obtaining the solid model of the eroded furnace hearth cavity

[0016] A tubular industrial template with a polygonal cross-section is placed inside the cavity of the eroded furnace hearth. A cavity is formed between the tubular industrial template and the bottom and sides of the cavity of the eroded furnace hearth. Castable industrial material is injected into this cavity. After solidification, all the eroded carbon bricks and the tubular industrial template are removed to obtain a solid model.

[0017] III. Measurement of the solid model of the eroded furnace hearth cavity

[0018] The physical model is measured using a laser measuring device, and the measured data is input into a computer to obtain a furnace hearth erosion model.

[0019] As a further improvement to the technical solution, the specific measurement process in step three is as follows:

[0020] The solid model is placed on a horizontal reference plane, and a circular track is set around it. A rotatable measuring vertical rod is set at the center of the solid model, and a measuring beam, a first laser target plate, an angle rotation recorder, and an angle rotation motor are installed on the upper part of the measuring vertical rod. The angle rotation motor drives the measuring vertical rod to rotate. One end of the measuring beam is connected to the measuring vertical rod, and the other end is connected to the upper part of an auxiliary vertical rod. The lower part of the auxiliary vertical rod is equipped with casters, which are set on the circular track.

[0021] A horizontal laser rangefinder is slidably mounted on the measuring beam. It can move along the measuring beam under the control of a lateral drive device. The horizontal laser rangefinder is equipped with a vertically downward laser rangefinder and a suspended measuring rod. A rotating laser rangefinder is slidably mounted on the suspended measuring rod. It can move along the suspended measuring rod under the control of a vertical drive device. The laser emission angle is controlled by an angle adjustment device. A second laser target plate is mounted on the rotating laser rangefinder.

[0022] During measurement, the control angle rotation motor rotates to a certain angle α. The horizontal laser rangefinder is aligned with the first laser target plate to measure the distance L1. The vertical downward laser rangefinder is aligned with the second laser target plate to measure the distance H1. The rotating laser rangefinder is adjusted to the vertical angle to measure the distance H2 to the reference plane. It is adjusted to the horizontal angle to measure the distance L2 to the outer surface of the solid model at that angle.

[0023] The erosion of the hearth carbon bricks is: Δ=L1-L2-R0, where R0 is the design radius of the hearth;

[0024] By adjusting the rotation angle of the rotary motor, the horizontal position of the laser rangefinder, and the vertical position of the rotary laser rangefinder, the erosion amount of the hearth carbon bricks at different angles and heights can be obtained.

[0025] As a further improvement to the technical solution, the inner diameter of the annular track is ≤2 times the design inner diameter of the furnace hearth.

[0026] As a further improvement to the technical solution, the height of the measuring beam is greater than 1 times the design height of the hearth.

[0027] As a further improvement to the technical solution, a control processor is also included, which is electrically connected to the various measuring devices and driving devices in step three.

[0028] As a further improvement to the technical solution, the specific process of removing and transferring the eroded carbon bricks in step one is as follows: drill holes in the surface of the eroded carbon bricks and install vertical and side lifting bolts. Control the rotating winch and connect the hook to the vertical lifting bolts to complete the lifting action and loosen the eroded carbon bricks. Then, connect the hook to the side lifting bolts and drag the eroded carbon bricks horizontally to the lifting conveyor belt. The lifting conveyor belt transfers the eroded carbon bricks to the horizontal conveyor belt, which then transfers them to the designated position. Finally, the eroded carbon bricks are re-laid using a bricklaying winch.

[0029] As a further improvement to the technical solution, the horizontal belt conveyor has four sections, which work in a cyclical manner, connected end to end.

[0030] As a further improvement to the technical solution, step four is also included: using a 3D laser scanner to scan the cavity of the eroded furnace hearth to obtain a three-dimensional image model, and then using computer-aided software to obtain the horizontal or vertical cross-section of the eroded furnace hearth. The computer then measures and organizes the horizontal or vertical cross-section to obtain the furnace hearth erosion model.

[0031] As a further improvement to the technical solution, step four also includes: comparing the data and hearth erosion model obtained in step four with the data and hearth erosion model obtained in step three.

[0032] As a further improvement to the technical solution, in step two, the industrial material is gypsum, resin, or a castable molding compound.

[0033] 3. Beneficial effects

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) The present invention provides a method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth. Combining the overall translation technology of the hearth during blast furnace overhaul, the present invention designs an overall translation technology of the hearth. Using a combination of equipment such as winches, hydraulic lifting and horizontal belt conveyors, the carbon bricks of the eroded hearth are dismantled and moved. The dismantled hearth carbon bricks are then rebuilt according to their numbers and orientations to restore the cavity of the eroded hearth. The cavity is molded using a pipe-like casting method to obtain a solid model of the cavity of the eroded hearth. In this way, the hearth erosion model can be established by transferring and rebuilding after dismantling. Dismantling itself is a normal operation of blast furnace overhaul, so it will not have too much impact on the blast furnace overhaul work, and at the same time avoids the safety hazards during conventional detection.

[0036] (2) The present invention provides a method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth. A horizontal, vertical or rotating laser rangefinder is used to obtain the distance from any point on the outer surface of the physical model to the hearth axis and the horizontal reference plane, thereby obtaining the erosion amount of carbon bricks in any part of the hearth. The hearth erosion data model is obtained by calculation and sorting. The obtained hearth erosion data is more comprehensive, so that the final hearth erosion model is more accurate.

[0037] (3) The present invention provides a method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth. After the eroded carbon bricks are back-laid to obtain the cavity of the eroded hearth, a three-dimensional image of the cavity of the eroded hearth can be obtained by one-time 3D laser scanning. Computer-aided design software is used to obtain the horizontal or vertical cross-section of the eroded hearth along the height or angle of the hearth axis. The horizontal or vertical cross-section is measured and organized in the computer to obtain the hearth erosion model. It can be mutually verified with the casting and molding of the tube-like body to finally obtain a more complete and accurate hearth erosion model, providing a reliable design basis and guidance for the design, material selection and production process operation of the blast furnace hearth. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process for removing and re-laying eroded carbon bricks;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the eroded hearth and cavity of a blast furnace;

[0040] Figure 3 A physical model of the hollow tube-like structure of the eroded furnace hearth;

[0041] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a 3D laser scanner measurement.

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the measurement of a physical model of a hollow tubular body in an eroded furnace hearth.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Bottom surface; 2. All eroded carbon bricks; 3. Top outline; 4. Polygon; 5. Tubular industrial template; 6. Bottom outline; 7. Side; 8. Eroded carbon bricks; 9. Vertical lifting bolts; 10. Side lifting bolts; 11. Motor controller; 12. Motor; 13. Winching drum; 14. Hook; 15. Fixed pulley one; 16. Fixed pulley two; 19. Fixed pulley three; 20. Wire brush; 21. Lifting belt head pulley; 22. Lifting belt tail pulley; 23. Lifting belt; 24. Tie rod one; 25. Hydraulic tie rod; 26. Tie rod two; 27. Belt conveyor wheel; 28. Hydraulic cylinder; 29. ​​Hydraulic controller; 30. Tensioner pulley bracket; 31. Tensioner pulley bracket slide groove; 32. Movable tensioner pulley; 33. Tensioner pulley bracket crossbeam; 34. Fixed tensioner pulley; 35. Belt horizontal bracket; 36. Belt tail pulley bracket; 37. Tie rod three; 38. Horizontal belt one; 39. Horizontal belt two; 40. Horizontal belt three; 41. Horizontal belt four; 42. Coal bricks to be re-laid; 4 3. Bricklaying winch; 44. Horizontal plane; 45. Horizontal reference plane; 46. Circular track; 47. Casters; 48. Auxiliary vertical rod; 49. Rotating laser rangefinder; 50. Second laser target plate; 51. Suspended measuring rod; 52. Wire guide one; 53. Control processor; 54. Wire guide two; 55. Wire guide three; 56. Wire guide four; 57. Fixing bolt; 58. Measuring beam; 59. Translation motor; 60. Horizontal connector; 61. Fixing component; 62. Angle rotation motor; 63. 64. Angle rotation recorder; 65. First laser target plate; 66. Bearing; 67. Measuring vertical rod; 68. Measuring vertical rod base; 69. Rotating bearing; 70. Solid model; 71. Eroded furnace hearth cavity; 72. 3D laser scanner; 73. Rotary motor; 74. Hoisting cantilever; 75. Brick removal hoist; 76. Lifting belt conveyor; 77. Horizontal laser rangefinder; 78. Vertical downward laser rangefinder; 89. Upper and lower connecting parts; 80. Upper and lower motion motor; 81. Rotating connecting parts. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. While these exemplary embodiments have been described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be implemented and various changes may be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. The more detailed description of embodiments of the invention below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but is merely illustrative and does not limit the description of the features and characteristics of the invention, in order to suggest the best mode for carrying out the invention and to enable those skilled in the art to practice it. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined only by the appended claims.

[0045] Example

[0046] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth includes the following steps:

[0047] I. Obtaining the corroded furnace hearth cavity 70

[0048] Combining the overall translation technology of the hearth during blast furnace overhaul, the eroded carbon bricks 8 of the hearth to be inspected are numbered according to their position sequence. Then, the hearth to be inspected is dismantled, and the numbered eroded carbon bricks 8 are transferred to the designated position intact and placed in an orderly manner according to the number sequence. Then, the eroded carbon bricks 8 are rebuilt according to the recorded number sequence to obtain the eroded hearth cavity 70.

[0049] Specifically, for a single eroded carbon brick 8 in the hearth, holes 80 are drilled on the vertical and horizontal sides of the carbon brick using an impact drill, and vertical lifting bolts 9 and side lifting bolts 10 are installed respectively. The diameter of the lifting bolts is ≥20mm, the length is ≥100mm, and the load is ≥200kg.

[0050] The height of the hydraulic lifting conveyor belt 76 is adjusted to below the eroded carbon brick 8 in the single furnace hearth. The hydraulic lifting conveyor belt is prior art known to those skilled in the art; therefore, its specific connection structure and working principle will not be described in detail. For ease of understanding, only a simple description is provided here. The hydraulic lifting mechanism operates as follows: its horizontal movement is achieved by the conveyor belt wheels 27 being pushed by external force on the ground and fixed by the belt tail pulley bracket 36.

[0051] The hydraulic controller 29 controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 28 and the hydraulic tie rod 25, adjusting the linkage mechanism composed of the belt horizontal support 35 and tie rods 24, 26, and 37, thereby controlling the lifting height of the belt conveyor. One end of tie rod 24 and one end of tie rod 26 are connected and fixed to the hydraulic tie rod 25, allowing rotation. The other end of tie rod 26 and one end of tie rod 37 are fixed to the lifting belt pulley 21, allowing rotation. The other end of tie rod 37 is fixed to one end of the belt horizontal support 35, allowing rotation. The other end of the belt horizontal support 35 is connected to the other end of tie rod 24, allowing rotation.

[0052] The lifting belt 23 forms a closed loop through the lifting belt head pulley 21, the movable tension pulley 32, the fixed tension pulley 34, and the lifting belt tail pulley (22). The fixed tension pulley 34 is fixed to the upper end of the tension pulley bracket 30. The movable tension pulley 32 and the tension pulley bracket crossbeam 33 can slide up and down along the tension pulley bracket slide groove 31 as the hydraulic rod 25 extends and retracts, thus completing the height adjustment of the lifting belt conveyor 76.

[0053] Similarly, the winch is also prior art known to those skilled in the art, therefore its specific connection structure and working principle will not be described in detail. For ease of understanding, only a simple description is provided here. The brick-removing winch 75 is connected to the vertical lifting bolt 9 via the hook 14. The winch is connected to the winch arm 74, fixed pulley 15, fixed pulley 16, and winch drum 13 via the wire rope 20. The motor controller 11 controls the motor 12 to complete the vertical lifting action. When the corroded carbon brick 8 is loosened, it is connected to the lifting bolt 10 via the hook 14. The winch is connected to the winch drum 13 via the wire rope 20. The motor controller 11 controls the motor 12 to complete the horizontal dragging action. Thus, by first vertically loosening and then horizontally dragging, the target, the corroded carbon brick 8, is dragged to the hydraulic lifting belt conveyor 76 with near-damage removal.

[0054] Hydraulic lifting belt conveyor 76 transfers the eroded carbon bricks 8 from the furnace hearth to horizontal belt 1 38, horizontal belt 2 39, horizontal belt 3 40, or horizontal belt 41, and then transfers them to designated locations according to their numbers for orderly placement and later use, forming a process as follows: Figure 1 The carbon bricks to be rebuilt are shown as 42.

[0055] Next, the bricklaying winch 43, which is placed on the horizontal plane 44, is started to re-lay all the eroded carbon bricks 2 in the hearth to obtain the eroded hearth cavity 70.

[0056] It should be noted that, Figure 1 In the image, the horizontal conveyor belt and the 42 carbon bricks to be re-laid are shown from a top-down perspective, while the rest of the equipment is shown from a main viewpoint. Figure 1 This is merely an illustrative representation.

[0057] II. 3D Laser Scanning

[0058] A 3D laser scanner 71 with a built-in color image sensor and a single image resolution of ≥4 megapixels (1920*1920 pixels) is used to scan the eroded furnace hearth cavity 70. The scanner is positioned with its working end horizontally inward or vertically downward, with an angle β of 0–90°. This method requires only one scan, eliminating the need for stitching multiple scans. The 3D laser scan obtains a three-dimensional image model of the eroded furnace hearth cavity. Computer-aided design software is used to obtain height or angle data along the furnace hearth axis, thereby obtaining horizontal or vertical cross-sectional data of the eroded furnace hearth. The horizontal or vertical cross-sectional data is measured and processed in the computer to obtain the furnace hearth erosion model.

[0059] III. Obtaining the Solid Model 69 of the Eroded Furnace Hearth Cavity

[0060] A tubular industrial template 5 with a polygonal cross-section 4 is placed inside the eroded furnace hearth cavity 70. The tubular industrial template 5 forms a cavity between the bottom surface 1 and the side surface 7 of the eroded furnace hearth cavity 70. The cavity has an upper contour line 3 and a lower contour line 6. It can be filled with industrial materials such as gypsum or resin or castable molding compound. After the casting compound solidifies, all the eroded carbon bricks 2 and the tubular industrial template 5 are removed to obtain a solid model 69.

[0061] IV. Measurement and Calculation of Physical Model 69 of the Corroded Furnace Hearth Cavity Tube

[0062] The measurement and calculation of the physical model 69 of the corroded furnace hearth cavity tube are performed on the horizontal reference plane 45. Specifically, the physical model 69 is placed on the horizontal reference plane 45, and a circular track 46 is set around its periphery. The inner diameter of the circular track 46 is ≤2 times the design inner diameter of the furnace hearth. A measuring vertical rod 66 is set at the center of the physical model 69. The lower part of the measuring vertical rod 66 is connected to a rotating bearing 68. The rotating bearing 68 is fixed to the measuring vertical rod base 67. The measuring vertical rod base 67 is fixed to the horizontal reference plane 45, and its height is >1 times the design height of the furnace hearth.

[0063] The measuring crossbeam 58, the laser circular target plate 64, the angle rotation recorder 63, and the angle rotation motor 62 are sequentially installed on the upper part of the measuring vertical rod 66.

[0064] One end of the measuring beam 58 is connected to the measuring vertical rod 66 via a bearing 65, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the auxiliary vertical rod 48 and fixed with a fixing bolt 57. The distance between the measuring vertical rod 66 and the auxiliary vertical rod 48 is ≤2 times the design inner radius of the furnace hearth. The lower part of the auxiliary vertical rod 48 is connected to a caster wheel 47, which can rotate around the measuring vertical rod 66 along the circular track 46 under the drive of the angle rotation motor 62.

[0065] A horizontal laser rangefinder 78 and a vertically downward laser rangefinder 79 are slidably mounted on the measuring beam 58. The horizontal laser rangefinder 78 is connected to a translation motor 59 via a horizontal connector 60, allowing the translation motor 59 to control its movement along the measuring beam 58. One end of the vertically downward laser rangefinder 79 is connected to the horizontal laser rangefinder 78, and the other end is connected to one end of the suspended measuring rod 51. All three are simultaneously fixed by a fixing piece 61, and the "0" positions of the horizontal laser rangefinder 78 and the vertically downward laser rangefinder 79 are adjusted to be the same.

[0066] A rotating laser rangefinder 49 is slidably mounted on the other end of the suspended measuring rod 51. The rotating laser rangefinder 49 is equipped with a rotating motor 72, an up-and-down motion motor 82, and a second laser target plate 50. The up-and-down motion motor 82 and the rotating motor 72 are respectively connected to the rotating laser rangefinder 49 through an up-and-down connecting piece 81 and a rotating connecting piece 83.

[0067] In addition, the angle rotation motor 62 and the angle rotation recorder 63 are connected to the control processor 53 via wire four 56. The translation motor 59 and the horizontal laser rangefinder 78 are connected to the control processor 53 via wire three 55. The vertically downward laser rangefinder 79 is connected to the control processor 53 via wire two 54. The up-and-down motion motor 82, the rotation motor 72, and the rotating laser rangefinder 49 are connected to the control processor 53 via wire one 52.

[0068] During measurement, the control processor 53 receives and records all laser rangefinder data signals and provides power and action commands to all instruments and motors.

[0069] During measurement, the control angle rotation motor 62 rotates to a certain angle α. The horizontal laser rangefinder 78 is aligned with the first laser target plate 64 to measure the distance L1. The vertical downward laser rangefinder 79 is aligned with the second laser target plate 50 to measure the distance H1. The rotating laser rangefinder 49 is adjusted to a vertical angle to measure the distance H2 to the reference surface 45. It is adjusted to a horizontal angle to measure the distance L2 to the outer surface of the solid model 69 at that angle.

[0070] The erosion amount of the hearth carbon bricks is: Δ=L1-L2-R0, where R0 is the design radius of the hearth, which is equal to the actual construction radius of the hearth.

[0071] The rotation angle of the angle rotary motor 62, the position of the horizontal laser rangefinder 78 in the horizontal direction, and the position of the rotating laser rangefinder 49 in the vertical direction are adjusted to obtain the erosion amount of the hearth carbon bricks at different angles and heights, and the data are input into the computer to obtain the hearth erosion model.

[0072] In summary, the method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth in this embodiment employs an overall hearth translation technique. Utilizing a combination of equipment including winches, hydraulic lifts, and horizontal belt conveyors, the carbon bricks of the eroded hearth are dismantled and moved. The dismantled carbon bricks are then reassembled according to their numbers and orientations to restore the eroded hearth cavity. A tubular casting process is then used to create a solid model of the eroded hearth cavity. This method allows for the creation of a hearth erosion model after dismantling and reassembling. Since dismantling is a normal part of blast furnace overhaul operations, it does not significantly impact the overhaul process and avoids the safety hazards associated with conventional inspections.

[0073] Furthermore, a three-dimensional image of the eroded hearth cavity is obtained through a single 3D laser scan. Computer-aided design software is used to obtain the horizontal or vertical cross-section of the eroded hearth along the height or angle of the hearth axis. The horizontal or vertical cross-section is measured and processed in the computer to obtain a hearth erosion model, which can be cross-verified with the casting mold of the tube-like body. Finally, a more complete and accurate hearth erosion model is obtained, providing a reliable design basis and guidance for the design, material selection and production process operation of the blast furnace hearth.

[0074] The examples described herein are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the invention. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the invention without departing from the design concept of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method of detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: I. Obtaining the eroded hearth cavity: The eroded carbon bricks (8) of the hearth to be detected are numbered in sequence, then the hearth to be detected is disassembled, the numbered eroded carbon bricks (8) are transferred to the designated position in a single piece, are placed in order according to the numbering sequence, and then the eroded carbon bricks (8) are reassembled according to the recorded numbering sequence to obtain the eroded hearth cavity (70); II. Obtaining the eroded hearth cavity entity model: A tubular industrial template (5) with a polygonal (4) cross section is placed in the eroded hearth cavity (70), a cavity is formed between the tubular industrial template (5) and the bottom surface (1) and the side surface (7) of the eroded hearth cavity (70), an industrial material is poured into the cavity, and after solidification, the eroded carbon bricks (2) and the tubular industrial template (5) are removed to obtain the entity model (69); III. Measuring the eroded hearth cavity entity model: The entity model (69) is measured by a laser measuring device, the measured data is input into a computer, and a hearth erosion model is obtained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step III, the specific process of measurement is as follows: The entity model (69) is placed on a horizontal reference surface (45), and an annular track (46) is arranged around the entity model (69); a rotatable measuring vertical rod (66) is arranged at the center of the entity model (69), and a measuring cross beam (58), a first laser target plate (64), an angle rotation recorder (63), and an angle rotation motor (62) are arranged on the upper part of the measuring vertical rod (66), and the angle rotation motor (62) drives the measuring vertical rod (66) to rotate; one end of the measuring cross beam (58) is connected to the measuring vertical rod (66), and the other end is connected to the upper part of an auxiliary vertical rod (48), and a universal wheel (47) is arranged on the lower part of the auxiliary vertical rod (48); the universal wheel (47) is arranged on the annular track (46); A horizontal laser range finder (78) is slidably arranged on the measuring cross beam (58), and is controlled to move along the measuring cross beam (58) by a transverse driving device; a vertical downward laser range finder (79) and a suspended measuring rod (51) are arranged on the horizontal laser range finder (78); a rotary laser range finder (49) is slidably arranged on the suspended measuring rod (51), and is controlled to move along the suspended measuring rod (51) by a vertical driving device, and the laser emitting angle is controlled by an angle adjusting device; a second laser target plate (50) is arranged on the rotary laser range finder (49); During measurement, the angle rotation motor (62) is controlled to rotate by an angle α, the horizontal laser range finder (78) is aligned with the first laser target plate (64) to measure a distance L1, the vertical downward laser range finder (79) is aligned with the second laser target plate (50) to measure a distance H1, the rotary laser range finder (49) is adjusted to a vertical angle to measure a distance H2 to the reference surface (45), and is adjusted to a horizontal angle to measure a distance L2 of the outer surface of the entity model (69) at the angle; The erosion amount of the carbon bricks of the hearth is Δ=L1-L2-R0, wherein R0 is the design radius of the hearth. The rotation angle of the angle adjustment rotary motor (62), the position of the horizontal laser range finder (78) in the horizontal direction, and the position of the rotary laser range finder (49) in the height direction are adjusted to obtain the erosion amount of the carbon brick in the hearth at different angles and different heights.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth; and determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth. The inner diameter of the annular track (46) is ≤ 2 times the design inner diameter of the hearth.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises: determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth; and determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth. The height of the measuring beam (58) is > 1 times the design height of the hearth.

5. The method for detecting the erosion state of a blast furnace hearth according to claim 4, characterized in that: A control processor (53) is further included, which is electrically connected to each measuring device and driving device in step three.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step one, the specific process of removing and transferring the eroded carbon brick (8) is as follows: drill a drill hole (80) on the surface of the eroded carbon brick (8) and install a vertical lifting bolt (9) and a side lifting bolt (10), control the brick removal winch (75), connect the hook (14) with the vertical lifting bolt (9), complete the lifting action to loosen the eroded carbon brick (8); then, connect the hook (14) with the side lifting bolt (10) to horizontally pull the eroded carbon brick (8) to the lifting belt conveyor (76); the lifting belt conveyor (76) transfers the eroded carbon brick (8) to the horizontal belt conveyor, which transfers the eroded carbon brick (8) to the designated position, and then the brick laying winch (43) is used to re-lay the eroded carbon brick (8).

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises: determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth; and determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth. The horizontal belt conveyor has four, and the four horizontal belt conveyors work in a loop.

8. The method of claim 1-7, wherein: the method further comprises: determining a temperature of the molten metal in the vessel; and determining a temperature of the molten metal in the vessel. In step one, a 3D laser scanner (71) is used to scan the eroded hearth cavity (70) to obtain a stereoscopic image model, and then a computer-aided software is used to obtain the horizontal or vertical section of the eroded hearth, and the computer measures and organizes the horizontal or vertical section to obtain the hearth erosion model.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method comprises: determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth; and determining the temperature of the molten iron in the hearth. The data obtained in step three and the hearth erosion model are compared with the data and the hearth erosion model obtained in step one.

10. The method of claim 1-7, wherein: the method further comprises: determining a temperature of the molten metal in the vessel; and determining a temperature of the molten metal in the vessel. In step two, the industrial material is gypsum or resin.

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