Aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace and solution method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace, comprising a furnace frame, a platform ladder is provided on the side of the furnace frame, a quenching water tank is provided on the inner side of the furnace frame, a furnace body is provided on the top of the furnace frame, a furnace cover is provided on the top of the furnace body, a circulating fan is provided on the top of the furnace cover, the output end of the circulating fan extends into the furnace body, a material basket is provided in the inner cavity of the furnace body, a lifting mechanism is provided on the side of the furnace body, the driving end of the lifting mechanism can be connected to the material basket, and the material basket can be hoisted into a specified position in the furnace of the furnace body, a heater is provided in the furnace air duct of the furnace body, a furnace door mechanism is provided on the front of the furnace body, and a transfer vehicle is provided at the bottom end of the side of the furnace frame. The present invention can automatically transport workpieces, automatically lift and move workpieces, complete automated loading and unloading operations, and can drive aluminum alloys to complete automated quenching and scooping, reducing the required operating procedures and usage costs, and enhancing the practicality of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment furnaces, in particular to an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace and a solid solution method. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy is an indispensable material for industrial development. During the processing and forging of aluminum alloy, a heat treatment furnace is required to perform high-temperature forging of aluminum alloy. During the use of traditional aluminum alloy processing solution heat treatment furnace, the loading, unloading and cooling operations of aluminum alloy are relatively troublesome, which seriously affects the subsequent processing efficiency. Therefore, an aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace and solution method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace and a solid solution method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace, comprising a furnace frame, a platform ladder is provided on the side of the furnace frame, a quenching water tank is provided on the inner side of the furnace frame, a furnace body is provided at the top of the furnace frame, a furnace cover is provided at the top of the furnace cover, a circulation fan is provided at the top of the furnace cover, the output end of the circulation fan extends into the furnace body, the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with a material basket, a lifting mechanism is provided on the side of the furnace body, the driving end of the lifting mechanism can be connected with the material basket, and the material basket can be lifted into a specified position in the furnace chamber of the furnace body, a heater is provided in the furnace chamber air duct of the furnace body, a furnace door mechanism is provided on the front of the furnace body, a transfer trolley is provided at the bottom end of the side of the furnace frame, a steel drag chain 2 is provided on the side of the transfer trolley, a drag chain support plate is provided on the other side of the furnace frame, and a steel drag chain 1 is provided on the side of the drag chain support plate, and the cooperation of the steel drag chain 1 and the steel drag chain 2 can prompt the transfer trolley to move.

[0005] Preferably, a safety fence is provided around the furnace rack.

[0006] Preferably, a standard guardrail is provided on the top of the furnace cover.

[0007] Preferably, the furnace door mechanism is a two-half split structure, and the furnace door is a composite insulation structure made of two layers of steel plates sandwiching a heat-resistant insulation layer. The furnace door can move on the furnace door track and is driven by a reducer to complete the opening and closing of the furnace door. The furnace door opens and closes horizontally, and rises vertically to tighten and descends to loosen the furnace door.

[0008] Preferably, the heater is a radiant tube heater, which is installed in the furnace air duct inside the furnace body and has a top-mounted and hanging structure, and can be disassembled and assembled from the furnace top when the furnace is hot.

[0009] Preferably, the circulating fan is composed of four large-volume, high-temperature fans installed on the top of the furnace cover and a flow guide system installed in the furnace body.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism adopts a combination of movable and fixed pulleys to double the running speed of the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism, that is, when the oil cylinder runs 1m, the hanging basket drops 4m, so as to ensure the requirement of rapid quenching of the workpiece;

[0011] There are two operating speeds. When descending for quenching, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism is quickly pushed out, and the rack loaded with workpieces is quickly put into the water for quenching. When the rack rises and is ready to enter the furnace again, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism retracts slowly to make the rack rise slowly, so as to effectively prevent the movement inertia of the workpiece, ensure smooth operation, and will not damage the sealing device and insulation material of the furnace mouth.

[0012] Preferably, the transfer vehicle comprises a steel frame, rollers, a drive mechanism, and a basket positioning device;

[0013] The roller and drive mechanism are installed at the bottom of the steel frame. The drive mechanism adopts frequency conversion control. When approaching the predetermined working position, it will gradually slow down automatically and lock the brake when it reaches the position to achieve precise positioning.

[0014] The steel frame is provided with a material frame positioning device to ensure that the position of the loading frame is consistent each time. Only in this way can the reliability of automatic hooking and unhooking be guaranteed.

[0015] Preferably, the quenching water tank is an electric self-propelled water tank, which consists of a tank body, a tank truck, a quenching and stirring device, a cooler, a pumping and drainage device, a power supply device and a corresponding control system.

[0016] The aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace and solid solution method proposed in the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention can automatically transport the workpiece, automatically lift and move the workpiece, complete automatic loading and unloading operations, and at the same time can drive the aluminum alloy to complete automatic quenching and scooping, reducing the required operating procedures and usage costs, enhancing the practicality of the equipment, and the workpiece is heated faster, reducing the time required for heating, and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of an aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of an aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 The figure is a top view of an aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Furnace body, 2. Furnace cover, 3. Circulation fan, 4. Material basket, 5. Lifting mechanism, 6. Furnace door mechanism, 7. Quenching water tank, 8. Transfer car, 9. Furnace frame, 10. Platform ladder, 11. Safety fence, 12. Heater, 13. Standard guardrail, 14. Steel drag chain 1, 15. Steel drag chain 2, 16. Drag chain pallet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace, comprising a furnace frame 9, a platform ladder 10 is provided on the side of the furnace frame 9, a safety fence 11 is provided around the furnace frame 9, a quenching water tank 7 is provided on the inner side of the furnace frame 9, a furnace body 1 is provided on the top of the furnace frame 9, a furnace cover 2 is provided on the top of the furnace body 1, a circulating fan 3 is provided on the top of the furnace cover 2, the output end of the circulating fan 3 extends into the furnace body 1, a standard guardrail 13 is provided on the top of the furnace cover 2, a material basket 4 is provided in the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, and a lifting device is provided on the side of the furnace body 1. Mechanism 5, the driving end of the lifting mechanism 5 can be connected with the material basket 4, and the material basket 4 can be lifted into the specified position in the furnace of the furnace body 1, a heater 12 is provided in the furnace air duct of the furnace body 1, and a furnace door mechanism 6 is provided on the front of the furnace body 1, a transfer vehicle 8 is provided at the bottom end of the side of the furnace frame 9, and a steel drag chain 2 15 is provided on the side of the transfer vehicle 8, and a drag chain support plate 16 is provided at the bottom end of the other side of the furnace frame 9, and a steel drag chain 14 is provided on the side of the drag chain support plate 16. The cooperation of the steel drag chain 14 and the steel drag chain 2 15 can prompt the transfer vehicle 8 to move.

[0024] The furnace body 1 is an elevated box-shaped structure consisting of a furnace roof and four furnace walls. The furnace body is square on the outside and round on the inside, which facilitates support from the grate 9 and makes the structure more stable and strong. The side walls are 300mm thick, and the furnace roof is 300mm thick. The inner wall near the furnace is 1.5mm thick 304 stainless steel plate, and the outer wall is 4mm thick carbon steel plate, reinforced with large-sized steel sections. The walls are welded together into one. The space between the inner and outer steel plates of the wall is filled with heat-resistant insulation material, and the inner side is aluminum silicate fiber felt. The inner steel plate and the heat-resistant insulation layer are fixed by stainless steel tie rods welded to the outer steel plate. The average temperature rise of the outer wall of the furnace is ≤25°C (excluding thermal bridge points).

[0025] Two thermocouple holes are set on the furnace body 1 corresponding to each zone, which are used for high and low point measurement, alarm and temperature control in each zone, as well as system detection;

[0026] The thermal insulation layer is composed of aluminum silicate fiber blanket. The parameters of the insulation layer are:

[0027] Thickness of furnace side wall: 300mm

[0028] Thickness of furnace top wall: 300mm

[0029] Thickness of furnace bottom: 300mm

[0030] Sealing of the furnace door: Because the length and width of this type of furnace are large, the furnace door opening is large, it is difficult to tighten the furnace door and it is easy to leak, which causes the furnace door to deform. In order to prevent the furnace door from deforming, a reinforcement structure is set inside the furnace door and an expansion joint is opened. By strengthening the strength and absorbing the heat expansion, the furnace door is well prevented from deforming and the furnace door is sealed reliably.

[0031] The furnace door mechanism 6 is a structure in which the furnace door opens in two halves. The furnace door is a composite insulation structure made of two layers of steel plates sandwiching a heat-resistant insulation layer. The furnace door can move on the furnace door track and is driven by a reducer to complete the opening and closing of the furnace door. The furnace door opens and closes horizontally, and rises vertically to tighten and descends to loosen the furnace door. A sealing strip is installed around the furnace door. When the furnace door is in a closed state, the furnace door sealing strip is pressed against the sealing ring around the furnace door frame to play a sealing role.

[0032] The heater 12 is a radiant tube heater, which is installed in the furnace air duct inside the furnace body 1. It is a top-mounted and hanging structure. It can be disassembled and assembled from the furnace top when the furnace is hot. It is divided into 4 zones for temperature control, with 18 heaters in each zone. The heater power is 9KW / piece, with a total of 72 pieces. The total heater power (72 pieces) is 650kW.

[0033] The circulating fan 3 is composed of four large-volume, high-temperature fans installed on the top of the furnace cover 2 and a guide system installed in the furnace body 1;

[0034] When the furnace temperature is higher than 350℃, it can be switched to high-speed operation, with a maximum operating temperature of 600℃. The fan blades and shafts are made of nickel-chromium heat-resistant steel.

[0035] Specific requirements for fans:

[0036] Bearing cooling: To increase bearing life, the fan bearings use imported bearings and air cooling. The fan bearings are equipped with speed detection, display and alarm devices.

[0037] The hot air blown out by the fan passes through the guide device arranged in the furnace and enters the furnace, making the furnace gas temperature more evenly distributed;

[0038] The air guide cover inside the furnace is tightened by a pull rod on the furnace wall to prevent the air guide cover from shaking. It is made of heat-resistant stainless steel plate. Arc-shaped air guide plates are installed at the top and bottom of the furnace body, both of which are made of 304 heat-resistant stainless steel plate. In order to ensure the uniformity of the furnace temperature, reasonable directional air supply and return flow mechanisms are set on the air guide duct.

[0039] The lifting mechanism 5 adopts a combination of movable and fixed pulleys to double the running speed of the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism 5. That is, when the oil cylinder runs 1m, the hanging basket drops 4m, so as to ensure the requirement of rapid quenching of the workpiece;

[0040] There are two operating speeds. When descending for quenching, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism 5 is quickly pushed out, and the rack loaded with workpieces is quickly put into the water for quenching. When the rack rises and is ready to enter the furnace again, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism 5 is slowly retracted to make the rack rise slowly, so as to effectively prevent the movement inertia of the workpiece, ensure smooth operation, and will not damage the sealing device and insulation material of the furnace mouth.

[0041] The lifting adopts high-strength ball chain, which has a large tensile load, a small bending radius, a small operating impact, a compact structure and dimensions, and is more convenient for the design and layout of the equipment. In order to increase the service life of the chain, the end of the chain in the furnace is made of round steel to reduce the damage to the chain caused by the furnace temperature and ensure the strength at high temperatures. The hanging point in the furnace is connected to the hanger, and the vertical hook on the hanger is hung with the lifting ear of the basket to realize the lifting or unhooking action. The hook and chain in the furnace are made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.

[0042] Hydraulic system:

[0043] It consists of a hydraulic station, piping system, and oil cylinders. The workpiece lifting system consists of two oil cylinders. Each lifting cylinder has two latch cylinders to ensure that the lifting system is locked after the workpiece is lifted to meet the equipment's safety requirements. The lifting cylinder uses differential control to achieve the extension of the cylinder during rapid quenching. The hydraulic station consists of an oil tank, a vane pump, and various valves.

[0044] In order to ensure that the sprocket group of the lifting mechanism can be synchronized during the lifting process, two measures are adopted: one is to adopt a synchronous design in the hydraulic system; the other is to make a mechanical synchronization device, and the bearing seat is made of cast steel to ensure reliability during operation;

[0045] The design of the fixed pulley and movable pulley speed-doubling mechanism and the hydraulic differential circuit in the lifting mechanism is used to achieve a quenching time of ≤15S from the time the equipment starts to count when the furnace door is opened to the time when all the workpieces are put into water.

[0046] The transfer vehicle 8 includes a steel frame, rollers, a drive mechanism, and a basket positioning device;

[0047] The roller and drive mechanism are installed at the bottom of the steel frame. The drive mechanism adopts frequency conversion control. When approaching the predetermined working position, it will gradually slow down automatically and lock the brake when it reaches the position to achieve precise positioning.

[0048] The steel frame is provided with a material frame positioning device to ensure that the position of the loading frame is consistent each time. Only in this way can the reliability of automatic hooking and unhooking be guaranteed.

[0049] The quenching water tank 7 is an electric self-propelled water tank, which consists of a tank body, a tank car, a quenching stirring device, a cooler, a pumping and drainage device, a power supply device and a corresponding control system.

[0050] Trough body: The trough body frame is welded with large-size steel sections, and the bottom and sides of the trough are welded with 8mm carbon steel plates (and subjected to water seepage and leakage tests). The overall steel structure undergoes two anti-rust treatments to ensure the cleanliness of the water body and will not be contaminated by rust generated by the steel plates and quench the water quality. An overflow port is provided on the upper part of the water surface of the trough body and a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the trough. The overall strength is good, it is not easy to deform, and the surface is smooth and clean.

[0051] Tank car: The total weight of the tank body and quenching liquid is about 100 tons. The flat car support beam adopts a fish belly beam structure. The entire tank body and other accessories are supported by three fish belly beam support beams. The tank car moving mechanism is driven by 5 pairs of large-size rollers and two 5.5KW reducers. The drive reducer adopts frequency conversion control. When approaching the predetermined work position, it gradually slows down automatically and the brake is locked when it is in place to achieve precise positioning;

[0052] Water tank cooling: A temperature-controlled thermocouple is installed in the water tank and connected to a temperature control instrument, so the temperature is adjustable and controllable. The water tank is cooled by a closed cooling unit. The cooling unit is installed on a tank truck and moves synchronously with the mobile quenching.

[0053] Liquid level control: An electrode-type liquid level gauge is installed in the water tank, which has upper and lower limit alarms. When the liquid level falls below the set minimum limit, the system will sound an alarm and open the water replenishment solenoid valve to replenish the water, stopping when the water reaches the upper limit. An overflow port is installed in the tank to prevent the liquid level control system from failing or excessive manual water replenishment, so that overflow can be timely and ensure workshop safety. All inlet and outlet pipes are affixed with flow direction markings.

[0054] Water tank stirring device: The stirring of the water tank adopts the method of propeller rotation to promote the flow of fluid. Its structure is similar to that of an axial flow fan. An axial flow propeller is installed at the bottom of the agitator. The propeller uses a standard marine propeller with a diameter of about 250mm and a thickness of about 80mm. It is made of ZG, which is strong and durable. The mounting holes are finely processed and the overall dynamic balance test is carried out. Its stirring capacity is greater than 250m3 / h. A total of 4 agitators are arranged around the water tank to effectively ensure that the temperature uniformity in the tank is less than ±3℃. Compared with other pump circulation systems, this agitator eliminates various auxiliary facilities such as pipes, valves, elbows, etc., and has a simpler structure and more reliable performance. More importantly, it avoids various auxiliary facilities and pipe resistance and pressure loss. It is the most direct fluid stirring tool, so the stirring is more direct and the stirring efficiency is higher.

[0055] Electronic control system: It consists of host computer monitoring, PLC (temperature control, sequence control, transmission control), touch screen and temperature detection and alarm system, and is characterized by high reliability, advancement and operability. The electronic control system and host computer are centrally arranged in the electronic control room, and a local operating table is set up in front of the furnace.

[0056] A solid solution method for an aluminum alloy solid solution heat treatment furnace, comprising the following steps: preparing materials to a material basket (4) → hanging the material basket (4) on a transfer vehicle (4) → the transfer vehicle (4) delivers the materials to a loading position of a furnace body (1) → the furnace door mechanism (6) opens → the material hook of the lifting mechanism (5) descends and automatically hangs the material basket (4) → the lifting mechanism (5) hangs the material basket (4) into a designated position in the furnace chamber of the furnace body (1) → the furnace door mechanism (6) closes → the circulating fan (3) is turned on → the material basket (4) is heated according to the working principle. Process curve heating and insulation → insulation time ends → furnace door opens quickly → lifting mechanism (5) drives material basket (4) to quickly immerse into quenching water tank (7) to realize quenching process, and at the same time starts water stirring system to ensure uniform quenching, → after quenching is completed, it is lifted into furnace body (1) → tank car moves to original position, transfer car (8) moves to the bottom of furnace body (1) → lifting mechanism (5) descends and automatically unhooks → special lifting equipment is used to lift and unload materials → prepare for next batch of materials to be loaded into furnace.

[0057] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A furnace for solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys, characterized by: The invention comprises a furnace frame (9), a platform ladder (10) is provided on the side of the furnace frame (9), a quenching water tank (7) is provided on the inner side of the furnace frame (9), a furnace body (1) is provided on the top of the furnace frame (9), a furnace cover (2) is provided on the top of the furnace body (1), a circulating fan (3) is provided on the top of the furnace cover (2), the output end of the circulating fan (3) extends into the furnace body (1), a material basket (4) is provided in the inner cavity of the furnace body (1), a lifting mechanism (5) is provided on the side of the furnace body (1), the driving end of the lifting mechanism (5) can be connected to the material basket (4), and the material can be lifted up. The basket (4) is hoisted into a designated position in the furnace of the furnace body (1), a heater (12) is provided in the furnace air duct of the furnace body (1), a furnace door mechanism (6) is provided on the front of the furnace body (1), a transfer vehicle (8) is provided at the bottom end of the side of the furnace frame (9), a steel drag chain 2 (15) is provided on the side of the transfer vehicle (8), a drag chain support plate (16) is provided at the bottom end of the other side of the furnace frame (9), a steel drag chain 1 (14) is provided on the side of the drag chain support plate (16), and the transfer vehicle (8) can be moved by the cooperation of the steel drag chain 1 (14) and the steel drag chain 2 (15); The lifting mechanism (5) adopts a combination of movable and fixed pulleys to double the running speed of the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism (5), that is, when the oil cylinder runs 1m, the hanging basket descends 4m, so as to ensure the requirement of rapid quenching of the workpiece; There are two operating speeds. When descending for quenching, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism (5) is pushed out quickly, and the rack loaded with workpieces is quickly put into the water for quenching. When the rack rises and is ready to enter the furnace again, the oil cylinder in the lifting mechanism (5) is slowly retracted to make the rack rise slowly, so as to effectively prevent the movement inertia of the workpiece, ensure smooth operation, and not damage the sealing device of the furnace mouth and the insulation material. The quenching water tank (7) is provided with a water tank stirring device, which adopts the method of propeller rotation to promote the flow of fluid. The water tank stirring device includes a stirrer and a propeller. The lower part of the stirrer is provided with an axial flow propeller. The propeller is a standard marine propeller with a diameter of 250 mm and a thickness of 80 mm. The stirring capacity is greater than 250 m 3 / h, and a total of 4 stirrers are arranged around the quenching water tank (7) to effectively ensure that the temperature uniformity in the quenching water tank (7) is less than ±3°C.

2. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety fence (11) is provided around the furnace frame (9).

3. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A standard guardrail (13) is provided at the top of the furnace cover (2).

4. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace door mechanism (6) is a structure in which the furnace door is split into two halves. The furnace door is a composite insulation structure made of two layers of steel plates sandwiching a heat-resistant insulation layer. The furnace door can move on the furnace door track and is driven by a reducer to complete the opening and closing of the furnace door. The furnace door opens and closes horizontally and rises vertically to tighten and descends to release the furnace door.

5. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heater (12) is a radiant tube heater, installed in the furnace air duct inside the furnace body (1), and has a top-mounted, hanging structure, and can be disassembled and assembled from the furnace top when the furnace is hot.

6. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulating fan (3) is composed of four large-volume, high-temperature fans installed on the top of the furnace cover (2) and a flow guide system installed in the furnace body (1).

7. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transfer vehicle (8) comprises a steel frame, rollers, a driving mechanism, and a material basket positioning device; The roller and drive mechanism are installed at the bottom of the steel frame. The drive mechanism adopts frequency conversion control. When approaching the predetermined working position, it will gradually slow down automatically and lock the brake when it reaches the position to achieve precise positioning. The steel frame is provided with a material frame positioning device to ensure that the position of the loading frame is consistent each time. Only in this way can the reliability of automatic hooking and unhooking be guaranteed.

8. The aluminum alloy solution heat treatment furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The quenching water tank (7) is an electric self-propelled water tank, which consists of a tank body, a tank car, a quenching stirring device, a cooler, a pumping and drainage device, a power supply device and a corresponding control system.

9. The method for solid solution heat treatment of aluminum alloy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Prepare the material to the material basket (4) → the material basket (4) is hung on the transfer vehicle (8) → the transfer vehicle (8) delivers the material to the loading position of the furnace body (1) → the furnace door mechanism (6) opens → the material hook of the lifting mechanism (5) descends and automatically hangs the material basket (4) → the lifting mechanism (5) lifts the material basket (4) into the specified position in the furnace chamber of the furnace body (1) → the furnace door mechanism (6) closes → the circulating fan (3) starts → heat and keep warm according to the process curve → the insulation time ends → the furnace door opens quickly → the lifting mechanism (5) drives the material basket (4) to quickly immerse in the quenching water tank (7) to realize the quenching process, and at the same time starts the water stirring system to ensure uniform quenching, → after quenching is completed, it is lifted into the furnace body (1) → the tank car moves to the original position, and the transfer vehicle (8) moves to the bottom of the furnace body (1) → the lifting mechanism (5) descends and automatically unhooks → the material is unloaded by the special lifting equipment → prepare for the next batch of material preparation and loading.

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