High-tin aluminum alloy plate, method for manufacturing the same, and application thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bearing plate technology, specifically to a high-tin aluminum alloy plate, its manufacturing method, and its application. The method involves: coating a high-tin aluminum alloy cast billet with a pure aluminum plate; setting rolling process parameters; cold rolling the high-tin aluminum alloy at room temperature to obtain the plate; removing the pure aluminum plate coating the plate surface; and annealing the plate. This method solves the problem of poor deformation capacity of high-tin aluminum alloys, thereby producing high-tin aluminum alloy plates with uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties, thus meeting the production requirements of sputtering targets for bearing alloy materials.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing shell plate, in particular to a high-tin aluminum alloy plate, a manufacturing method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Copper-lead bearing alloy material has good heat conduction performance, high fatigue strength and load capacity, and has been widely used in internal combustion engine sliding bearings. However, the hardness of the alloy is generally high, and the embeddability and compliance are poor. Moreover, the lead phase in the alloy is easily eroded by organic acid in lubricating oil. Therefore, a layer of soft metal such as lead-tin, lead-tin copper or lead-tin copper indium is often electroplated on the surface of the copper-lead bearing alloy. However, the electroplating process is often accompanied by the emission of waste gas and waste liquid, which has a great impact on the human body and the environment. In order to solve this problem, some scientific research institutions and enterprises at home and abroad use magnetron sputtering to replace electroplating to produce a high-tin aluminum alloy coating layer with higher performance and longer service life on the surface of the bearing alloy.

[0003] The target material is the core of the magnetron sputtering process and the basis for the quality of the sputtered coating. At present, related bearing manufacturing enterprises mostly use high-tin aluminum alloy plates with cast structure as the target material for magnetron sputtering. However, the initial thickness of the aluminum alloy casting blank is large, which cannot meet the requirements of the shape and size of the aluminum alloy target material for magnetron sputtering, and a large amount of cutting and grinding is required, which will cause great waste of materials. Moreover, the tin phase in the high-tin aluminum alloy casting blank is distributed in a network, the organization is coarse and unevenly distributed, which will worsen the distribution of the tin phase in the sputtered layer, thereby affecting the service life of the bearing coating. Ordinary aluminum alloy plates often use rolling and heat treatment to improve their plate size and internal microstructure. However, the mechanical properties of the tin phase and the aluminum matrix in the high-tin aluminum alloy are quite different, and it is difficult for aluminum and tin to deform cooperatively during ordinary rolling, which is prone to cause large edge cracks or directly crack from the middle of the plate thickness, which brings great difficulty to the large-scale batch production of high-tin aluminum alloy target materials.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the problems of poor deformation ability and uneven distribution of tin phase in high-tin aluminum alloy, it is necessary to develop a manufacturing method for improving the rolling deformation ability and microstructure uniformity of high-tin aluminum alloy. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-tin aluminum alloy plate, a manufacturing method and application thereof, which can solve the problem of poor deformation ability of high-tin aluminum alloy, and further produce high-tin aluminum alloy plates with uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties, thereby meeting the production needs of the target material for the sputtered layer on the surface of the bearing alloy material.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The application provides a manufacturing method of a high-tin aluminum alloy plate.

[0008] Further, the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17-22% of Sn, 0.8-1.3% of Cu, ≤0.1% of Fe, ≤0.1% of Si, ≤0.2% of Ti, and the balance of Al; and the purity of the pure aluminum skin is ≥99.5%.

[0009] Further, the thickness of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank is 20-25 mm, and the thickness of the pure aluminum plate is 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0010] Further, the annealing treatment of the plate is specifically that the plate is kept at a temperature of 250-350 DEG C for 2-10 h.

[0011] Further, the pure aluminum plate is subjected to annealing treatment before being coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank, the annealing temperature is set to be 300-400 DEG C, and the annealing time is set to be 2-10 h.

[0012] Further, the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank and the pure aluminum plate are subjected to surface treatment before being subjected to the coating treatment, so as to ensure the quality of the surfaces to be combined of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank and the pure aluminum plate.

[0013] Further, the rolling passes of the high-tin aluminum alloy under the room temperature condition are set to be 2-5 passes, and the rolling reduction of each pass is 20-50%.

[0014] Further, the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank is prepared by a belt-type continuous casting machine, the high-tin aluminum melt with a temperature of 700-780 DEG C is introduced into the front box of the belt-type continuous casting machine through a channel, and then is introduced into a cavity through a nozzle for cooling, the cavity comprises two circulating rotating water-cooled steel belts or glass fibers, the cooling speed is set to be 60-100 DEG C / s, and the cooled cast blank is pulled out through pinch rollers.

[0015] The application also provides a high-tin aluminum alloy plate.

[0016] The application also provides application of the high-tin aluminum alloy plate in a bearing bush of a marine low-speed engine.

[0017] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank is coated with a pure aluminum plate, and then cold-rolled, which greatly improves the rolling deformation capacity of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank, avoids the phenomenon of large edge cracking and cracking during separate rolling of the cast blank, and improves the utilization rate of the material. After cold rolling, the plate is annealed, and the tin phase in the high-tin aluminum alloy plate prepared by this method is transformed from the original cast state organization network distribution to fine and dispersed uniform distribution. Compared with the cast high-tin aluminum alloy, the hardness, tensile strength and elongation of the rolled high-tin aluminum alloy are improved.

[0019] 2. The manufacturing method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and easy implementation, and has popularization and application value in the field of bearing plate materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The manufacturing method flow chart of the high-tin aluminum alloy plate of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 The high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank original metallographic structure chart in example one of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 The high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank original metallographic structure chart in example three of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 The high-tin aluminum alloy plate metallographic structure chart prepared in example one of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 The high-tin aluminum alloy plate metallographic structure chart prepared in example three of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 The engineering stress-strain curve of the original plate blank and the plate after treatment in example one and example three of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure in the specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustration of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The actual implementation of each component may be a random change, and the component layout may be more complex.

[0028] Embodiment one, a manufacturing method of high-tin aluminum alloy plate, see Figure 1 , specifically comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1, a high-tin aluminum alloy billet with a thickness of 20mm is prepared by using a belt type horizontal continuous casting machine. The high-tin aluminum alloy billet includes the following components by weight percentage: 17.5% Sn, 1.28% Cu, 0.08% Fe, 0.09% Si, 0.17% Ti, and the balance of Al. Specifically, the high-tin aluminum alloy melt with a temperature of 780℃ is passed through the channel into the front box of the belt type continuous casting machine, and then passed through the nozzle into the cavity cooling, which includes two circulating rotating water-cooled steel belts or glass fibers, and the cooling speed is set to 100℃ / s. The cooled billet is pulled out by the pinch roll.

[0030] S2, a pure aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.8mm is coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy billet, and the purity of the pure aluminum plate is ≥99.5%.

[0031] The pure aluminum plate is coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy billet before annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is set to 300℃, and the annealing time is set to 10h. The purpose of the annealing treatment is to further soften the pure aluminum plate, so as to facilitate the subsequent large reduction rolling with the aluminum alloy billet.

[0032] A steel wire brush with a steel wire diameter of 0.3mm is used to perform surface brushing treatment on the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy billet. The main purpose is to increase the surface friction of the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy billet, and improve the cooperative deformation ability of the two workpieces. In the rolling process, the pure aluminum plate on the upper and lower surfaces binds the middle high-tin aluminum alloy billet, effectively avoiding the cracking tendency of the high-tin aluminum alloy billet.

[0033] S3, set the rolling process parameters, cold roll the high-tin aluminum alloy at room temperature to obtain a plate. Specifically, an aluminum rivet is used to rivet the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy billet, to prevent the binding ability of the pure aluminum plate to the high-tin aluminum alloy from being reduced due to misalignment. In addition to riveting, a metal wire can also be used for fixation, or a rectangular guide device can be added at the front end of the rolling mill gap.

[0034] Then it is sent to the rolling mill for two-pass large reduction rolling, the first-pass rolling reduction is 30%, and the second-pass rolling reduction is about 28%, so that the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank with a thickness of 20 mm is rolled to 14 mm first and then to 10 mm. In this embodiment, the rolling mill is a two-high cold rolling mill commonly used in the metallurgical industry, and the rolling force is 300 tons.

[0035] S4, the pure aluminum plate coated on the surface of the plate is removed, and the plate is annealed, the annealing temperature is set to 250°C, and the annealing time is set to 10h, to obtain a high-tin aluminum alloy plate with uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties. Using this annealing process, on the one hand, it is beneficial to the recovery and recrystallization of the aluminum alloy matrix in the high-tin aluminum alloy, reducing the work hardening of the plate due to rolling deformation, and improving the mechanical properties of the plate; on the other hand, it is beneficial to the melting, breaking, diffusion and aggregation of the elongated tin strip, promoting the redistribution of the tin phase and promoting the uniform dispersion of the tin phase in the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0036] In this embodiment, the annealing treatment of the pure aluminum plate and the annealing treatment of the high-tin aluminum alloy plate are both carried out in a hot air circulating furnace.

[0037] The mechanical properties of the original high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank and the high-tin aluminum alloy plate prepared by cold rolling and annealing treatment are tested respectively, and the results are shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The internal tin phase of the high-tin aluminum alloy prepared by this method changes from the original cast state network distribution to fine and dispersed uniform distribution, the hardness increases from the original 27.5HV to 46HV, the tensile strength increases from the original cast state of 92MPa to 110MPa, an increase of 19.6%. The elongation increases from the original cast state of 13% to 21%, an increase of 61.5%.

[0038] Embodiment two, a method for manufacturing a high-tin aluminum alloy plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, a high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank with a thickness of 23mm is prepared by using a belt-type horizontal continuous casting machine, the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank includes the following components by weight percentage: 19.3% Sn, 0.85% Cu, 0.06% Fe, 0.05% Si, 0.1% Ti, and the balance is Al. Specifically, the high-tin aluminum alloy melt with a temperature of 700°C is introduced into the front box of the belt-type continuous casting machine through the channel, and then introduced into the cavity through the nozzle, the cavity includes two circulating rotating water-cooled steel belts or glass fibers, the cooling speed is set to 60°C / s, and the cooled cast blank is pulled out through the pinch roll.

[0040] S2, a pure aluminum plate with a thickness of 1mm is coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank, the purity of the pure aluminum plate is ≥99.5%.

[0041] Before the pure aluminum plate is wrapped on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank, annealing treatment is performed, the annealing temperature is set to 350℃, and the annealing time is set to 6h. The purpose of the annealing treatment is to further soften the pure aluminum plate to facilitate subsequent large reduction rolling with the aluminum alloy cast blank.

[0042] The pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank are subjected to surface brushing treatment with 80# sand belt, mainly to increase the surface friction of the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank, and improve the cooperative deformation ability of the two workpieces. In the rolling process, the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank is effectively prevented from cracking by the pure aluminum plate on the upper and lower surfaces.

[0043] S3, set the rolling process parameters, cold roll the high-tin aluminum alloy at room temperature to obtain a plate. Specifically, the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank are fixed by steel wire. Then, they are sent to the rolling mill for three-pass large reduction rolling. The first-pass rolling reduction is about 25%, the second-pass rolling reduction is about 27%, and the third-pass rolling reduction is about 21%. The thickness of the high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank is reduced from 23mm to 17.3mm, then to 12.7mm, and finally to 10mm. In this embodiment, the rolling mill is a two-roller cold rolling mill commonly used in the metallurgical industry, and the rolling force is 300 tons.

[0044] S4, remove the pure aluminum plate wrapped on the surface of the plate, and perform annealing treatment on the plate. The annealing treatment temperature is set to 280℃, and the annealing treatment time is set to 6h. A high-tin aluminum alloy plate with uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties is obtained. Using this annealing process, on the one hand, it is beneficial to the recovery and recrystallization of the aluminum alloy matrix in the high-tin aluminum alloy, reducing the work hardening of the plate due to rolling deformation and improving the mechanical properties of the plate. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the melting, breaking, diffusion and aggregation of the extended tin band, promoting the redistribution of tin phase and the uniform dispersion of tin phase in the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0045] In this embodiment, the annealing treatment of the pure aluminum plate and the annealing treatment of the high-tin aluminum alloy plate are both performed in a hot air circulating furnace.

[0046] Example Three, a manufacturing method of a high-tin aluminum alloy plate, specifically including the following steps:

[0047] S1, a high-tin aluminum alloy slab with a thickness of 25 mm is prepared by using a belt horizontal continuous casting machine. The high-tin aluminum alloy slab includes the following components by weight percentage: 21.8% of Sn, 1.05% of Cu, 0.04% of Fe, 0.07% of Si, 0.13% of Ti, and the balance of Al. Specifically, the high-tin aluminum alloy melt at a temperature of 750℃ is passed through a channel into the front box of the belt continuous casting machine, and then passed through a nozzle into the cavity cooling, which includes two circulating rotating water-cooled steel belts or glass fibers, and the cooling speed is set to 80℃ / s. The cooled slab is pulled out through the pinch roll.

[0048] S2, a pure aluminum plate with a thickness of 1.2 mm is coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy slab, and the purity of the pure aluminum plate is ≥99.5%.

[0049] Before the pure aluminum plate is coated on the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy slab, annealing treatment is performed, the annealing temperature is set to 400℃, and the annealing time is set to 2h. The purpose of the annealing treatment is to further soften the pure aluminum plate, so as to facilitate subsequent large reduction rolling with the aluminum alloy slab.

[0050] The pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy slab are subjected to surface brushing treatment by using sand blasting method, which is mainly to increase the surface friction of the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy slab, and improve the cooperative deformation ability of the two workpieces. In the rolling process, the pure aluminum plate on the upper and lower surfaces binds the middle high-tin aluminum alloy slab, effectively avoiding the cracking tendency of the high-tin aluminum alloy slab.

[0051] S3, the rolling process parameters are set, and the high-tin aluminum alloy is cold-rolled at room temperature to obtain a plate. Specifically, the pure aluminum plate and the high-tin aluminum alloy slab are fixed by using a steel wire. Then, they are sent into the rolling mill for three-pass large reduction rolling. The first-pass rolling reduction is about 25%, the second-pass rolling reduction is about 27%, and the third-pass rolling reduction is about 21%. The high-tin aluminum alloy slab with a thickness of 23 mm is first rolled to 17.3 mm, then to 12.7 mm, and finally to 10 mm. In this embodiment, the rolling mill is a two-roll cold rolling mill commonly used in the metallurgical industry, and the rolling force is 300 tons.

[0052] S4, the pure aluminum plate coated on the surface of the plate is removed, and the plate is subjected to annealing treatment. The annealing treatment temperature is set to 350℃, and the annealing treatment time is set to 2h. A high-tin aluminum alloy plate with uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties is obtained. By using this annealing process, on the one hand, it is beneficial to the recovery and recrystallization of the aluminum alloy matrix in the high-tin aluminum alloy, which reduces the work hardening of the plate due to rolling deformation, and improves the mechanical properties of the plate. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the melting, breaking, diffusion and aggregation of the elongated tin band, which promotes the redistribution of the tin phase and the uniform dispersion of the tin phase in the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0053] In the embodiment, the annealing treatment of the pure aluminum plate and the annealing treatment of the high-tin aluminum alloy plate are both carried out in a hot air circulating furnace.

[0054] The mechanical property test is respectively carried out on the original high-tin aluminum alloy cast blank and the high-tin aluminum alloy plate prepared through the cold rolling-annealing treatment, and the results are shown in Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The internal tin phase of the high-tin aluminum alloy prepared through the method is changed from the original cast structure net distribution to fine and dispersed uniform distribution, the hardness is increased from the original 28.2HV to 47.3HV, the tensile strength is increased from the original cast state 93.6MPa to 115MPa, and is increased by 22.8%. The elongation is increased from the original cast state 13.6% to 23.5%, and is increased by 72.7%.

[0055] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. The equivalent substitutions or transformations made by the skilled in the art on the basis of the present application are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a high-tin aluminum alloy sheet, characterized in that: A pure aluminum plate is coated on the surface of a high-tin aluminum alloy casting billet, wherein the thickness of the high-tin aluminum alloy casting billet is 20~25mm and the thickness of the pure aluminum plate is 0.8~1.2mm. Rolling process parameters are set, and the high-tin aluminum alloy is cold rolled at room temperature. The number of rolling passes is set to 2~5, and the rolling reduction in each pass is 20~50%, to obtain the plate. Remove the pure aluminum sheet covering the surface of the sheet and anneal the sheet, specifically by holding the sheet at a temperature of 250~350℃ for 2~10 hours. The high-tin aluminum alloy billet comprises the following components by weight percentage: 17~22% Sn, 0.8~1.3% Cu, ≤0.1% Fe, ≤0.1% Si, ≤0.2% Ti, balance Al; The purity of the pure aluminum plate is ≥99.5%.

2. The method for manufacturing high-tin aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the pure aluminum plate is coated onto the surface of the high-tin aluminum alloy billet, it is first annealed. The annealing temperature is set to 300~400℃ and the annealing time is set to 2~10h.

3. The method for manufacturing high-tin aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the high-tin aluminum alloy billet and the pure aluminum plate are coated, they are first subjected to surface treatment to ensure the surface quality of the high-tin aluminum alloy billet and the pure aluminum plate to be bonded.

4. The method for manufacturing high-tin aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high-tin aluminum alloy billet is prepared by a belt casting machine. The high-tin aluminum alloy melt at a temperature of 700~780℃ enters the front box of the belt casting machine through a channel, and then enters the cooling chamber through the nozzle. The chamber includes two circulating water-cooled steel belts or glass fibers, with a cooling rate set at 60~100℃ / s. The cooled billet is pulled out by pinch rollers.

5. A high-tin aluminum alloy sheet, characterized in that: It is prepared by the manufacturing method of the high-tin aluminum alloy sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The application of the high-tin aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 5 in marine low-speed engine bearings.

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