Gear press assembly machine and press assembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gear press, which is used for press-fitting gears with internal splines and gear shafts with external splines. It is required that there is no relative rotational clearance after the gears and gear shafts are connected. The present invention designs a complete set of automatic gear press-fitting detection equipment, whose structure includes: a press-fitting support component, an industrial frequency heating component, a gear press-fitting component, a gear truss component, a gear placement tooling component, a cooling component, a gear back pressure detection component, a discharge truss component, as well as a peripheral protection component and an electric control cabinet. The beneficial effects of the present invention include: realizing automatic assembly of internal spline gears and gear shafts, causing little damage to the gears, being suitable for press-fitting gears and gear shafts with interference fit, having precise connection without rotational clearance after press-fitting, having a press-fitting self-inspection function, automatically screening out unqualified products, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and improving assembly efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of gear assembly equipment, and in particular to a gear press-fitting machine and a press-fitting method. Background Art

[0002] Gears and gear shafts are usually assembled through spline connections. The traditional assembly method is to manually hold the gear shaft with a spline shaft and rotate it to align it with the fixed gear with an internal spline, and then press it together using a press. This method has low efficiency and high labor intensity for workers.

[0003] To address the issue of manual tooth alignment and re-pressing, patent document CN201710185416.9 (publication number CN108080905A) describes an automatic spring assembly and disassembly device for internal and external spline gears. After the internal spline gear holder clamps the internal spline gear through an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism moves downward, creating elastic pressure between the internal and external spline teeth. A rotary power mechanism drives the internal spline gear to rotate through a rotary transmission mechanism. When the internal and external spline teeth are aligned, the resistance disappears, and the elastic mechanism causes the internal spline gear to move downward, thereby achieving gear press-fitting. However, this device can only be used when the internal spline and the spline shaft have a clearance fit to ensure smooth press-fitting. In addition, this press-fitting method may cause scratches on the tooth surface. Since rotational alignment inevitably results in one side of the internal and external splines being in contact, scratches may occur during the press-fitting process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a gear press fitting machine and press fitting method, which is suitable for press fitting of various gears and internal splines of gear shafts, has a high degree of automation, and press fitting does not damage the tooth surface.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A gear press machine, characterized by comprising:

[0007] A press-fit support assembly, used as a frame, the press-fit support assembly providing a support platform and a gantry;

[0008] A power frequency heating component is provided on the support platform, the power frequency heating component includes a heating main unit, a first gear placement platform is provided on the heating main unit, a power frequency heating pin is provided on the first gear placement platform, and a vertically movable power frequency heating floating seat is provided directly above the first gear placement platform;

[0009] A gear press-fitting assembly is provided on the supporting platform, comprising a gear positioning and clamping device, a press-fitting clamping device, and a gear shaft feeding assembly, wherein the gear positioning and clamping device is provided on the supporting platform, the press-fitting clamping device is provided directly above the gear positioning and clamping device, and the gear shaft feeding assembly is laterally provided between the gear positioning and clamping device and the press-fitting clamping device, and the gear shaft feeding assembly is provided with an upper slide block that can be horizontally moved to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device, so that the gear shaft on the upper slide block is directly opposite the press-fitting clamping device;

[0010] A gear placement tooling assembly is provided on the support platform and is used to place the press-fitted gear assembly. The gear placement tooling assembly includes a telescopic positioning member that moves vertically;

[0011] A cooling assembly is arranged on one side of the press-fit support assembly, and the cooling assembly includes a turntable cooling device for cooling the gear assembly by air cooling;

[0012] The gear truss assembly is arranged on the press-fitting support assembly and is used to transfer the gear on the first gear placement table to the gear positioning clamping device, and at the same time to transfer the gear assembly that has been press-fitted on the gear positioning clamping device to the gear placement tooling assembly.

[0013] A gear back pressure detection assembly is provided on the support platform. The gear back pressure detection assembly includes a gear detection support device, a detection upper motion device, and a gear displacement detection device. The gear detection support device is provided on the support platform to support the gear assembly. The detection upper motion device is provided above the support platform to press down the gear. The gear displacement detection device is provided with a displacement sensor to detect the relative displacement of the gear relative to the gear shaft.

[0014] The discharge truss assembly is arranged across the press-fitting support assembly and the cooling assembly, and is used to transport the gear assembly placed on the gear placement tooling assembly to the cooling assembly and connect it back and forth. The discharge truss assembly includes a transfer clamping mechanism for clamping the gear assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an output belt line, which is installed on the press-fit support assembly on one side of the gear back pressure detection assembly, and the output belt line is arranged horizontally.

[0016] Furthermore, the industrial frequency heating component also includes a gear shortage detection component, which includes a first mounting plate arranged on the side wall of the gantry, and a horizontally arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the first mounting plate, and the linear guide slider mechanism is provided with a sliding plate, and a laser displacement sensor is provided on the sliding plate through a mounting bracket, and the sliding plate is driven by a cylinder arranged on the right side of the first mounting plate; a vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the side wall of the gantry, and the industrial frequency heating floating seat is provided on the vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism, and a cylinder for driving the industrial frequency heating floating seat to move vertically is provided on the top of the gantry.

[0017] Furthermore, the gear positioning and clamping device includes a gear positioning seat, a movable positioning pin, and a flip pressing cylinder, wherein the gear positioning seat is fixedly arranged on the support platform, the movable positioning pin is vertically movably arranged at the center of the gear positioning seat, the flip pressing cylinder is arranged on the support platform on one side of the gear positioning seat, the flip pressing cylinder is connected with a pressure block symmetrical about the center of the gear positioning seat, the bottom of the movable positioning pin is connected to a guide shaft, the guide shaft and the guide hole in the gear positioning seat are matched through a copper sleeve, the lower end of the guide shaft is connected to the cylinder head seat, the cylinder head seat is sleeved with a first spring, the bottom of the gear positioning seat is connected to the cylinder connecting seat, the lower end of the cylinder connecting seat is connected to the jacking cylinder, the piston rod of the jacking cylinder is coaxial with the cylinder head seat, and the lower end of the first spring is limited on the jacking cylinder;

[0018] The press-fitting clamping device includes a second mounting plate, on which a vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided, a press-fitting slide is provided on the linear guide slider mechanism, a gear-matching chuck assembly is provided on the press-fitting slide, the gear-matching chuck assembly includes a servo motor and a pneumatic chuck, the pneumatic chuck is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor via an adapter mounting member, and a first electric cylinder assembly for driving the press-fitting slide to vertically lift and lower is provided on the top of the gantry;

[0019] The gear shaft feeding assembly also includes a feeding mounting plate laterally arranged on the second mounting plate, a linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the feeding mounting plate, the upper piece slider is slidably set on the linear guide slider mechanism, and a cylinder for driving the upper piece slider to move laterally is provided on the feeding mounting plate, and a gear shaft positioning sleeve is provided on the upper piece slider.

[0020] Furthermore, the gear placement tooling assembly also includes a sliding positioning seat, the telescopic positioning piece is slidingly fitted in the center of the sliding positioning seat, a copper sleeve is provided between the sliding positioning seat and the telescopic positioning piece, the lower end of the sliding positioning seat is connected to a cylinder that drives the telescopic positioning piece to move up and down, the upper end of the telescopic positioning piece has a positioning hole for positioning the gear shaft, and a bushing is embedded in the positioning hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the cooling assembly also includes a cooling bracket, the turntable cooling device is arranged on the cooling bracket, the turntable cooling device includes a reduction motor arranged on the cooling bracket, a turntable is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor, a plurality of placement holes are distributed along the circumference near the edge of the top surface of the turntable, each of the placement holes is provided with a protective cover, a blower is provided above the turntable, the air outlet of the blower is connected to a blowing duct, and the blowing duct faces the placement hole.

[0022] Furthermore, the gear truss assembly includes a transverse motion slide, a longitudinal motion slide, a telescopic motion slide, and a first cylinder clamp, wherein the transverse motion slide is arranged on the side of the support platform through a linear guide slider mechanism, and the press-fit support assembly is provided with a cylinder for driving the transverse motion slide to move transversely, and the longitudinal motion slide is arranged on the transverse motion slide through a linear guide slider mechanism, and the transverse motion slide is provided with a cylinder for driving the longitudinal motion slide to lift and lower longitudinally, and the longitudinal motion slide is T-shaped, and the telescopic motion slide is arranged on the top surface of the longitudinal motion slide through a linear guide slider mechanism, and the longitudinal motion slide is provided with a cylinder for driving the telescopic motion slide to move forward and backward, and the telescopic motion slide is H-shaped, and each of the two front feet of the telescopic motion slide is provided with a first cylinder clamp.

[0023] Furthermore, the gear back pressure detection assembly further includes a downward pressing sliding plate and a detection sliding plate, the downward pressing sliding plate and the detection sliding plate being arranged on the inner side wall of the gantry through the same set of linear guide slider mechanisms, the detection upper motion device being arranged on the downward pressing sliding plate, the top of the gantry being provided with a second electric cylinder assembly for driving the downward pressing sliding plate to move upward and downward, and the lower part of the detection upper motion device having a ring-shaped pressure head;

[0024] The gear displacement detection device is arranged on the detection sliding plate, the gantry is provided with a cylinder for driving the detection sliding plate to move vertically, the gear displacement detection device includes a sensor bracket arranged on the detection sliding plate, and the displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the sensor bracket;

[0025] The gear detection support device includes a coaxially arranged gear shaft support seat, a spring support mounting plate, and a spring lifting mounting plate. The gear shaft support seat is fixedly arranged on the support platform, the spring support mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the gear shaft support seat, and the spring lifting mounting plate is floatingly arranged above the spring support mounting plate. A plurality of second springs are evenly distributed in an annular manner between the spring lifting mounting plate and the spring support mounting plate. An optical axis is provided at the lower end of the spring lifting mounting plate, and a linear bearing cooperating with the optical axis is provided on the spring support mounting plate. A nylon plate is also provided on the top surface of the spring lifting mounting plate, and a gear shaft positioning hole is provided at the center of the nylon plate and the spring lifting mounting plate.

[0026] Furthermore, the output truss assembly includes a truss mounting frame, a truss sliding plate, and a truss lifting plate. The truss mounting frame is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixedly set on the press-fit support assembly, and the other end is supported by a column. The truss sliding plate is horizontally slidably set on the truss mounting frame through a linear guide slider assembly. The truss mounting frame is also provided with a screw nut mechanism that drives the truss sliding plate to move. The screw nut mechanism is driven by a servo motor. The truss lifting plate is vertically slidably set on the truss sliding plate through a linear guide slider mechanism. The truss sliding plate is provided with a driving A cylinder is provided for driving the vertical movement of the truss lifting plate. The truss sliding plate is also provided with a limit block for limiting the truss lifting plate. The transfer clamping mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the truss lifting plate. The transfer clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft connected to the bearing of the truss lifting plate, a gear is provided on the rotating shaft, and a rack meshing with the gear is provided on the truss lifting plate. The rack is driven by a cylinder provided on the truss lifting plate, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the second cylinder clamp. The truss lifting plate is also provided with a rotation limit block for limiting the rotation angle of the second cylinder clamp.

[0027] The present invention also aims to provide a gear press-fitting method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Place the gear into the power frequency heating machine to heat the spline inner hole in the center of the gear;

[0029] S2. The heated gear is moved to the press-fitting station by the gear truss assembly, positioned and pressed after it is tightened. The gear shaft loading assembly moves the gear shaft to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device. The pneumatic chuck clamps the gear shaft and starts press-fitting. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the gear shaft to approach the internal spline hole of the gear. The servo motor drives the gear shaft clamped by the pneumatic chuck to rotate. After the torque in the servo motor is calculated and it is determined that the spline on the gear shaft is engaged with the internal spline of the gear, the servo motor rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the press-fitting slide to press down to press the gear shaft and the gear.

[0030] S3. The press-fitted gear assembly is clamped and moved to the gear placement fixture assembly through the gear truss assembly;

[0031] S4. The gear assembly on the gear placement fixture assembly is clamped and transported to the turntable cooling device of the cooling assembly for circulating air cooling by the discharge truss assembly;

[0032] S5. The outgoing truss assembly then clamps the gear assembly from the cooling assembly and moves it to the back pressure detection station;

[0033] S6. The gear back pressure detection component rigidly supports the gear shaft of the gear assembly and adopts floating support for the gear. Then, the upper motion detection device presses the gear downward according to the preset pressure. The gear displacement detection device detects the displacement of the gear to determine whether the gear press-fit is qualified.

[0034] S7. The output truss assembly then moves the tested gear assembly to the output belt line. The output belt line is controlled by the test result of the gear back pressure detection assembly, so that the forward or reverse movement makes the tested gear assembly enter the qualified or unqualified area.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: realizing automatic assembly of internal spline gears and gear shafts, using a cold and hot pressing method to minimize damage to the gears, being suitable for pressing gears and gear shafts with interference fits, having precise connections after pressing with no rotational clearance, having a press-fit self-inspection function, automatically screening out unqualified products, reducing workers' labor intensity, and improving assembly efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention (protective components are not shown);

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power frequency heating component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gear press assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gear placement tooling assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8is a schematic structural diagram of the gear truss assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear back pressure detection assembly of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outgoing truss structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0047] A kind of Figure 1-10 The gear press shown is used for press-fitting gears with internal splines and gear shafts with external splines. It requires that there is no relative rotational clearance after the gears and gear shafts are connected. The present invention designs a complete set of automatic gear press-fitting detection equipment, whose structure includes: a press-fitting support component 1, an industrial frequency heating component 2, a gear press-fitting component 3, a gear truss component 6, a gear placement tooling component 4, a cooling component 5, a gear back pressure detection component 7, a discharge truss component 8, as well as peripheral protection components and an electrical control cabinet, so that the gears and gear shafts can be automatically press-fitted and automatically detected, and a cold and hot press-fitting method is used to avoid tooth damage. The servo motor is used to align the teeth to ensure that the spline teeth are pressed in with a facing posture to avoid scratches on the tooth surface. The connection stability of the gear and the gear shaft is then detected by back pressure to screen out qualified gear assemblies.

[0048] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the press-fitting support assembly 1 is used as a frame, and the press-fitting support assembly 1 provides a support platform 11 and a gantry 12; a protective assembly is set on the outside of the press-fitting support assembly 1 to surround the press-fitting support assembly 1, leaving only the workpiece loading port and the qualified product output port.

[0049] like Figure 3As shown, the power frequency heating assembly 2 is mounted on the support platform 11. The power frequency heating assembly 2 includes a heating main unit 21, on which is mounted a first gear placement platform 23. The first gear placement platform 23 is provided with a power frequency heating pin 22. A vertically movable power frequency heating floating seat 24 is disposed directly above the first gear placement platform 23. The power frequency heating assembly 2 also includes a gear shortage detection assembly. The gear shortage detection assembly includes a first mounting plate 25 mounted on the side wall of the gantry 12. The first mounting plate 25 is provided with a horizontally arranged linear guide slider mechanism. The linear guide slider mechanism is provided with a sliding plate. A laser displacement sensor 27 is mounted on the sliding plate via a mounting bracket 26. The sliding plate is driven by a cylinder mounted on the right side of the first mounting plate 25. A vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is mounted on the side wall of the gantry 12. The power frequency heating floating seat 24 is mounted on this vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism. A cylinder is provided at the top of the gantry 12 to drive the power frequency heating floating seat 24 in vertical motion. Before each power frequency heating floating seat 24 is pressed down, the gear shortage detection component is pre-activated to detect whether the power frequency heating pin 22 has a gear positioned thereon. After the detection is completed, it is removed, and then the power frequency heating pin 22 and the power frequency heating floating seat 24 are energized to perform power frequency heating on the spline hole inside the gear.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the gear press assembly 3 is mounted on the support platform 11 and includes a gear positioning and clamping device 31, a press-fitting and clamping device 32, and a gear shaft loading assembly 33. The gear positioning and clamping device 31 is mounted on the support platform 11 and is used to position and clamp the gear. The press-fitting and clamping device 32 is positioned directly above the gear positioning and clamping device 31. The gear shaft loading assembly 33 is positioned horizontally between the gear positioning and clamping device 31 and the press-fitting and clamping device 32. The gear shaft loading assembly 33 includes a loading slide 331 that can be moved horizontally below the press-fitting and clamping device 32, positioning the gear shaft on the loading slide 331 directly opposite the press-fitting and clamping device 32.

[0051] like Figure 4 and 5As shown, the gear positioning and clamping device 31 includes a gear positioning seat 311, a movable positioning pin 312, and a tilting and pressing cylinder 313. The gear positioning seat 311 is fixedly mounted on the support platform 11, and the movable positioning pin 312 is vertically movable and arranged at the center of the gear positioning seat 311, and is used to position the gear on the movable positioning pin 312. The tilting and pressing cylinder 313 is arranged on the support platform 11 on one side of the gear positioning seat 311, and is connected to a pressure block symmetrical about the center of the gear positioning seat 311. The bottom of the movable positioning pin 312 is connected to a guide shaft 314. The guide shaft 314 and the guide hole in the gear positioning seat 311 are matched through a copper sleeve 315 to ensure the accuracy and smoothness of vertical movement. The lower end of the guide shaft 314 is connected to a cylinder head seat 316, which is sleeved with a first spring 317. The bottom of the gear positioning seat 311 is connected to a cylinder connection seat 318, and the lower end of the cylinder connection seat 318 is connected to a lifting cylinder 319. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 319 is coaxial with the cylinder head seat 316, and the lower end of the first spring 317 is restrained by the lifting cylinder 319. This structure allows the movable positioning pin 312 to be floating. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 319 is not directly connected to the cylinder head seat 316. The lifting cylinder 319 only serves to reset the movable positioning pin 312. When the gear shaft is press-fitted, it pushes the movable positioning pin 312 downward, compressing the first spring 317.

[0052] The press-fitting and clamping device 32 includes a second mounting plate 321, which is mounted between the support platform 11 and the gantry 12. A vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is mounted on the second mounting plate 321. A press-fitting slide 322 is mounted on the press-fitting slide 322. A gear-matching chuck assembly is mounted on the press-fitting slide 322. The gear-matching chuck assembly includes a servo motor 323 and a pneumatic chuck 324. The pneumatic chuck 324 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 323 via an adapter mounting member 325. A first electric cylinder assembly 326 is mounted on the top of the gantry 12 to drive the press-fitting slide 322 vertically upward and downward. When the gear shaft is transported to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device 32, the first electric cylinder assembly 326 extends to drive the press-fitting slide 322 to move downward, and the pneumatic chuck 324 clamps the upper end of the gear shaft, then moves upward to remove the gear shaft from the gear shaft loading assembly 33, and then moves downward to make the lower end of the gear shaft contact the gear positioned on the movable positioning pin 312. The servo motor 323 drives the pneumatic chuck 324 to rotate, and the torque feedback module of the servo motor determines whether the spline teeth of the gear shaft are engaged with the internal spline of the gear. At this time, the servo motor 323 reverses a predetermined angle so that the external spline of the gear shaft is aligned with the internal spline of the gear, avoiding one side of the external spline from being close to the internal spline, thereby avoiding scratches or distortion during the press-fitting process.

[0053] The gear shaft loading assembly 33 also includes a feeding mounting plate 332 horizontally arranged on the second mounting plate 321, and a linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the feeding mounting plate 332, and an upper piece slider 331 is slidably provided on the linear guide slider mechanism, and a cylinder for driving the upper piece slider 331 to move horizontally is provided on the feeding mounting plate 332, and a gear shaft positioning sleeve 333 is provided on the upper piece slider 331. The upper piece slider 331 can extend out of the protective device to facilitate the loading of the gear shaft, and automatically retracts to a position opposite to the press-fitting clamping device 32 after the loading is completed.

[0054] like Figure 6 The gear placement tooling assembly 4 shown is arranged on the support platform 11 and is used to place the press-fitted gear assembly. The gear placement tooling assembly 4 includes a telescopic positioning member 41 that moves vertically. The gear placement tooling assembly 4 also includes a sliding positioning seat 42, and the telescopic positioning member 41 is slidingly fitted in the center of the sliding positioning seat 42. A copper sleeve is provided between the sliding positioning seat 42 and the telescopic positioning member 41. The lower end of the sliding positioning seat 42 is connected to a cylinder that drives the telescopic positioning member 41 to move up and down. The upper end of the telescopic positioning member 41 has a positioning hole for positioning the gear shaft, and a bushing is embedded in the positioning hole. The gear placement tooling assembly 4 is used for temporary intermediate turnover placement to facilitate the handover between the gear truss assembly 6 and the output truss assembly 8.

[0055] like Figure 7 The cooling assembly 5 shown is arranged on one side of the press-fit support assembly 1. The cooling assembly 5 includes a turntable cooling device 51 for cooling the gear assembly through air cooling. The cooling assembly 5 also includes a cooling bracket 52. The turntable cooling device 51 is arranged on the cooling bracket 52. The turntable cooling device 51 includes a reduction motor 511 arranged on the cooling bracket 52. The output shaft of the reduction motor 511 is connected to a turntable 512, thereby driving the turntable 512 to rotate. The top surface of the turntable 512 is provided with a plurality of placement holes distributed along the circumference near the edge. Each placement hole is provided with a protective cover 513 for placing the gear assembly. A blower 514 is provided above the turntable 512. The air outlet of the blower 514 is connected to a blowing duct 515, and the blowing duct 515 faces the placement hole. The gear assembly is quickly cooled by air cooling during the rotation of the turntable.

[0056] like Figure 8The gear truss assembly 6 shown is arranged on the press-fitting support assembly 1 and is used to transfer the gear on the first gear placement platform 23 to the gear positioning clamping device 31, and at the same time to transfer the gear assembly that has been press-fitted on the gear positioning clamping device 31 to the gear placement tooling assembly 4. The gear truss assembly 6 includes a transverse motion slide 61, a longitudinal motion slide 62, a telescopic motion slide 63, and a first cylinder clamp 64. The transverse motion slide 61 is arranged on the side of the support platform 11 via a linear guide slider mechanism, and the press-fitting support assembly 1 is provided with a cylinder that drives the transverse motion slide 61 to move laterally. The longitudinal motion slide 62 is arranged on the transverse motion slide 61 via a linear guide slider mechanism, and the transverse motion slide 61 is provided with a cylinder that drives the longitudinal motion slide 62 to move up and down longitudinally. The longitudinal motion slide 62 is T-shaped, and the telescopic motion slide 63 is arranged on the top surface of the longitudinal motion slide 62 via a linear guide slider mechanism. The longitudinal motion slide 62 is provided with a cylinder that drives the telescopic motion slide 63 to move forward and backward. The telescopic motion slide 63 is H-shaped. A first cylinder clamp 64 is provided on each of the two front feet of the telescopic motion slide 63. The first cylinder clamp 64 is two relatively moving clamps driven by a cylinder and is used to clamp the outer ring of the gear.

[0057] like Figure 9 The gear back pressure detection assembly 7 shown is arranged on the support platform 11. The gear back pressure detection assembly 7 includes a gear detection support device 71, a detection upper motion device 72, and a gear displacement detection device 73. The gear detection support device 71 is arranged on the support platform 11 to support the gear assembly. The detection upper motion device 72 is arranged above the support platform 11 to press down the gear. The gear displacement detection device 73 is provided with a displacement sensor to detect the relative displacement of the gear relative to the gear shaft.

[0058] The gear back-pressure detection assembly 7 also includes a downward pressing slide plate 74 and a detection slide plate 75, which are mounted on the inner sidewall of the gantry 12 via a common linear guide slider mechanism. The detection upper motion device 72 is mounted on the downward pressing slide plate 74. A second electric cylinder assembly 76 is mounted on the top of the gantry 12 to drive the downward pressing slide plate 74 up and down. The lower portion of the detection upper motion device 72 has an annular pressure head that contacts the upper end face of the gear, evenly pressing the gear downward. The amount of pressure is controlled by the second electric cylinder assembly 76.

[0059] The gear displacement detection device 73 is mounted on a detection slide plate 75. A pneumatic cylinder is mounted on the gantry 12 to drive the detection slide plate 75 vertically. The gear displacement detection device 73 includes a sensor bracket mounted on the detection slide plate 75, with a displacement sensor fixed to the bracket. When the gear assembly is positioned, the sensor bracket moves upward to prevent interference during gear positioning. Once the gear assembly is positioned, the sensor bracket is driven downward by the pneumatic cylinder, placing the displacement sensor in close contact with the upper end face of the gear. A sensor clearance groove is provided on the upper motion detection device 72.

[0060] The gear detection support device 71 comprises a coaxially arranged gear shaft support seat 711, a spring support mounting plate 712, and a spring lift mounting plate 713. The gear shaft support seat 711 is fixedly mounted on the support platform 11, the spring support mounting plate 712 is fixedly mounted above the gear shaft support seat 711, and the spring lift mounting plate 713 is floatingly mounted above the spring support mounting plate 712. A plurality of second springs 714 are evenly distributed in a ring between the spring lift mounting plate 713 and the spring support mounting plate 712. This provides rigid support for the gear shaft and floating support for the gear. An optical axis 715 is provided at the lower end of the spring lift mounting plate 713. A linear bearing 716 is provided on the spring support mounting plate 712, cooperating with the optical axis 715 and ensuring that the gear does not tilt during the downward pressure. A nylon plate 717 is also provided on the top surface of the spring lift mounting plate 713. Gear shaft positioning holes are located at the center of the nylon plate 717 and the spring lift mounting plate 713. The nylon plate 717 protects the gear from being crushed.

[0061] like Figure 10The discharge truss assembly 8 shown is arranged across the press-fitting support assembly 1 and the cooling assembly 5, and is used to transport the gear assembly placed on the gear placement tooling assembly 4 to the cooling assembly 5, and to connect them back and forth. The discharge truss assembly 8 includes a transfer clamping mechanism, which is used to clamp the gear assembly and place it on the gear back-pressure detection station, and is also used to clamp the detected gear assembly onto the output belt line. The discharge truss assembly 8 includes a truss mounting frame 81, a truss sliding plate 82, and a truss lifting plate 83. The truss mounting frame 81 is arranged horizontally, with one end fixed on the press-fitting support assembly 1 and the other end supported by a column. The truss sliding plate 82 is horizontally slidably arranged on the truss mounting frame 81 through a linear guide slider assembly. The truss mounting frame 81 is also provided with a screw nut mechanism that drives the truss sliding plate 82 to move, and the screw nut mechanism is driven by a servo motor. The truss lift plate 83 slides vertically on the truss sliding plate 82 via a linear guide slider mechanism. The truss sliding plate 82 is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder that drives the vertical movement of the truss lift plate 83. The truss sliding plate 82 is also equipped with a limit block 84 to limit the lifting and lowering range of the truss lift plate 83. A rotation and clamping mechanism is located at the bottom of the truss lift plate 83. The rotation and clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft 85 connected to the bearing of the truss lift plate 83. A gear 86 is mounted on the rotating shaft 85. A rack 87 is mounted on the truss lift plate 83, meshing with the gear 86. The rack 87 is driven by a pneumatic cylinder mounted on the truss lift plate 83. A second pneumatic clamp 88 is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 85. The second pneumatic clamp 88 has the same structure as the first pneumatic clamp 64. A rotation limit block 89 is also provided on the truss lift plate 83 to limit the rotation angle of the second pneumatic clamp 88, which has a rotation angle of 0-90°.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the output belt line 90 is installed on the press-fit support assembly 1 on one side of the gear back pressure detection assembly 7. The output belt line 90 is arranged horizontally and is used to output the gear assembly after passing the inspection.

[0063] The gear press-fitting method using the gear press-fitting machine of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1. Place the gear into the power frequency heating machine to heat the spline inner hole in the center of the gear;

[0065] S2. The heated gear is moved to the press-fitting station by the gear truss assembly, positioned and pressed after it is tightened. The gear shaft loading assembly moves the gear shaft to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device. The pneumatic chuck clamps the gear shaft and starts press-fitting. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the gear shaft to approach the internal spline hole of the gear. The servo motor drives the gear shaft clamped by the pneumatic chuck to rotate. After the torque in the servo motor is calculated and it is determined that the spline on the gear shaft is engaged with the internal spline of the gear, the servo motor rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the press-fitting slide to press down to press the gear shaft and the gear.

[0066] S3. The press-fitted gear assembly is clamped and moved to the gear placement fixture assembly through the gear truss assembly;

[0067] S4. The gear assembly on the gear placement fixture assembly is clamped and transported to the turntable cooling device of the cooling assembly for circulating air cooling by the outgoing truss assembly;

[0068] S5. The outgoing truss assembly then clamps the gear assembly from the cooling assembly and moves it to the back pressure detection station;

[0069] S6. The gear back pressure detection component rigidly supports the gear shaft of the gear assembly and adopts floating support for the gear. Then, the upper motion detection device presses the gear downward according to the preset pressure. The gear displacement detection device detects the displacement of the gear to determine whether the gear press-fit is qualified.

[0070] S7. The output truss assembly then moves the tested gear assembly to the output belt line. The output belt line is controlled by the test result of the gear back pressure detection assembly, so that the forward or reverse movement makes the tested gear assembly enter the qualified or unqualified area.

[0071] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear press, characterized in that: include: A press-fit support assembly (1) used as a frame, wherein the press-fit support assembly (1) provides a support platform (11) and a gantry (12); An industrial frequency heating component (2) is arranged on the supporting platform (11), the industrial frequency heating component (2) includes a heating main unit (21), a first gear placement platform (23) is provided on the heating main unit (21), an industrial frequency heating pin (22) is provided on the first gear placement platform (23), and a vertically movable industrial frequency heating floating seat (24) is provided directly above the first gear placement platform (23); A gear press-fitting assembly (3) is arranged on the support platform (11), the gear press-fitting assembly (3) comprises a gear positioning clamping device (31), a press-fitting clamping device (32), and a gear shaft loading assembly (33), wherein the gear positioning clamping device (31) is arranged on the support platform (11), the press-fitting clamping device (32) is arranged directly above the gear positioning clamping device (31), the gear shaft loading assembly (33) is horizontally arranged between the gear positioning clamping device (31) and the press-fitting clamping device (32), and the gear shaft loading assembly (33) has an upper slide block (331) that can be horizontally moved to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device (32), so that the gear shaft on the upper slide block (331) is directly opposite the press-fitting clamping device (32); A gear placement tool assembly (4) is provided on the support platform (11) and is used to place the press-fitted gear assembly, wherein the gear placement tool assembly (4) includes a telescopic positioning member (41) that moves vertically; A cooling assembly (5) is arranged on one side of the press-fit support assembly (1), the cooling assembly (5) comprising a turntable cooling device (51) for cooling the gear assembly by air cooling; A gear truss assembly (6) is provided on the press-fitting support assembly (1) and is used to transfer the gear on the first gear placement platform (23) to the gear positioning clamping device (31), and is also used to transfer the gear assembly that has been press-fitted on the gear positioning clamping device (31) to the gear placement fixture assembly (4). A gear back pressure detection assembly (7) is arranged on the support platform (11), and the gear back pressure detection assembly (7) includes a gear detection support device (71), a detection upper motion device (72), and a gear displacement detection device (73). The gear detection support device (71) is arranged on the support platform (11) and is used to support the gear assembly. The detection upper motion device (72) is arranged above the support platform (11) and is used to press the gear downward. The gear displacement detection device (73) is provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the relative displacement of the gear relative to the gear shaft. The discharge truss assembly (8) is arranged between the press-fitting support assembly (1) and the cooling assembly (5) and is used to transport the gear assembly placed on the gear placement tooling assembly (4) to the cooling assembly (5) and to connect them back and forth. The discharge truss assembly (8) includes a transfer clamping mechanism for clamping the gear assembly.

2. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an output belt line (9), wherein the output belt line (90) is installed on the press-fit support assembly (1) on one side of the gear back pressure detection assembly (7), and the output belt line (90) is arranged horizontally.

3. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power frequency heating component (2) also includes a gear shortage detection component, which includes a first mounting plate (25) arranged on the side wall of the gantry (12), a laterally arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the first mounting plate (25), the linear guide slider mechanism is provided with a sliding plate, a laser displacement sensor (27) is provided on the sliding plate through a mounting bracket (26), and the sliding plate is driven by a cylinder provided on the right side of the first mounting plate (25); a vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the side wall of the gantry (12), the power frequency heating floating seat (24) is provided on the vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism, and a cylinder for driving the power frequency heating floating seat (24) to move vertically is provided on the top of the gantry (12).

4. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear positioning and clamping device (31) comprises a gear positioning seat (311), a movable positioning pin (312), and a flip pressing cylinder (313), wherein the gear positioning seat (311) is fixedly arranged on the support platform (11), the movable positioning pin (312) is vertically movable and arranged at the center of the gear positioning seat (311), the flip pressing cylinder (313) is arranged on the support platform (11) on one side of the gear positioning seat (311), the flip pressing cylinder (313) is connected to a pressure block symmetrical with respect to the center of the gear positioning seat (311), and the bottom of the movable positioning pin (312) is connected to a pressure block symmetrical with respect to the center of the gear positioning seat (311). A guide shaft (314), wherein the guide shaft (314) is matched with the guide hole in the gear positioning seat (311) via a copper sleeve (315), the lower end of the guide shaft (314) is connected to a cylinder head seat (316), the cylinder head seat (316) is sleeved with a first spring (317), the bottom of the gear positioning seat (311) is connected to a cylinder connecting seat (318), the lower end of the cylinder connecting seat (318) is connected to a lifting cylinder (319), the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (319) is coaxial with the cylinder head seat (316), and the lower end of the first spring (317) is limited to the lifting cylinder (319); The press-fitting clamping device (32) includes a second mounting plate (321), a vertically arranged linear guide slider mechanism is provided on the second mounting plate (321), a press-fitting slide (322) is provided on the linear guide slider mechanism, a gear-matching chuck assembly is provided on the press-fitting slide (322), the gear-matching chuck assembly includes a servo motor (323) and a pneumatic chuck (324), the pneumatic chuck (324) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (323) via a switching mounting member (325), and a first electric cylinder assembly (326) for driving the press-fitting slide (322) to vertically lift is provided on the top of the gantry (12); The gear shaft loading assembly (33) further includes a feeding mounting plate (332) laterally arranged on the second mounting plate (321); a linear guide rail slider mechanism is provided on the feeding mounting plate (332); the upper piece slider (331) is slidably provided on the linear guide rail slider mechanism; a cylinder for driving the upper piece slider (331) to move laterally is provided on the feeding mounting plate (332); and a gear shaft positioning sleeve (333) is provided on the upper piece slider (331).

5. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear placement tooling assembly (4) further includes a sliding positioning seat (42), the telescopic positioning member (41) is slidingly fitted at the center of the sliding positioning seat (42), a copper sleeve is provided between the sliding positioning seat (42) and the telescopic positioning member (41), the lower end of the sliding positioning seat (42) is connected to a cylinder for driving the telescopic positioning member (41) to move up and down, the upper end of the telescopic positioning member (41) has a positioning hole for positioning the gear shaft, and a bushing is embedded in the positioning hole.

6. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (5) further includes a cooling bracket (52), the turntable cooling device (51) is arranged on the cooling bracket (52), the turntable cooling device (51) includes a reduction motor (511) arranged on the cooling bracket (52), a turntable (512) is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor (511), a top surface of the turntable (512) is provided with a plurality of placement holes distributed along the circumference near the edge, each of the placement holes is provided with a protective cover (513), a blower (514) is provided above the turntable (512), an air outlet of the blower (514) is connected to a blowing duct (515), and the blowing duct (515) faces the placement holes.

7. The gear press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear truss assembly (6) includes a transverse motion slide (61), a longitudinal motion slide (62), a telescopic motion slide (63), and a first cylinder clamp (64), wherein the transverse motion slide (61) is arranged on the side of the support platform (11) through a linear guide slider mechanism, and the press-fit support assembly (1) is provided with a cylinder for driving the transverse motion slide (61) to move transversely, the longitudinal motion slide (62) is arranged on the transverse motion slide (61) through a linear guide slider mechanism, and the transverse motion The slide (61) is provided with a cylinder for driving the longitudinal motion slide (62) to move up and down longitudinally. The longitudinal motion slide (62) is in a T-shape. The telescopic motion slide (63) is arranged on the top surface of the longitudinal motion slide (62) through a linear guide slider mechanism. The longitudinal motion slide (62) is provided with a cylinder for driving the telescopic motion slide (63) to move forward and backward. The telescopic motion slide (63) is in an H-shape. The two front feet of the telescopic motion slide (63) are each provided with a first cylinder clamp (64).

8. The gear press assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear back pressure detection assembly (7) further includes a downward pressing sliding plate (74) and a detection sliding plate (75), wherein the downward pressing sliding plate (74) and the detection sliding plate (75) are arranged on the inner side wall of the gantry (12) through the same set of linear guide rail slider mechanisms, the detection upper motion device (72) is arranged on the downward pressing sliding plate (74), and the top of the gantry (12) is provided with a second electric cylinder assembly (76) for driving the downward pressing sliding plate (74) to move up and down, and the lower part of the detection upper motion device (72) has a ring-shaped pressure head; The gear displacement detection device (73) is arranged on the detection sliding plate (75), and a cylinder for driving the detection sliding plate (75) to move vertically is arranged on the gantry (12). The gear displacement detection device (73) includes a sensor bracket arranged on the detection sliding plate (75), and the displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the sensor bracket; The gear detection support device (71) comprises a coaxially arranged gear shaft support seat (711), a spring support mounting plate (712), and a spring lifting mounting plate (713), wherein the gear shaft support seat (711) is fixedly arranged on the support platform (11), the spring support mounting plate (712) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the gear shaft support seat (711), and the spring lifting mounting plate (713) is floatingly arranged above the spring support mounting plate (712). A plurality of second springs (714) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern between the spring lifting mounting plate (713) and the spring support mounting plate (712); an optical axis (715) is provided at the lower end of the spring lifting mounting plate (713); a linear bearing (716) matched with the optical axis (715) is provided on the spring support mounting plate (712); a nylon plate (717) is further provided on the top surface of the spring lifting mounting plate (713); a gear shaft positioning hole is provided at the center of the nylon plate (717) and the spring lifting mounting plate (713).

9. The gear press assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output truss assembly (8) includes a truss mounting frame (81), a truss sliding plate (82), and a truss lifting plate (83). The truss mounting frame (81) is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixedly arranged on the press-fit support assembly (1), and the other end is supported by a column. The truss sliding plate (82) is horizontally slidably arranged on the truss mounting frame (81) through a linear guide slider assembly. The truss mounting frame (81) is also provided with a screw nut mechanism for driving the truss sliding plate (82) to move. The screw nut mechanism is driven by a servo motor. The truss lifting plate (83) is vertically slidably arranged on the truss sliding plate (82) through a linear guide slider mechanism. The truss sliding plate (82) is provided with a mechanism for driving the truss lifting plate (83) to move vertically. The truss sliding plate (82) is further provided with a limit block (84) for limiting the truss lifting plate (83). The transfer clamping mechanism is provided at the lower part of the truss lifting plate (83). The transfer clamping mechanism includes a rotating shaft (85) connected to the bearing of the truss lifting plate (83). A gear (86) is provided on the rotating shaft (85). The truss lifting plate (83) is provided with a rack (87) meshing with the gear (86). The rack (87) is driven by a cylinder provided on the truss lifting plate (83). The lower end of the rotating shaft (85) is connected to a second cylinder clamp (88). The truss lifting plate (83) is further provided with a rotation limit block (89) for limiting the rotation angle of the second cylinder clamp (88).

10. A gear press-fitting method using the gear press-fitting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Place the gear into the power frequency heating machine to heat the spline inner hole in the center of the gear; S2. The heated gear is moved to the press-fitting station by the gear truss assembly, positioned and pressed after it is tightened. The gear shaft loading assembly moves the gear shaft to the bottom of the press-fitting clamping device. The pneumatic chuck clamps the gear shaft and starts press-fitting. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the gear shaft to approach the internal spline hole of the gear. The servo motor drives the gear shaft clamped by the pneumatic chuck to rotate. After the torque in the servo motor is calculated and it is determined that the spline on the gear shaft is engaged with the internal spline of the gear, the servo motor rotates in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle. The first electric cylinder assembly drives the press-fitting slide to press down to press the gear shaft and the gear. S3. The press-fitted gear assembly is clamped and moved to the gear placement fixture assembly through the gear truss assembly; S4. The gear assembly on the gear placement fixture assembly is clamped and transported to the turntable cooling device of the cooling assembly for circulating air cooling by the discharge truss assembly; S5. The outgoing truss assembly then clamps the gear assembly from the cooling assembly and moves it to the back pressure detection station; S6. The gear back pressure detection component rigidly supports the gear shaft of the gear assembly and adopts floating support for the gear. Then, the upper motion detection device presses the gear downward according to the preset pressure. The gear displacement detection device detects the displacement of the gear to determine whether the gear press-fit is qualified. S7. The output truss assembly then moves the tested gear assembly to the output belt line. The output belt line is controlled by the test result of the gear back pressure detection assembly, so that the forward or reverse movement makes the tested gear assembly enter the qualified or unqualified area.

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