A spinning oil special for dry spandex warp knitting

Abstract

This invention discloses a spinning oil specifically for dry-knitting spandex warp yarns. The spinning oil comprises 80-93% fluid lubricant, 3-10% emulsifier, 0.5-5% antistatic agent, 0.1-2% unwinding aid, and 0.5-5% boundary lubricant, all by weight. This invention introduces a boundary lubricant comprising one or more of ionic surfactants, modified silicone, polyethers, and aliphatic compounds. The introduction of the boundary lubricant forms an effective protective film on the fiber surface, improving oil film strength, reducing the coefficient of friction between the fiber and processing equipment, reducing wear and breakage during subsequent warping and weaving processes, minimizing fabric defects, and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a spinning oil for spandex, and more particularly to a spinning oil specifically for dry spandex warp knitting. Background Technology

[0002] Spandex, a polyurethane elastic fiber, is a type of chemical fiber. Due to its excellent stretchability and resilience, it is widely used in textile and apparel fabrics, especially in sportswear, swimwear, and high-end knitted fabrics, becoming an indispensable component in this field. Currently, spandex production is mainly based on dry spinning, with a small amount using wet spinning and melt spinning. Spinning oils, as auxiliary lubricants in the production and subsequent processing of chemical fibers, can effectively adjust and improve the fiber's frictional properties and antistatic properties, ensuring smooth fiber winding, unwinding, and weaving processes.

[0003] Due to the wide variety of downstream weaving equipment and processes, the performance requirements for spandex also differ. If the differentiation of all spandex properties is achieved solely through adjustments to the polymerization and spinning processes of the spandex dope, it would pose a significant challenge to production management and control. Therefore, spinning oils, as auxiliary additives, can assist spandex in successfully completing the downstream weaving process by adjusting their formulations to achieve different properties. As is well known, warp knitting is one of the processes with the highest requirements for fiber performance in the textile industry, especially for the production of high-end warp-knitted fabrics. Warp knitting generally consists of two processes. The first step is the warping process, typically involving more than 700 yarn bobbins, unwinding at a speed of no less than 200 m / min, passing through numerous ceramic or metal guides, reeds, and other friction devices, and finally winding onto a warp head. Therefore, it places extremely high demands on the fiber's unwinding ability, smoothness, and antistatic properties. During the weaving process, the metal needles pull the fibers at extremely high frequencies, thus also requiring high abrasion resistance.

[0004] Current reports mainly focus on specific properties of spandex spinning oils, optimizing them through different principles and methods. For example, patent CN 1696395A describes a spandex spinning oil that improves antistatic properties by using polyether and polyether-modified organosilicon; patent CN 107558234B describes a spandex spinning oil with uniform unwinding on both the surface and inner layers, using silanes and silicone resins with special functional groups to enhance the oil's adsorption on the spandex surface, preventing migration and thus improving the unwinding uniformity of the surface and inner layers; patent CN 111137881B describes a siloxane-modified graphene oxide spandex spinning oil and its preparation method, synthesizing siloxane-modified graphene oxide and introducing it into the spandex spinning oil, resulting in good slip and excellent unwinding properties for spandex yarns; patent CN... The spandex oiling agent with high unwinding tension described in patent 102877296B achieves appropriate slip properties by using alkyl-modified organosilicon, polyether-modified organosilicon, or phenyl-modified organosilicon and high-carbon isomeric fatty alcohols, while simultaneously reducing the coefficient of friction between the fiber and metal. The patents listed above only mention improvements and enhancements to certain properties of the oiling agent, but do not specify the specific application areas of the improved product. Currently available spandex oiling agents, when used in warp knitting processes, often result in yarn breakage due to poor unwinding or high friction, or large fluctuations in fiber tension during warping due to poor antistatic properties, leading to uneven yarn winding and thus affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical Problem: The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a spinning oil specifically for dry spandex warp knitting, based on the actual needs of warp knitting processes. By studying the boundary friction behavior of fibers, a boundary lubricant is introduced. Simultaneously, the compatibility and synergistic effect of the antistatic agent structure and formulation system are studied, thereby effectively improving the fiber's abrasion resistance, smoothness, unwinding, and antistatic properties, enabling it to meet the processing requirements of warp knitting.

[0006] Technical solution: This invention is a spinning oil specifically for dry-process spandex warp knitting, which comprises, by weight percentage:

[0007] Fluid lubricant 80-93%,

[0008] Emulsifier 3-10%,

[0009] Antistatic agent 0.5-5%,

[0010] Unwinding aid 0.1-2%,

[0011] Boundary lubricant 0.5-5%.

[0012] The fluid lubricant is one or more of the following: dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 5-50 mPa·s at 25°C, industrial white oil with a viscosity of 5-100 mPa·s at 25°C, and ester synthetic oil with a viscosity of 10-100 mPa·s at 25°C. The dimethyl silicone oil accounts for more than 20% of the total weight of the lubricant, and the ester synthetic oil is one or more of a monoester or a polyester.

[0013] The emulsifier is a composition of various ionic or nonionic surfactants, including at least two or more mixtures of oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, Span 20, Span 80, Span 85, Span 60, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, and fatty amides.

[0014] The antistatic agent is one or more of the following: potassium salt, ammonium salt or ethanolamine salt of alkyl alcohol, sodium salt of alkyl alcohol polyether phosphate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, and quaternary ammonium salt; the unwinding aid is magnesium stearate.

[0015] The boundary lubricant comprises any one or a combination of several of ionic surfactants, modified silicones, polyethers, and aliphatic compounds.

[0016] The ionic surfactant is one or more of the following anionic surfactants: alkyl phosphates, alkyl polyether phosphates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl polyether sulfonates; or a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant.

[0017] The modified organosilicon is one or more of alkyl-modified organosilicon, polyether-modified organosilicon, amino-modified organosilicon, fatty acid-modified organosilicon, alkyl-polyether-modified organosilicon, polyether-amino co-modified organosilicon, and quaternary ammonium salt-modified organosilicon.

[0018] The polyether is a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or a homopolymer of propylene oxide with a molecular weight of 400 to 2000.

[0019] The aliphatic compounds include one or more of fatty acids, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty amines, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, synthetic esters, and fatty alcohol phosphates and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates.

[0020] The aliphatic chains in the aliphatic compounds are C8 to C9. 22 It can be a single structure or a mixture of multiple structures, including straight-chain or branched structures, saturated or unsaturated structures.

[0021] The anionic surfactant has an alkyl chain of C8 to C99. 22 It can be a single structure or a mixture of multiple structures, including straight-chain or branched structures, saturated or unsaturated structures.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a spinning oil specifically for dry-knitting spandex, based on the actual needs of warp knitting processes. By studying the boundary friction behavior of fibers and introducing a boundary lubricant, while also investigating the compatibility and synergistic effect of the antistatic agent structure and formulation system, the invention effectively improves the fiber's abrasion resistance, smoothness, unwinding, and antistatic properties, enabling it to meet the processing requirements of warp knitting. It can effectively increase oil film strength, reduce wear between fibers and friction devices, and improve abrasion resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a spinning oil specifically for dry-process spandex warp knitting. It is a pale yellow to yellow transparent liquid with a dynamic viscosity of 10–13 mPa·s at 25°C. It primarily uses dimethyl silicone oil and industrial white oil as fluid lubricants. Dimethyl silicone oil exhibits excellent spreadability and slip properties, while mineral oil provides a certain degree of abrasion resistance and improves the compatibility of the formulation with other surfactants. Magnesium stearate provides good isolation and anti-sticking properties, ensuring smooth fiber unwinding. An antistatic agent effectively reduces the static voltage generated by friction between the fiber and other components during unwinding and operation. An emulsifier ensures good compatibility of the anti-sticking agent, antistatic agent, and other components in the dimethyl silicone oil and white oil mixture, guaranteeing the overall stability and transparency of the oil formulation and preventing stratification during prolonged standing, which would affect the performance. Boundary lubricants are single-component or multi-component mixtures. Their main characteristic is that they can adhere to the fiber surface with strong adsorption force by establishing hydrogen bonds, induction forces, and orientation forces with the fiber surface through polar groups, or by establishing dispersion forces through macromolecules, thereby improving the oil film strength and the wear resistance of the fiber.

[0024] The fluid lubricant is one or more of the following: dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 5-50 mPa·s at 25°C, industrial white oil with a viscosity of 5-100 mPa·s at 25°C, and ester synthetic oil with a viscosity of 10-100 mPa·s at 25°C. The dimethyl silicone oil accounts for more than 20% of the total weight of the lubricant, and the ester synthetic oil is one or more of a monoester or a polyester.

[0025] The emulsifier is a composition of various ionic or nonionic surfactants, including at least two or more mixtures of oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, Span 20, Span 80, Span 85, Span 60, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, and fatty amides.

[0026] The emulsifier is composed of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester (5EO), Span 80, and polyethylene glycol dilaurate.

[0027] The antistatic agent is one or more of the following: potassium salt, ammonium salt or ethanolamine salt of alkyl alcohol, sodium salt of alkyl alcohol polyether phosphate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, and quaternary ammonium salt; the unwinding aid is magnesium stearate.

[0028] The boundary lubricant comprises any one or more of ionic surfactants, modified silicones, polyethers, and aliphatic compounds. The ionic surfactant is one or more of anionic surfactants such as alkyl phosphates, alkyl polyether phosphates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl polyether sulfonates, or cationic surfactants of the quaternary ammonium salt class. The modified silicone is one or more of alkyl-modified silicones, polyether-modified silicones, amino-modified silicones, fatty acid-modified silicones, alkyl polyether-modified silicones, polyether-amino co-modified silicones, and quaternary ammonium salt-modified silicones. The polyether is a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or a homopolymer of propylene oxide with a molecular weight of 400-2000. The aliphatic compound includes one or more of fatty acids, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty amines, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, synthetic esters, and fatty alcohol phosphates and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates.

[0029] The composition of the boundary lubricant is shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1. Composition of boundary lubricant

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 43 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.5 parts of antistatic agent (potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate), and 1 part of magnesium stearate and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0035] Comparative Example 2

[0036] Take 40 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 30 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 15 parts of isooctyl stearate, 10 parts of emulsifier, 3 parts of antistatic agent (isooctanol polyether phosphate), and 2 parts of magnesium stearate and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0037] Comparative Example 3

[0038] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 10 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 50 mPa·s at 25℃), 30 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 3 parts of emulsifier, 5 parts of antistatic agent (3 parts of isooctanol polyether phosphate and 2 parts of hexadecyl polyether phosphate potassium salt), and 2 parts of magnesium stearate and add them to the mixing tank. Stir and heat to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 42.5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.5 parts of antistatic agent (potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 0.5 parts of boundary lubricant BL-1 in sequence and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Take 40 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 30 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 10 parts of isooctyl stearate, 10 parts of emulsifier, 3 parts of antistatic agent (isooctanol polyether phosphate), 2 parts of magnesium stearate, and 5 parts of boundary lubricant BL-1 in sequence and add them to the mixing tank. Stir while heating to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 10 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 50 mPa·s at 25℃), 29 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 3 parts of emulsifier, 5 parts of antistatic agent (3 parts of isooctanol polyether phosphate and 2 parts of hexadecyl polyether phosphate potassium salt), 2 parts of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-2 and add them to the mixing tank. Stir and heat to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 42 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antistatic agent (potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-3 in sequence and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 41 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5 parts of emulsifier, 1.9 parts of antistatic agent (1 part of potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate and 0.9 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfonate), 0.1 parts of magnesium stearate, and 2 parts of boundary lubricant BL-3 and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, raise the temperature to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] Take 60 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 20 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 10 parts of butyl stearate, 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antistatic agent (potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-4 in sequence and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0051] Example 7

[0052] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 32 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 10 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 40 mPa·s at 25℃), 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antistatic agent (potassium dodecyl polyether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-5 and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0053] Example 8

[0054] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 42 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antistatic agent (potassium salt of isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-6 in sequence and add them to the mixing tank. While stirring, heat the mixture to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0055] Example 9

[0056] Take 50 parts of industrial white oil (dynamic viscosity 12 mPa·s at 25℃), 42 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (dynamic viscosity 10 mPa·s at 25℃), 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antistatic agent (isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate), 1 part of magnesium stearate, and 1 part of boundary lubricant BL-7 and add them to the mixing tank. Stir and heat to 60-70℃. After the temperature is reached, continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0057] The oiling agents obtained in Examples 1-9 were sequentially applied to the fiber surface on the spinning machine of the production line via an oiling roller. The resulting oil-containing fibers had a denier of 40D and an oil content of 5%. The oil-containing fibers were then tested using an electrostatic meter, a dewinding tester, and a coefficient of friction. The test data are shown in Table 2. Dewinding performance refers to the fiber's vibration during unwinding under certain speed and draft ratio conditions; a higher value indicates more severe fiber vibration and poorer dewinding performance.

[0058] Table 2. Effects of oiling agent on static voltage, unwinding properties, and smoothness of spandex.

[0059] Test Project Static voltage (V) Unwinding Fluid friction coefficient Boundary friction coefficient Comparative Example 1 954 2.40 0.648 0.713 Comparative Example 2 398 2.50 0.671 0.696 Comparative Example 3 374 2.50 0.665 0.681 Example 1 653 2.20 0.611 0.655 Example 2 362 2.40 0.628 0.632 Example 3 365 2.45 0.645 0.665 Example 4 589 2.20 0.624 0.641 Example 5 537 2.40 0.606 0.615 Example 6 461 2.20 0.598 0.619 Example 7 450 2.25 0.643 0.664 Example 8 623 2.20 0.617 0.627 Example 9 436 2.35 0.639 0.637

[0060] Test results showed that, compared with Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, the boundary friction coefficients of Examples 1-9, which incorporated different combinations of boundary lubricants, were all reduced, with the reduction being particularly significant for those containing modified organosilicon. Furthermore, since the boundary lubricants all contained polar groups, the measured static voltage was also reduced; the overall unwinding performance also showed a decreasing trend. Finally, the technical solution provided by this invention was sampled and verified by a warp knitting customer. The verification results showed normal unwinding, a breakage rate lower than the customer's requirements, and no problems such as uneven warping or dry fabric strands caused by static electricity. The warping and weaving processes proceeded smoothly.

Claims

1. A spinning oil agent specifically for dry-process spandex warp knitting, characterized in that, This spinning oil contains, by weight percentage: Fluid lubricant 80~93%, Emulsifier 3~10%, Antistatic agent 0.5~5%, Unwinding agent 0.1~2%, Boundary lubricant 0.5~5%; in, The fluid lubricant is dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 5~50 mPa·s at 25°C and industrial white oil with a viscosity of 5~100 mPa·s at 25°C, wherein dimethyl silicone oil accounts for more than 20% of the total weight of the lubricant. The boundary lubricant comprises any one or a combination of two of ionic surfactants and modified organosilicon. The ionic surfactant is one or more of the following anionic surfactants: alkyl phosphates, alkyl polyether phosphates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl polyether sulfonates; or a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant. The modified organosilicon is one or more of alkyl-modified organosilicon, polyether-modified organosilicon, amino-modified organosilicon, fatty acid-modified organosilicon, alkyl-polyether-modified organosilicon, polyether-amino co-modified organosilicon, and quaternary ammonium salt-modified organosilicon. The antistatic agent is one or more of the following: potassium salt, ammonium salt or ethanolamine salt of alkyl alcohol, sodium salt of alkyl alcohol polyether phosphate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfate, sodium salt of alkyl sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, and quaternary ammonium salt; the unwinding aid is magnesium stearate.

2. The spinning oil agent for dry-process spandex warp knitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsifier is a composition of various ionic or nonionic surfactants, including at least two or more mixtures of oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, Span 20, Span 80, Span 85, Span 60, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, and fatty amides.

3. The spinning oil agent for dry-process spandex warp knitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boundary lubricant also comprises any one or a combination of polyethers and aliphatic compounds; The polyether is a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or a homopolymer of propylene oxide with a molecular weight of 400-2000. The aliphatic compounds include one or more of fatty acids, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty amines, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty alcohol phosphates, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates. The aliphatic chains in the aliphatic compounds are C8~C8. 22 It can be a single structure or a mixture of multiple structures, including straight-chain or branched structures, saturated or unsaturated structures.

4. The spinning oil agent for dry-process spandex warp knitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anionic surfactant has an alkyl chain of C8~C9. 22 It can be a single structure or a mixture of multiple structures, including straight-chain or branched structures, saturated or unsaturated structures.

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