A telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of petroleum drilling technology and relates to a telescopic grinding shoe composite stacked PDC drill bit, comprising a drill bit body, a grinding shoe column, stacked PDC cutter wings, and a control sub. The stacked PDC cutter wings are fixed to the bottom of the drill bit body and are composed of multiple single-layer PDC cutter wings interlocked. The drill bit body is connected to the control sub via a connector at the top. The drill bit body is provided with a chip removal groove, and several nozzles are distributed at the bottom of the drill bit body. Gauge holders are distributed on the sides of the drill bit body. The grinding shoe column is disposed within the chip removal groove and is arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit body. A power unit drives the grinding shoe column to extend and retract along its axial direction. The telescopic grinding shoe composite stacked PDC drill bit proposed in this invention can realize the disposal and self-regeneration of worn PDC drill bit structures, thereby shortening the drilling cycle and reducing drilling costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of petroleum drilling technology and relates to a telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] In routine operations, drill bit lifespan and mechanical drilling speed are two important indicators for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of drill bits. Drill bit lifespan determines the number of trips and pulls required to replace the drill bit, while mechanical drilling speed determines the operation time; therefore, these two parameters directly affect drilling costs.

[0003] With the increasing efforts in oil and gas resource exploration and development both domestically and internationally, oil and gas extraction is gradually extending into deeper formations. The complex geological conditions at depth increase drilling difficulty, placing higher demands on drilling equipment. Currently, the most widely used drilling equipment for oil and gas wells is the PDC drill bit. Conventional PDC drill bits are subjected to significant forces during operation in deep, hard formations, making them prone to impact damage and high-temperature wear, resulting in low drilling efficiency, easy chipping and failure of cutting teeth, and short drill bit life. This inevitably prolongs the drilling cycle, significantly increases drilling costs, and fails to meet the development requirements for faster and more efficient drilling. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a PDC drill bit suitable for increasing deep drilling time and reducing tripping frequency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a telescopic grinding shoe composite stacked PDC drill bit, which can realize the disposal and self-generation of worn PDC drill bit structures, thereby shortening the drilling cycle and reducing drilling costs.

[0005] To address the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit, comprising a drill bit body, a grinding shoe column, composite PDC cutter wings, and a control sub.

[0006] The stacked PDC cutter blades are fixed to the bottom of the drill bit body, and the stacked PDC cutter blades are composed of multiple single-layer PDC cutter blades interlocked together;

[0007] The drill bit body is connected to the control sub via a connector at the top. The drill bit body is provided with a chip removal groove, and several nozzles are distributed at the bottom of the drill bit body. The drill bit body is also provided with diameter protection devices on its side.

[0008] The grinding shoe column is positioned within the chip removal groove and is axially aligned with the drill bit body. A power unit drives the grinding shoe column to extend and retract along its axial direction. In some embodiments, the control section contains a built-in circuit board and battery; the circuit board controls the power unit, and the battery supplies power to both the circuit board and the power unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the circuit board is provided with a signal receiving component. The circuit board receives ground control information through the signal receiving component, thereby controlling the power unit and ultimately realizing the extension and retraction of the grinding column and adjusting the magnitude of the force acting on the grinding column.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power unit is a hydraulic unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the stacked PDC blade is composed of two to four single-layer PDC blades interlocked together.

[0012] In some embodiments, the single-layer PDC blade is fixed with multiple PDC cutting teeth.

[0013] In some embodiments, PDC cutting teeth are arranged at regular intervals on each single-layer PDC blade, and the PDC cutting teeth are embedded in a single row or multiple rows of planes on the single-layer PDC blade.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The telescopic grinding shoe composite stacked PDC drill bit proposed in this invention replaces the traditional one-piece PDC drill bit structure with stackable multi-layer PDC blades. The bottom single-layer PDC blade automatically falls off after being worn to a certain extent, allowing the single-layer PDC blade to be replaced. This reduces the number of trips and trips when changing drill bits, thereby extending the service life of the drill bit and reducing drilling costs.

[0016] 2. This invention adds a grinding shoe column in the chip removal groove. When the single-layer PDC cutter blade wears to a certain extent, it automatically falls off. The power unit controls the grinding shoe column to extend out of the bottom of the drill bit body to wear down the fallen single-layer PDC cutter blade, so that it will not affect the drilling of the drill bit or damage the drill bit. This effectively reduces the time required to replace the drill bit due to the wear of the PDC drill bit cutting teeth, increases drilling efficiency, and saves drilling time.

[0017] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic grinding shoe composite laminated PDC drill bit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A bottom view;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking of single-layer PDC blades in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1-Drill body; 2-Grinding shoe column; 3-Single-layer PDC cutter blade; 4-Nozzle; 5-PDC cutting teeth; 6-Control sub; 7-Battery; 8-Matching structure; 9-Chip groove; 10-Circuit board; 11-Diameter protection; 12-Layered PDC cutter blade; 13-Power unit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features, and effects according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment provides a telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit, including a drill body 1, a grinding shoe column 2, composite PDC cutter wings 12, and a control sub 6. The composite PDC cutter wings 12 are fixed to the bottom of the drill body 1. The composite PDC cutter wings 12 are composed of multiple single-layer PDC cutter wings 3 embedded layer by layer, with the uppermost single-layer PDC cutter wing 3 fixed to the bottom of the drill body 1. The drill body 1 is connected to the control sub 6 via a connector. A chip removal groove 9 is provided between two adjacent composite PDC cutter wings 12 on the drill body 1. The grinding shoe column 2 is disposed in the chip removal groove 9 and is arranged along the axial direction of the drill body 1. A power device 13 can drive the grinding shoe column 2 to extend and retract along its axial direction. Several nozzles 4 are distributed at the bottom of the drill body 1 for circulating drilling fluid, and diameter protection 11 is distributed on the side of the drill body 1. The grinding column 2 is automatically controlled to extend and retract under the action of the power unit 13. After extending out of the drill bit body 1, it is used to grind the drill bit that has fallen to the bottom of the well. In the retracted state, it is used to increase the volume of the discharge channel for rock cuttings and drilling fluid.

[0027] Specifically, depending on the drilling depth in a single run, the stacked PDC cutter wing 12 is composed of two to four single-layer PDC cutter wings 3 interlocked together.

[0028] In this embodiment, the telescopic grinding shoe composite stacked PDC drill bit has the bottommost single-layer PDC blade in contact with the formation during operation. When it wears down to a certain extent, it automatically detaches, and the single-layer PDC blade above it begins to work, realizing automatic replacement of the single-layer PDC blade. This reduces the number of trips and trips required to replace the drill bit, thereby extending the drill bit's service life and reducing drilling costs. By adding a grinding shoe column 2 in the chip removal groove, after the single-layer PDC blade wears down to a certain extent and automatically detaches, the power unit 13 controls the grinding shoe column 2 to extend from the bottom of the drill bit body 1 to wear down the single-layer PDC blade that has fallen to the bottom of the well, so that it will not affect the drill bit's progress or damage the drill bit. This effectively reduces the time required to replace the drill bit due to wear of the PDC drill bit's cutting teeth, increases drilling efficiency, and saves drilling time.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 The control section 6 also contains a sealed circuit board 10, which controls the power unit 13 to extend and retract the grinding shoe column 2 and adjust the force applied to it. The power unit 13 is preferably a hydraulic device. Under hydraulic pressure, the grinding shoe column 2 automatically extends and retracts; when extended from the drill bit body 1, it grinds the drill string that has fallen to the bottom of the well; when retracted, it increases the volume of the discharge channel for cuttings and drilling fluid.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 The control section 6 also has a sealed battery 7 installed inside, which supplies power to the circuit board 10 and the power unit 13.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 The circuit board 10 is equipped with a signal receiving component. The circuit board 10 receives ground control information through the signal receiving component, thereby controlling the power unit 13, and finally realizing the extension and retraction of the shoe grinding column 2 and adjusting the magnitude of the force acting on the shoe grinding column 2.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 2 The number of stacked PDC blades 12 is preferably six, and the number of grinding shoe posts 2 is six. Each stacked PDC blade 12 is composed of three single-layer PDC blades 3. PDC cutting teeth 5 are arranged at regular intervals on each single-layer PDC blade 3, and the PDC cutting teeth 5 are embedded in a single row or multiple rows of planes on the single-layer PDC blade 3.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, adjacent single-layer PDC cutter wings 3 are interlocked by a fitting structure 8. Each single-layer PDC cutter wing 3 automatically detaches after being worn to a certain extent. In this embodiment, there is one fitting structure, which uses a mortise and tenon structure to connect the single-layer PDC cutter wings. Other fitting structures, interference-fitted central shafts on the drill body, etc., can also be used to connect different single-layer PDC cutter wings. The automatic detachment of the single-layer PDC cutter wings is controlled by methods such as disassembling the single-layer PDC cutter wing or the entire single-layer PDC cutter wing detaching from the central shaft on the drill body.

[0034] In summary, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the aforementioned advantageous technical features can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit, characterized in that: It includes a drill body (1), a grinding shoe column (2), a stacked PDC cutter blade (12), and a control sub (6); The stacked PDC cutter wing (12) is fixed to the bottom of the drill bit body (1), and the stacked PDC cutter wing (12) is composed of multiple single-layer PDC cutter wings (3) fitted together; The drill bit body (1) is connected to the control sub (6) via a connector at the top. The drill bit body (1) is provided with a chip removal groove (9). Several nozzles (4) are distributed at the bottom of the drill bit body (1). A gauge protector (11) is distributed on the side of the drill bit body (1). The grinding column (2) is set in the chip removal groove (9). The grinding column (2) is set along the axial direction of the drill bit body (1). The power device (13) drives the grinding column (2) to extend and retract along its axial direction. The power device (13) can control the grinding column (2) to extend out of the bottom of the drill bit body 1 and wear away the single-layer PDC cutter blade (3) that has fallen to the bottom of the well.

2. The telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control section (6) has a built-in circuit board (10) and a battery (7). The circuit board (10) is used to control the power unit (13), and the battery (7) is used to supply power to the circuit board (10) and the power unit (13).

3. The telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board (10) is equipped with a signal receiving component. The circuit board (10) receives ground control information through the signal receiving component, thereby controlling the power unit (13) and ultimately realizing the extension and retraction of the shoe grinding column (2) and adjusting the magnitude of the force acting on the shoe grinding column (2).

4. A telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The power unit (13) is a hydraulic unit.

5. A telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The stacked PDC blade (12) is composed of two to four single-layer PDC blades (3) interlocked together.

6. A telescopic grinding shoe composite PDC drill bit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Each single-layer PDC blade (3) has PDC cutting teeth (5) arranged at regular intervals. The PDC cutting teeth (5) are embedded in a single or multiple rows of planes on the single-layer PDC blade (3).

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