Measuring assembly and removal device with measuring assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring assembly for measuring the position, in particular the verticality, of a vertically adjustable and lowerable working machine relative to an upper fixing point, comprising at least one measuring cable which is connected on the one hand to the vertically adjustable working machine and on the other hand extends to the fixing point, at least one measuring device which is connected to the associated measuring cable and is designed to measure the inclination angle of the measuring cable relative to a vertical measuring axis and is arranged in the connecting region between the measuring cable and the working machine, and at least one connecting device which is arranged between the measuring device and the working machine and is designed to hold the measuring device torsionally around the vertical measuring axis and simultaneously tiltable relative to the vertical measuring axis at the working machine. According to the invention, the connecting device has a connecting tube which is arranged coaxially to the vertical measuring axis and is designed to be torsionally rigid around the vertical measuring axis and deflectable relative to the vertical measuring axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring assembly comprising: at least one measuring rope connected on one side to a vertically adjustable working instrument and extending on the other side to an upper fixed point; at least one measuring device connected to the associated measuring rope and configured to measure the tilt angle of the measuring rope relative to a vertical measuring axis and disposed in the connection area between the measuring rope and the working instrument; and at least one connecting device disposed between the measuring device and the working instrument and configured to hold the measuring device anti-torsional around the vertical measuring axis while tiltably holding it at the working instrument relative to the vertical measuring axis.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a removal device for creating holes, particularly trenches, in soil, comprising: a working instrument having at least one removal tool for removing soil; a support device at which the removal instrument is vertically adjustable for being introduced into the soil; and a measuring component for measuring the position of the working instrument in the soil, particularly its verticality. Background Technology

[0003] In the construction of trenches in soil, deviations from the desired vertical orientation or position of the trench may occur due to various influencing factors. Precise construction of the trench in soil, particularly in the manufacture of trench walls, is crucial, for example, for sealing deep building foundation pits against groundwater. Such trench walls are made from a large number of individual trenches filled with a solidifiable material. It is essential that these individual trench wall segments be manufactured precisely side-by-side to prevent gaps and thus ensure a tight seal between them.

[0004] A highly accurate method for measuring boreholes in soil is known from EP 2 698 499 B1 by means of at least one measuring rope extending from the measuring body to the support device. However, in this known method, a measuring device independent of the instrument is necessary, which is used to perform angle and distance measurements. Here, the positional change at the measuring rope can serve as a measure of the orientation of the borehole in the soil, and especially its verticality. However, this measuring assembly cannot be directly used to control the removal device.

[0005] This type of measuring assembly is known from EP 0 841 465 B1. In this known measuring assembly, two measuring ropes spaced apart from each other are tensioned from a pre-given fixed point on the soil surface to a trench cutter. The measuring ropes are vertically oriented as the trench cutter descends precisely vertically. The angle of inclination that appears at the measuring ropes when the trench cutter deviates from the vertical line is measured. This measuring angle can be determined by an inclinometer at the connection area between the measuring ropes and the working instrument. To determine even small deviations as accurately as possible, the measuring ropes are mounted at the working instrument with as much freedom and adjustability as possible. For this purpose, EP 0 841 465 B1 teaches the installation of a ball joint or universal joint with intersecting swing axes.

[0006] EP 3 536 899 A1 describes a special universal bearing for this measuring assembly, which is used to achieve particularly good measuring accuracy. However, this universal bearing has numerous mechanical parts, which, when used on construction sites, especially when introducing workpieces with such measuring devices into trenches filled with concrete suspension, requires high cleaning and maintenance costs. Inadequate cleaning and maintenance of the sensitive mechanical universal joints can lead to undesirable measuring inaccuracies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to describe a measuring component and a removal device having such a measuring component, which enables particularly reliable and accurate measurements in a robust structure.

[0008] This objective is achieved by a measuring component according to the invention and a removal device according to the invention. The invention has several preferred embodiments.

[0009] The measuring assembly according to the invention is characterized in that the connecting device has a connecting tube arranged coaxially with a vertical measuring axis, and the connecting tube is configured to be torsional rigidly surrounding the vertical measuring axis and deflectable relative to the vertical measuring axis.

[0010] The basic idea of ​​this invention is to provide a connecting tube for connecting a measuring device and a working instrument, which on the one hand is torsionally rigid around a tube axis aligned with the measuring axis, and on the other hand is deflectable or bendable relative to the tube axis. The use of such a connecting tube offers advantages in several aspects. Unlike universal joints with intersecting swing axes, this connecting tube has the same deflection characteristics throughout its entire circumference. Furthermore, the connecting tube, as a hinge element, is simple and robust due to its essentially one-piece structure. It is particularly less sensitive to external influences and requires significantly less maintenance and cleaning costs compared to multi-piece universal joints or ball joints, especially when contact with solidified suspensions or dirt particles is anticipated. Therefore, the measuring assembly according to the invention is particularly suitable for harsh working conditions at construction sites or other external areas.

[0011] In principle, the connecting tube can be made of any suitable material that is sufficiently torsionalally rigid around the tube axis and allows desired deflectability transverse to the tube axis. In one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the connecting tube be formed in a flexible, tubular shape from a flexible material. In particular, plastic materials, especially elastic plastic materials, are suitable for forming the connecting tube.

[0012] According to a variation of the invention, the deflectability of the measuring component, and thus the improvement in its sensitivity, is achieved by the connecting pipe being constructed at least segmentally as a corrugated pipe with corrugated wall regions. Therefore, the connecting pipe has at least one region with varying diameters (particularly increasing and decreasing diameters). Preferably, the pipe can also be constructed as a corrugated pipe as a whole. Preferably, the corrugated pipe is made of a metallic material, such as steel or stainless steel.

[0013] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the increase in the axial stiffness of the connecting pipe is achieved when the pipe's tiltability becomes even more sensitive, i.e., the connecting pipe is filled with an incompressible liquid. Preferably, oil or water may be provided as the liquid.

[0014] Another preferred embodiment of the invention involves providing a rotary bearing at the end of the connecting tube facing the working instrument, allowing the connecting tube to rotate, in particular, by 180°, around a vertical measuring axis. In principle, the rotary bearing can be positioned at any point on the connecting tube. Due to the rotatability of the connecting tube around the measuring axis or the tube axis, measurement accuracy can be further improved.

[0015] In particular, this can be achieved by arranging a rotary actuator to twist the rotatably supported connecting tube into at least one different position, and configuring the measuring device to measure the tilt angle in each of the different rotational positions. Specifically, the rotary actuator can be used to adjust the connecting tube from a first position to a second position, offset by 90° or 180° relative to the first position. Further measurements can be performed in this second position. This enables so-called envelope measurements, which can compensate for or minimize measurement errors. In principle, measurements can also be performed in more than two different rotational positions of the connecting tube.

[0016] Typically, a measuring assembly with a single measuring rope is used for a specific purpose. A particular improvement according to the invention is that at least two measuring ropes are installed horizontally at intervals from each other at the working instrument. Preferably, the at least two measuring ropes extend parallel to each other in their normal position. The arrangement of at least two measuring ropes also allows for the determination of the torsion of the working instrument in space, with each measuring rope providing its own angle measurement. Three or more measuring ropes may also be provided, extending between the working instrument and corresponding fixed points. For accurate measurement, the measuring ropes must be taut, and a tensioning device should be provided for this purpose. In an arrangement with only one measuring rope, torsion can be detected by a suitable detection device, such as a gyroscope.

[0017] This can be achieved by axially securing the measuring rope to the working instrument via a connecting device, i.e., by arranging a tension element within the connecting tube. In particular, this tension element can be a cable, which further enables sufficient deflection of the connecting tube transversely to the vertical measuring axis.

[0018] The invention further includes a removal device for creating holes, particularly trenches, in soil, comprising: a working instrument having at least one removal tool for removing soil; a support device at which the working instrument is vertically adjustable for insertion into the soil, wherein a measuring component according to the invention is arranged for measuring the position, particularly verticality, of the working instrument in the soil. Thus, the advantages described above are obtained by using the measuring component according to the invention at the removal device.

[0019] The working apparatus can be instruments used in specialized underground engineering and particularly includes trench wall cutters, trench wall grabs, or drilling instruments or tools. Supporting instruments are especially construction machines with a movable substructure on which a rotatable superstructure is supported. The substructure may particularly include a tracked running mechanism.

[0020] A particularly preferred embodiment of the removal device according to the invention is that the measuring rope has a density equal to or less than that of the supporting liquid (filled by the holes made by the working instrument). This avoids undesirable effects on the rope due to density differences, especially when the density of the supporting liquid is the same at the surface of the supporting liquid in the holes. This improves the reproducibility of the measurement results. The density of the suspension can be constant or vary with depth.

[0021] In the removal device, measurements can be taken continuously or at predetermined time points using the measuring components. Based on the determined measurements, the deviation of the working instrument's position within the hole can be determined in advance. In principle, the working instrument can then be manually controlled again.

[0022] A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is that the working instrument is provided with a controllable servo mechanism for changing the position of the working instrument within the hole, and a control and evaluation unit is provided at the controller. The control and evaluation unit is configured to control the position of the working instrument based on measurements from at least one measuring device and to change the position of the working instrument by manipulating the servo mechanism. In particular, this enables automated control or regulation of the position of the working instrument in the soil. This allows for the simple manufacture of precisely positioned holes, and especially trenches, in the soil. This makes it possible to minimize the generally common overlap between adjacent trench wall sections, thereby achieving significant savings in wear and material at the removal tool when manufacturing trench walls or thick walls.

[0023] An improved embodiment of the invention provides a particularly advantageous removal device, wherein a winch for each measuring rope is provided at the support mechanism, through which the measuring rope follows the working mechanism with a pre-given pretension. This pretension is specifically set such that the measuring rope is always fully tensioned, while still allowing for sensitive deflection of the measuring rope and thus high measurement accuracy. This is achieved by setting a corresponding starting torque at the winch drive for the winch.

[0024] In principle, at least one anchor point can be set at any suitable location that allows for reliable and durable fixation of the measuring rope. Particularly suitable is that at least one anchor point is constructed at and calibrated at the upper end of a guide frame located at the borehole. Especially when constructing trench walls, guide trenches with concrete walls are constructed along the soil surface. A guide frame, preferably made of metal, can be arranged and fixed along this guide trench. At this guide frame, the anchor point for the measuring rope can be secured by appropriate holding devices. In particular, a measuring sleeve and / or deflection roller can be arranged at the guide frame to guide the measuring rope, either through or via the measuring sleeve and / or deflection roller. The anchor point can be calibrated, especially for particularly accurate measurements, thereby providing a clear location definition, for example, in a construction site coordinate system.

[0025] In principle, the working instrument for the removal device can be any arbitrary construction instrument used to create holes in the soil. A particular improvement according to the invention is that the working instrument is a trench cutter with at least one driven milling wheel, which is rotatably supported about a horizontal axis of rotation at the lower end of the cutter frame. Specifically, two pairs of milling wheels are arranged horizontally offset from each other on the lower side of the cutter frame. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to preferred embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A perspective view of a removal device with a measuring component according to the invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 Showing the front view of the Figure 1 A detailed view of the measurement components; and

[0029] Figure 3 A magnified, detailed view of the measuring device according to the measuring components of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] according to Figure 1 A removal device 10 with a support mechanism 12 is shown, which has a tracked running mechanism as a lower structure 13. An upper structure 14 and an operator's compartment 15, containing an instrument control unit, are rotatably supported on the lower structure 13 about a horizontal axis of rotation. In the illustrated embodiment, the removal device 10 has a tiltable cantilever mast 16 as a mast, via which the working instrument 20 is vertically adjustable by means of a support rope 17.

[0031] In the illustrated embodiment, the working instrument 20 is configured as a trench wall cutter 22 with a cutter frame 24. A plurality of ausstellbar-shaped servo mechanisms 25 are arranged on the cutter frame 24, which allow the position of the trench wall cutter 22 within the pores in the soil to be changed and set in a known manner. At the lower end of the cutter frame 24, two pairs of milling wheels 27 are rotatably supported as removal tools 26. The milling wheels 27 can be rotated in a known manner via an internal milling wheel driver for removing soil material.

[0032] To measure the position, particularly verticality, of the working instrument 20 in the soil, a measuring device 40 according to the invention is installed in the area of ​​the suspension device 28 (via which the trench wall milling cutter 22 is connected to the support rope 17). The measuring device 40, which will be described further below, is arranged approximately centrally and coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the working instrument 20. A measuring rope 32 extends upward from the measuring device 40, which is securely connected to the working instrument 20, to a defined anchor point 38, constructed at a guide frame 36. The guide frame 36 is fixed at the upper end of a hole at the soil surface, wherein the anchor point 38 is calibrated and pre-given as a nominal reference point for the position of the working instrument 20.

[0033] The measuring rope 32 extends upwards via the guide frame 36 to the support device 12, where it is guided via a deflection roller to a winch 18 at the superstructure 14. The measuring rope 32 can follow the working device 20 descending into the soil via the winch 18, ensuring a certain tension on the measuring rope 32.

[0034] In a manner known in principle, the support device 12 follows the additional lines and hoses used to operate the trench wall cutter 22 via a corresponding winch and roller.

[0035] exist Figure 2 The image shows the upper end of a modified working instrument 20 with a total of two measuring devices 40, wherein the milling cutter frame 24 has been introduced into the soil 5 in the case of being constructed as a hole 7 or a trench.

[0036] Here, two measuring devices 40 are fixed horizontally and vertically offset to the milling cutter frame 24. Measuring ropes 32 extend upwards from each measuring device 40 through the guide frame 36, which is positioned on the soil surface above the hole 7. The measuring ropes 32 are guided accordingly through pre-defined fixing points 38 on the guide frame 36, which serve as reference points for measuring the position of the working instrument 20 in the soil 5, and especially for measuring its verticality.

[0037] When the working instrument 20 is in its rated position, the measuring rope 32 extends precisely vertically through the corresponding fixed point 38 along the vertical measuring axis. If a horizontal positional deviation occurs, at least one of the measuring ropes 32 is deflected relative to the vertical measuring axis. This deviation or tilt can be confirmed by the measuring device 40, as further explained below with reference to the illustration according to 3. Vertical adjustment of the working instrument 20 is performed via a support rope 17, which is connected to the working instrument 20 via a suspension device 28.

[0038] exist Figure 3 The diagram schematically illustrates a preferred embodiment of the measuring assembly 30 according to the invention, incorporating a measuring device 40. The measuring rope 32 is guided via a fixed sleeve 34 to the approximately spherical measuring device 40, which is capable of determining with high measurement accuracy the deviation and, in particular, the inclination of the measuring rope 32 relative to the vertical measuring axis. The vertical measuring axis can be determined, in particular, by the direction of gravity.

[0039] The measuring device 40 is connected to the working instrument 20 via a connecting device 50. The connecting device 50 has a connecting tube 52 extending in the vertical direction. The connecting tube 52 includes a corrugated wall region and may be referred to as a bellows. A cable extends within and along the connecting tube 52. The connecting tube 52 is preferably filled with liquid. The connecting tube 52 is securely connected to the measuring device 40 via an upper fixing flange 55. The connecting tube 52 is mounted at a rotary bearing 60 via a lower fixing flange 56, by which the connecting tube can rotate about a vertical axis. For torsion, a rotary actuator 62 is provided below the rotary bearing 60, by which the connecting tube 52 can be adjusted relative to the working instrument 20 within a defined adjustment angle. In this way, the tilt angle at different rotational positions can be measured, thereby making it possible to confirm the position of the working instrument 20 in space. The rotary drive 62 is connected to the working instrument 20 via a flange connection, wherein the connection is located at the frame of the working instrument 20 or at the suspension device 28.

Claims

1. Measuring assembly for measuring the position of a vertically adjustable and lowerable working instrument (20) relative to an upper fixed point (38), with - at least one measuring rope (32), which is connected on the one hand to the vertically adjustable working instrument (20) and on the other hand extends to the fixed point (38), - at least one measuring device (40), which is connected to the associated measuring rope (32) and is configured for measuring the inclination angle of the measuring rope (32) relative to a vertical measuring axis and is arranged in a connection region between the measuring rope (32) and the working instrument (20), and - at least one connection device (50), which is arranged between the measuring device (40) and the working instrument (20) and is configured for holding the measuring device (40) torsionally around the vertical measuring axis and at the same time tiltable relative to the vertical measuring axis at the working instrument (20), characterized in that - the connection device (50) has a connection tube (52), which is arranged coaxially to the vertical measuring axis, and - the connection tube (52) is configured to be torsionally rigid around the vertical measuring axis and deflectable relative to the vertical measuring axis. The measuring assembly is a measuring assembly for measuring the verticality of a vertically adjustable and lowerable working instrument (20) relative to an upper fixed point (38). The connection tube (52) is formed in a hose-like manner from a flexible material. The connection tube (52) is configured at least sectionally as a bellows with a corrugated wall region (54). The bellows is made of metal. The bellows is made of steel. The connection tube (52) is filled with an incompressible liquid.

2. The measurement assembly of claim 1, wherein, A rotary bearing (60) is provided at the end of the connection tube (52) pointing towards the working instrument (20), with which the connection tube (52) can be rotated around the vertical measuring axis.

3. The measurement assembly of claim 1, wherein, A rotary bearing (60) is provided at the end of the connection tube (52) pointing towards the working instrument (20), with which the connection tube (52) can be rotated around the vertical measuring axis through an angle of 180°.

4. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A rotary drive (62) is arranged for torsionally displacing the rotatably supported connection tube (52) into at least one different rotary position, and the measuring device (40) is configured for measuring the inclination angle in the different rotary positions.

5. The measurement assembly of claim 4, wherein, At least two measuring ropes (32) are provided, which are mounted horizontally spaced apart from one another at the working instrument (20).

6. The measurement assembly of claim 4, wherein, A pulling element is arranged within the connection tube (52).

7. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A tension cable is arranged within the connection tube (52).

8. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, 14. Removal device for producing a hole (7) in a soil (5), with - a working instrument (20) having at least one removal tool (26) for removing soil (5), - a support instrument (12) at which the working instrument (20) is supported vertically adjustable for introduction into the soil (5), and - a measuring assembly according to one of the preceding claims, which is arranged between the working instrument (20) and the support instrument (12).

9. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, ​ 10. The measurement assembly of claim 8, wherein, ​ 11. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, ​ 12. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, ​ 13. The measuring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ - a measuring assembly (30) for measuring the position of the working implement (20) in the soil (5), characterized in that the measuring assembly (30) is a measuring assembly (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The removal device of claim 14, wherein, The removal device is a removal device for producing a trench in the soil (5).

16. The removal device of claim 14, wherein, The measuring rope (32) has a density which is equal to or less than the density of the support fluid with which the borehole (7) produced by the working implement (20) is filled.

17. The removal device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that The working implement (20) is provided with a steerable servo mechanism (25) for a change in position of the working implement (20) in the borehole (7), and At the support implement (12) a control and evaluation unit is provided and is configured to control the position of the working implement (20) as a function of the measured values of the at least one measuring device (40) and to change the position of the working implement (20) by actuation of the servo mechanism (25).

18. The removal device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that At the support implement (12) a winch (18) is provided for each measuring rope (32), which measuring rope (32) can be followed by the winch in the case of a predefined pretension.

19. The removal device of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein, The at least one fixed point (38) is configured at a guide frame (36) and is aligned there, the guide frame being arranged at the upper end of the borehole (7).

20. The removal device of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein, The working implement (20) is a trench wall mill (22) with at least one driven milling wheel (27), which is rotatably supported at the lower end of a mill frame (24) about a horizontal axis of rotation.

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