Emergency water treatment device and emergency water bag for osmotic pressure regulator and its application

Abstract

The present application discloses an osmotic pressure regulator, an emergency water treatment device and an emergency water bag using the same. The osmotic pressure regulator includes one or more sugar alcohol substances and sugar substances. The emergency water bag includes a forward osmosis membrane and the osmotic pressure regulator, and the emergency water treatment device includes a forward osmosis membrane and the osmotic pressure regulator. The osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses sugar alcohol substances and sugar substances as main components. When used as the draw solution of the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag, it can generate a higher osmotic pressure, increase the water flux, and shorten the preparation time of drinking water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water purification technology, and in particular to an osmotic pressure regulator and an emergency water treatment device and an emergency water bag using the same. Background Art

[0002] The global shortage of freshwater resources has become a growing concern. As an open-source, incremental technology for water resources, desalination has become a key approach to addressing the global water crisis. When disasters occur at sea, drinking water is often unavailable. Ensuring safe drinking water for those trapped can buy more time for effective rescue efforts. Emergency water treatment devices developed based on forward osmosis technology, such as portable drinking water equipment like emergency water bags, can be used to generate drinkable water from contaminated sources even in energy and drinking water scarcity situations. By utilizing essential nutrients such as sugar alcohols, sugars, and electrolytes, forward osmosis membranes can intercept harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, suspended solids, metal ions, and toxic and hazardous organic matter without requiring any additional energy, transforming undrinkable water into drinking water that meets hygienic standards. Currently, emergency water treatment devices on the market, such as emergency water bags, mostly use single sugars such as glucose and fructose as the main component of the extraction liquid, such as the Chinese patent publication number CN212151708U. However, single sugars have a large molecular weight and low osmotic pressure, which limits their ability to produce water in seawater. This makes the water production cycle too long, making it impossible to produce sufficient water within a limited time, and thus unable to fully meet the daily drinking water needs of normal adults. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the purpose of this application is to provide an osmotic pressure regulator and an emergency water treatment device and an emergency water bag using the same, which can shorten the water production cycle and produce more drinking water within a certain period of time.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, an embodiment of the present application provides an osmotic pressure regulator comprising one or more sugar alcohol substances and sugar substances.

[0005] Preferably, the one or more sugar alcohol substances are one or more of xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, lactitol, mannitol, and sorbitol, and the sugar substance is a mixture of fructose and glucose in a certain mass ratio.

[0006] Preferably, the osmotic pressure regulator further comprises one or more nutritional additives.

[0007] Preferably, the osmotic pressure regulator further comprises an acidity regulator and / or a moisturizer, and the one or more nutritional additives comprise an electrolyte additive and / or a nutritional supplement.

[0008] Preferably, the electrolyte additive is one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium acetate, and potassium lactate; the nutritional supplement is one or more of taurine, vitamins, and lysine; the acidity regulator is one or more of citric acid and malic acid; the humectant is glycerol; the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the sugar substances is 62 - 96 wt%; the mass percentage of the nutritional additive is 3 - 35 wt%; the mass percentage of the acidity regulator and / or the humectant is 1 - 3 wt%.

[0009] Preferably, the sugar alcohol substances are xylitol and erythritol; the nutritional additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins; the acidity regulator is citric acid; wherein, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the sugar substances is 96 wt%, and the mass ratio of xylitol to erythritol is 2:1, and the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2; the mass percentage of the nutritional additive is 3 wt%, the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 1 wt%, and the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.02; or the sugar alcohol substances are xylitol and mannitol; the nutritional additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins; the acidity regulator is citric acid; the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the sugar substances is 93 wt%, and the mass ratio of xylitol to mannitol is 3:2 or 2:1, and the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2; the mass percentage of the nutritional additive is 5 wt%, the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 2 wt%, and the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.02.

[0010] Preferably, the osmotic pressure regulator consists of the following substances in corresponding parts: 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of erythritol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins; or it consists of the following substances in corresponding parts: 29 parts of xylitol, 29 parts of glucose, 19 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins, or it consists of the following substances in corresponding parts: 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins.

[0011] Preferably, the osmotic pressure regulator is in the form of solid particles or liquid.

[0012] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also provides an emergency water bag, which includes a forward osmosis membrane and the osmotic pressure regulator described in any one of the above.

[0013] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also provides an emergency water treatment device, which includes a forward osmosis membrane and the osmotic pressure regulator described in any one of the above.

[0014] The osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses sugar alcohols and sugars as the main components. When used as the draw solution of the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag, it can generate a higher osmotic pressure, improve the water flux, and shorten the preparation time of drinking water.

[0015] In addition, the osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses a combination of sugar substitutes and sugars, and adds nutrients required by the human body, making the prepared emergency drinking water have lower calories and higher nutrition. Moreover, since the absorption efficiency of sugar alcohols by the human body is low, the combination with sugars can effectively reduce the increase in blood sugar and avoid excessive energy intake by users when drinking water. It can also be used by special groups such as diabetic patients and obese people, expanding the application scenarios of the present application.

[0016] On the other hand, the osmotic pressure regulator described in the present application has the advantages of high chemical stability and easy storage, further reducing the storage cost of the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further elaborated below.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application provides an osmotic pressure regulator, which includes one or more sugar alcohols and saccharides.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the one or more sugar alcohols are one or more of xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, lactitol, mannitol, and sorbitol, and the saccharide is a mixture of fructose and glucose in a certain mass ratio.

[0020] In a further embodiment, it further includes one or more nutritional additives.

[0021] In a further embodiment, it further includes an acidity regulator and / or a humectant, and the one or more nutritional additives include an electrolyte additive and / or a nutritional supplement.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the electrolyte additive is one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium acetate, and potassium lactate, the nutritional supplement is one or more of taurine, vitamins, and lysine, the acidity regulator is one or more of citric acid and malic acid, the humectant is glycerol, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol and the saccharide is 62-96 wt%, the mass percentage of the nutritional additive is 3-35 wt%, and the mass percentage of the acidity regulator and / or the humectant is 1-3 wt%.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the sugar alcohol is xylitol and erythritol, the nutritional additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins, and the acidity regulator is citric acid; wherein, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol and the saccharide is 96 wt%, wherein the mass ratio of xylitol to erythritol is 2:1, and the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2; the mass percentage of the nutritional additive is 3 wt%, the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 1 wt%, and the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.02;

[0024] Or the sugar alcohol substances are xylitol and mannitol, the nutritional additives are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine and vitamins, the acidity regulator is citric acid, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the sugar substances is 93 wt%, wherein the mass ratio of xylitol to mannitol is 3:2 or 2:1, the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2, the mass percentage of the nutritional additives is 5 wt%, the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 2 wt%, and the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.02.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the osmotic pressure regulator is in a solid or liquid form. The solid osmotic pressure regulator has good hygroscopicity, high chemical stability and is easy to store. When starting to produce water, it makes the concentration of the draw solution greater, thus forming a stronger osmotic pressure. The liquid osmotic pressure regulator itself has a strong osmotic pressure and can form a sufficient osmotic pressure difference with the external water source, so that the clean water molecules in the water source can quickly enter the draw solution end. When the osmotic pressure regulator is in a liquid form, it also includes a solvent that can easily dissolve solid solutes, such as deionized water. In the embodiment of the present application, the osmotic pressure regulator is solid particles.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application also provides an emergency water treatment device using the above-mentioned osmotic pressure regulator; further, the emergency water treatment device is an emergency water bag. The emergency water bag includes a forward osmosis membrane, and the periphery of the forward osmosis membrane is sealed to form a container with an internal space. The forward osmosis membrane used in the embodiment of the present application is a membrane that spontaneously realizes water transfer driven by the osmotic pressure difference on both sides of the membrane. Therefore, by using the forward osmosis membrane to make an emergency water bag and adding an osmotic pressure regulator in the emergency water bag, an osmotic pressure difference is generated inside and outside the emergency water bag, and water molecules can pass through the forward osmosis membrane and enter the membrane bag body. Based on the pore size limitation and osmotic characteristics of the forward osmosis membrane, it can isolate more than 99% of harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, macromolecular pollutants, etc. that may exist in unknown water sources, as well as most of the salts, so that the water in the emergency water bag reaches a potable level. The forward osmosis membrane is preferably one made of materials such as cellulose acetate, polyamide, and polyethersulfone.

[0027] It can be understood that any airtight container with an internal space that can hold liquid is the emergency water bag described in the present application. The emergency water bag provided by the embodiment of the present application can be made into water bags of different sizes, different capacities and different shapes according to actual situations.

[0028] Immerse an emergency water bag composed only of a forward osmosis membrane into seawater from which water needs to be taken. At this time, the high osmotic pressure difference generated by the osmotic pressure regulator serves as the driving force, forcing clean water to enter the emergency water bag and intercepting toxic and harmful substances such as salts, organic matter, heavy metal ions, bacteria, and viruses in the seawater. After 2 - 4 hours, the inside of the water bag will be 200 - 300 ml of potable water. The seawater described in this application can also include other polluted water bodies with an osmotic pressure close to that of seawater.

[0029] The following further tests the performance of the osmotic pressure regulator provided in this application and the emergency water treatment device and emergency water bag using the same through specific examples:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] 1. Mix the raw materials evenly according to the ratio of 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of erythritol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins to prepare the osmotic pressure regulator;

[0032] 2. Place the prepared osmotic pressure regulator inside an emergency water bag made of a forward osmosis membrane;

[0033] 3. Immerse the emergency water bag filled with the osmotic pressure regulator in natural seawater (at a pressure of 2.5 MPa);

[0034] 4. After soaking for 4 hours, cut open the bag mouth and measure 256 ml of liquid.

[0035] The following are the comparative data of the osmosis efficiency of regulators of the same weight under the same water quality conditions using the same forward osmosis membrane:

[0036] Regulator Test time Volume of the extraction solution Quality of the raw water Fructose and glucose 4h 187ml Natural seawater Example 1 4h 256ml Natural seawater

[0037] From the above comparison experiments, it can be known that compared with the osmotic pressure regulator composed of a single sugar in the prior art, the osmotic pressure regulator in Example 1 of this application has a greater osmotic pressure under the same conditions; in the same time, the emergency water bag using the osmotic pressure regulator provided in this example obtains more purified water.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] 1. Mix the raw materials evenly according to the ratio of 29 parts of xylitol, 29 parts of glucose, 19 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins to prepare the osmotic pressure regulator;

[0040] 2. Place the prepared osmotic pressure regulator inside an emergency water bag made of a forward osmosis membrane;

[0041] 3. Immerse the emergency water bag filled with the osmotic pressure regulator in natural seawater (at a pressure of 2.5 MPa);

[0042] 4. After soaking for 4 hours, cut open the bag mouth and measure 252 ml of liquid.

[0043] The following are the comparative data of the osmotic efficiency of regulators of the same weight under the same water quality conditions using the same forward osmosis membrane:

[0044] Regulator Test time Volume of the extraction solution Quality of the raw water Fructose and glucose 4h 187ml Natural seawater Example 2 4h 252ml Natural seawater

[0045] From the above comparison experiments, it can be seen that compared with the osmotic pressure regulators composed of existing single sugars, the osmotic pressure regulator in Example 2 of this application has a greater osmotic pressure under the same conditions; in the same time, the emergency water bag using the osmotic pressure regulator provided in this application example obtains more purified water.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] 1. Mix the raw materials evenly according to the ratio of 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, and 0.02 part of vitamins to prepare an osmotic pressure regulator;

[0048] 2. Place the prepared osmotic pressure regulator inside an emergency water bag made of a forward osmosis membrane;

[0049] 3. Immerse the emergency water bag filled with the osmotic pressure regulator in natural seawater (at a pressure of 2.5 MPa);

[0050] 4. After soaking for 4 hours, cut open the bag mouth and measure 259 ml of liquid.

[0051] The following are the comparative data of the osmotic efficiency of regulators of the same weight under the same water quality conditions using the same forward osmosis membrane:

[0052] Regulator Test time Volume of the extraction solution Quality of the raw water Fructose and glucose 4h 187ml Natural seawater Example 3 4h 259ml Natural seawater

[0053] From the above comparison experiments, it can be seen that compared with the osmotic pressure regulators composed of existing single sugars, the osmotic pressure regulator in Example 3 of this application has a greater osmotic pressure under the same conditions; in the same time, the emergency water bag using the osmotic pressure regulator provided in this application example obtains more purified water.

[0054] The osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses sugar alcohols and sugars as the main components. When used as the extraction liquid of the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag, it can generate a higher osmotic pressure, increase the water flux, and shorten the preparation time of drinking water.

[0055] In addition, the osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses a combination of sugar substitutes and sugars, and adds nutrients required by the human body, making the prepared emergency drinking water lower in calories and higher in nutrition. Moreover, since the absorption efficiency of sugar alcohols by the human body is low, the combination with sugars can effectively reduce the increase in blood sugar, avoiding excessive energy intake by users when drinking water. It can also be used by special populations such as diabetic patients and obese people, expanding the application scenarios of the present application.

[0056] The osmotic pressure regulator described in the present application is a solid particle mainly composed of sugar alcohols and sugars, with good hygroscopicity, high chemical stability, and easy storage. When applied to seawater, the solid osmotic pressure regulator can ensure a higher concentration of the extraction liquid at the beginning of water production, thereby forming a stronger osmotic pressure, further shortening the water production cycle, and reducing the storage cost of the water bag using this regulator.

[0057] On the other hand, the osmotic pressure regulator described in the present application has the advantages of high chemical stability and easy storage, further reducing the storage cost of the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag. In addition, the osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application uses a combination of sugar substitutes and sugars, and adds nutrients required by the human body, making the prepared emergency drinking water lower in calories and higher in nutrition, and not easily increasing blood sugar, avoiding excessive energy intake by users when drinking water. It can also be used by special populations such as diabetic patients and obese people, expanding the application scenarios of the present application.

[0058] On the other hand, due to the adoption of the osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application, the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag provided by the present application can generate a higher osmotic pressure, increase the water flux, and further shorten the preparation time of drinking water.

[0059] In addition, the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag provided by the present application have a simple structure, saving production costs, and can change their size, capacity, and shape according to the actual situation, making their application scenarios more extensive, and their weight is light and easy to carry.

[0060] The above has introduced in detail an osmotic pressure regulator provided by the present application and the emergency water treatment device and the emergency water bag using the same. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the embodiments of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. An emergency water treatment device, characterized in that, Comprising a forward osmosis membrane and an osmotic pressure regulator, the osmotic pressure regulator comprising: Sugar alcohol substances, the sugar alcohol substances being one or more of xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, lactitol, mannitol, and sorbitol; Saccharide substances, the saccharide substances being a mixture of fructose and glucose in a certain mass ratio; Nutritional additives, the nutritional additives including electrolyte additives and / or nutritional supplements, the electrolyte additives being one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium acetate, and potassium lactate, and the nutritional supplements being one or more of taurine, vitamins, and lysine; Acidity regulators and / or humectants, the acidity regulators being one or more of citric acid and malic acid, and the humectant being glycerol. Among them, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the saccharide substances is 62-96 wt%, the mass percentage of the nutritional additives is 3-35 wt%, and the mass percentage of the acidity regulators and / or humectants is 1-3 wt%. The osmotic pressure regulator is in the form of solid particles or liquid.

2. The emergency water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sugar alcohol substances are xylitol and erythritol, the nutritional additives are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins, and the acidity regulator is citric acid. Among them, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the saccharide substances is 96 wt%, where the mass ratio of xylitol to erythritol is 2:1, and the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2; the mass percentage of the nutritional additives is 3 wt%, and the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 1 wt%, where the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.02; or the sugar alcohol substances are xylitol and mannitol, the nutritional additives are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins, the acidity regulator is citric acid, the mass percentage of the sugar alcohol substances and the saccharide substances is 93 wt%, where the mass ratio of xylitol to mannitol is 3:2 or 2:1, the mass ratio of fructose to glucose is 1:2, the mass percentage of the nutritional additives is 5 wt%, and the mass percentage of the acidity regulator is 2 wt%, where the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, citric acid, potassium lactate, potassium acetate, taurine, and vitamins is 12:6:3:3:2:1:0.5:0.

02.

3. The emergency water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Composed of the following substances in corresponding parts by weight: 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of erythritol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.02 part of vitamins; or composed of the following substances in corresponding parts by weight: 29 parts of xylitol, 29 parts of glucose, 19 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.02 part of vitamins; or composed of the following substances in corresponding parts by weight: 33 parts of xylitol, 33 parts of glucose, 16 parts of mannitol, 16 parts of fructose, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of potassium lactate, 1 part of potassium acetate, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.02 part of vitamins.