A method, system, and medium for cutting a bidirectional plug cut spiral bevel gear

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bidirectional plug cutting herringbone gear cutting methods, system and medium, cutting methods include the following steps: A1, first plug gear cutter and second plug gear cutter are installed on plug gear cutter bar, the rake face K1 of the first plug gear cutter and the rake face K2 of second plug gear cutter are oppositely arranged, the distance between the rake face K2 of the second plug gear cutter and the back end surface of the first plug gear cutter is h, satisfy h ≥ L+10, L is plug gear stroke length;A2, determine the cutting parameters of upper helical gear and lower helical gear of herringbone gear;A3, call the numerical control system and programming module of plug gear machine, using second plug gear cutter, first plug gear cutter respectively on upper helical gear, lower helical gear is inserted and cut, and the plug cutting direction of second plug gear cutter and first plug gear cutter is opposite.Solve the technical problem that one direction is used for plug cutting when existing plug cutting is processed, it is difficult to reach the requirement of high symmetry error, the application has the advantages of high product symmetry precision and high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear machining technology, and particularly to the planing machining of herringbone gears with high symmetry and precision requirements for disc-shaped and large-drop stepped shaft parts. In particular, it relates to a method, system and medium for planing herringbone gears in both directions. Background Technology

[0002] The existing herringbone gear has a symmetry error requirement of ±0.1mm for four pairs. The gear blank accuracy of the four herringbone gears should meet the following requirements: tooth width B (60mm) tolerance controlled within ±0.02mm; total length H (150.5mm) tolerance controlled within ±0.02mm; and reference hole diameter (φ100mm) tolerance controlled within 0.025mm. Using existing herringbone gear shaping technology, regardless of whether it's double-tool or single-tool shaping, the shaper cutter moves in one direction, i.e., unidirectional cutting from top to bottom. This is not conducive to further improving the symmetry accuracy of the intersection point of the two helices of the herringbone gear, making it difficult to achieve the high symmetry error requirement. Furthermore, to achieve the symmetry tolerance of the herringbone gear, multiple adjustments to the machine tool are often required for compensation machining, and relatively complex process calculations are also necessary, placing high demands on the technical and operational skills of the operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a method, system, and medium for bidirectional herringbone gear cutting that offers high product symmetry accuracy and high production efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for cutting teeth of a bidirectional herringbone gear by shearing includes the following steps:

[0006] A1. The first and second gear shaping cutters are mounted on the gear shaping cutter bar. The front cutting face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter and the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter are set facing each other. The distance between the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter and the back end face of the first gear shaping cutter is h, which satisfies h≥L+10, where L is the gear shaping stroke length.

[0007] A2, determine the cutting parameters of the upper and lower helical gears of the herringbone gear;

[0008] A3, invoke the CNC system and programming module of the gear shaping machine, and use the second gear shaping cutter and the first gear shaping cutter to perform gear shaping on the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear respectively. The gear shaping directions of the second gear shaping cutter and the first gear shaping cutter are opposite.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0010] In step A2, the cutting parameters include: the feed stroke Z1 and the exit stroke Z2 of the first and second gear shaping cutters, the stroke length L, the initial cutting tooth position, and the initial cutting position of the upper and lower helical gear blanks of the herringbone gear to be shaped.

[0011] In step A2, the stroke length L satisfies L = Z1 + B + Z2, where B represents the tooth width.

[0012] In step A2, the initial cutting tooth position is the initial cutting tooth position angle of the first and second gear shaping cutters, denoted as [reference needed]. ,satisfy:

[0013] =γ1- , =γ2-

[0014] γ1 is the tool spindle position angle of the correcting tooth of the second gear shaper, and γ2 is the tool spindle position angle of the correcting tooth of the first gear shaper.

[0015] Initial position angle of the upper helical gear blank being cut Initial position angle of the helical gear blank being cut The initial working rotation position of the worktable, the first cutting satisfies (Any option can be selected).

[0016] The tool spindle position angle γ1 of the correction tooth of the second gear shaping cutter is determined by the following steps: select any tooth on the second gear shaping cutter as the marking tooth, place the same diameter rollers in the two tooth grooves on both sides of the marking tooth, use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position to be within 0.005mm, and record the corrected tool spindle position angle γ1 of the second gear shaping cutter at this time.

[0017] The tool spindle position angle γ2 of the first gear shaping cutter is determined by the following steps: select any tooth on the first gear shaping cutter as the marking tooth, place rollers of the same diameter in the two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marking tooth, use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position to be within 0.005mm, and record the corrected tool spindle position angle γ2 of the first gear shaping cutter at this time.

[0018] Step A3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] B1. Input the cutting parameters into the gear shaper and perform a gear shaping test on the herringbone gear blank. Leave a preset shaping allowance. First, use the second gear shaper to shape the upper helical gear, and then use the first gear shaper to shape the lower helical gear to obtain the herringbone gear test piece. Take it out and check the symmetry error value of the herringbone gear test piece. Determine whether the symmetry error value is within the tolerance range. If yes, execute B2; otherwise, execute B3.

[0020] B2, Install the herringbone gear test piece and correct the initial cut position angles of the upper and lower helical gears respectively. , The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction is θ1+ +90° indicates that the worktable spindle rotates an additional 90 degrees clockwise, and θ1 is the corrected worktable spindle position angle;

[0021] Modify the cutting parameters of the gear shaper , The corrected initial position angle of the cut tooth , Execute B4;

[0022] The method for determining θ1 is as follows: Reinstall the herringbone gear into the fixture, select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear as the marked tooth groove, and place rollers of the same diameter in two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marked tooth groove (close to the upper end face of the upper helical gear). Use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position to be within 0.005mm. At this time, the corrected worktable spindle position angle is θ1.

[0023] B3. Install the herringbone gear test piece and correct the initial cut position angles of the upper and lower helical gears respectively. , The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction θ1+ +90° indicates that the table spindle rotates an additional 90 degrees clockwise, while simultaneously compensating for and correcting the initial angle value of the table for shaping the herringbone gear. The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction = ± θ1 is the calibrated worktable spindle position angle. = β is the helix angle of the helical gear, Z is the number of teeth of the helical gear, Mn is the normal module of the helical gear, and Y is the symmetry error value. The symbol is + or -, used to modify the cutting parameters of the gear shaper. , To correct the initial position angle of the cut teeth , Execute B4;

[0024] The method for determining θ1 is as follows: Reinstall the herringbone gear into the fixture, select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear as the marked tooth groove, and place rollers of the same diameter in two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marked tooth groove (close to the upper end face of the upper helical gear). Use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position within the range of 0.005mm. At this time, the corrected worktable spindle position angle is θ1.

[0025] B4. Input the modified cutting parameters into the gear shaper to perform gear shaping and remove the remaining cutting allowance to obtain a herringbone gear that meets the size requirements.

[0026] B5. Remove the machined herringbone gear and install the herringbone gear blank to be cut. Repeat step B4 to perform the cutting process until all herringbone gears are machined.

[0027] The gear shaping cutter bar includes a shank end and a threaded fixed end. A first gear shaping cutter is installed on the shank end of the gear shaping cutter bar with its cutting edge facing the shank end, and a second gear shaping cutter is installed on the threaded fixed end of the gear shaping cutter bar with its cutting edge facing the threaded end.

[0028] When shaping an upper helical gear, the second gear shaper cutter moves to the loading and unloading stop position. Then move to the feed position. The teeth are cut from top to bottom. After the teeth are cut, the second cutting tool stays in the retracted position. From the retracted position Return to the tool loading / unloading position ;

[0029] When cutting the helical gear, the first gear cutter moves to the loading and unloading stop position. Then move radially to the feed position. The teeth are inserted from bottom to top. After the teeth are inserted, the first tooth-shaping cutter stops in the retracted position. The tool returns radially from the retracted position to the tool loading / unloading dwell position. .

[0030] As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a bidirectional shearing gear cutting system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] The first mounting module is used to mount the first gear shaping cutter and the second gear shaping cutter on the gear shaping cutter bar. The front cutting face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter and the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter are arranged facing each other. The distance between the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter and the back end face of the first gear shaping cutter is h, which satisfies h≥L+10, where L is the gear shaping stroke length.

[0032] The second calculation module is used to determine the cutting parameters of the upper and lower helical gears of the herringbone gear;

[0033] The third gear shaping module is used by the second gear shaping cutter and the first gear shaping cutter to perform gear shaping on the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear respectively. The gear shaping directions of the second gear shaping cutter and the first gear shaping cutter are opposite.

[0034] As a general inventive concept, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program programmed or configured to perform the bidirectional herringbone gear cutting method.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] In this invention, the rake face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter and the rake face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter are arranged facing each other, and the gear shaping directions of the second gear shaping cutter and the first gear shaping cutter are opposite, that is, a bidirectional shaping method is adopted. The two gear shaping cutters are clamped back to back on the same gear shaping cutter bar at one time. The gear blank can be clamped once (referring to the other gear blank parts after the first piece) to realize the gear shaping of the herringbone gear in one installation. The symmetry error of the intersection point of the two helices of the herringbone gear can be intuitively and accurately controlled, further reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the herringbone gear of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the clamping state of the gear shaping cutter and gear shaping cutter bar of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the helical gear teeth on the herringbone gear of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the gear teeth of the helical gear under the herringbone gear of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool trajectory for cutting the upper and lower helical gears of the herringbone gear according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the symmetry test results of the herringbone gear after planing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0044] 1. Gear shaper bar; 2. First gear shaper cutter; 3. Second gear shaper cutter; 4. Herringbone gear; 41. Upper helical gear; 42. Lower helical gear; 5. Fixture; Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] This invention is based on a CNC gear shaping machine platform with a lifting type, electronic spiral guide rail and bidirectional cutting function, and a rotary axis with zero-position return function. The gear shaping machine also has the following features: the axial position of the tool holder can be set independently, the tool stroke length can be automatically adjusted, the angular position of the worktable and tool spindle can be set independently, and it has a universal helical gear shaping program module.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the herringbone gear 4 in this embodiment includes an upper helical gear 41 and a lower helical gear 42 with opposite directions of rotation. The upper helical gear 41 is left-handed, and the lower helical gear 42 is right-handed. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1. Parameters of Herringbone Gear 4

[0052]

[0053] In this embodiment, the symmetry error requirement for the herringbone gear 4 is ±0.1mm. The precision of the herringbone gear 4 blank should meet the following requirements: the tooth width B (60mm) tolerance should be controlled within ±0.02mm; the total length H (150.5mm) tolerance of the herringbone gear 4 should be controlled within ±0.02mm; and the reference hole diameter D (φ100mm) tolerance should be controlled within 0.025mm.

[0054] A method for cutting teeth of a bidirectional herringbone gear according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) Installation of gear cutter

[0056] The gear shaping tool includes a gear shaping bar 1, and a first gear shaping cutter 2 and a second gear shaping cutter 3 mounted on the gear shaping bar 1. The rake face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the rake face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter 3 are arranged facing each other, that is, the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the second gear shaping cutter 3 are mounted back to back on the gear shaping bar 1.

[0057] Compared to the previously used first gear shaper cutter 2 with its rake face K1 and second gear shaper cutter 3 with their rake faces K2 arranged opposite to each other, this invention uses two opposing rake faces K1 and K2. This means that the machining direction during gear shaping is no longer the traditional single-direction machining, overcoming the shortcomings of existing gear shaper cutters that require machining in a single direction. It also makes it easier to achieve and ensure the high symmetry requirement of the intersection of the helical lines of the herringbone gear. This creates the necessary conditions for completing the gear shaping of the two helical gears in one installation of the herringbone gear blank and simplifies the gear shaping process. It reduces the installation error of the cutter and the blank, ensures the high-precision manufacturing of the symmetry error of the intersection of the helical lines of the two helical gears of the herringbone gear, improves the gear shaping efficiency, and enables the batch shaping of herringbone gears.

[0058] The gear shaping cutter 1 includes a shank end and a threaded fixing end. In this embodiment, the first gear shaping cutter 2 is installed on the shank end of the gear shaping cutter 1 with its cutting edge facing the shank end, and the second gear shaping cutter 3 is installed on the threaded fixing end of the gear shaping cutter 1 with its cutting edge facing the threaded end. The second gear shaping cutter 3 is used to shape the upper helical gear 41 of the herringbone gear 4, and the first gear shaping cutter 2 is used to shape the lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear 4.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance between the rake face K2 of the second gear shaper 3 and the back end face of the first gear shaper 2 (the other side facing the rake face K1) is h, which satisfies h≥L+10 (mm), to prevent the first gear shaper 2 from hitting the upper helical gear 41, where L is the gear shaping stroke length. In this embodiment, h=80mm, satisfying h≥L+10=70+10=80mm.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the second gear shaping cutter 3 are two types of helical cup-shaped gear shaping cutters with opposite directions of rotation and different diameters. The first gear shaping cutter 2 is a large-diameter gear shaping cutter with 35 teeth and a tooth tip circle diameter of φ145.99mm. The second gear shaping cutter 3 is a small-diameter gear shaping cutter with 28 teeth and a tooth tip circle diameter of φ118.145mm. The difference between the tooth tip circle diameters of the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the second gear shaping cutter 3 is 27.845mm, which is about 3.5 times the tooth height of the herringbone gear 4.

[0061] In other embodiments, the difference between the tip circle diameter of the first gear cutter 2 and the second gear cutter 3 is 2.5 to 3.8 times the tooth height of the herringbone gear 4, so as to avoid the tool from colliding and interfering with the other helical tooth when cutting a certain helical gear, and achieve the same or similar technical effect.

[0062] (2) Determination of the feed and exit strokes and the stroke of the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 when cutting the herringbone gear 4

[0063] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, Figure 3 , 4 The dashed line shows the fixture 5 used to mount the herringbone gear 4. The upper helical gear 41 is positioned away from the fixture 5 relative to the lower helical gear 42, i.e., the lower helical gear 42 is located on the inside and the upper helical gear 41 is located on the outside. When shaping the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear 4, the feed stroke Z1 of the two gear shaping cutters (the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the second gear shaping cutter 3) at the feed end (feed position) is (i.e. Figure 3 The distance between the front end face or tip of the second gear cutter 3 and the upper end face of the upper helical gear 41. Figure 4 The distance from the front end face or tip of the first gear shaper 2 to the lower end face of the helical gear 42 is the same, Z1 is generally taken as 5-8mm; the exit stroke Z2 at the exit end (exit position) (i.e. Figure 3 The distance between the front end face or tip of the second gear cutter 3 and the lower end face of the upper helical gear 41. Figure 4 The distance from the front end face or tip of the first gear cutter 2 to the upper end face of the lower helical gear 42 is also taken as the same value, and Z2 is generally taken as 5 to 8 mm.

[0064] The second gear shaper 3 and the first gear shaper 2 respectively shape the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42. The stroke length L is generally the same, satisfying L = Z1 + B + Z2, where Z1 represents the feed stroke, Z2 represents the exit stroke, and B represents the tooth width. The unit of each parameter is mm.

[0065] In this embodiment, Z1 is 5mm, Z2 is 5mm, and B is 60mm, then L = L1 + B + L2 = 5 + 60 + 5 = 70mm.

[0066] (3) Determining the initial cutting tooth position of the gear shaper for the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 when shaping the herringbone gear 4

[0067] The initial cutting tooth position angle of the second gear shaper 3 for shaping the upper helical gear 41 The initial cutting tooth position angle of the first gear shaper 2 for shaping the helical gear 42 is... .

[0068] The following steps are used to determine the position: Select any tooth on the second gear shaper 3 as the marking tooth. Place two rollers of the same diameter in two symmetrical tooth grooves near the marking tooth (marked with a paintbrush). Use a dial indicator to check that the runout of the two rollers is within 0.005mm. At this time, the spindle position angle of the second gear shaper 3 at the correction tooth is recorded as γ1, which satisfies the following conditions: =γ1- In this embodiment, γ1= , = .

[0069] The following steps are used to determine the position: Select any tooth on the first gear shaper 2 as the marking tooth. Place two rollers of the same diameter in two symmetrical tooth grooves near the marking tooth (marked with a paint pen). Use a dial indicator to check that the runout of the two rollers is within 0.005mm. At this time, the spindle position angle of the first gear shaper 2 at the correction tooth is recorded as γ2, which satisfies: =γ2- In this embodiment, γ2= , .

[0070] (4) Determination of the initial cutting position of the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 blanks (initial cutting position of the blanks)

[0071] Let the initial position angle of the helical gear blank 41 (i.e., the initial working rotation position of the worktable) be as follows: The initial cutting position angle of the 42-tooth blank of the lower helical gear (i.e., the initial working rotation position of the worktable) is: During the initial machining of the specimen, any angle can be selected as the initial angular position of the cutting teeth, and both ( , Any value that is the same can be used. In this embodiment, the value is... .

[0072] The cutting trajectories of the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear 4 are shown below. Figure 5 When shaping the upper helical gear 41, the second shaping cutter 3 cuts from top to bottom; when shaping the lower helical gear 42, the first shaping cutter 2 cuts from bottom to top. Figure 5 Surface A is the upper end face of the upper helical gear 41, and surface B is the lower end face of the lower helical gear 42.

[0073] When the upper helical gear 41 is being cut, the second gear cutter 3 moves to the loading and unloading stop position. (The safe distance between the tip of the gear shaper and the upper end face and the addendum circle of the upper helical gear 41 at this position is more than 20mm, which is 25mm in this embodiment) → Move to the infeed position along any trajectory (The distance between the tip of the gear shaping cutter and the upper end face of the upper helical gear at this position is the feed stroke Z1 (5mm in this embodiment), and the radial clearance from the tip circle of the upper helical gear is 0.1-0.4mm (0.2mm in this embodiment) → Gear shaping from top to bottom → At the retraction position (Same as the feed position) Tool stops at the top → Returns from the retraction position to the tool loading / unloading position along any trajectory. .

[0074] The retraction position refers to the position where the tool rests after one gear shaping cycle or one or more shaping cycles are completed. The feed position refers to the radial and axial feed positions of the gear shaper; both positions are the same.

[0075] When cutting the helical gear 42, the first gear cutter 2 moves to the loading and unloading stop position. (The distance between the tip of the gear shaper and the lower end face of the lower helical gear 42 is the feed stroke Z1 (5mm in this embodiment), and the distance from the tip circle of the lower helical gear 42 is more than 20mm, 25mm in this embodiment) → Move radially to the feed position (The axial position of the gear shaping cutter tip remains unchanged at this position, and the radial clearance from the tip circle of the 42nd tooth of the lower helical gear is 0.1-0.4mm; in this embodiment, it is 0.2mm.) → Gear shaping from bottom to top → At the retraction position (Same as the feed position) Tool stops at the top → radially returns from the retraction position to the tool loading / unloading position. .

[0076] The precision of the herringbone gear blank 4 should be compatible with the symmetry tolerance requirement of its helix intersection point. For example, if the symmetry error requirement of the herringbone gear 4 is ±0.1mm, then the tolerance of the distance H between the outer end faces of the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 should be controlled within ±0.02mm; if the symmetry error requirement of the herringbone gear 4 is ±0.2mm, then the tolerance of the distance H between the outer end faces of the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 should be controlled within ±0.05mm.

[0077] (5) Shaping of the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear 4

[0078] Following the methods and tool holders determined in steps (1) to (4), and installing the herringbone gear 4 on the same fixture 5, the general tool setting and gear shaper adjustment method is adopted. The existing general helical gear shaping program module of the gear shaper is used to compile helical gear shaping programs and set corresponding parameters for the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear, respectively. The specific steps include:

[0079] S1, Set the starting angle values ​​of the tool spindle and the worktable (when programming the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42): Set the tool spindle angle position values ​​of the second gear shaping cutter 3 and the first gear shaping cutter 2 to respectively and The starting angle of the worktable When the initial settings are the same, ensure that the first cutting tooth of the gear shaper is the set cutting tooth when the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 are being cut, and that the first tooth of the gear blank is cut at the same starting angle position.

[0080] S2, during the cutting process, first cut the upper helical gear 41, then cut the lower helical gear 42.

[0081] The first herringbone gear 4 part to be processed is first subjected to a gear cutting test. When the test piece is cut for the first time, both helical gears of the herringbone gear 4 are left with a 1 / 3 allowance (both helical gears are cut, but allowance is left). After cutting the test piece, the symmetry error value of the herringbone gear 4 is checked. It is determined whether the symmetry error value is within the tolerance range. If it is, S3 is executed; otherwise, S4 is executed.

[0082] S3, if the symmetry error is within the tolerance range (e.g., within 0.1mm), then reinstall the herringbone gear 4 into the fixture, select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear 41 as the marking tooth groove, and place rollers of the same diameter in the two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marking tooth groove (near the upper end face of the upper helical gear 41). Use a gauge to check that the runout of the roller position is within 0.005mm. At this time, the corrected worktable spindle position angle is θ1= The new starting angle value of the worktable for cutting the upper helical gear 41 is then... The new starting angle value of the worktable for cutting the helical gear 42 should meet the following requirements. The new starting angle value of the worktable is then reset in the gear shaping program of the two helical gears (replacing the original value). Then continue cutting to the final size requirement. The subsequent herringbone gear 4 only needs to be installed and machined to the size in one go.

[0083] S4. If the symmetry error exceeds the tolerance range (e.g., above 0.3mm), the starting position angle values ​​of the worktable for the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 in the herringbone gear 4 need to be recalibrated, and the starting position angle value of the worktable for the lower helical gear 42 needs to be compensated and corrected. (i.e., the additional angle value that is increased or decreased).

[0084] Under these conditions, the angle value of the new starting position of the worktable for cutting the upper helical gear 41 and lower helical gear 42 is... , The method for determining it is as follows:

[0085] The determination steps are as follows: Reinstall the herringbone gear 4 into the fixture. Select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear 41 as the marking groove. Place rollers of the same diameter in two symmetrical grooves on either side of the marking groove (near the upper end face of the upper helical gear 41). Use a gauge to calibrate the runout of the rollers; if it is within 0.005mm, the calibrated worktable spindle position angle is θ1 = The new starting angle value of the worktable for cutting the upper helical gear 41 is then... .

[0086] : should meet = ±

[0087] in, = (Unit: degrees), β is the helix angle of the helical gear, Z is the number of teeth of the helical gear, Mn is the normal module of the helical gear, and Y is the symmetry error value. The sign of the value is determined by ±, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0088] Table 2. Method for determining the sign of the compensation correction angle of the lower helical gear 42 worktable.

[0089]

[0090] In this embodiment, for , = =0.1036°. According to Table 2, If the sign of the value is +, then: = = + = .

[0091] The starting cutting position angle of the helical gear 41 worktable in this state (in this embodiment, it is...) ) for new The starting cutting position angle of the helical gear 42 worktable (in this embodiment, it is...) ) changed to new Then continue cutting to the final required dimensions. Subsequent herringbone gear cutting is done in sequence, requiring only one installation and machining to complete to the required dimensions.

[0092] S5, End.

[0093] The symmetry error detection results of the herringbone gear 4 (with symmetry error measured using a gear measuring center) manufactured in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the herringbone gear 4 produced in this embodiment has a high symmetry accuracy of 0.0807mm after testing.

[0094] The bidirectional shear gear cutting system of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0095] The first mounting module is used to mount the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the second gear shaping cutter 3 on the gear shaping cutter bar 1. The front cutting face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter 2 and the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter 3 are set facing each other. The distance between the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter 3 and the back end face of the first gear shaping cutter 2 is h, which satisfies h≥L+10, where L is the gear shaping stroke length.

[0096] The second calculation module is used to determine the cutting parameters of the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 of the herringbone gear 4;

[0097] The third gear shaping module is used for the second gear shaping cutter 3 and the first gear shaping cutter 2 to perform gear shaping on the upper helical gear 41 and the lower helical gear 42 respectively. The gear shaping directions of the second gear shaping cutter 3 and the first gear shaping cutter 2 are opposite.

[0098] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program programmed or configured to perform the bidirectional herringbone gear cutting method.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, produce implementations of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The functions specified in one or more boxes. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cutting teeth of a bidirectional herringbone gear by shearing, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A1, the first gear shaping cutter (2) and the second gear shaping cutter (3) are mounted on the gear shaping cutter bar (1). The front cutting face K1 of the first gear shaping cutter (2) and the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter (3) are set facing each other. The distance between the front cutting face K2 of the second gear shaping cutter (3) and the back end face of the first gear shaping cutter (2) is h, which satisfies h≥L+10, where L is the length of the gear shaping stroke. A2, determine the cutting parameters of the upper helical gear (41) and lower helical gear (42) of the herringbone gear (4); A3, call the CNC system and programming module of the gear shaping machine, and use the second gear shaping cutter (3) and the first gear shaping cutter (2) to perform gear shaping on the upper helical gear (41) and the lower helical gear (42) respectively. The gear shaping directions of the second gear shaping cutter (3) and the first gear shaping cutter (2) are opposite. In step A2, the cutting parameters include: the feed stroke Z1, the exit stroke Z2, the stroke length L, and the initial cutting tooth position of the first gear shaper (2) and the second gear shaper (3); the initial cutting tooth position of the upper helical gear (41) and the lower helical gear (42) of the herringbone gear (4) to be shaped; and the initial cutting tooth position is the initial cutting tooth position angle of the first gear shaper (2) and the second gear shaper (3), denoted as . ,satisfy: =γ1- , =γ2- , -90° indicates that the tool spindle rotates an additional 90 degrees counterclockwise. γ1 is the tool spindle position angle of the correction tooth of the second gear cutter (3), and γ2 is the tool spindle position angle of the correction tooth of the first gear cutter (2). Initial position angle of the upper helical gear (41) blank being cut The initial position angle of the helical gear blank (42) being cut. The initial working rotation position of the worktable, the first cutting satisfies .

2. The tooth cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the stroke length L satisfies L=Z1+B+Z2, where B represents the tooth width.

3. The tooth cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool spindle position angle γ1 of the correction tooth of the second gear cutter (3) is determined by the following steps: select any tooth on the second gear cutter (3) as the marking tooth, place a roller in the two tooth grooves symmetrical on both sides of the marking tooth, use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position within the range of 0.005mm, and record the tool spindle position angle γ1 of the second gear cutter (3) at this time. The tool spindle position angle γ2 of the first gear shaping cutter (2) is determined by the following steps: select any tooth on the first gear shaping cutter (2) as the marking tooth, place the same diameter rollers in the two tooth grooves on both sides of the marking tooth, use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position within the range of 0.005mm, and record the tool spindle position angle γ2 of the first gear shaping cutter (2) at this time.

4. The tooth cutting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step A3 specifically includes the following steps: B1. Input the cutting parameters into the gear shaping machine and perform a gear shaping test on the herringbone gear (4) blank part. Reserve a preset cutting allowance. First, use the second gear shaping cutter (3) to shape the upper helical gear (41), and then use the first gear shaping cutter (2) to shape the lower helical gear (42) to obtain the herringbone gear (4) test piece. Take it out and check the symmetry error value of the herringbone gear (4) test piece. Determine whether the symmetry error value is within the tolerance range. If yes, execute B2; otherwise, execute B3. B2, install the herringbone gear (4) test piece, and correct the initial cut position angle of the upper helical gear (41) and lower helical gear (42) blanks respectively. , The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction θ1+ +90° indicates that the worktable spindle rotates an additional 90 degrees clockwise, and θ1 is the corrected worktable spindle position angle; Modify the cutting parameters of the gear shaper , The corrected initial position angle of the cut tooth , Execute B4; The method for determining θ1 is as follows: Reinstall the herringbone gear (4) into the fixture, select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear (41) as the marked tooth groove, place the same diameter rollers in the two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marked tooth groove, and use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position within the range of 0.005mm. At this time, the corrected worktable spindle position angle is θ1. B3, Install the herringbone gear (4) test piece, and correct the initial cut position angle of the upper helical gear (41) and lower helical gear (42) blanks respectively. , The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction θ1+ +90° indicates that the worktable spindle rotates an additional 90 degrees clockwise, and at the same time, the starting position angle value of the lower helical gear (42) of the shearing gear (4) is compensated and corrected. The initial position angle of the cut tooth after correction = ± θ1 is the calibrated worktable spindle position angle. = β is the helix angle of the helical gear, Z is the number of teeth of the helical gear, Mn is the normal module of the helical gear, and Y is the symmetry error value. The sign is + or -; Modify the cutting parameters of the gear shaper , To correct the initial position angle of the cut teeth , Execute B4; The method for determining θ1 is as follows: Reinstall the herringbone gear (4) into the fixture, select any tooth groove on the upper helical gear (41) as the marked tooth groove, place the same diameter rollers in the two symmetrical tooth grooves on both sides of the marked tooth groove, and use a gauge to correct the runout value of the roller position within the range of 0.005mm. At this time, the corrected worktable spindle position angle is θ1. B4. Input the modified cutting parameters into the gear shaper for gear shaping to remove the remaining cutting allowance, and thus obtain the herringbone gear (4) that meets the size requirements. B5, take out the machined herringbone gear (4) and install the herringbone gear (4) blank to be cut. Repeat step B4 to perform cutting until all herringbone gears (4) are machined.

5. The tooth cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gear shaping cutter bar (1) includes a handle end and a threaded fixed end. The first gear shaping cutter (2) is installed on the handle end of the gear shaping cutter bar (1) with the cutting edge facing the handle end. The second gear shaping cutter (3) is installed on the threaded fixed end of the gear shaping cutter bar (1) with the cutting edge facing the threaded end.

6. The tooth cutting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When cutting the upper helical gear (41), the second gear cutter (3) moves to the loading and unloading stop position. Then move to the feed position. The teeth are inserted from top to bottom. After the teeth are inserted, the second tooth inserter (3) stays in the retracted position. From the retracted position Return to the tool loading / unloading position ; Infeed position and retraction position It's the same location; When cutting the helical gear (42), the first gear cutter (2) moves to the loading and unloading stop position. Then move radially to the feed position. The teeth are inserted from bottom to top. After the teeth are inserted, the first tooth inserter (2) stays in the retracted position. The tool returns radially from the retracted position to the tool loading / unloading dwell position. ; Infeed position and retraction position It's the same location.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that is programmed or configured to perform the bidirectional shearing gear cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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