Energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system and fresh air preheating and precooling method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a multi-stage energy storage type fresh air preheating and precooling system and a fresh air preheating and precooling method thereof, and relates to the fields of solar photovoltaic-thermal units, thermoelectric refrigeration technology, energy storage technology and building energy saving. The application solves the problems that in the existing winter ultra-low energy consumption building, fresh air preheating energy consumption is large, fresh air preheating and precooling cannot be simultaneously realized by using a set of system. A second exhaust air purification module, a fresh air three-stage preheating section, a first double-turning air fan and a first fresh air filtering module are arranged on a first air duct; a first exhaust air purification module, a second double-turning air fan and a second fresh air filtering module are arranged on a second air duct; a fresh air first-stage temperature adjusting section is sealingly installed in a rectangular through hole in the side wall of the second air duct at the upper end; the fresh air first-stage temperature adjusting section is sealingly installed in a rectangular through hole in the side wall of the first air duct at the lower end; and the solar photovoltaic-thermal section supplies power for the first double-turning air fan, the second double-turning air fan and the fresh air first-stage temperature adjusting section. The application can meet the fresh air preheating effect in winter and the fresh air precooling effect in summer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of solar photovoltaic thermal units, thermoelectric refrigeration technology, energy storage technology and building energy conservation, and specifically to an energy storage-type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system for ultra-low energy consumption buildings, a winter fresh air preheating method, and a summer fresh air precooling method. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated pace of urbanization in my country, the construction industry has experienced rapid growth and continued expansion. Under the "dual carbon" policy and the concept of green environmental protection, the shortcomings of traditional buildings, such as high energy consumption and high pollution levels, have been exposed. Consequently, ultra-low energy building technology, a green technology with environmental protection, energy conservation, and emission reduction benefits, has emerged in recent years. Ultra-low energy buildings utilize local natural conditions and employ highly insulated and airtight enclosures to minimize cold air infiltration. While this ensures airtightness, cooking indoors in ultra-low energy buildings in winter can cause the air temperature to rise and become tainted with cooking fumes. To maintain indoor air quality, mechanical ventilation systems must be activated for exhaust and ventilation. Traditional mechanical ventilation systems electrically heat cold outdoor air before re-injecting it into the building, significantly increasing electricity consumption and impacting the building's energy efficiency, contradicting the goal of ultra-low energy operation. Furthermore, directly exhausting hot indoor air not only pollutes the environment and raises ambient temperatures, but also wastes the heat contained in the air. Currently, most studies are limited to the preheating of outdoor fresh air and do not consider the cooling of indoor exhaust air.

[0003] Thermoelectric cooling, also known as thermoelectric cooling, utilizes the Peltier effect to achieve cooling. The Peltier effect involves a closed circuit composed of two dissimilar metals. When a DC current passes through this loop, one node in the loop absorbs heat while the other releases it. Because thermoelectric cooling often uses specialized semiconductor materials as thermopiles, it is called semiconductor cooling. Currently, with the continuous development of the microelectronics industry, thermoelectric cooling technology has demonstrated advantages such as small size, simple structure, and high reliability. However, despite the high cooling power of thermoelectric coolers, their maximum cooling temperature difference remains severely limited, restricting their scope of application.

[0004] Integrated solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technology organically combines solar photovoltaic power generation with solar thermal collection. On the one hand, it improves the efficiency of solar energy utilization per unit area of ​​irradiated light. On the other hand, the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells decreases as the surface temperature of the cells increases. Fluid circulation removes heat, lowering the surface temperature of the photovoltaic cells and improving the light-to-electricity efficiency. Solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technology can simultaneously generate both electrical and thermal energy, offering high overall utilization efficiency, and has been a hot topic in recent years in solar energy research.

[0005] Energy storage technology is an important means of resolving the imbalance between energy supply and demand over time. Currently, the main methods of heat storage include thermochemical heat storage, sensible heat storage, and phase change heat storage. Phase change heat storage, a high-tech energy storage technology based on phase change materials, utilizes the phase change process of thermal storage materials to release and store heat. Its heat storage density can reach 10 times or even higher than that of sensible heat storage, leading to its widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in existing ultra-low energy consumption buildings in winter, such as high energy consumption for fresh air preheating and the inability to achieve fresh air preheating and precooling simultaneously with a single system, and to provide an energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system and a fresh air preheating and precooling method thereof.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system with energy storage type includes a first air duct 1, a second air duct 2, a first electric composite louver air outlet 101, a second electric composite louver air outlet 201, a solar photovoltaic thermal section 13, a first fresh air filter module 3, a first exhaust purification module 7, a first double-direction fan 10, a second double-direction fan 11, a fresh air first-stage temperature adjustment section, a fresh air second-stage temperature adjustment section, a fresh air third-stage preheating section 6, a second fresh air filter module 8, a second exhaust purification module 9, a third electric composite louver air outlet 102 and a fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The left and right ends of the first air duct 1 are respectively provided with the third electric composite louver air outlet 102 and the The first electric composite louver air outlet 101, the first air duct 1 is provided with a second exhaust purification module 9, a fresh air three-stage preheating section 6, a first double-steering fan 10 and a first fresh air filter module 3 from left to right, the two ends of the second air duct 2 are provided with a second electric composite louver air outlet 201 and a fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202, the second air duct 2 is provided with a first exhaust purification module 7, a second double-steering fan 11 and a second fresh air filter module 8 from left to right, the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is arranged between the first air duct 1 and the second air duct 2, and the side walls of the first air duct 1 and the second air duct 2 are respectively provided with rectangular through holes matching the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section. The upper end of the fresh air level temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the second air duct 2, and the lower end of the fresh air level temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the first air duct 1. The fresh air level two temperature adjustment section includes a condenser 501, a throttle valve 502, a gas-liquid separator 503, an evaporator 504 and a compressor 505. The condenser 501 is located between the fresh air level three preheating section 6 and the fresh air level one temperature adjustment section. The condenser 501 is installed on the first air duct 1, and the shell side of the condenser 501 is connected to the inside of the first air duct 1. The evaporator 504 is located between the second double-redirection fan 11 and the fresh air level one temperature adjustment section. The evaporator 504 is installed on the second air duct 2, and the shell side of the evaporator 504 is connected to the inside of the first air duct 1. It is connected to the inside of the second air duct 2, and the pipe-side water outlet of the condenser 501 is connected to the pipe-side water inlet of the evaporator 504 through the third connecting water pipe. The throttle valve 502 and the gas-liquid separator 503 are installed in sequence on the third connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium refrigerant in the water pipe. The pipe-side water outlet of the evaporator 504 is connected to the pipe-side water inlet of the condenser 501 through the fourth connecting water pipe. The compressor 505 is installed on the fourth connecting water pipe. The solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 supplies power to the first double-redirection fan 10, the second double-redirection fan 11 and the fresh air first-level temperature control section respectively. The pipe side of the solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 and the pipe side of the fresh air third-level preheating section 6 form a closed loop.

[0009] Furthermore, the first-level temperature control section of fresh air includes a thermoelectric refrigerator 12, a phase-change cold storage material 401 and a first phase-change heat storage material 402. The upper end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 absorbs heat as a cold end, and the lower end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 releases heat as a hot end. The first phase-change heat storage material 402 and the phase-change heat storage material 401 are both encapsulated in a sealed container with the same structure. The upper end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silicone and bonded to the sealed container filled with the first phase-change heat storage material 402. The upper end of the sealed container filled with the first phase-change heat storage material 402 is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the second air duct 2. The lower end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silicone and bonded to the sealed container filled with the phase-change cold storage material 401. The lower end of the sealed container filled with the phase-change cold storage material 401 is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the first air duct 1.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermoelectric cooler 12 includes two ceramic plates 121, multiple copper guide plates 122 and multiple groups of semiconductor units, which are evenly arranged on the same horizontal plane. Each group of semiconductor units includes an N-type semiconductor 123 and a P-type semiconductor 124. The upper ends of the N-type semiconductor 123 and the P-type semiconductor 124 in the same group of semiconductor units are fixedly connected through the copper guide plates 122, wherein the lower ends of the P-type semiconductor 124 and the N-type semiconductor 123 in the group of semiconductor units are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the N-type semiconductor 123 and the P-type semiconductor 124 in the other two adjacent groups of semiconductor units through the copper guide plates 122. The upper and lower ends of the multiple groups of semiconductor units are respectively covered with two ceramic plates 121, the upper end surface of the upper ceramic plate 121 is glued to the sealed container filled with phase change cold storage material 401, and the lower end surface of the lower ceramic plate 121 is glued to the sealed container filled with the first phase change heat storage material 402.

[0011] Furthermore, the solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 includes a solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131, a photovoltaic charge controller 132, a battery 133, an inverter 134, a first control valve 135 and a second control valve 136. The solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the photovoltaic charge controller 132 through a wire, the photovoltaic charge controller 132 is connected to the battery 133 through a wire, the battery 133 is connected to the inverter 134 through a wire, and the inverter 134 is connected to the first double-steering fan 10, the second double-steering fan 11 and the thermoelectric cooler 12 through multiple wires respectively. The water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the water outlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 through a first connecting water pipe, and the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the water inlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 through a second connecting water pipe. The first control valve 135 and the second control valve 136 are respectively provided at the water inlet and outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131.

[0012] Furthermore, the first fresh air filter module 3 includes a first flow equalizing plate 301, a first filter cotton layer 302, a first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303, a first disassembly and fixing device 304 and a first inspection port 305. The first disassembly and fixing device 304 can be detachably installed on the inner wall of the first air duct 1 near the first electric composite louver air outlet 101. The first air duct 1 is provided with a first inspection port 305 corresponding to the first disassembly and fixing device 304. The first flow equalizing plate 301, the first filter cotton layer 302 and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303 are installed in sequence from right to left inside the first disassembly and fixing device 304.

[0013] Furthermore, the first exhaust purification module 7 includes a second flow equalizing plate 701, a first pre-filtering mechanism 702, a first fume purifier 703, a second disassembly and fixing device 704 and a second inspection port 705. The second disassembly and fixing device 704 can be detachably installed on the inner wall of the second air duct 2 near the second electric composite louver air outlet 201. A second inspection port 705 corresponding to the second disassembly and fixing device 704 is installed on the second air duct 2. The second flow equalizing plate 701, the first pre-filtering mechanism 702 and the first fume purifier 703 are installed in the second disassembly and fixing device 704 from left to right.

[0014] Furthermore, the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 includes a second phase-change heat storage material 601, a first stop valve 602, a second stop valve 603, a check valve 604 and a circulation pump 605. The first air duct 1 is provided with a sealed container adapted to the shape of the air duct, and the sealed container is located between the condenser 501 and the second exhaust purification module 9. The second phase-change heat storage material 601 is filled into the sealed container and wrapped around the outer surface of the air duct. A spirally wrapped hot water exchange pipe is embedded in the second phase-change heat storage material 601. The heat exchange One end of the water pipe is connected to the water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 through the first connecting water pipe, and the second stop valve 603, the check valve 604, the circulating pump 605 and the second control valve 136 are installed in sequence on the first connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe. The other end of the hot water exchange pipe is connected to the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 through the second connecting water pipe, and the first control valve 135 and the first stop valve 602 are installed in sequence on the second connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the second fresh air filter module 8 includes a third equalizing plate 801, a second filter cotton layer 802, a second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803, a third disassembly and fixing device 804 and a third inspection port 805. The third disassembly and fixing device 804 can be detachably installed on the inner wall of the second air duct 2 near the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The second air duct 2 is provided with a third inspection port 805 corresponding to the third disassembly and fixing device 804. The third equalizing plate 801, the second filter cotton layer 802 and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803 are installed in sequence from right to left inside the third disassembly and fixing device 804.

[0016] Furthermore, the second exhaust purification module 9 includes a fourth flow equalizing plate 901, a second pre-filtering mechanism 902, a second oil fume purifier 903, a fourth disassembly and fixing device 904 and a fourth inspection port 905. The fourth disassembly and fixing device 904 can be detachably installed on the inner wall of the first air duct 1 near the side of the third electric composite louver air outlet 102. The first air duct 1 is provided with a fourth inspection port 905 corresponding to the fourth disassembly and fixing device 904. The fourth flow equalizing plate 901, the second pre-filtering mechanism 902 and the second oil fume purifier 903 are installed in sequence from left to right inside the fourth disassembly and fixing device 904.

[0017] A fresh air preheating and precooling method based on the energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system described in the ninth embodiment is implemented by the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Winter fresh air preheating method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system:

[0019] In winter conditions,

[0020] The fresh air first level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first level preheating section 41 in winter;

[0021] The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is the fresh air secondary preheating section 51 in winter;

[0022] The first air duct 1 is a fresh air duct in winter, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left;

[0023] The second air duct 2 is an exhaust air duct in winter, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right;

[0024] The first electric composite louver air vent 101 is a fresh air inlet in winter;

[0025] The second electric composite louver air vent 201 is an exhaust inlet in winter;

[0026] The first double-direction fan 10 is a fresh air fan in winter, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the first air duct 1 and is delivered to the room;

[0027] The second double-reversing fan 11 is an exhaust fan in winter, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the second air duct 2 and be discharged to the outside;

[0028] The third electric composite louver air outlet 102 is used as a fresh air outlet in winter;

[0029] The fourth electric composite louver air vent 202 is an exhaust outlet in winter;

[0030] Outdoor fresh air enters the first air duct 1 through the first electric composite louver air outlet 101. Under the action of the first flow equalizer 301, the turbulent outdoor air flow is evenly passed through the first filter cotton layer 302 and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303. Then, under the action of the first double-reversing fan 10, the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left in the first air duct 1 and is delivered to the room.

[0031] The indoor exhaust air enters the second air duct 2 through the second electric composite louver air outlet 201. The second flow equalizer 701 makes the turbulent indoor air flow evenly flow through the first pre-filter mechanism 702 and the first oil fume purifier 703. Then, the second double-reversing fan 11 makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the second air duct 2 and be discharged outdoors.

[0032] When the outdoor fresh air and indoor exhaust air flow through the surface of the first phase change thermal storage material 402 and the phase change cold storage material 401 respectively, heat exchange is performed, completing the first-level preheating of the fresh air while also achieving the second-level precooling of the exhaust air;

[0033] When the fresh air enters the condenser 501, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating medium refrigerant to achieve secondary preheating of the fresh air; at the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid and enters the throttle valve 502. The throttle valve 502 reduces the pressure by throttling, so that the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters the gas-liquid separator 503; after the circulating medium refrigerant enters the evaporator 504 as a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid, it exchanges heat with the indoor exhaust again, and the circulating medium refrigerant vaporizes and absorbs the heat of the indoor exhaust air to achieve primary cooling of the exhaust air; then the circulating medium refrigerant enters the compressor 505 and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and returns to the condenser 501 to form a cycle, and the outdoor fresh air and the indoor exhaust air are respectively preheated in the condenser 501 and cooled in the evaporator 504;

[0034] When the outdoor fresh air passes through the air duct wrapped by the second phase change thermal storage material 601, heat exchange occurs with the second phase change thermal storage material 601, and the heat is transferred to the fresh air, and the temperature rises to achieve three-level preheating of the fresh air;

[0035] The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the third electric composite louver air outlet 102; the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202;

[0036] At this point, the winter fresh air preheating is completed;

[0037] Step 2: Summer fresh air precooling method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system:

[0038] Compared with winter operating conditions, in summer operating conditions, the first control valve 135, the second control valve 136, the first stop valve 602, the second stop valve 603, and the circulation pump 605 of the system are all kept closed; the motors of the first double-direction fan 10 in the first air duct 1 and the second double-direction fan 11 in the second air duct 2 are reversed, thereby changing the air flow direction in the air duct;

[0039] In summer conditions,

[0040] The fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section 42;

[0041] The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section 52;

[0042] The first air duct 1 is an exhaust air duct in summer, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right;

[0043] The second air duct 2 is a fresh air duct in summer, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left;

[0044] The fourth electric composite louver air vent 202 is used as a fresh air inlet in summer;

[0045] The third electric composite louver air vent 102 is an exhaust air inlet in summer;

[0046] The second double-reversing fan 11 is a fresh air fan in summer, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the second air duct 2 and is delivered to the room;

[0047] The first double-direction fan 10 is an exhaust fan in summer, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the first air duct 1 and be discharged to the outside;

[0048] The second electric composite louver air outlet 201 is used as a fresh air outlet in summer;

[0049] The first electric composite louver air vent 101 is an exhaust outlet in summer;

[0050] The outdoor fresh air enters the second air duct 2 through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The third flow equalizer 801 makes the turbulent outdoor air flow evenly flow through the second filter cotton layer 802 and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803. Then, the second double-direction fan 11 makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the second air duct 2 and is delivered to the room.

[0051] The indoor exhaust air enters the first air duct 1 through the third electric composite louver air outlet 102. The fourth flow equalizer 901 makes the turbulent indoor air flow evenly flow through the second pre-filter mechanism 902 and the second oil fume purifier 903. Then, the first double-reversing fan 10 makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the first air duct 1 and be discharged outdoors.

[0052] When the outdoor fresh air flows through the surface of the phase change cold storage material 401, the heat is released and the temperature drops, thereby achieving the first-level pre-cooling of the outdoor fresh air;

[0053] After the primary pre-cooling, the fresh air enters the evaporator 504 and exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure circulating medium refrigerant. The temperature drops, and the secondary pre-cooling of the fresh air is achieved. At the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, low-pressure gas and enters the compressor 505. After the pressure is increased, it enters the condenser 501 for heat exchange and then passes through the throttle valve 502 and the gas-liquid separator 503 in sequence before entering the evaporator 504, forming a cycle.

[0054] The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the second electric composite louver air outlet 201; the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the first electric composite louver air outlet 101;

[0055] At this point, the summer fresh air pre-cooling is completed.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0057] 1. The energy storage-type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system for ultra-low energy consumption buildings of the present invention fully utilizes the heat and cold generated by the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric cooler, and simultaneously achieves the two goals of preheating fresh air and cooling exhaust air without wasting energy; and the thermoelectric cooler has a simple structure, occupies a small area, is easy to install, and is conducive to promotion in actual engineering applications.

[0058] 2. The phase-change energy storage material coated on the surface of the thermoelectric cooler of this invention increases the contact heat exchange area with the air, helping to improve heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, by storing energy during the day, it can still achieve fresh air preheating and exhaust air cooling in the absence of light at night.

[0059] 3. The present invention uses the electricity generated by solar photovoltaic thermal technology to operate dual-direction fans and thermoelectric coolers; at the same time, the generated heat energy is transferred to the water in the circulation system, which can not only reduce the surface temperature of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector to improve the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency, but also continuously transfer the heat to the phase change thermal storage material for storage, and can achieve preheating of outdoor fresh air both during the day and at night, solving the problem of imbalance between supply and demand time.

[0060] 4. The present invention only requires one system to meet the effects of fresh air preheating in winter and fresh air precooling in summer. The system is easy to adjust and can operate all year round, and the system utilization rate is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system of the present invention under winter conditions;

[0062] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system of the present invention under summer working conditions;

[0063] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the thermoelectric cooler 12 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the air duct of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 of the present invention.

[0065] In the figure: 1-first air duct, 101-first electric composite louver air outlet, 102-third electric composite louver air outlet, 2-second air duct, 201-second electric composite louver air outlet, 202-fourth electric composite louver air outlet, 3-first fresh air filter module, 301-first flow equalizing plate, 302-first filter cotton layer, 303-first activated carbon adsorption filter layer, 304-first disassembly and fixing device, 305-first maintenance port, 41-fresh air first preheating section, 42-fresh Air first-stage pre-cooling section, 401-phase change cold storage material, 402-first phase change heat storage material, 51-fresh air second-stage pre-cooling section, 52-fresh air second-stage pre-cooling section, 501-condenser, 502-throttle valve, 503-gas-liquid separator, 504-evaporator, 505-compressor, 6-fresh air third-stage pre-heating section, 601-second phase change heat storage material, 602-first stop valve, 603-second stop valve, 604-check valve, 605-circulation pump, 7-first exhaust purification module, 7 01-second equalizer, 702-first pre-filter, 703-oil fume purifier, 704-second disassembly and fixing device, 705-second inspection port, 8-second fresh air filter module, 801-third equalizer, 802-second filter cotton layer, 803-second activated carbon adsorption filter layer, 804-third disassembly and fixing device, 805-third inspection port, 9-second exhaust purification module, 901-fourth equalizer, 902-second pre-filter, 903-oil fume purifier, 904-Fourth disassembly and fixing device, 905-Fourth inspection port, 10-First double-steering fan, 11-Second double-steering fan, 12-Thermoelectric cooler, 121-Ceramic sheet, 122-Copper guide plate, 123-N-type semiconductor, 124-P-type semiconductor, 13-Solar photovoltaic thermal section, 131-Solar photovoltaic thermal collector, 132-Photovoltaic charge controller, 133-Battery, 134-Inverter, 135-First control valve, 136-Second control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 4 The present embodiment describes an energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system of the present embodiment, which includes a first air duct 1, a second air duct 2, a first electric composite louver air outlet 101, a second electric composite louver air outlet 201, a solar photovoltaic thermal section 13, a first fresh air filter module 3, a first exhaust purification module 7, a first double-steering fan 10, a second double-steering fan 11, a fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section, a fresh air second-level temperature adjustment section, a fresh air third-level preheating section 6, a second fresh air filter module 8, a second exhaust purification module 9, a third electric composite louver air outlet 102 and a fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The left and right ends of the first air duct 1 are respectively provided with a third electric composite louver air outlet. The first air duct 1 is provided with a second exhaust purification module 9, a fresh air three-stage preheating section 6, a first double-steering fan 10 and a first fresh air filter module 3, and the two ends of the second air duct 2 are provided with a second electric composite louver air vent 201 and a fourth electric composite louver air vent 202. The second air duct 2 is provided with a first exhaust purification module 7, a second double-steering fan 11 and a second fresh air filter module 8, and the first air duct 1 is provided with a first air purification module 7, a second double-steering fan 11 and a second fresh air filter module 8, and the first air duct 1 and the second air duct 2 are provided with a matrix matching the first air temperature adjustment section. shaped through hole, the upper end of the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the second air duct 2, and the lower end of the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the first air duct 1. The fresh air second-level temperature adjustment section includes a condenser 501, a throttle valve 502, a gas-liquid separator 503, an evaporator 504 and a compressor 505. The condenser 501 is located between the fresh air third-level preheating section 6 and the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section. The condenser 501 is installed on the first air duct 1, and the shell side of the condenser 501 is connected to the inside of the first air duct 1. The evaporator 504 is located between the second double-redirection fan 11 and the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section. The evaporator 504 is installed on the second air duct 2, and the evaporator 50 4 is connected to the interior of the second air duct 2, the tube-side water outlet of the condenser 501 is connected to the tube-side water inlet of the evaporator 504 through the third connecting water pipe, and a throttle valve 502 and a gas-liquid separator 503 are installed in sequence on the third connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium refrigerant in the water pipe. The tube-side water outlet of the evaporator 504 is connected to the tube-side water inlet of the condenser 501 through a fourth connecting water pipe, and a compressor 505 is installed on the fourth connecting water pipe. The solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 supplies power to the first double-redirection fan 10, the second double-redirection fan 11 and the fresh air first-level temperature control section respectively, and the tube side of the solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 and the tube side of the fresh air third-level preheating section 6 form a closed loop.

[0067] Under winter operating conditions, when fresh air enters condenser 501, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure circulating refrigerant, achieving secondary preheating of the fresh air. Simultaneously, the circulating refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, high-pressure liquid and enters throttle valve 502. Throttle valve 502 reduces the pressure by throttling, turning the circulating refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid and entering gas-liquid separator 503. After entering evaporator 504 as a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid, the circulating refrigerant again exchanges heat with the indoor exhaust air, vaporizing and absorbing heat from the indoor exhaust air, achieving primary cooling of the exhaust air. The circulating refrigerant then enters compressor 505, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure state, and returns to condenser 501, completing the cycle. The outdoor fresh air and indoor exhaust air undergo secondary preheating and primary cooling, respectively, in condenser 501 and evaporator 504.

[0068] In summer, after completing primary pre-cooling, fresh air enters evaporator 504, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure circulating refrigerant, causing its temperature to drop, achieving secondary pre-cooling. Simultaneously, the circulating refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, low-pressure gas that enters compressor 505. After being pressurized, it enters condenser 501 for heat exchange, then passes through throttle valve 502 and gas-liquid separator 503 before entering evaporator 504, completing the cycle.

[0069] Compared with winter operating conditions, under summer operating conditions, the system's first control valve 135, second control valve 136, first stop valve 602, second stop valve 603 and circulation pump 605 are all kept closed; the motors of the first double-redirection fan 10 in the first air duct 1 and the second double-redirection fan 11 in the second air duct 2 are reversed, thereby changing the air flow direction in the air duct, that is, the first air duct 1 becomes an exhaust duct in summer, and the second air duct 2 becomes a fresh air duct in summer.

[0070] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 3To explain this embodiment, the fresh air first-level temperature control section of this embodiment includes a thermoelectric refrigerator 12, a phase change cold storage material 401 and a first phase change heat storage material 402. The upper end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 absorbs heat as a cold end, and the lower end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 releases heat as a hot end. The first phase change heat storage material 402 and the phase change heat storage material 401 are both encapsulated in a sealed container with the same structure. The upper end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silicone and bonded to the sealed container filled with the first phase change heat storage material 402. The upper end of the sealed container filled with the first phase change heat storage material 402 is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the second air duct 2. The lower end surface of the thermoelectric refrigerator 12 is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silicone and bonded to the sealed container filled with the phase change cold storage material 401. The lower end of the sealed container filled with the phase change cold storage material 401 is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole on the side wall of the first air duct 1. With this setup, both the first phase-change thermal storage material 402 and the phase-change cold storage material 401 are encapsulated in a sealed container of identical structure. A layer of thermally conductive silicone is evenly applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the thermoelectric cooler 12, bonding it to the sealed container filled with the phase-change material. This effectively ensures excellent thermal conductivity. When air flows through, not only does this increase the contact area between the cold and hot ends and the airflow, enhancing heat exchange, but the phase-change thermal and cold storage materials also address the timing mismatch between supply and demand, improving system flexibility.

[0071] Under winter working conditions, when outdoor fresh air and indoor exhaust air flow through the surfaces of the first phase change thermal storage material 402 and the phase change cold storage material 401 respectively, heat exchange is performed, completing the first-level preheating of the fresh air while also achieving the second-level precooling of the exhaust air.

[0072] In summer conditions, when outdoor fresh air flows through the surface of the phase change cold storage material 401, heat is released and the temperature drops, thereby achieving primary pre-cooling of the outdoor fresh air.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first phase-change thermal storage material 402 is made of crystalline hydrated salt CaCl 4 ·4H 2 O, and the phase-change cold storage material 401 is made of lithium chlorate trihydrate.

[0074] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0075] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 3To illustrate this embodiment, the thermoelectric cooler 12 of this embodiment includes two ceramic plates 121, multiple copper guide plates 122 and multiple groups of semiconductor units, which are evenly arranged on the same horizontal plane. Each group of semiconductor units includes an N-type semiconductor 123 and a P-type semiconductor 124. The upper ends of the N-type semiconductor 123 and the P-type semiconductor 124 in the same group of semiconductor units are fixedly connected through the copper guide plates 122, wherein the lower ends of the P-type semiconductor 124 and the N-type semiconductor 123 in the group of semiconductor units are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the N-type semiconductor 123 and the P-type semiconductor 124 in the other two adjacent groups of semiconductor units through the copper guide plates 122. The upper and lower ends of the multiple groups of semiconductor units are respectively covered with two ceramic plates 121, the upper end surface of the upper ceramic plate 121 is glued to the sealed container filled with phase change cold storage material 401, and the lower end surface of the lower ceramic plate 121 is glued to the sealed container filled with the first phase change heat storage material 402. This arrangement creates a thermoelectric cooler 12, with one N-type semiconductor and one P-type semiconductor forming a group. Multiple groups of N- and P-type semiconductors are arranged, with the upper ends of each group securely connected by copper guides 122, and the lower ends securely connected to other groups by copper guides 122. Finally, both ends are covered with an insulating and thermally conductive ceramic plate 121, forming the thermoelectric cooler 12. When powered on, the upper end of the thermoelectric cooler 12 absorbs heat, becoming the cold end, while the lower end releases heat, becoming the hot end. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiments 1 or 2.

[0076] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The solar photovoltaic thermal section 13 of the embodiment includes a solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131, a photovoltaic charge controller 132, a battery 133, an inverter 134, a first control valve 135 and a second control valve 136. The solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the photovoltaic charge controller 132 via a wire, the photovoltaic charge controller 132 is connected to the battery 133 via a wire, the battery 133 is connected to the inverter 134 via a wire, and the inverter 134 is connected to the first control valve 135 and the second control valve 136. The solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the first dual-direction fan 10, the second dual-direction fan 11, and the thermoelectric cooler 12 via multiple wires. The water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the water outlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 via a first connecting water pipe, and the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected to the water inlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 via a second connecting water pipe. A first control valve 135 and a second control valve 136 are respectively installed at the water inlet and outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131. With this arrangement, the direct current generated by the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is stored in the battery 133 through the photovoltaic charge controller 132. After being converted into alternating current by the inverter 134, it powers the first dual-direction fan 10, the second dual-direction fan 11, and the thermoelectric cooler 12. At night, when there is no sunlight, the power is supplied by the electricity stored in the battery 133 during the day. The solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 is connected in series with the first control valve 135, the first shut-off valve 602, the second shut-off valve 603, the check valve 604, the circulation pump 605, and the second control valve 136 to form a closed loop. The circulation pump 605 provides power for the entire loop. The solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 transfers the heat energy generated to the circulating medium water, maintaining a high temperature. In summer, the first control valve 135, the second control valve 136, the first shut-off valve 602, the second shut-off valve 603, and the circulation pump 605 remain closed. Other components and connections are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1, 2, or 3.

[0077] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2To describe this embodiment, the first fresh air filter module 3 of this embodiment includes a first flow equalizer 301, a first filter cotton layer 302, a first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303, a first disassembly and fixing device 304, and a first inspection port 305. The first disassembly and fixing device 304 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the first air duct 1 near the first electric composite louver air outlet 101. The first air duct 1 is equipped with a first inspection port 305 corresponding to the first disassembly and fixing device 304. The first flow equalizer 301, the first filter cotton layer 302, and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303 are sequentially mounted inside the first disassembly and fixing device 304 from right to left. With this arrangement, the first flow equalizer 301 allows the turbulent outdoor air flow to flow evenly through the first filter cotton layer 302 and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303, removing impurities and odors from the air. In addition, a first inspection port 305 and a first disassembly and fixing device 304 are provided at the air duct of the first fresh air filter module 3, which can realize the disassembly of the first flow equalizing plate 301, the first filter cotton layer 302 and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303, making it convenient to clean or replace each component, and then reinstall and fix it after cleaning.

[0078] The first fresh air filter module 3 is used in winter to filter the fresh air.

[0079] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third or fourth embodiment.

[0080] Specific implementation method six: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To describe this embodiment, the first exhaust purification module 7 of this embodiment includes a second flow equalizing plate 701, a first pre-filtering mechanism 702, a first oil fume purifier 703, a second disassembly and fixing device 704, and a second inspection port 705. The second disassembly and fixing device 704 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the second air duct 2 near the second electric composite louver air outlet 201. The second air duct 2 is provided with a second inspection port 705 corresponding to the second disassembly and fixing device 704. The second flow equalizing plate 701, the first pre-filtering mechanism 702, and the first oil fume purifier 703 are sequentially mounted inside the second disassembly and fixing device 704 from left to right. With this arrangement, the second flow equalizing plate 701 allows the turbulent indoor air flow to flow evenly through the first pre-filtering mechanism 702 and the first oil fume purifier 703, removing impurities and oil fume particles contained in the indoor air. In addition, a second inspection port 705 and a second disassembly and fixing device 704 are provided at the air duct of the first exhaust purification module 7, which can realize the disassembly of the second flow equalizing plate 701, the first pre-filter mechanism 702 and the first fume purifier 703, making it convenient to clean or replace each component, and then reinstall and fix it after cleaning.

[0081] The first exhaust air purification module 7 is used in winter to filter and purify the exhaust air.

[0082] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.

[0083] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 Explain this embodiment. The fresh air three-stage preheating section 6 of this embodiment includes a second phase change heat storage material 601, a first stop valve 602, a second stop valve 603, a check valve 604 and a circulation pump 605. The first air duct 1 is provided with a sealed container adapted to the shape of the air duct. The sealed container is located between the condenser 501 and the second exhaust purification module 9. The second phase change heat storage material 601 is filled into the sealed container and wrapped around the outer surface of the air duct. A spirally wrapped hot water exchange pipe is embedded in the second phase change heat storage material 601. One end of the heat exchange pipe is connected to the water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 via a first connecting water pipe. A second shutoff valve 603, a check valve 604, a circulating pump 605, and a second control valve 136 are sequentially installed on the first connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe. The other end of the heat exchange pipe is connected to the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131 via a second connecting water pipe. A first control valve 135 and a first shutoff valve 602 are sequentially installed on the second connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe. With this arrangement, the circulating medium in the water pipe is water with added antifreeze. The second phase-change thermal storage material 601 is filled into a sealed container that conforms to the shape of the air duct and wrapped around the outer surface of the air duct, facilitating sufficient heat exchange between the fresh air and the second phase-change thermal storage material 601. At the same time, a spirally wound water pipe is embedded in the second phase-change thermal storage material 601 to effectively transfer the heat of the water in the water pipe to the second phase-change thermal storage material 601. During the day, when there is sufficient sunlight, the circulation pump 605 is turned on, the first control valve 135 and the second control valve 136 are opened, and the first stop valve 602 and the second stop valve 603 are opened. The water in the circulation pipeline continuously receives heat from the solar photovoltaic thermal collector 131, causing its temperature to rise. As it passes through the water pipe surrounding the second phase-change thermal storage material 601, the water transfers heat to the second phase-change thermal storage material 601 and stores it. When the outdoor fresh air passes through the air duct surrounded by the second phase-change thermal storage material 601, it exchanges heat with the second phase-change thermal storage material 601, transferring heat to the fresh air, raising its temperature and achieving three-stage preheating of the fresh air. At night, when there is no sunlight, the circulation pump 605 is turned off, the first control valve 135 and the second control valve 136 are closed, and the first stop valve 602 and the second stop valve 603 are closed. The second phase-change thermal storage material 601 has stored a large amount of heat from the daytime heat storage. This stored heat can be used to complete the three-stage preheating process of the fresh air at night. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.

[0084] In this embodiment, Ba(OH)2·8H2O is selected as the second phase-change heat storage material 601 of the fresh air three-stage preheating section 6.

[0085] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To illustrate this embodiment, the second fresh air filter module 8 of this embodiment includes a third flow equalizer 801, a second filter cotton layer 802, a second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803, a third disassembly and fixing device 804, and a third inspection port 805. The third disassembly and fixing device 804 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the second air duct 2 near the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The second air duct 2 is equipped with a third inspection port 805 corresponding to the third disassembly and fixing device 804. The interior of the third disassembly and fixing device 804 is sequentially mounted from right to left with the third flow equalizer 801, the second filter cotton layer 802, and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803. With this arrangement, the third flow equalizer 801 allows the turbulent outdoor air flow to flow evenly through the second filter cotton layer 802 and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803, removing impurities and odors from the air. In addition, a third inspection port 805 and a third disassembly and fixing device 804 are provided at the air duct of the second fresh air filter module 8, which can realize the disassembly of the third flow equalizing plate 801, the second filter cotton layer 802 and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803, making it convenient to clean or replace each component, and then reinstall and fix them after cleaning.

[0086] The second fresh air filter module 8 is used in summer to filter the fresh air.

[0087] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh embodiment.

[0088] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2To illustrate this embodiment, the second exhaust purification module 9 of this embodiment includes a fourth flow equalizing plate 901, a second pre-filtering mechanism 902, a second oil fume purifier 903, a fourth disassembly and fixing device 904, and a fourth inspection port 905. The fourth disassembly and fixing device 904 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the first air duct 1 on the side close to the third electric composite louver air outlet 102. The first air duct 1 is provided with a fourth inspection port 905 corresponding to the fourth disassembly and fixing device 904. The fourth flow equalizing plate 901, the second pre-filtering mechanism 902, and the second oil fume purifier 903 are sequentially mounted inside the fourth disassembly and fixing device 904 from left to right. With such an arrangement, the fourth flow equalizing plate 901 allows the turbulent indoor air flow to flow evenly through the second pre-filtering mechanism 902 and the second oil fume purifier 903, thereby removing impurities and oil fume particles contained in the indoor air. In addition, a fourth inspection port 905 and a fourth disassembly and fixing device 904 are provided at the air duct of the second exhaust purification module 9, which can realize the disassembly of the fourth flow equalizing plate 901, the second pre-filter mechanism 902 and the second fume purifier 903, making it convenient to clean or replace each component, and then reinstall and fix it after cleaning.

[0089] The second exhaust air purification module 9 is used in summer to filter and purify the exhaust air.

[0090] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth embodiment.

[0091] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment describes a fresh air preheating and precooling method based on the energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system described in Specific Embodiment 9. The fresh air preheating and precooling method is implemented by the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: Winter fresh air preheating method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system:

[0093] In winter conditions,

[0094] The fresh air first level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first level preheating section 41 in winter;

[0095] The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is the fresh air secondary preheating section 51 in winter;

[0096] The first air duct 1 is a fresh air duct in winter, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left;

[0097] The second air duct 2 is an exhaust air duct in winter, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right;

[0098] The first electric composite louver air vent 101 is a fresh air inlet in winter;

[0099] The second electric composite louver air vent 201 is an exhaust inlet in winter;

[0100] The first double-direction fan 10 is a fresh air fan in winter, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the first air duct 1 and is delivered to the room;

[0101] The second double-reversing fan 11 is an exhaust fan in winter, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the second air duct 2 and be discharged to the outside;

[0102] The third electric composite louver air outlet 102 is used as a fresh air outlet in winter;

[0103] The fourth electric composite louver air vent 202 is an exhaust outlet in winter;

[0104] Outdoor fresh air enters the first air duct 1 through the first electric composite louver air outlet 101. Under the action of the first flow equalizer 301, the turbulent outdoor air flow is evenly passed through the first filter cotton layer 302 and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer 303. Then, under the action of the first double-reversing fan 10, the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left in the first air duct 1 and is delivered to the room.

[0105] The indoor exhaust air enters the second air duct 2 through the second electric composite louver air outlet 201. The second flow equalizer 701 makes the turbulent indoor air flow evenly flow through the first pre-filter mechanism 702 and the first oil fume purifier 703. Then, the second double-reversing fan 11 makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the second air duct 2 and be discharged outdoors.

[0106] When the outdoor fresh air and indoor exhaust air flow through the surface of the first phase change thermal storage material 402 and the phase change cold storage material 401 respectively, heat exchange is performed, completing the first-level preheating of the fresh air while also achieving the second-level precooling of the exhaust air;

[0107] When the fresh air enters the condenser 501, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating medium refrigerant to achieve secondary preheating of the fresh air; at the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid and enters the throttle valve 502. The throttle valve 502 reduces the pressure by throttling, so that the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters the gas-liquid separator 503; after the circulating medium refrigerant enters the evaporator 504 as a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid, it exchanges heat with the indoor exhaust again, and the circulating medium refrigerant vaporizes and absorbs the heat of the indoor exhaust air to achieve primary cooling of the exhaust air; then the circulating medium refrigerant enters the compressor 505 and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and returns to the condenser 501 to form a cycle, and the outdoor fresh air and the indoor exhaust air are respectively preheated in the condenser 501 and cooled in the evaporator 504;

[0108] When the outdoor fresh air passes through the air duct wrapped by the second phase change thermal storage material 601, heat exchange occurs with the second phase change thermal storage material 601, and the heat is transferred to the fresh air, and the temperature rises to achieve three-level preheating of the fresh air;

[0109] The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the third electric composite louver air outlet 102; the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202;

[0110] At this point, the winter fresh air preheating is completed;

[0111] Under winter working conditions, the fresh air primary preheating section 41 is also the exhaust secondary cooling section, and the fresh air secondary preheating section 51 is also the exhaust primary cooling section. The surface of the fresh air duct can be affixed with thermal insulation material to maintain a high temperature of the preheated fresh air in the duct to avoid heat loss. The first electric composite louver air outlet 101 plays a certain role in filtering the fresh air, and the amount of airflow can be adjusted by changing the opening. The second electric composite louver air outlet 201 plays a primary filtering effect on the exhaust, and the amount of airflow can be adjusted by changing the opening. In summer, the motor runs in reverse and will be converted into an exhaust fan. In summer, the motor runs in reverse and will be converted into a fresh air fan.

[0112] Step 2: Summer fresh air precooling method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system:

[0113] Compared with winter operating conditions, in summer operating conditions, the first control valve 135, the second control valve 136, the first stop valve 602, the second stop valve 603, and the circulation pump 605 of the system are all kept closed; the motors of the first double-direction fan 10 in the first air duct 1 and the second double-direction fan 11 in the second air duct 2 are reversed, thereby changing the air flow direction in the air duct;

[0114] In summer conditions,

[0115] The fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section 42;

[0116] The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section 52;

[0117] The first air duct 1 is an exhaust air duct in summer, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right;

[0118] The second air duct 2 is a fresh air duct in summer, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left;

[0119] The fourth electric composite louver air vent 202 is used as a fresh air inlet in summer;

[0120] The third electric composite louver air vent 102 is an exhaust air inlet in summer;

[0121] The second double-reversing fan 11 is a fresh air fan in summer, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the second air duct 2 and is delivered to the room;

[0122] The first double-direction fan 10 is an exhaust fan in summer, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the first air duct 1 and be discharged to the outside;

[0123] The second electric composite louver air outlet 201 is used as a fresh air outlet in summer;

[0124] The first electric composite louver air vent 101 is an exhaust outlet in summer;

[0125] The outdoor fresh air enters the second air duct 2 through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202. The third flow equalizer 801 makes the turbulent outdoor air flow evenly flow through the second filter cotton layer 802 and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer 803. Then, the second double-direction fan 11 makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the second air duct 2 and is delivered to the room.

[0126] The indoor exhaust air enters the first air duct 1 through the third electric composite louver air outlet 102. The fourth flow equalizer 901 makes the turbulent indoor air flow evenly flow through the second pre-filter mechanism 902 and the second oil fume purifier 903. Then, the first double-reversing fan 10 makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the first air duct 1 and be discharged outdoors.

[0127] When the outdoor fresh air flows through the surface of the phase change cold storage material 401, the heat is released and the temperature drops, thereby achieving the first-level pre-cooling of the outdoor fresh air;

[0128] After the primary pre-cooling, the fresh air enters the evaporator 504 and exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure circulating medium refrigerant. The temperature drops, and the secondary pre-cooling of the fresh air is achieved. At the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, low-pressure gas and enters the compressor 505. After the pressure is increased, it enters the condenser 501 for heat exchange and then passes through the throttle valve 502 and the gas-liquid separator 503 in sequence before entering the evaporator 504, forming a cycle.

[0129] The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the second electric composite louver air outlet 201; the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the first electric composite louver air outlet 101;

[0130] At this point, the summer fresh air pre-cooling is completed.

[0131] In summer, the surface of the fresh air duct can be covered with insulation material to maintain a high temperature for the preheated fresh air in the duct and prevent heat loss. The fourth electric composite louver air outlet 202 provides a certain degree of fresh air filtering and can adjust the airflow rate by changing the opening. The third electric composite louver air outlet 102 provides a primary exhaust air filtering effect and can adjust the airflow rate by changing the opening. In winter, the motor runs in reverse, turning it into an exhaust fan. In winter, the motor runs in reverse, turning it into a fresh air fan.

[0132] The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth or ninth embodiment.

[0133] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system, characterized by: It comprises a first air duct (1), a second air duct (2), a first electric composite louver air outlet (101), a second electric composite louver air outlet (201), a solar photovoltaic thermal section (13), a first fresh air filter module (3), a first exhaust air purification module (7), a first double-direction fan (10), a second double-direction fan (11), a fresh air first-stage temperature adjustment section, a fresh air second-stage temperature adjustment section, a fresh air third-stage preheating section (6), a second fresh air filter module (8), a second exhaust air purification module (9), a third electric composite louver air outlet (102) and a fourth electric composite louver air outlet (202). The left and right ends of the first air duct (1) are respectively provided with the third electric composite louver air outlet (102) and the first electric composite louver air outlet ( 101), the first air duct (1) is provided with a second exhaust purification module (9), a fresh air three-stage preheating section (6), a first double-direction fan (10) and a first fresh air filter module (3) from left to right, the second air duct (2) is provided with a second electric composite louver air outlet (201) and a fourth electric composite louver air outlet (202) at both ends, the second air duct (2) is provided with a first exhaust purification module (7), a second double-direction fan (11) and a second fresh air filter module (8) from left to right, the fresh air first-stage temperature adjustment section is arranged between the first air duct (1) and the second air duct (2), the side walls of the first air duct (1) and the second air duct (2) are respectively provided with rectangular through holes matching the fresh air first-stage temperature adjustment section, the upper end of the fresh air first-stage temperature adjustment section The fresh air level 1 temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in a rectangular through hole on the side wall of the second air duct (2). The lower end of the fresh air level 1 temperature adjustment section is sealed and installed in a rectangular through hole on the side wall of the first air duct (1). The fresh air level 2 temperature adjustment section includes a condenser (501), a throttle valve (502), a gas-liquid separator (503), an evaporator (504) and a compressor (505). The condenser (501) is located between the fresh air level 3 preheating section (6) and the fresh air level 1 temperature adjustment section. The condenser (501) is installed on the first air duct (1), and the shell side of the condenser (501) is connected to the inside of the first air duct (1). The evaporator (504) is located between the second double-redirection fan (11) and the fresh air level 1 temperature adjustment section. The evaporator (504) is installed on the second air duct (2), and the evaporator (504) is connected to the inside of the first air duct (1). The shell side is connected to the inside of the second air duct (2), the pipe side water outlet of the condenser (501) is connected to the pipe side water inlet of the evaporator (504) through the third connecting water pipe, and a throttle valve (502) and a gas-liquid separator (503) are installed on the third connecting water pipe in sequence along the flow direction of the circulating medium refrigerant in the water pipe. The pipe side water outlet of the evaporator (504) is connected to the pipe side water inlet of the condenser (501) through the fourth connecting water pipe, and a compressor (505) is installed on the fourth connecting water pipe. The solar photovoltaic thermal section (13) supplies power to the first double-redirection fan (10), the second double-redirection fan (11) and the fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section respectively. The pipe side of the solar photovoltaic thermal section (13) and the pipe side of the fresh air third-level preheating section (6) form a closed loop.The fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section includes a thermoelectric cooler (12), a phase change cold storage material (401) and a first phase change heat storage material (402). The upper end surface of the thermoelectric cooler (12) absorbs heat as a cold end, and the lower end surface of the thermoelectric cooler (12) releases heat as a hot end. The first phase change heat storage material (402) and the phase change cold storage material (401) are both encapsulated in a sealed container with the same structure. The upper end surface of the thermoelectric cooler (12) is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silicone and filled with the first phase change heat storage material. The sealed container filled with the first phase change thermal storage material (402) is bonded together, and the upper end of the sealed container filled with the first phase change thermal storage material (402) is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole of the side wall of the second air duct (2). The lower end surface of the thermoelectric cooler (12) is evenly coated with a layer of thermal conductive silica gel and bonded to the sealed container filled with the phase change thermal storage material (401). The lower end of the sealed container filled with the phase change thermal storage material (401) is sealed and installed in the rectangular through hole of the side wall of the first air duct (1).

2. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermoelectric cooler (12) includes two ceramic plates (121), a plurality of copper guide plates (122) and a plurality of groups of semiconductor units. The plurality of groups of semiconductor units are evenly arranged on the same horizontal plane. Each group of semiconductor units includes an N-type semiconductor (123) and a P-type semiconductor (124). The upper ends of the N-type semiconductor (123) and the P-type semiconductor (124) in the same group of semiconductor units are fixedly connected through the copper guide plates (122). The P-type semiconductor (124) and the N-type semiconductor in the group of semiconductor units are fixedly connected. The lower end of (123) is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the N-type semiconductor (123) and the P-type semiconductor (124) in the other two adjacent groups of semiconductor units through the copper guide plate (122), and the upper and lower ends of the multiple groups of semiconductor units are respectively covered with two ceramic plates (121), the upper end surface of the upper ceramic plate (121) is glued to the closed container filled with the phase change cold storage material (401), and the lower end surface of the lower ceramic plate (121) is glued to the closed container filled with the first phase change heat storage material (402).

3. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic thermal section (13) includes a solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131), a photovoltaic charge controller (132), a battery (133), an inverter (134), a first control valve (135) and a second control valve (136). The solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131) is connected to the photovoltaic charge controller (132) via a wire, the photovoltaic charge controller (132) is connected to the battery (133) via a wire, the battery (133) is connected to the inverter (134) via a wire, and the inverter (134) is connected to the inverter (134) via a wire. A plurality of conductors are respectively connected to the first double-direction fan (10), the second double-direction fan (11) and the thermoelectric cooler (12); the water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131) is connected to the water outlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section (6) through a first connecting water pipe; the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131) is connected to the water inlet of the fresh air three-stage preheating section (6) through a second connecting water pipe; and a first control valve (135) and a second control valve (136) are respectively provided at the water inlet and outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131).

4. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first fresh air filter module (3) comprises a first flow equalizing plate (301), a first filter cotton layer (302), a first activated carbon adsorption filter layer (303), a first disassembly and fixing device (304) and a first inspection port (305). The first disassembly and fixing device (304) is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the first air duct (1) on a side close to the first electric composite louver air outlet (101). The first air duct (1) is provided with a first inspection port (305) corresponding to the first disassembly and fixing device (304). The first flow equalizing plate (301), the first filter cotton layer (302) and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer (303) are sequentially mounted inside the first disassembly and fixing device (304) from right to left.

5. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first exhaust purification module (7) comprises a second flow balancing plate (701), a first pre-filtering mechanism (702), a first oil fume purifier (703), a second disassembly and fixing device (704) and a second inspection port (705). The second disassembly and fixing device (704) is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the second air duct (2) on a side close to the second electric composite louver air outlet (201). The second air duct (2) is provided with a second inspection port (705) corresponding to the second disassembly and fixing device (704). The second flow balancing plate (701), the first pre-filtering mechanism (702) and the first oil fume purifier (703) are sequentially mounted inside the second disassembly and fixing device (704) from left to right.

6. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The fresh air three-stage preheating section (6) includes a second phase-change heat storage material (601), a first stop valve (602), a second stop valve (603), a check valve (604) and a circulation pump (605). A sealed container adapted to the shape of the air duct is provided on the first air duct (1). The sealed container is located between the condenser (501) and the second exhaust purification module (9). The second phase-change heat storage material (601) is filled into the sealed container and wrapped around the outer surface of the air duct. A spirally wound heat exchange water pipe is embedded in the second phase-change heat storage material (601). The heat exchange One end of the water pipe is connected to the water inlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131) through a first connecting water pipe, and a second stop valve (603), a check valve (604), a circulation pump (605) and a second control valve (136) are installed in sequence on the first connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe. The other end of the heat exchange water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the solar photovoltaic thermal collector (131) through the second connecting water pipe, and a first control valve (135) and a first stop valve (602) are installed in sequence on the second connecting water pipe along the flow direction of the circulating medium water in the water pipe.

7. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second fresh air filter module (8) comprises a third flow equalizing plate (801), a second filter cotton layer (802), a second activated carbon adsorption filter layer (803), a third disassembly and fixing device (804) and a third inspection port (805). The third disassembly and fixing device (804) is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the second air duct (2) on a side close to the fourth electric composite louver air outlet (202). The second air duct (2) is provided with a third inspection port (805) corresponding to the third disassembly and fixing device (804). The third flow equalizing plate (801), the second filter cotton layer (802) and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer (803) are sequentially mounted inside the third disassembly and fixing device (804) from right to left.

8. The energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second exhaust purification module (9) includes a fourth flow equalizing plate (901), a second pre-filtering mechanism (902), a second oil fume purifier (903), a fourth disassembly and fixing device (904) and a fourth inspection port (905). The fourth disassembly and fixing device (904) is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the first air duct (1) on a side close to the third electric composite louver air outlet (102). The first air duct (1) is provided with a fourth inspection port (905) corresponding to the fourth disassembly and fixing device (904). The fourth flow equalizing plate (901), the second pre-filtering mechanism (902) and the second oil fume purifier (903) are sequentially mounted inside the fourth disassembly and fixing device (904) from left to right.

9. A fresh air preheating and precooling method based on the energy storage type multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fresh air preheating and precooling method is achieved by the following steps: Step 1: Winter fresh air preheating method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system: In winter conditions, The fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first-level preheating section (41) in winter; The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is the fresh air secondary preheating section (51) in winter; The first air duct (1) is a fresh air duct in winter, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left; The second air duct (2) is an exhaust air duct in winter, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right; The first electric composite louver air vent (101) serves as a fresh air inlet in winter; The second electric composite louver air vent (201) serves as an exhaust inlet in winter; The first double-direction fan (10) is a fresh air fan in winter, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the first air duct (1) and is delivered to the room; The second double-reversing fan (11) is an exhaust fan in winter, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the second air duct (2) and be discharged outdoors; The third electric composite louver air outlet (102) is a fresh air outlet in winter; The fourth electric composite louver air vent (202) is an exhaust outlet in winter; Outdoor fresh air enters the first air duct (1) through the first electric composite louver air outlet (101), and under the action of the first flow equalizer (301), the turbulent outdoor air flow is made to flow evenly through the first filter cotton layer (302) and the first activated carbon adsorption filter layer (303), and then under the action of the first double-redirection fan (10), the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left in the first air duct (1) and is delivered to the room; The indoor exhaust air enters the second air duct (2) through the second electric composite louver air outlet (201), and the turbulent indoor air flow is uniformly flowed through the first pre-filter mechanism (702) and the first oil fume purifier (703) under the action of the second flow equalizer (701). Thereafter, the indoor exhaust air is flowed from left to right in the second air duct (2) under the action of the second double-redirection fan (11) and discharged to the outside. When the outdoor fresh air and the indoor exhaust air flow through the surfaces of the first phase-change heat storage material (402) and the phase-change cold storage material (401), heat exchange is performed, completing the first-level preheating of the fresh air while also achieving the second-level precooling of the exhaust air. When the fresh air enters the condenser (501), it exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating medium refrigerant, achieving secondary preheating of the fresh air; at the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid and enters the throttle valve (502). The throttle valve (502) reduces the pressure by throttling, so that the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters the gas-liquid separator (503); after the circulating medium refrigerant enters the evaporator (504) as a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid, it exchanges heat with the indoor exhaust again, and the circulating medium refrigerant vaporizes and absorbs the heat of the indoor exhaust air, achieving primary cooling of the exhaust air; then the circulating medium refrigerant enters the compressor (505) and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and returns to the condenser (501) again to form a cycle, and the outdoor fresh air and the indoor exhaust air respectively achieve secondary preheating and primary cooling in the condenser (501) and the evaporator (504); When the outdoor fresh air passes through the air duct wrapped by the second phase-change heat storage material (601), heat exchange occurs with the second phase-change heat storage material (601), and the heat is transferred to the fresh air, and the temperature rises to achieve three-stage preheating of the fresh air; The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the third electric composite louver air outlet (102); the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet (202); At this point, the winter fresh air preheating is completed; Step 2: Summer fresh air precooling method of energy storage multi-stage fresh air preheating and precooling system: Compared with the winter operating condition, in the summer operating condition, the first control valve (135), the second control valve (136), the first stop valve (602), the second stop valve (603) and the circulation pump (605) of the system are all kept in a closed state; the motors of the first double-direction fan (10) in the first air duct (1) and the second double-direction fan (11) in the second air duct (2) are reversed, thereby changing the direction of air flow in the air duct; In summer conditions, The fresh air first-level temperature adjustment section is the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section (42); The fresh air secondary temperature adjustment section is a fresh air secondary pre-cooling section (52); The first air duct (1) is an exhaust air duct in summer, and the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right; The second air duct (2) is a fresh air duct in summer, and the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left; The fourth electric composite louver air vent (202) serves as a fresh air inlet in summer; The third electric composite louver air vent (102) serves as an exhaust air inlet in summer; The second double-reversing fan (11) is a fresh air fan in summer, which makes the outdoor fresh air flow from right to left in the second air duct (2) and is delivered to the room; The first double-direction fan (10) is an exhaust fan in summer, which makes the indoor exhaust air flow from left to right in the first air duct (1) and be discharged outdoors; The second electric composite louver air outlet (201) is a fresh air outlet in summer; The first electric composite louver air vent (101) is an exhaust outlet in summer; The outdoor fresh air enters the second air duct (2) through the fourth electric composite louver air outlet (202), and the turbulent outdoor air flow is uniformly flowed through the second filter cotton layer (802) and the second activated carbon adsorption filter layer (803) under the action of the third flow equalizer (801); then, under the action of the second double-redirection fan (11), the outdoor fresh air flows from right to left in the second air duct (2) and is delivered to the room; The indoor exhaust air enters the first air duct (1) through the third electric composite louver air outlet (102), and the turbulent indoor air flow is uniformly flowed through the second pre-filter mechanism (902) and the second oil fume purifier (903) under the action of the fourth flow equalizer (901); then, under the action of the first double-redirection fan (10), the indoor exhaust air flows from left to right in the first air duct (1) and is discharged to the outside; When outdoor fresh air flows through the surface of the phase change cold storage material (401), heat is released and the temperature drops, thereby achieving first-level pre-cooling of the outdoor fresh air; After the fresh air has completed the primary pre-cooling, it enters the evaporator (504) and exchanges heat with the low-temperature, low-pressure circulating medium refrigerant, causing the temperature to drop to achieve secondary pre-cooling of the fresh air. At the same time, the circulating medium refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, low-pressure gas and enters the compressor (505). After the pressure is increased, it enters the condenser (501) for heat exchange and then passes through the throttle valve (502) and the gas-liquid separator (503) in sequence before entering the evaporator (504), forming a cycle. The outdoor fresh air is finally discharged through the second electric composite louver air outlet (201); the indoor exhaust air is finally discharged through the first electric composite louver air outlet (101); At this point, the summer fresh air pre-cooling is completed.

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