Exquisite construction of exterior assembly wall panels and production method

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled wallboard with a fine and smooth exterior and a production method, belonging to the technical field of preparation of assembled building materials. The wallboard comprises a wallboard body and a decorative surface bonded to the exterior of the wallboard body. The wallboard body comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of cement, 20-33 parts of active admixture, 5-9 parts of glass microspheres, 0.2-0.8 parts of water reducer, 0.02-0.1 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.02-0.1 parts of gypsum fiber, 5-15 parts of foaming agent, 30-40 parts of water and 6-12 parts of functional filler. The wallboard of the invention is endowed with good mechanical properties and waterproof properties by adding functional fillers while maintaining the good porosity of the original foamed cement wallboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the preparation of prefabricated building materials, and particularly relates to an assembled wall panel with a delicate and flat outer surface and a production method. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated building is a new construction method in the construction industry. Compared with the traditional construction mode, prefabricated building pays more attention to industrialized production and construction, so as to achieve standardization, integration, modularization and prefabrication, greatly improving the production efficiency and quality of buildings. At the same time, various types of building materials can be used in prefabricated buildings, such as panels, frames, concrete, steel bars, etc., so as to adapt to the construction of different needs and scenarios. Prefabricated buildings have been widely used all over the world, such as residential, commercial, cultural and educational buildings.

[0003] Lightweight wall panel is the abbreviation of lightweight partition board for buildings, which refers to a precast board made of lightweight materials or lightweight structures, with tenons / double tenon grooves and joint grooves on both sides, and is used for non-load-bearing internal partitions of industrial and civil buildings. As a new type of building internal enclosure wall material, lightweight cement foamed wall panel has the characteristics of green environmental protection, increasing the usable area, reducing the self-weight of the wall body, improving the use function, reducing the comprehensive construction cost of the building, and improving the construction efficiency of the building.

[0004] Using cement foaming material as the assembled wall panel can effectively reduce the self-weight, and at the same time has good heat preservation and sound insulation functions. However, the porous structure formed by foaming reduces the mechanical strength of the wall panel, its crack resistance strength is not high, and the porous structure also reduces the water resistance and impermeability of the wall panel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an assembled wall panel with a delicate and flat outer surface and a production method.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An assembled wall panel with a delicate and flat outer surface, which is composed of a wall panel body and a decorative surface bonded to the outer surface of the wall panel body. By weight, the wall panel body comprises the following components: 100 parts of cement, 20 - 33 parts of active admixture, 5 - 9 parts of vitrified microbeads, 0.2 - 0.8 parts of water reducing agent, 0.02 - 0.1 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.02 - 0.1 parts of gypsum fiber, 5 - 15 parts of foaming agent, 30 - 40 parts of water, and 6 - 12 parts of functional filler.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the active admixture is one or more of ultrafine fly ash, silica fume, ultrafine limestone powder, volcanic ash, and blast furnace slag powder.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer or a lignin sulfonate series water reducer, and the water reduction rate is 10%-35%.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the foaming agent is hydrogen peroxide.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the functional filler includes a first filler, and the preparation method of the first filler includes the following steps:

[0012] Acrylamide monomer and stearyl methacrylate monomer are weighed and mixed and dissolved in an ethanol solvent to obtain a mixed solution, an initiator is added under a protective atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 60-70°C, the mixture is stirred and refluxed to react overnight, and the solvent is evaporated after the reaction is completed to obtain a prepolymer; sodium dodecyl sulfate is weighed and dissolved in deionized water, sodium chloride is added, and then stearyl methacrylate monomer and the prepolymer are added, ultrasonic treatment is performed to dissolve the mixture, an initiator and tetramethylethylenediamine are added, the mixture is fully mixed, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature to react overnight. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure, and the first filler is obtained after freeze-drying.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the acrylamide monomer to the stearyl methacrylate monomer is (2.4-3.2):1; the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl sulfate to the sodium chloride, the stearyl methacrylate monomer, the prepolymer, and the tetramethylethylenediamine is (0.8-1.2):(1.4-1.6):(4-4.8):10:(0.01-0.015).

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, or sodium bisulfite.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the functional filler further comprises a second filler, and the preparation method of the second filler comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer are weighed and added to an ethanol aqueous solution, stirred for 0.5-1h until completely dissolved, flax phenol is added, and stirring and mixing is continued for 0.5-1h. Under stirring conditions, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene is added, and stirring and mixing is continued for 0.5-1h. After adjusting the pH of the solution to alkaline, the mixed system is stirred at 800-1000 rpm at room temperature for 12-24h. After the reaction is completed, the precipitate is separated by centrifugation, and the precipitate is washed with deionized water and ethanol in turn, dried, and then subjected to pyrolysis treatment under a protective atmosphere. The pyrolysis treatment is first heated to 350-400°C and then kept warm for 0.5-1h, and then heated to 700-800°C at 1-2°C / min, and kept warm for 1-2h to obtain a precursor product;

[0017] (2) Weigh polyvinyl alcohol and dissolve it in deionized water. Heat the solution to 80 - 100 °C and stir it at a speed of 500 - 1000 rpm for 0.5 - 1 h to obtain a clear solution. After cooling to 50 - 60 °C, keep it warm for standby. Add the precursor product to the clear solution, add an aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde, disperse and homogenize it by ultrasonic treatment, keep it warm and stir at 50 - 60 °C for 0.5 - 1 h, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, dry it, and then perform heat treatment at 120 - 140 °C for 0.5 - 1 h. Wash it by centrifugation with deionized water and dry it to obtain the second filler.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the PEO - PPO - PEO triblock copolymer, the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer, the flax lignan, the 1,3,5 - trimethylbenzene, and the ethylenediamine is (3 - 3.2) : 1 : (24 - 32) : (8 - 12) : (1.4 - 1.8).

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a production method of the assembled wall panel for delicate construction and leveling the outer surface, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Prepare the functional filler for standby.

[0021] S2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio for standby.

[0022] S3. Add all raw materials except the foaming agent to a mixer and stir - mix them, then add the foaming agent to obtain a slurry mixture. Pour the obtained slurry mixture into a mold for curing and forming, and then carry out curing treatment. After the curing is completed, the wall panel body is obtained.

[0023] S4. Paste the decorative surface on the outer surface of the wall panel body, and obtain the assembled wall panel after secondary curing.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] Aiming at the problem of the low water resistance and impermeability of assembled wall panels in the prior art, the present invention provides a production preparation method for exquisitely building assembled wall panels with a flat outer surface. On the basis of maintaining the good porosity of the original foamed cement wall panels, the wall panels of the present invention are given good mechanical properties and waterproof properties by adding functional fillers. Specifically, on the basis of the existing foamed cement, micelles formed by sodium dodecyl sulfate in an aqueous solution are used as templates, and acrylamide and methacrylate with a hydrophobic alkyl long chain are used as monomers to prepare porous microsphere fillers with an outer hydrophilic and inner hydrophobic structure. Adding them to the cement slurry, based on the good compatibility between their hydrophilic surfaces and the cement matrix, they can be used as crosslinking sites to improve the mechanical properties of the cured concrete, including compressive strength, crack resistance, etc. At the same time, the internal hydrophobic structure improves the hydrophobicity inside the pores, thereby improving the water resistance of the wall panels; further, the present invention also uses self-assembled lignan with a block copolymer as a template as a carbon source, and sequentially prepares the second filler through pyrolysis treatment and surface polyvinyl alcohol treatment with glutaraldehyde crosslinking. Adding it as a filler to the wall panel body can further improve the crack resistance of the foamed cement wall panels. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the following embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] An assembled wall panel for exquisitely building a flat outer surface is composed of a wall panel body and a decorative surface bonded to the outer surface of the wall panel body. By weight, the wall panel body is composed of the following components: 100 parts of cement, 28 parts of active admixture, 7 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.45 part of water reducer, 0.07 part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.05 part of gypsum fiber, 8 parts of hydrogen peroxide (27.5%), 38 parts of water, and 7 parts of the first filler;

[0029] The cement is Portland cement P.O42.5;

[0030] The active admixture is a mixture of ultra-fine fly ash and blast furnace slag powder (m / m = 2:1), and the fly ash is Class I fly ash specified in "Fly Ash Used in Cement and Concrete" (GB / T1596-2005);

[0031] The water reducer is a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water reduction rate of 30%;

[0032] The preparation method of the first filler includes the following steps:

[0033] Weigh acrylamide monomer and stearyl methacrylate monomer and mix and dissolve them in an ethanol solvent to obtain a mixed solution. Add ammonium persulfate under a protective atmosphere, heat up to 60 - 70 °C and keep stirring and refluxing overnight. After the reaction is completed, evaporate the solvent to obtain a prepolymer; Weigh sodium dodecyl sulfate and dissolve it in deionized water, add sodium chloride, then add stearyl methacrylate monomer and the prepolymer, and perform ultrasonic treatment to dissolve them. Add ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine, fully mix and then let it stand and react overnight at room temperature. After the reaction is completed, carry out reduced pressure concentration and freeze-dry to obtain the first filler;

[0034] Among them, the mass ratio of the acrylamide monomer to the stearyl methacrylate monomer is 2.8:1; the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl sulfate to the sodium chloride, the stearyl methacrylate monomer, the prepolymer, and the tetramethylethylenediamine is 0.9:1.5:4.3:10:0.012;

[0035] The production method of the prefabricated wall panel with a delicate and flat outer surface specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Prepare the first filler for later use;

[0037] S2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio for later use;

[0038] S3. Add all raw materials except hydrogen peroxide to a blender and stir and mix them, then add the hydrogen peroxide to obtain a slurry mixture. Pour the obtained slurry mixture into a mold for curing and forming, and then carry out curing treatment. After the curing is completed, obtain the wall panel body;

[0039] S4. Paste the decorative surface on the outside of the wall panel body, and obtain the prefabricated wall panel after secondary curing.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A prefabricated wall panel with a delicate and flat outer surface is composed of a wall panel body and a decorative surface bonded to the outside of the wall panel body. By weight, the wall panel body is composed of the following components: 100 parts of cement, 28 parts of active admixture, 7 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.45 part of water reducer, 0.07 part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.05 part of gypsum fiber, 8 parts of hydrogen peroxide (27.5%), 38 parts of water, 7 parts of the first filler, and 4 parts of the second filler;

[0042] The cement is Portland cement P.O42.5;

[0043] The active admixture is a mixture of ultrafine fly ash and blast furnace slag powder (m / m = 2:1), and the fly ash is Class I fly ash specified in "Fly Ash Used in Cement and Concrete" (GB / T 1596-2005);

[0044] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water reduction rate of 30%;

[0045] The preparation method of the first filler is the same as that in Example 1;

[0046] The preparation method of the second filler includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Weigh P123 and poloxamer and add them to an ethanol aqueous solution. Stir for 0.5 h until completely dissolved. Add secoisolariciresinol and continue to stir and mix for 0.5 h. Under stirring conditions, add 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene as a pore-forming agent and continue to stir and mix for 0.5 h. After adjusting the pH of the solution to alkaline with ammonia water, stir the mixed system at 800 - 1000 rmp at room temperature for 16 h. After the reaction is completed, centrifuge to separate the precipitate. Wash the precipitate successively with deionized water and ethanol, dry it, and then perform pyrolysis treatment under a protective atmosphere. The pyrolysis treatment is to first heat up to 380 °C and keep it warm for 0.5 h, then heat up to 800 °C at a rate of 1 - 2 °C / min, and continue to keep it warm for 1.5 h to obtain a precursor product;

[0048] (2) Weigh polyvinyl alcohol and dissolve it in deionized water. Heat up to 100 °C and stir and react at a speed of 800 - 1000 rpm for 0.5 h to obtain a clear solution. Cool down to 50 - 60 °C and keep it warm for later use; Add the precursor product to the clear solution, add a glutaraldehyde aqueous solution (5%), disperse and homogenize it by ultrasonic wave, keep it warm and stir and react at 50 - 60 °C for 1 h, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, dry it, then perform heat treatment at 130 °C for 1 h, wash it by centrifugation with deionized water, and dry it to obtain the second filler.

[0049] Among them, the mass ratio of P123, poloxamer, secoisolariciresinol, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene in step (1) is 3.1:1:26.5:9.6; the dissolution concentration of polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 5 wt%.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] An assembled wall panel for delicate construction with a flat exterior is composed of a wall panel body and a decorative surface bonded to the outside of the wall panel body. By weight, the wall panel body is composed of the following components: 100 parts of cement, 28 parts of active admixture, 7 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.45 parts of water-reducing agent, 0.07 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.05 parts of gypsum fiber, 8 parts of hydrogen peroxide (27.5%), and 38 parts of water;

[0052] The cement is Portland cement P.O42.5;

[0053] The active admixture is a mixture of ultrafine fly ash and blast furnace slag powder (m / m = 2:1), and the fly ash is Class I fly ash specified in Fly Ash Used in Cement and Concrete (GB / T 1596-2005).

[0054] The water reducer is a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0055] Experimental Examples

[0056] To further illustrate the technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the applicant conducted mechanical property and waterproof property tests on the wall panels described in Examples 1-3.

[0057] Apparent density measurement method: Cut six specimens with a size of 10×10×10 cm 3 from the same blank, dry them in a drying oven at 60°C until constant weight, take them out to measure the mass and volume of each specimen, calculate its apparent density, and take the average value;

[0058] Mechanical strength measurement method: Cut specimens with sizes of 10×10×10 cm 3 and 10×10×36 cm 3 from the same blank to measure the compressive strength and uniaxial tensile strength. Since the tensile strength of foamed concrete is generally in the range of 0.1 - 1.0 MPa, the loading speed is set at 0.05 kN / s; record the maximum load during the loading process of the specimen as the failure load, and calculate the compressive strength and tensile strength values; the test results are the average values of 6 parallel tests.

[0059] Waterproofness test method: Refer to JC / T984-2005;

[0060] Air permeability test method: Refer to GB / T17146-1997.

[0061] The test results are as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled wall panel for delicately constructing a flat exterior, which is composed of a wall panel body and a decorative surface bonded to the outside of the wall panel body, and is characterized in that, By weight parts, the wall panel body comprises the following components: 100 parts of cement, 20 - 33 parts of active admixture, 5 - 9 parts of vitrified microspheres, 0.2 - 0.8 parts of water reducing agent, 0.02 - 0.1 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.02 - 0.1 parts of gypsum fiber, 5 - 15 parts of foaming agent, 30 - 40 parts of water, and 6 - 12 parts of functional filler; The functional filler includes a first filler, and the preparation method of the first filler comprises the following steps: Weigh acrylamide monomer and stearyl methacrylate monomer and mix and dissolve them in an ethanol solvent to obtain a mixed solution. Add an initiator under a protective atmosphere, heat up to 60 - 70 °C and keep stirring and refluxing overnight. After the reaction is completed, evaporate the solvent to obtain a prepolymer; the mass ratio of the acrylamide monomer to the stearyl methacrylate monomer is (2.4 - 3.2):1; Weigh sodium dodecyl sulfate and dissolve it in deionized water, add sodium chloride, then add stearyl methacrylate monomer and the prepolymer, and perform ultrasonic treatment to make them dissolve in a mixture. Add an initiator and tetramethylethylenediamine, fully mix and then let it stand and react overnight at room temperature. After the reaction is completed, perform reduced pressure concentration, and obtain the first filler after freeze-drying; the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl sulfate to the sodium chloride, the stearyl methacrylate monomer, the prepolymer, and the tetramethylethylenediamine is (0.8 - 1.2):(1.4 - 1.6):(4 - 4.8):10:(0.01 - 0.015).

2. The prefabricated wall panel for delicately constructing a flat exterior according to claim 1, wherein The active admixture is one or more of ultra-fine fly ash, silica fume, ultra-fine limestone powder, volcanic ash, and blast furnace slag powder.

3. An assembled wall panel for delicately constructing a flat exterior according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate superplasticizer or a lignosulfonate series water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 10% - 35%.

4. The prefabricated wallboard for exquisitely building a flat exterior according to claim 1, wherein, The foaming agent is hydrogen peroxide.

5. An assembled wall panel for delicately constructing a flat exterior, as claimed in claim 1, wherein The initiator is ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, or sodium bisulfite.

6. The prefabricated wall panel for delicately constructing a flat outer surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional filler further includes a second filler, and the preparation method of the second filler comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer and add them to an ethanol aqueous solution, stir for 0.5 - 1 h until completely dissolved, add flax lignan, continue to stir and mix for 0.5 - 1 h. Under stirring conditions, add 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, continue to stir and mix for 0.5 - 1 h. After adjusting the pH of the solution to be alkaline, stir the mixed system at 800 - 1000 rmp at room temperature for 12 - 24 h. After the reaction is completed, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, and wash the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol in sequence. After drying, perform pyrolysis treatment under a protective atmosphere. The pyrolysis treatment is to first heat up to 350 - 400 °C and keep it warm for 0.5 - 1 h, then heat up at 1 - 2 °C / min to 700 - 800 °C, and continue to keep it warm for 1 - 2 h to obtain a precursor product; (2) Weigh polyvinyl alcohol and dissolve it in deionized water. Heat the solution to 80 - 100 °C and stir it at a speed of 500 - 1000 rpm for 0.5 - 1 h to obtain a clear solution. Cool the solution to 50 - 60 °C and keep it for later use. Add the precursor product to the clear solution, add an aqueous glutaraldehyde solution, disperse and homogenize it by ultrasonic treatment, keep it warm and stir at 50 - 60 °C for 0.5 - 1 h, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, dry it, and then keep it warm and heat-treat at 120 - 140 °C for 0.5 - 1 h. Wash it by centrifugation with deionized water and dry it to obtain the second filler.

7. The prefabricated wall panel for exquisitely constructing a smooth exterior according to claim 6, wherein The mass ratio of the PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer, the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer, the flax lignan, and the 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene is (3 - 3.2) : 1 : (24 - 32) : (8 - 12).

8. A production method of an assembled wall panel for delicate construction with a flat outer surface according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the functional filler for later use; S2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio for later use; S3. Add all raw materials except the foaming agent to a blender and stir to mix them. Then add the foaming agent to obtain a slurry mixture. Pour the obtained slurry mixture into a mold for curing and forming, and then carry out a curing treatment. After the curing is completed, obtain the wall panel body; S4. Paste the decorative surface on the outside of the wall panel body, and obtain the assembled wall panel after secondary curing.

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