Microfluidic chip and detection device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of microfluidic chip, including detection box main body and cover, detection box main body is provided with the sample cavity for accommodating extraction reagent and the reaction cavity located in the side of sample cavity;Sample cavity is provided with flow channel port away from the side of cover, flow channel port is sealed in setting plugging piece, plugging piece is configured to open flow channel port under preset condition;The bottom of detection box main body is provided with first flow channel, and detection box main body includes intermediate structure layer and the first sealing layer located in the side of intermediate structure layer away from cover, sample cavity and reaction cavity are located in intermediate structure layer, the bottom of intermediate structure layer is protruded with first sealing edge in the direction away from cover, preset recess is arranged on first sealing edge or first sealing layer, so that intermediate structure layer and first sealing layer are enclosed, and first flow channel is formed between first sealing edge and first sealing layer.The present application also relates to a kind of detection device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a microfluidic chip and a detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The microfluidic chip can realize sample loading, reaction, detection and other processes by combining with biological, chemical, pharmaceutical and other technologies. The device feature is that the effective structure (channels, reaction chambers and other certain functional components) for containing fluid is micron scale in at least one dimension. Due to the micron scale structure, the fluid shows and produces special performance different from the macro scale. Therefore, unique analysis performance is developed. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a microfluidic chip and a detection device, which solve the problem that the detection by using the microfluidic chip is easily polluted by aerosol.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiments of the present application is as follows: a microfluidic chip, comprising a detection box body and a cover body, a sample cavity for containing extraction reagents is arranged in the detection box body, and a reaction cavity is arranged on one side of the sample cavity;

[0005] A flow channel port is arranged on the side of the sample cavity away from the cover body, a plugging piece is arranged in the flow channel port for sealing, and the plugging piece is configured to open the flow channel port under a preset condition.

[0006] A first flow channel is arranged at the bottom of the detection box body, the first flow channel is used for connecting the flow channel port and the reaction cavity, the detection box body comprises an intermediate structure layer and a first sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structure layer away from the cover body, the sample cavity and the reaction cavity are located in the intermediate structure layer, a first sealing edge is arranged at the bottom of the intermediate structure layer and away from the cover body, and a preset groove is arranged on the first sealing edge or the first sealing layer, so that the intermediate structure layer and the first sealing layer are combined to form the first flow channel between the first sealing edge and the first sealing layer.

[0007] Optionally, further comprising:

[0008] An air cavity is arranged in the intermediate structure layer.

[0009] A second flow channel is arranged for connecting the air cavity and the reaction cavity.

[0010] Optionally, further comprising a second sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structure layer close to the cover body, and the cover body, the second sealing layer and the intermediate structure layer combine to form the second flow channel.

[0011] Optionally, a second sealing layer is arranged on the side of the intermediate structure layer close to the cover, and the intermediate structure layer is provided with a second sealing edge on the side close to the cover, and the intermediate structure layer and the second sealing layer are combined to form the second flow channel between the second sealing edge and the second sealing layer.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of reaction cavities are arranged on the intermediate structure layer.

[0013] The second flow channel comprises a plurality of sub-flow channels corresponding to the plurality of reaction cavities.

[0014] The intermediate structure layer comprises a plurality of air cavities, and the plurality of air cavities are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sub-flow channels.

[0015] Optionally, the first flow channel comprises a main flow channel communicated with the flow channel opening, and a branch flow channel extending from the main flow channel to the reaction cavity and communicated with the reaction cavity, and a plurality of wetting columns are arranged in the main flow channel, and the distance between adjacent two wetting columns is smaller than the width of the communication part of the main flow channel and the branch flow channel, so that the blocking member flows away from the branch flow channel.

[0016] Optionally, the diameter of the wetting column is 1-3 mm, and the distance between adjacent two wetting columns is 1-3 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the maximum width of the end of the main flow channel away from the branch flow channel is 8-15 mm, and the width of the branch flow channel is 0.5-2 mm.

[0018] Optionally, the cover is arranged on the side of the second sealing layer away from the intermediate structure layer.

[0019] Optionally, the second sealing edge is arranged on the periphery of the sample cavity, so that the side of the intermediate structure layer close to the second sealing layer forms a first recess, the sample cavity is arranged in the first recess, and the cover is arranged on the first recess.

[0020] Optionally, the first recess comprises two opposite side walls and a connecting wall between the two side walls, the two side walls are respectively provided with pin holes at the end close to the connecting wall, and the cover is provided with pin shafts corresponding to the pin holes at the opposite corners, so that the cover rotates around the pin shafts to open or close the detection box body.

[0021] Optionally, the side of the cover away from the pin shafts is provided with a clamping hook, and the intermediate structure layer is provided with a clamping hole matched with the clamping hook to lock the cover and the detection box body.

[0022] Optionally, the cover is provided with an elastic sealing member on a side facing the intermediate structure layer, the cover is provided with a through hole to expose the elastic sealing member, and a projection of the through hole on the intermediate structure layer is located in the sample cavity.

[0023] Optionally, the elastic sealing member is provided with a sealing ring on a side facing the intermediate structure layer, and the sealing ring is pressed against the edge of the sample cavity when the cover is covered on the detection box body, or the sealing ring is arranged around the sample cavity.

[0024] Optionally, the cover is provided with a plurality of hooks on a side facing the intermediate structure layer, the elastic sealing member is provided with a plurality of hook holes on the periphery of the sealing ring, and a plurality of hooks and a plurality of hook holes are interference-fitted to connect the cover and the elastic sealing member.

[0025] Optionally, the main flow channel is in the shape of a teardrop, the main flow channel has opposite first and second ends, the branch flow channel is arranged at the first end, and the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel in a direction parallel to the sealing layer gradually increases from the first end to the second end.

[0026] Optionally, the plugging member is made of paraffin.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application also provides a detection device, which comprises:

[0028] The microfluidic chip, the detection box body comprises an intermediate structure layer and a first sealing layer on a side of the intermediate structure layer away from the cover, and the cover is provided with an elastic sealing member on a side facing the intermediate structure layer, the cover is provided with a through hole to expose the elastic sealing member, and a projection of the through hole on the intermediate structure layer is located in the sample cavity;

[0029] A heating plate on a side of the detection box body away from the cover, the heating plate is configured to heat to melt the plugging member;

[0030] A top rod is configured to pass through the through hole on the cover to extrude the elastic sealing member, so that the extraction reagent in the sample cavity flows into the first flow channel through the flow channel opening and enters the reaction cavity.

[0031] The present application has the beneficial effect that the first flow channel for connecting the sample cavity and the reaction cavity comprises a main flow channel and a branch flow channel, and a plurality of wetting columns are arranged in the main flow channel, liquid plugging member flows away from the branch flow channel by capillary action, thereby solving the problem that the flow channel is blocked and the reagent cannot flow to the reaction cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1Structure diagram of a microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 Structure diagram of a microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 Structure diagram of a first flow channel in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 4 Structure diagram of a first flow channel in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 5 Structure diagram of a first flow channel in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 6 Connection diagram of a reaction cavity and a second flow channel in an embodiment of the present application

[0038] Figure 7 Structure diagram of a microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 8 Exploded diagram of a cover in an embodiment of the present application

[0040] Figure 9 Structure diagram of a detection cartridge main body in an embodiment of the present application

[0041] Figure 10 State diagram before a top rod is pressed down in an embodiment of the present application

[0042] Figure 11 State diagram after a top rod is pressed down in an embodiment of the present application

[0043] Figure 12 Reagent flow path block diagram in an embodiment of the present application DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-8 The present embodiment provides a microfluidic chip, comprising a detection box body 2 and a cover 1, the detection box body 2 is provided with a sample cavity 21 for containing extraction reagents and a reaction cavity 26 located on one side of the sample cavity 21;

[0047] The sample cavity 21 is provided with a flow channel port 25 away from the cover 1, and a sealing member is arranged in the flow channel port 25, the sealing member is configured to open the flow channel port 25 under a predetermined condition;

[0048] The bottom of the detection box body 2 is provided with a first flow channel for connecting the flow channel port 25 and the reaction cavity 26, the detection box body 2 comprises an intermediate structural layer 22 and a first sealing layer 23 located away from the cover 1 on one side of the intermediate structural layer 22, the sample cavity 21 and the reaction cavity 26 are located in the intermediate structural layer 22, and the bottom of the intermediate structural layer 22 is provided with a first sealing edge 221 away from the cover 1, a predetermined groove is arranged on the first sealing edge 221 or the first sealing layer 23, so that the intermediate structural layer 22 and the first sealing layer 23 are enclosed, and the first flow channel is formed between the first sealing edge 221 and the first sealing layer 23.

[0049] In an embodiment, the first sealing edge 221 is integrally injection molded with the intermediate structural layer 22.

[0050] In the present embodiment, the first flow channel is sealed between the first sealing edge 221 and the first sealing layer 23, so as to avoid the extraction reagents in the sample cavity 21 from being polluted by aerosol during the process of entering the reaction cavity through the first flow channel.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the microfluidic chip further comprises:

[0052] An air cavity 29 is arranged in the intermediate structural layer 22;

[0053] A second flow channel 27 is arranged for connecting the air cavity 29 and the reaction cavity 26.

[0054] When the flow channel port 25 is opened, the extraction reagent in the sample chamber 21 enters the reaction chamber 26 through the first flow channel, and the excess extraction reagent enters the second flow channel 27 or enters the air chamber 29 through the second flow channel 27.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the microfluidic chip further comprises a second sealing layer 202 located on the side of the intermediate structural layer 22 close to the cover 1, and the cover 1, the second sealing layer 202 and the intermediate structural layer 22 form the second flow channel 27.

[0056] In an embodiment, the intermediate structural layer 22 is provided with a second groove, the second sealing layer 202 is an elastic structure covering the intermediate structural layer 22, and the cover 1 is provided with a protrusion close to the intermediate structural layer 22, the shape of the protrusion being consistent with the shape of the second groove on the intermediate structural layer 22. When the cover 1 is placed on the intermediate structural layer 22, the second sealing layer 202 deforms, and the protrusion is pressed into the second groove (the width of the protrusion is smaller than the width of the second groove), so as to form the second flow channel 27 with a required width between the cover 1, the second sealing layer 202 and the intermediate structural layer 22.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the microfluidic chip further comprises a second sealing layer 202 located on the side of the intermediate structural layer 22 close to the cover 1, and the intermediate structural layer 22 is provided with a second sealing edge 201 close to the cover 1. The intermediate structural layer 22 and the second sealing layer 202 form the second flow channel 27 between the second sealing edge 201 and the second sealing layer 202. In this embodiment, the second flow channel 27 is formed by the second sealing edge 201 and the second sealing layer 202, and the second flow channel 27 is formed after the second flow channel 27 is enclosed by the second sealing edge 201 and the second sealing layer 202.

[0058] In an embodiment, the second sealing edge 201 and the intermediate structural layer 22 are integrally injection molded.

[0059] The second sealing edge 201 on the side of the intermediate structural layer 22 close to the cover 1 is sealingly connected with the second sealing layer 202, and the first sealing edge 221 on the side of the intermediate structural layer 22 away from the cover 1 is sealingly connected with the first sealing layer 23, so that the microfluidic chip forms a fully sealed structure, effectively preventing aerosol pollution.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of reaction cavities 26 are arranged on the intermediate structure layer 22, the first flow channel includes a main flow channel 241 communicating with the flow channel port, and branch flow channels extending from the main flow channel 241 to the reaction cavities and communicating with the reaction cavities, the branch flow channels include a plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242 corresponding to the plurality of reaction cavities 26 one by one;

[0061] The second flow channel 27 includes a plurality of sub-flow channels corresponding to the plurality of reaction cavities 26 one by one.

[0062] The intermediate structure layer 22 includes a plurality of air cavities 29, and the plurality of air cavities 29 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of sub-flow channels.

[0063] The intermediate structure layer 22 includes a plurality of air cavities 29, and the plurality of air cavities 29 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of sub-flow channels.

[0064] The extraction reagent in the sample cavity 21 passes through the main flow channel 241, is automatically and uniformly divided into multiple liquid paths, enters the corresponding reaction cavities 26 through the plurality of branch flow channels, reconstitutes the freeze-dried balls, and a small amount of excess reagent is left through the corresponding sub-flow channels into the corresponding air cavities 29.

[0065] The number of reaction cavities 26 and the number of corresponding air cavities 29 can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the first flow channel, the reaction cavities 26, the second flow channel 27, and the air cavities 29 are sealed in the detection box main body 2, that is, the air cavities 29 are also in a closed state. After the sample cavity 21 releases the extraction reagent, the sample cavity 21, the plurality of reaction cavities 26, and the plurality of air cavities 29 are in a constant pressure state, and liquid (i.e., extraction reagent) is uniformly distributed in the plurality of air cavities 29.

[0066] Reference Figure 12 The number of air cavities 29 can be set according to actual needs (the plurality of branch flow channels correspond one by one to the plurality of reaction cavities 26, the plurality of reaction cavities 26 correspond one by one to the plurality of second flow channels 27, and the plurality of second flow channels 27 correspond one by one to the plurality of air cavities 29), n≥1, and n is a natural number.

[0067] A plurality of air cavities 29 are arranged, that is, a plurality of flow paths are arranged, which is beneficial to realize uniform distribution of liquid. In an embodiment, the volumes of the plurality of reaction cavities 26 are the same, the volumes of the plurality of air cavities 29 are the same, and the lengths or volumes of the plurality of second flow channels 27 are the same, which is more beneficial to realize uniform distribution of liquid.

[0068] Exemplarily, the number n of the air cavities 29 is mainly determined by the reagent volume V1 and the volume V2 of the reaction cavities, and needs to satisfy V1 > n*V2 / 5, so that the reagent occupies at least V2 / 5 of the volume of the reaction cavities after liquid injection, and the liquid injection stability is higher.

[0069] It should be noted that the number n of the air cavities 29 needs to satisfy that each of the reaction cavities contains liquid (i.e., the corresponding extraction reagent) after liquid injection, and the proportion of the reagent occupying the volume of the reaction cavities after liquid injection can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited to occupying 1 / 5 of the volume of the reaction cavities, but can also be 1 / 3, 1 / 4, etc.

[0070] Particularly, the volume, length of each branch flow channel and the volume parameter of each air cavity can be designed to realize uniform distribution of the liquid injection amount of each reaction cavity after one-time liquid injection.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the volumes of the plurality of reaction cavities 26 are different, or the volumes of the plurality of air cavities 29 are different, or the lengths or volumes of the plurality of second flow channels are different, to realize specific proportional distribution of the liquid.

[0072] The specific structures of the air cavities 29, the reaction cavities 26, the second flow channels 27 and the first flow channels can be set according to actual needs.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the reaction cavities 26 and the air cavities 29 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first flow channel in the extension direction thereof, a plurality of the reaction cavities 26 are arranged on the intermediate structure layer 22 in a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first flow channel.

[0074] The second flow channel 27 includes a plurality of sub-flow channels that respectively correspond to the plurality of reaction cavities 26 in a one-to-one manner, and the plurality of sub-flow channels are located on at least one side of the sample cavity 21 in the first direction.

[0075] Compared with the case where the reaction cavities 26 and the air cavities 29 are arranged on the same side of the first flow channel, the length of the detection cartridge main body in the extension direction of the first flow channel can be reduced by using the above structure.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the extension direction of the reaction cavities 26 is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the direction from the first sealing layer 23 to the second sealing layer 202, and the reaction cavities 26 penetrate through the intermediate structure layer 22, and in the extension direction of the reaction cavities 26, the inlet of the reaction cavities 26 communicating with the first flow channel and the outlet of the reaction cavities 26 communicating with the second flow channel 27 are respectively located at two ends of the reaction cavities 26.

[0077] In the example embodiment, the first flow channel includes a main flow channel 241 communicating with the flow channel opening 25, and a branch flow channel extending from the main flow channel 241 to the reaction cavity 26 and communicating with the reaction cavity 26. A plurality of wetting columns 2401 are arranged in the main flow channel 241. The distance between two adjacent wetting columns 2401 is less than the width of the communication between the main flow channel 241 and the branch flow channel, so that the blocking member flows away from the branch flow channel.

[0078] Under the preset condition, the blocking member opens the flow channel opening 25 and also flows along the flow channel to the reaction cavity 26, which has the risk of blocking the flow channel. In this embodiment, the structure of the flow channel is changed. The first flow channel includes the main flow channel 241 and the branch flow channel. The volume of the main flow channel 241 is greater than that of the branch flow channel. In the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the reagent, the width of the main flow channel 241 is greater than that of the branch flow channel. A plurality of wetting columns 2401 are arranged in the main flow channel 241. The distance between two adjacent wetting columns 2401 is less than the width of the communication between the main flow channel 241 and the branch flow channel. By using capillary action, the blocking member in liquid state flows towards the wetting columns 2401, i.e. away from the branch flow channel, thereby avoiding the blocking member in liquid state entering the branch flow channel and blocking the branch flow channel.

[0079] In the example embodiment, the diameter of the wetting column 2401 is 1-3 mm, and the distance between two adjacent wetting columns 2401 is 1-3 mm, which is beneficial to achieve the capillary wetting effect. In an embodiment, the diameter of the wetting column 2401 is 2 mm, and the distance between two adjacent wetting columns 2401 is 2 mm, but it is not limited thereto.

[0080] In the example embodiment, the blocking member is made of paraffin wax, and the preset condition is that the paraffin wax is in a preset temperature environment and changes from solid state to liquid state, but it is not limited thereto. The blocking member can also be made of other phase change materials. The preset temperature needs to be greater than the melting point of the blocking member, so that the blocking member can change from solid state to liquid state at the preset temperature. Figure 4 In the example embodiment, the blocking member is made of paraffin wax, and the preset condition is that the paraffin wax is in a preset temperature environment and changes from solid state to liquid state, but it is not limited thereto. The blocking member can also be made of other phase change materials. The preset temperature needs to be greater than the melting point of the blocking member, so that the blocking member can change from solid state to liquid state at the preset temperature.

[0081] For example, the distance between the flow channel 25 and the adjacent wetting column 2401 can be greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent wetting columns 2401, which is conducive to generating a capillary wetting effect. Under the wetting effect, the molten liquid paraffin preferentially flows towards the direction of the wetting column 2401.

[0082] In one embodiment, the distance between the flow channel 25 and the adjacent wetting column 2401 can be greater than the spacing between adjacent wetting columns 2401. The distance between the flow channel 25 and the adjacent wetting column 2401 is a first value, and the spacing between adjacent wetting columns 2401 is a second value. The difference between the first value and the second value is less than 1 mm.

[0083] It should be noted that the diameter of the flow channel 25 is 0.1-5mm, and in one embodiment, the diameter of the flow channel 25 can be 1-3mm. The depth of the flow channel 25 is 1mm. After the paraffin melts, it fills the flow channel 25 by its own fluidity, and the paraffin will form an "I" shape, sealing the flow channel 25 (the paraffin will not move along the flow channel without external force).

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the material of the detection box body can be common injection molded substrates such as PC (polycarbonate), PP (polypropylene), PS (polystyrene), and acrylic, but is not limited thereto.

[0085] For example, the material of the wetting column is the same as the material of the detection box body, which can make the wetting column integrally injection molded with the detection box body, simplifying the manufacturing process, but it is not limited thereto.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the main channel 241 includes a first end where the branch channel is disposed and a second end disposed opposite to the first end. The channel opening 25 is located in the region of the main channel 241 near the second end. A plurality of wetting columns 2401 are located around the channel opening 25, or a plurality of wetting columns 2401 are located on the side of the channel opening 25 near the second end. Alternatively, the main channel 241 includes an annular region located around the channel opening 25. The annular region includes a first region facing the branch channel and a second region other than the first region. A plurality of wetting columns 2401 are disposed in the second region.

[0087] By adopting the above solution, the distance between the flow channel 25 and the branch flow channel can be increased, effectively preventing the liquid-state sealing component from flowing into the branch flow channel and avoiding blocking the branch flow channel.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the distance between the flow channel port 25 and the wetting column 2401 adjacent thereto can be greater than or equal to the spacing between adjacent wetting columns 2401.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment, the main flow channel 241 is in the shape of a teardrop, the main flow channel 241 has opposite first and second ends, the branch flow channel is disposed at the first end, and the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel 241 in a direction parallel to the sealing layer gradually increases from the first end to the second end. This can facilitate the flow of liquid to the first end and improve the flow efficiency of the liquid.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum width of the second end of the main flow channel 241 is 8-15 mm, the width of the branch flow channel 242 is 0.5-2 mm, and the distance from the location of the maximum width of the main flow channel 241 to the starting point of the branch flow channel 242 is 5-10 mm, so that the size variation rate of the main flow channel is large enough to avoid blockage at the starting point of the branch flow channel 242.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the branch flow channel includes a plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242 corresponding one-to-one to a plurality of reaction cavities 26, and the plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242 are disposed at the first end of the main flow channel 241. In this way, uniform flow of the liquid is achieved, and uniform distribution of the liquid is achieved in cooperation with the arrangement of the gas cavity 29.

[0092] In this embodiment, along a direction from the main flow channel 241 to the branch flow channel, the reaction cavity 26 is disposed on a side of the branch flow channel away from the main flow channel 241, and the gas cavity 29 is disposed on a side of the main flow channel 241 away from the branch flow channel.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the gas cavity 29 is disposed on a side of the main flow channel 241 away from the branch flow channel, and the gas cavity 29 is located inside the intermediate structure layer 22. The microfluidic chip further includes a third flow channel 28 disposed between the second flow channel 27 and the gas cavity 29, and the extension direction of the third flow channel 28 is parallel to the extension direction of the reaction cavity 26. Referring to Figure 12 .

[0094] In this embodiment, the first flow channel, the reaction cavity 26, the second flow channel 27, and the gas cavity 29 are hermetically disposed in the detection cartridge body 2 and are in a fully sealed state, so that no aerosol pollution occurs during detection.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the cover 1 covers the second sealing layer 202 away from the intermediate structure layer 22, and the orthographic projection of the cover 1 on the intermediate structure layer 22 covers the intermediate structure layer. In this embodiment, the area of the cover 1 is consistent with the area of the surface of the side of the intermediate structure layer 22 close to the cover 1, and the cover 1 covers the intermediate structure layer 22 as a whole. Since the second sealing layer 202 is sealingly arranged on the intermediate structure layer 22, even when the cover 1 is in an open state, only the sample cavity is exposed, and the second flow channel 27 is sealingly formed by the second sealing layer 202 and the intermediate structure layer 22.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the second sealing edge 201 is arranged on the periphery of the sample cavity 21, and the second sealing layer 202 is a plate-shaped structure with a notch, so that the side of the intermediate structure layer 22 close to the second sealing layer 202 forms a first groove, the sample cavity is located in the first groove, and the cover 1 covers the first groove. In this embodiment, the area of the cover 1 is smaller than the area of the surface of the side of the intermediate structure layer 22 close to the cover 1, and the cover 1 only covers the first groove formed by the intermediate structure layer 22. When the cover 1 is opened, the sample cavity located in the first groove is exposed.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the second sealing layer 202 is a U-shaped structure, and the groove is also a U-shaped structure, but this is not limited thereto.

[0098] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cover in a buckled state, Figure 2 FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cover in an open state, in an exemplary embodiment, the groove includes two opposite side walls and a connecting wall between the two side walls, and the two side walls are respectively provided with pin holes 204 at one end close to the connecting wall. The cover 1 is provided with pin shafts 104 corresponding to the pin holes 204 at two opposite corners of the cover 1, so that the cover 1 is rotated around the pin shafts 104 to open or close the detection cartridge body 2.

[0099] The cover 1 is provided with a fixed end at one end of the pin shaft 104, and the cover 1 further includes a free end opposite to the fixed end. The cooperation of the pin shaft 104 and the pin hole 204 can make the cover 1 rotate around the pin shaft 104, so that the detection cartridge body 2 can be opened or closed.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the side of the cover 1 away from the pin shaft 104 is provided with a clamping hook 102, and the intermediate structure layer 22 is provided with a clamping hole 203 cooperating with the clamping hook 102 to lock the cover 1 and the detection cartridge body 2.

[0101] The clamping hook 102 is made of elastic material. When the clamping hook 102 is pressed, the clamping hook 102 is matched with the clamping hole 203 to lock the detection box body 2. When the cover 1 is opened, the cover 1 is pressed in a direction away from the detection box body 2, so that the clamping hook 102 is deformed to be separated from the clamping hole 203.

[0102] For example, the clamping hook 102 includes a protruding part perpendicular to the cover 1 and a protrusion at an end of the protruding part away from the cover 1. The protrusion is located at one side of the protruding part. The clamping hole 203 includes a groove arranged on one side of the intermediate structure layer 22 close to the cover 1. The groove is used to accommodate the protruding part. The clamping hole 203 further includes a clamping groove arranged on a side wall of the groove. The clamping groove is matched with the protrusion to connect the cover 1 and the detection box body 2.

[0103] The first flow channel is used to communicate the sample chamber 21 and the reaction chamber 26. In a non-detection state, the cover 1 is arranged on the detection box body 2. The first flow channel is blocked by a blocking member. The extraction reagent accommodated in the sample chamber 21 is stored in the sample chamber 21. In use, the cover 1 is opened. The sampler 10 is inserted into the sample chamber 21 and immersed in the extraction reagent. The sample is released. The cover 1 is closed to complete the detection and sampling operation process.

[0104] In an example embodiment, the cover 1 is provided with an elastic sealing member 12 on a side facing the intermediate structure layer 22. The cover 1 is provided with a through hole 101 to expose the elastic sealing member 12. A normal projection of the through hole 101 on the intermediate structure layer 22 is located in the sample chamber 21.

[0105] The detection instrument includes a pressing structure for pressing the elastic sealing member 12 through the through hole 101. The elastic sealing member 12 is deformed to generate a positive pressure driving force. The extraction reagent in the sample chamber 21 flows to the reaction chamber 26 through the first flow channel.

[0106] In an example embodiment, the elastic sealing member 12 is provided with a sealing ring 122 on a side facing the intermediate structure layer 22. When the cover 1 is closed on the detection box body 2, the sealing ring 122 is pressed on an edge of the sample chamber 21 or the sealing ring 122 is arranged around the sample chamber 21.

[0107] For example, a containing groove can be arranged on a top of the sample chamber 21 or around the sample chamber 21 to embed the sealing ring 122 to ensure the sealing effect.

[0108] Exemplarily, the elastic seal 12 and the sealing ring 122 can be an integral structure, and the elastic seal 12 can be made of silica gel, rubber, TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer), TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes), or the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, the cover 1 is provided with a plurality of hooks 103 on a side facing the intermediate structure layer 22, and the elastic seal 12 is provided with a plurality of hook holes 121 on the periphery of the sealing ring 122, and the plurality of hooks 103 and the plurality of hook holes 121 are in interference fit to connect the cover 1 and the elastic seal 12.

[0110] The specific structure of the hook 103 can be various, as long as it can be matched with the hook hole 121 to realize the connection of the cover 1 and the elastic seal 12. For example, the hook 103 can be a column structure, and the radial cross-sectional area of the column structure is greater than the hole diameter of the hook hole 121. For example, the hook 103 can be an I-shaped structure, and the hook 103 passes through the hook hole 121, so that the elastic seal 12 is clamped on the middle part of the I-shaped structure.

[0111] Branch flow channel reference Figure 9 And Figure 10 The embodiment of the present application provides a detection device, which comprises:

[0112] The detection device and the microfluidic chip described above, the detection box body comprises an intermediate structure layer 22 and a first sealing layer located on a side of the intermediate structure layer 22 away from the cover, and the cover 1 is provided with an elastic seal 12 on a side facing the intermediate structure layer 22, the cover 1 is provided with a through hole 101 to expose the elastic seal 12, and the orthographic projection of the through hole 101 on the intermediate structure layer 22 is located in the sample cavity 21;

[0113] The detection device comprises:

[0114] A heating plate 200 located on a side of the detection box body 2 away from the cover 1, the heating plate 200 is configured to heat to melt the blocking piece;

[0115] A top rod 100 configured to pass through the through hole 101 on the cover 1 to extrude the elastic seal 12, so that the extraction reagent 300 in the sample cavity 21 flows into the first flow channel through the flow channel port 25, and enters the reaction cavity 26.

[0116] The heating plate 200 is heated to a preset temperature, so that the sealing member melts, the flow channel port 25 is opened, the ejector rod 100 can extend into the through hole 101 on the cover 1, press the elastic sealing member 12, so that the elastic sealing member 12 is deformed, and a positive driving force is applied to the sample cavity 21, so that the extraction reagent in the sample cavity 21 enters the reaction cavity 26 through the first flow channel.

[0117] When the ejector rod 100 is pressed down, the heating of the heating plate is triggered at the same time, which simplifies the operation process, reduces the number of user operations, and is not easy to forget (for example, if the operation mode of heating first and then pressing down the ejector rod 100 is adopted, it is easy to forget the operation of pressing down the ejector rod 100 after heating); and the sample cavity is pressed first and then heated, which can improve the phase change efficiency of the sealing member.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment, after the microfluidic chip is placed in the detection device (the detection device includes the ejector rod and the heating plate), the temperature is raised, the temperature is kept, and the wax is melted, the user waits for a period of time and then presses down the ejector rod, or directly presses down the ejector rod after the microfluidic chip is placed in the detection device (the detection device includes the ejector rod and the heating plate).

[0119] The specific process of detecting by using the detection device in the embodiment is specifically introduced as follows:

[0120] After the user samples, the sample is added to the sample cavity 21, and the extraction reagent for releasing the sample is included in the sample cavity 21;

[0121] The microfluidic chip with the sample is placed in the detection device, the ejector rod 100 is pressed down, the heating plate 200 is automatically heated, and when the heating plate 200 is heated to a preset temperature, the sealing member (the sealing member in the embodiment is paraffin) melts and flows into the main flow channel 241.

[0122] It should be noted that a plurality of interval arranged wet columns 2401 are arranged in the main flow channel 241, and the interval between two adjacent wet columns 2401 is less than the width of the connection between the main flow channel 241 and the branch flow channel. By using the capillary effect, the sealing member in liquid state flows in the direction close to the wet column 2401, that is, in the direction away from the branch flow channel, so as to avoid that the sealing member in liquid state enters the branch flow channel and blocks the branch flow channel.

[0123] It should be noted that in the embodiment, the main flow channel 241 is in the shape of a teardrop, the main flow channel 241 has opposite first and second ends, the branch flow channel is arranged at the first end, the wetting column 2401 is located at a region of the main flow channel 241 close to the second end, and the flow channel port 25 is located at a region close to the second end. From the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel 241 in the direction parallel to the sealing layer gradually increases. This can promote the flow of liquid to the first end and improve the flow efficiency of the liquid. The main flow channel 241 is a symmetrical structure in the third direction, which is perpendicular to the direction from the first end to the second end, which can achieve the effect of promoting the flow of extraction reagent into the branch flow channel.

[0124] It should be noted that in the embodiment, the branch flow channel includes a plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242, each sub-branch flow channel 242 corresponds to connect one reaction cavity, the main flow channel 241 includes a center line extending from the first end to the second end, along the third direction, a plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of liquid (i.e. extraction reagent combined with sample).

[0125] The extraction reagent combined with the sample in the sample cavity 21 flows into the corresponding reaction cavity 26 (the reaction cavity 26 includes freeze-dried PCR reagent) through the plurality of sub-branch flow channels 242, and the excess reagent enters the air cavity 29 through the second flow channel 27 (or remains in the second flow channel 27). The detection device reconstitutes the freeze-dried PCR reagent by heating, performs PCR reaction to perform nucleic acid detection.

[0126] It should be noted that in the embodiment, a plurality of air cavities 29 are arranged one by one corresponding to a plurality of reaction cavities 26, and the volumes of the plurality of air cavities 29 are the same. In the embodiment, the first flow channel, the reaction cavity 26, the second flow channel 27 and the air cavity 29 are sealingly arranged in the detection box body 2, that is, the air cavity 29 is also in a closed state. After the sample cavity 21 releases the extraction reagent, the sample cavity 21, the plurality of reaction cavities 26 and the plurality of air cavities 29 are in a constant pressure state, and the liquid (i.e. extraction reagent) is uniformly distributed in the plurality of air cavities 29.

[0127] It should be noted that in an embodiment, the volumes of the plurality of reaction cavities 26 are different, or the volumes of the plurality of air cavities 29 are different, or the lengths or volumes of the plurality of second flow channels are different, to achieve specific proportional distribution of the liquid.

[0128] It is understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip, characterized in that, The device includes a detection box body and a cover. The detection box body has a sample chamber for accommodating extraction reagents and a reaction chamber located on one side of the sample chamber. The sample cavity is provided with a flow channel opening on the side away from the cover, and a sealing element is provided in the flow channel opening for sealing. The sealing element is configured to open the flow channel opening under preset conditions. The bottom of the detection box body is provided with a first flow channel, which is used to connect the flow channel opening and the reaction chamber. The detection box body includes an intermediate structural layer and a first sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structural layer away from the cover. The sample chamber and the reaction chamber are located in the intermediate structural layer. The bottom of the intermediate structural layer is provided with a first sealing edge in the direction away from the cover. A preset groove is provided on the first sealing edge or the first sealing layer, so that the intermediate structural layer and the first sealing layer surround each other and form the first flow channel between the first sealing edge and the first sealing layer. The first flow channel includes a main flow channel communicating with the flow channel opening, and a branch flow channel extending from the main flow channel to the reaction chamber and communicating with the reaction chamber. The main flow channel is provided with a plurality of spaced wetting columns. The distance between two adjacent wetting columns is less than the width of the connection between the main flow channel and the branch flow channel, so that the sealing member flows away from the branch flow channel. The material of the wetting column is PC (polycarbonate), PP (polypropylene), PS (polystyrene) or acrylic; The preset condition is that the sealing component changes from a solid to a liquid state at a preset temperature.

2. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An air cavity is disposed in the intermediate structural layer; The second flow channel connects the gas chamber and the reaction chamber.

3. The microfluidic chip according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structural layer near the cover, and the cover, the second sealing layer and the intermediate structural layer together form the second flow channel.

4. The microfluidic chip according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structural layer near the cover, the side of the intermediate structural layer near the cover having a second sealing edge, the intermediate structural layer and the second sealing layer enclosing each other, such that a second flow channel is formed between the second sealing edge and the second sealing layer.

5. The microfluidic chip according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple reaction chambers are provided on the intermediate structural layer; The second flow channel includes multiple sub-flow channels that are respectively connected to the multiple reaction chambers in a one-to-one correspondence; The intermediate structural layer includes multiple air chambers, and each of the multiple air chambers is connected to a multiple sub-channel and is configured in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the wetting column is 1-3 mm, and the distance between two adjacent wetting columns is 1-3 mm.

7. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum width of the main flow channel at the end furthest from the branch flow channel is 8-15mm, and the width of the branch flow channel is 0.5-2mm.

8. The microfluidic chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover is placed on the side of the second sealing layer away from the intermediate structural layer.

9. The microfluidic chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second sealing edge is disposed on the periphery of the sample cavity, such that the middle structural layer forms a first groove on the side near the second sealing layer, the sample cavity is located in the first groove, and the cover is disposed on the first groove.

10. The microfluidic chip according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first groove includes two opposing sidewalls and a connecting wall located between the two sidewalls. Each of the two sidewalls is provided with a pin hole at one end near the connecting wall. The cover is provided with pins corresponding to the pin holes at two opposite corners, so that the cover can rotate around the pins to open or close the detection box body.

11. The microfluidic chip according to claim 10, characterized in that, A hook is provided on the side of the cover away from the pin, and a locking hole is provided on the intermediate structural layer to cooperate with the hook to lock the cover and the detection box body.

12. The microfluidic chip according to claim 10, characterized in that, An elastic sealing element is provided on the side of the cover facing the intermediate structural layer. The cover has a through hole to expose the elastic sealing element, and the orthographic projection of the through hole on the intermediate structural layer is located inside the sample cavity.

13. The microfluidic chip according to claim 12, characterized in that, The elastic seal is provided with a sealing ring on the side facing the intermediate structural layer. When the cover is closed on the main body of the detection box, the sealing ring is pressed against the edge of the sample cavity, or the sealing ring is arranged around the sample cavity.

14. The microfluidic chip according to claim 13, characterized in that, The cover body has multiple hooks on the side facing the intermediate structural layer, and the elastic seal has multiple hanging holes located around the sealing ring. The multiple hooks and the multiple hanging holes are interference-fitted to connect the cover body and the elastic seal.

15. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main channel is teardrop-shaped and has a first end and a second end. The branch channel is located at the first end. From the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the main channel gradually increases in the direction parallel to the first sealing layer.

16. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing component is made of paraffin wax.

17. A detection device, characterized in that, include: The microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the detection box body includes an intermediate structural layer and a first sealing layer located on the side of the intermediate structural layer away from the cover, and an elastic sealing element is provided on the side of the cover facing the intermediate structural layer, and a through hole is provided on the cover to expose the elastic sealing element, and the orthogonal projection of the through hole on the intermediate structural layer is located in the sample cavity; A heating plate located on the side of the detection box body away from the cover, the heating plate being configured to heat and melt the sealing element; A push rod is configured to pass through a through-hole in the cover to compress the resilient seal, so that the extraction reagent in the sample chamber flows through the flow port into the first flow channel and into the reaction chamber.

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