Hole-making auxiliary device and hole-making method for aircraft curved surface laminated structure
The hole-making auxiliary device, which combines a guide channel with a guide rod, solves the problem of difficult hole positioning in aircraft curved laminated structures, and achieves efficient control of the final hole verticality and improved connection quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311004755.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-08-10
AI Technical Summary
During the drilling process of aircraft curved laminated structures, it is difficult to fix the workpiece during drilling, resulting in positioning difficulties and difficulty in controlling the verticality of the hole axis, which affects the connection quality.
An auxiliary hole-making device including a base, an outer support and a drilling jig is used. The cooperation of the guide channel and the guide rod ensures that the drilling jig is coaxial with the initial hole. The outer support and the locking piece are used to fix it to achieve stable positioning of the drill hole. The adaptability is improved by the spherical drilling jig and the universal outer bracket to ensure the verticality of the final hole.
It improves the verticality and quality of hole making, reduces the deviation rate and rework rate, is easy to operate and adapts to different hole diameter requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN116967503B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft assembly, in particular to a hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved surface laminated structure and a hole-making method for an aircraft curved surface laminated structure. Background Art
[0002] like Figure 1 The workpiece 100 shown is a curved laminated structure adopted for the aerodynamic shape of an aircraft. After the workpiece connector 110 is installed, the outer side of the overall structure is a countersunk surface in the form of a curved surface, and the inner side is a nut surface. After the workpiece connector 100 is installed, it is necessary to ensure that the gap between the nut and the inner surface is uniform, the countersunk socket is perpendicular to the axis of the hole, and the gap between the countersunk side of the bolt and the countersunk socket is uniform, so that the curved laminated structure is evenly stressed and has good connection quality.
[0003] Holemaking in a curved laminated structure typically involves drilling an initial hole on the inner nut surface, followed by expansion on the outer countersunk surface. However, due to the structure of the countersunk surface, it's difficult to secure the workpiece during drilling, leading to positioning difficulties and difficulty applying force to the drill bit. Consequently, it's difficult to control the verticality of the hole axis. If the axis of the initial hole deviates during drilling, subsequent expansion on the countersunk surface is difficult to correct, resulting in uncontrollable verticality. The resulting final hole will have an out-of-tolerance verticality, and the workpiece connector 110 will fail to fit the workpiece 100 properly. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved surface laminated structure, which can effectively improve the verticality of hole-making.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution: a drilling auxiliary device for a laminated structure of an aircraft curved surface, comprising a base, an outer support, and a drilling jig; the drilling jig is arranged in the outer support and movably cooperates with the outer support, the outer support is provided with a locking member for fixing the outer support and the drilling jig relative to each other, and a plurality of supporting legs are fixed to the bottom of the outer support; the drilling jig is provided with a guide channel through it, and a guide rod is fixed on the base to fit the guide channel. The present invention provides a drilling jig with a guide channel to guide the drill bit during drilling, and the position of the drilling jig is positioned by using the guide rod on the base to pass through the initial hole in the workpiece, ensuring that the guide rod, the guide channel in the drilling jig, and the initial hole are all on the same central axis. The outer support is then adjusted to a state where it can stably support the curved surface of the workpiece, and the outer support is fixed to the drilling jig by using the locking member so that the outer support and the drilling jig are relatively fixed, so that the subsequent drilling work can be positioned. When the hole is subsequently expanded, the positioning of the outer support and the drilling guidance of the drilling jig can be used to ensure that the verticality of the final hole is qualified, thereby improving the drilling quality.
[0006] As an improvement to the above solution, the jig is spherical, with a spherical outer surface. The outer support is provided with a spherical through-hole adapted for the jig, and the outer support is sleeved onto the outer circumference of the jig to form a rotatable fit. To increase the adaptability of the outer support, the present invention utilizes a spherical jig and a matching universal outer support. The outer support and the spherical jig are rotatable, thereby extending the range of motion of the outer support and enabling positioning from a wider range of angles and directions.
[0007] As an improvement to the above solution, the guide rod has a threaded section at the end not connected to the base, which is threadedly connected to a guide rod nut. The outer diameter of the guide rod nut is larger than the aperture of the guide channel. The present invention secures the guide rod by providing a threaded mating structure. The threaded connection between the guide rod nut and the guide rod is utilized to press the guide rod against the drill jig after the guide rod is positioned. This ensures that the guide rod does not deviate during adjustment of the outer support, ensuring that the guide channel in the drill jig maintains stable coaxiality with the initial hole.
[0008] As an improvement to the above solution, the present invention further includes a drilling guide sleeve fixed to the drill jig. The drilling guide sleeve is coaxially arranged and connected to the guide channel in the drill jig. The guide rod passes through the guide channel and the drilling guide sleeve in sequence and is threadedly connected to the guide rod nut. The outer diameter of the guide rod nut is larger than the hole diameter of the drilling guide sleeve. By adding the drilling guide sleeve to the drill jig, the present invention can guide the drill bit during subsequent hole making, thereby further improving the accuracy of hole making and the verticality of the hole.
[0009] As an improvement to the above solution, the locking member is a locking screw, and the outer support is provided with a threaded through hole that mates with the locking screw thread. One end of the locking screw can pass through the threaded through hole and abut against the outer surface of the drilling template. In the present invention, the locking member can be a stop pin, a locking screw, or other structures, with the preferred embodiment being a locking screw due to its ease of operation.
[0010] As an improvement to the above solution, the present invention further includes at least two limiting supports fixed to the top surface of the base. By adding limiting brackets to the base to form a limiting fit with the initial hole at the bottom of the workpiece, the stability between the base and the workpiece during positioning is improved, ensuring that the two do not deviate relative to each other during positioning.
[0011] The present invention also discloses a method for making holes in an aircraft curved surface laminated structure using the above-mentioned hole-making auxiliary device for the aircraft curved surface laminated structure, which is carried out according to the following steps:
[0012] S1. Drill an initial hole in a workpiece having a curved laminated structure, place the base on a stable horizontal surface and secure it, and allow a guide rod to pass through the initial hole machined in the workpiece, with the outer circumference of the guide rod not in contact with the wall of the initial hole;
[0013] S2. Place the jig assembled with the outer support on the curved surface of the workpiece, pass the guide rod through the guide channel of the jig, ensure that the guide rod and the guide channel are on the same axis, and install the guide rod nut to lock the guide rod;
[0014] S3. Rotate the outer support so that the support foot at the bottom of the outer support maintains stable contact with the curved surface of the workpiece, and lock the outer support and the drilling jig with the locking piece;
[0015] S4. After loosening the guide rod nut and removing the guide rod and base, use the drill template to perform drilling operations.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention guides the drill bit during hole making by setting a drill template with a guide channel, and uses the guide rod on the base to pass through the initial hole on the workpiece to position the drill template, and the guide rod passes through the initial hole and the guide channel of the drill template so that the initial hole and the guide channel of the drill hole are coaxially aligned, and the guide rod, the guide channel in the drill template and the initial hole are all on the same central axis, and then adjusted to a state where they can stably support the curved surface of the workpiece through the movable outer support, and the outer support is fixed to the drill template using a locking piece so that the outer support and the drill template are relatively fixed, so that subsequent drilling work can be positioned, and during subsequent hole expansion, the positioning of the outer support and the drilling guidance of the drill template can be used to ensure that the verticality of the final hole is qualified, thereby improving the hole making quality and the qualified rate, and reducing the out-of-tolerance and rework rate of hole making; the hole making auxiliary device adopted by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which can reduce the excessive requirements on the operator's skills. At the same time, the present invention has good adjustability and can adapt to the hole making needs of different hole diameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a workpiece having a curved laminated structure;
[0018] Figure 2 An axonometric view of a hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved laminate structure;
[0019] Figure 3 It is a front view of a hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved laminate structure;
[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the outer support and the drilling jig;
[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the coordination between the hole-making auxiliary device and the workpiece for the aircraft curved surface laminate structure;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the auxiliary hole-making device and the workpiece of the aircraft curved surface laminate structure after the base and guide rods are removed.
[0023] Markings in the figure are: 100-workpiece, 110-workpiece connector, 200-base, 210-limit fulcrum, 300-outer support, 310-locking piece, 320-support foot, 330-guide rod, 340-guide rod nut, 400-drilling jig, 410-drilling guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", and "inside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.
[0026] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the hole-making auxiliary device for the aircraft curved surface laminated structure disclosed in the present invention includes a base 200, an outer support 300 and a drilling jig 400. A guide rod 330 is fixed on the base 200, and the guide rod 330 is vertically fixed on the base 200. The drilling jig 400 and the outer support 300 are assembled into a relatively movable positioning structure, and a guide channel is provided through the drilling jig 400. The drilling jig 400 is used to guide and limit the drill bit during hole making. The drill bit extends to the drilling position through the guide channel in the drilling jig 400 to perform drilling work; a plurality of supporting legs 320 are fixed to the bottom of the outer support 300, and the outer support 300 can be supported on the outer curved surface of the aircraft curved surface laminated structure that needs to be holed, that is, the workpiece 100, through the supporting legs 320. The outer support 30 0 can be fixed to the drilling jig 400 by the locking member 310; the position and angle of the supporting foot 320 on the outer support 300 can be adjusted by the relative movement between the drilling jig 400 and the outer support 300; the aperture of the guide channel in the drilling jig 400 is slightly larger than the guide rod 330, and the outer diameter of the guide rod 330 is slightly smaller than the aperture of the initial hole on the workpiece 100. The guide rod 330 forms a clearance fit with the initial hole and the guide channel in the drilling jig 400, so that the guide rod 330 can pass through the initial hole on the workpiece 100 and the guide channel of the drilling jig 400.
[0027] In order to improve the adaptability of the present invention and enable the outer support 300 to move in a wider range, the present invention further sets the drilling jig 400 as a spherical drilling jig with a spherical outer surface. At the same time, a spherical cavity compatible with the spherical drilling jig is set inside the outer support 300 so that the outer support 300 and the drilling jig 400 can cooperate to form a universal support. The outer support 300 can rotate in multiple ranges relative to the drilling jig 400, so that the supporting legs 300 at the bottom of the outer support 300 can achieve a wider range of support angles.
[0028] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in order to ensure that the guide rod 330 remains stable and does not deflect after cooperating with the guide channel of the drilling jig 400, the present invention adds a guide rod nut 340 to lock the guide rod 330, and a threaded section is provided on the end of the guide rod 330 that is not connected to the base 200, that is, the end of the guide rod 330 extending from the guide channel of the drilling jig 400, so that the guide rod 330 can form a threaded cooperation with the guide rod nut 340, and at the same time, the outer diameter of the guide rod nut 340 is limited to be larger than the aperture of the guide channel in the drilling jig 400. After the drilling jig 400 is positioned by the guide rod 330, the guide rod nut 340 can be installed on the threaded section of the guide rod 330 and the guide rod 330 is fixed by the locking action of the guide rod nut 340, thereby ensuring that the guide rod 330 will not deflect during the subsequent adjustment of the outer support 300, and ensuring that the guide rod 330 is always located on the same central axis as the guide channel in the drilling jig 400 and the initial hole on the workpiece 100. Furthermore, a drilling jig guide sleeve 410 can be added to the drilling jig 400 to improve the guiding effect of the drill bit. The drilling guide sleeve 410 is coaxially arranged and connected to the guide channel in the drilling jig 400; after the drilling jig guide sleeve 410 is set, the guide rod 330 passes through the guide channel and the drilling guide sleeve 410 in turn. At this time, the guide rod nut 340 is used to lock the guide rod 330 on the drilling guide sleeve 410, and the outer diameter of the guide rod nut 340 should be larger than the aperture of the drilling guide sleeve 410.
[0029] The present invention employs a stop pin or a locking screw as the locking member 310, with the convenient locking screw being the preferred embodiment. When a locking screw is employed, a threaded through-hole is provided on the outer support 300 to engage the locking screw's threads. One end of the locking screw passes through the threaded through-hole and abuts against the outer surface of the jig 400. After adjusting the outer support 300, the locking screw can be tightened against the outer surface of the jig 400 by turning the locking screw, quickly securing the outer support 300 to the jig 400.
[0030] Since it is necessary to drill a preliminary hole on the inner nut surface of the workpiece 100 in advance when making a hole, in order to improve the stability of the base 200 and the guide rod 330 on the base 200, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the present invention utilizes the initial hole to set corresponding limit fulcrums 210 on the base 200, and multiple limit fulcrums 210 are arranged in a circle, and the guide rod 330 is located at the center of the circle; when the guide rod 330 passes through the initial hole of the workpiece 100, the limit fulcrum 210 on the base 200 can be used to abut against the hole wall of the initial hole to form a limit fit, thereby ensuring that no relative movement occurs between the base 200 and the workpiece 100, and the guide rod 330 can also be positioned by the limiting action of the limit fulcrum 210 to ensure that the guide rod 330 and the initial hole processed on the workpiece 100 are on the same central axis.
[0031] The present invention also discloses a hole-making method using the hole-making auxiliary device of the aircraft curved surface laminate structure. The hole-making is performed according to the following steps:
[0032] S1. Drilling a primary hole on the inner nut surface of the workpiece 100 having a curved laminated structure, such as Figure 5 As shown, the base 200 is placed on a stable horizontal surface and fixed, and the guide rod 330 is passed through the primary hole machined on the workpiece 100. At the same time, the limiting support point 210 on the base 200 can be inserted into the primary hole and abutted against the hole wall of the primary hole. The guide rod 330 is positioned to ensure that the outer peripheral surface of the guide rod 330 does not contact the hole wall of the primary hole. The guide rod 330 and the primary hole of the workpiece 100 are on the same central axis. The base 200 and the workpiece 100 can also be fixed with auxiliary materials such as adhesive.
[0033] S2, such as Figure 5 As shown, the jig 400 assembled with the outer support 300 is placed on the outer curved surface of the workpiece 100, and the guide rod 330 is passed through the guide channel of the jig 400, ensuring that the guide rod 330 and the guide channel are on the same central axis. Then, the guide rod nut 340 is sleeved on the guide rod 330 and the guide rod nut 340 is tightened to lock the guide rod 330.
[0034] S3, such as Figure 5 As shown, the outer support 300 is rotated so that the supporting legs 320 at the bottom of the outer support 300 are all supported on the curved surface of the workpiece 100 and maintain stable contact, and then the outer support 300 and the drilling jig 400 are locked and fixed by the locking member 310;
[0035] S4, such as Figure 6 As shown, the guide rod nut 340 is removed to separate the guide rod 330 from the drilling jig 400 and the workpiece 100, and the base 200 is removed. Then, the drilling jig 400 can be used to expand the hole and complete the hole making work.
Claims
1. A method for making holes in a laminated structure of an aircraft curved surface, characterized by: The invention discloses a hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved surface laminated structure for hole-making; the hole-making auxiliary device for an aircraft curved surface laminated structure comprises a base (200), an outer support (300) and a drilling jig (400); the drilling jig (400) is arranged in the outer support (300) and movably cooperates with the outer support (300); a locking member (310) for fixing the outer support (300) and the drilling jig (400) relative to each other is provided on the outer support (300); a plurality of supporting legs (320) are fixed to the bottom of the outer support (300); a guide rod (310) is provided through the drilling jig (400); The base (200) is fixed with a guide rod (330) that is in clearance fit with the guide channel; the drill jig (400) is a spherical drill jig, and the outer surface of the drill jig (400) is a spherical surface; the outer support (300) is provided with a spherical through hole that is adapted to the drill jig (400), and the outer support (300) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the drill jig (400) to form a rotational fit; the end of the guide rod (330) that is not connected to the base (200) is provided with a threaded section, and the threaded section is threadedly connected to a guide rod nut (340), and the outer diameter of the guide rod nut (340) is larger than the aperture of the guide channel; The hole making method is carried out in the following steps: S1. Drilling an initial hole on a workpiece (100) having a curved laminated structure, placing the base (200) on a stable horizontal surface and fixing it, so that the guide rod (330) passes through the initial hole machined on the workpiece (100), and the outer peripheral surface of the guide rod (330) does not contact the hole wall of the initial hole; S2. Place the jig (400) assembled with the outer support (300) on the curved surface of the workpiece (100), pass the guide rod (330) through the guide channel of the jig (400), ensure that the guide rod (330) and the guide channel are on the same axis, and install the guide rod nut (340) to lock the guide rod (330); S3, rotating the outer support (300) so that the support foot (320) at the bottom of the outer support (300) maintains stable contact with the curved surface of the workpiece (100), and locking the outer support (300) and the drilling jig (400) with the locking member (310); S4. After loosening the guide rod nut (340) and removing the guide rod (330) and the base (200), drilling is performed with the drilling jig (400).
2. The method for making holes in a laminated structure of an aircraft curved surface according to claim 1, wherein: The aircraft curved surface laminated structure hole-making auxiliary device further comprises a drilling guide sleeve (410) fixed on the drilling jig (400), the drilling guide sleeve (410) being coaxially arranged and connected to a guide channel in the drilling jig (400), the guide rod (330) passing through the guide channel and the drilling guide sleeve (410) in sequence and then being threadedly connected to the guide rod nut (340), the outer diameter of the guide rod nut (340) being larger than the hole diameter of the drilling guide sleeve (410).
3. The method for making holes in a laminated structure of an aircraft curved surface according to claim 1, wherein: The locking member (310) in the hole-making auxiliary device of the aircraft curved surface laminated structure is a locking screw, and a threaded through hole that matches the thread of the locking screw is provided on the outer support (300). One end of the locking screw can pass through the threaded through hole and abut against the outer surface of the drilling template (400).
4. The method for making holes in a laminated structure of an aircraft curved surface according to claim 1, wherein: The adopted aircraft curved surface laminated structure hole-making auxiliary device further comprises at least two position-limiting fulcrums (210) fixed on the top surface of the base (200).