A flexible weld full protection device and welding method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flexible weld full protection device and a welding method, comprising: a protective cover, a first protective gas pipeline and a partition, wherein the lower part and the front end of the protective cover are respectively formed with openings, the partition is located inside the protective cover and fixed to the protective cover, the partition divides the interior of the protective cover into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the protective cover and the partition are retractable, and the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline is located inside the lower cavity. The compressed air of the present invention enters the upper cavity after blowing under the protective lens, and flows in the upper cavity to generate negative pressure, thereby sucking the welding smoke with a higher temperature into the upper cavity, so that the welding smoke leaves the top of the welding point, reducing the adverse effects of the welding smoke on the weld and preventing the welding smoke from blocking the laser emitted by the laser head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of weld protection, in particular to a flexible weld full protection device and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding has the advantages of highly concentrated energy, small heat-affected zone, and small post-weld deformation. It has been widely used in metal industries such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and titanium alloy. During the laser welding process, if the easily oxidized metal weld is not effectively protected, it is easy to oxidize and ablate, and even affect the weld performance. Commonly used coaxial protection devices or side-blowing protection devices can only ensure that the liquid molten pool and molten droplet metal are effectively protected, while the weld metal that has just solidified after welding and the high-temperature near-seam area are not effectively protected. When the newly solidified weld metal and the high-temperature near-seam area are cooled in the atmospheric environment, they react with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. in the air, causing oxidation discoloration at the mildest, and even causing weld embrittlement and reduced weld plasticity in severe cases.

[0003] At the same time, the welding smoke generated during welding is located above the welded parts, which will affect the quality of the weld, block the laser emitted by the laser head to cause a decrease in output energy, and damage the respiratory system of nearby workers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a flexible weld full protection device and a welding method, which solve the problems of weld oxidation discoloration and performance degradation.

[0005] A flexible weld full protection device comprises: a protective cover, a first protective gas pipeline and a partition, wherein the lower part and the front end of the protective cover are respectively formed with openings, the partition is located inside the protective cover and is fixed to the protective cover, the partition divides the interior of the protective cover into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the protective cover and the partition are capable of extension and contraction, and the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline is located inside the lower cavity.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a compressed air pipeline, and the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline is located inside the upper cavity.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first guide plate, the first guide plate is located on the front side of the protective cover, the rear side of the first guide plate is higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate is connected to the upper cavity;

[0008] It also includes a second guide plate, the second guide plate is located above the first guide plate, and the compressed air pipeline passes through the second guide plate and is fixedly connected to the second guide plate;

[0009] The first guide plate and the second guide plate are respectively fixed relative to the front end position of the protective cover.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, it also includes a first fixed frame and a second fixed frame, the front and rear ends of the protective cover are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixed frame.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame, the first baffle shields the rear end of the lower cavity, the second baffle is fixedly connected to the first fixing frame, and the second baffle shields the front end of the lower cavity;

[0012] It also includes an air outlet pipe, the rear end of the first protective gas pipeline passes through the first baffle, the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline, the air outlet pipe is located inside the lower cavity with the air outlet facing downward, and the air outlet pipe is fixed relative to the first fixed frame.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes side panels, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first guide plate and the second guide plate, and the upper and lower sides of the side panels are respectively fixedly connected to the second guide plate and the first guide plate, and the first guide plate, the second guide plate and the two side panels form an air intake channel.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the protective cover is an accordion-type protective cover, the partition is a folding plate, and the first protective gas duct is retractable.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a sealing strip, and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing strip.

[0016] A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: placing the welded part on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the welded part;

[0018] Step S2: Connect the laser head to the front end of the protective cover, fix the rear end of the protective cover to the welding table, and connect the rear end of the lower cavity to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device;

[0019] Step S3: Compressed air is introduced into the air inlet of the laser head, and the compressed air leaves the air inlet after passing under the protective lens of the laser head, and enters the upper cavity through the compressed air pipeline;

[0020] Passing protective gas into the first protective gas pipeline and the second protective gas pipeline;

[0021] Step S4: the laser head moves along the welding direction to weld the welded part, the first shielding gas pipeline and the front end of the shield follow the front and rear sides of the laser head respectively, and the shield covers the top of the weld;

[0022] Step S5: After welding is completed, the shielding gas of the first shielding gas pipeline and the second shielding gas pipeline and the compressed air of the air inlet are disconnected, and the laser head is shut down.

[0023] On the basis of the above technical solution, if the welding direction changes, limiting sliders are provided on both sides of the place where the welding direction changes before welding, and the limiting sliders are used to limit the protective cover;

[0024] If the weld needs to be cooled quickly, the cooled shielding gas is introduced into the second shielding gas pipeline.

[0025] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. After welding, a protective atmosphere is formed in the newly solidified weld metal and the high-temperature near-seam area, and a retractable protective cover is used to cover all welds, so that the entire weld is fully protected during the cooling process to prevent oxidation, discoloration and performance degradation of the weld;

[0027] 2. After the compressed air passes under the protective lens, it enters the upper cavity and flows in the upper cavity to generate negative pressure, thereby sucking the welding smoke with higher temperature into the upper cavity and making the welding smoke leave the top of the welding point, reducing the adverse effect of welding smoke on the weld and preventing welding smoke from blocking the laser emitted by the laser head;

[0028] 3. The airflow ejected from the second shielding gas pipe is convenient for separating the welding fume and shielding gas with temperature difference, thus reducing the amount of shielding gas sucked into the upper cavity;

[0029] 4. For welded parts that need to be cooled rapidly, the shielding gas of the second shielding gas pipe is cooled and then ejected, so that the temperature difference between the shielding gas and welding fume is larger while cooling the weld, so that the two can be better separated;

[0030] 5. The protective cover is flexible and can bend under the limit of the limit slider to adapt to the curved welding direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 : Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle;

[0034] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 : Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 5 : The third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the top view of the limit slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a flexible weld full protection device, including: a protective cover 1, a first protective gas pipeline 2 and a partition 10, the lower part and the front end of the protective cover 1 are respectively formed with openings, the partition 10 is located inside the protective cover 1 and is fixed to the protective cover 1, the partition 10 divides the interior of the protective cover 1 into an upper cavity 11 and a lower cavity 12, the protective cover 1 and the partition 10 can be telescopic, and the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline 2 is located inside the lower cavity 12.

[0044] On the basis of the above technical solution, a compressed air pipeline 5 is further included, and the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline 5 is located inside the upper cavity 11. Preferably, the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline 5 is located at the front part of the upper cavity 11.

[0045] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first guide plate 3, which is located on the front side of the protective cover 1, the rear side of the first guide plate 3 is higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate 3 is connected to the upper cavity 11; the first guide plate 3 plays a role in guiding the welding smoke.

[0046] It also includes a second guide plate 4, which is located above the first guide plate 3, and the compressed air pipeline 5 passes through the second guide plate 4 and is fixedly connected to the second guide plate 4;

[0047] The first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4 are respectively fixed relative to the front end position of the protective cover 1 .

[0048] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first fixed frame 13 and a second fixed frame 14, the front and rear ends of the protective cover 1 are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame 13 and the second fixed frame 14 respectively, and the first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4 are fixedly connected to the first fixed frame 13 respectively.

[0049] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a first baffle 15 and a second baffle 31, the first baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame 14, the first baffle 15 blocks the rear end of the lower cavity 12, the second baffle 31 is fixedly connected to the first fixed frame 13, and the second baffle 31 blocks the front end of the lower cavity 12;

[0050] It also includes an air outlet pipe 21. The rear end of the first protective gas pipeline 2 passes through the first baffle 15. The air outlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected and communicated with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline 2. The air outlet pipe 21 is located inside the lower cavity 12 with the air outlet facing downward. The position of the air outlet pipe 21 is fixed relative to the first fixed frame 13.

[0051] On the basis of the above technical solution, it further includes side plates 41, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first guide plate 3 and the second guide plate 4, and the upper and lower sides of the side plates 41 are respectively fixedly connected to the second guide plate 4 and the first guide plate 3, and the first guide plate 3, the second guide plate 4 and the two side plates 41 form an air intake channel. The air intake channel reduces the diffusion of welding smoke and allows as much smoke as possible to enter the air intake channel and the upper cavity 11.

[0052] Based on the above technical solution, the protective cover 1 is an accordion-type protective cover, and the first protective gas pipeline 2 is retractable. The first protective gas pipeline 2 is a spring tube. Preferably, the protective cover 1 and the partition 10 are made of aluminum foil, and the partition 10 is a folding plate.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, it further comprises a sealing strip 6, and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover 1 are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing strip 6. Preferably, the shape of the sealing strip 6 is adapted to the shape of the protective cover 1, which is a zigzag shape, and the sealing strip 6 is foldable.

[0054] A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step S1: placing the welding part 9 on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the welding part 9;

[0056] Step S2: Connect the laser head 7 to the front end of the protective cover 1, fix the rear end of the protective cover 1 to the welding table, and connect the rear end of the lower cavity 12 to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device; preferably, the second fixing frame 14 or the first baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the welding table.

[0057] Step S3: compressed air is introduced into the air inlet 71 of the laser head 7, and the compressed air passes under the protective lens 73 of the laser head 7 and leaves from the air inlet 71, and enters the upper cavity 11 through the compressed air pipeline 5;

[0058] Passing protective gas into the first protective gas pipeline 2 and the second protective gas pipeline 8; preferably, the protective gas is argon;

[0059] Step S4: The laser head 7 moves along the welding direction to weld the weldment 9, and the first protective gas pipeline 2 and the front end of the protective cover 1 follow the laser head 7 at the front and rear sides respectively, and the protective cover 1 covers the top of the weld 91; preferably, the laser head 7 is fixedly connected or hinged to the front end of the protective cover 1, the second guide plate 4 or the first fixed frame 13;

[0060] Step S5: After welding is completed, the shielding gas of the first shielding gas pipeline 2 and the second shielding gas pipeline 8 and the compressed air of the air inlet 71 are disconnected, and the laser head 7 is shut down. Preferably, the shielding gas of the first shielding gas pipeline 2 is finally disconnected after the weld is basically cooled, so as to maintain the shielding gas concentration in the lower cavity 12.

[0061] Based on the above technical solution, if the welding direction is changed (such as Figure 6 As shown), before welding, limit sliders 16 are set on both sides of the place where the welding direction changes, and the protective cover 1 moves between the limit sliders 16 on both sides and contacts with the limit sliders 16. The limit slider 16 is used to limit the protective cover 1; the limit slider 16 is fixed relative to the welding table or rotates around its own axis.

[0062] If the weld 91 needs to be cooled quickly, the cooled shielding gas is introduced into the second shielding gas pipeline 8, and the temperature of the shielding gas is lower than the room temperature.

[0063] Working principle:

[0064] During welding, compressed air blows through the bottom of the protective lens 73 to blow the welding smoke generated by welding away from the bottom of the protective lens 73 to prevent smoke particles from covering the protective lens 73 and causing laser obstruction; the compressed air carries the welding smoke and leaves the laser head 7 from the air outlet 72. After that, the compressed air passes through the vent pipe and the compressed air pipeline 5 in sequence, and the compressed air flows from the front to the back after leaving the outlet of the compressed air pipeline 5. The compressed air pipeline 5 flows at a high speed in the upper cavity 11 to generate negative pressure, thereby sucking the smoke away from above the welding point, and the smoke moves from the front to the back in the upper cavity 11 until it enters the exhaust gas treatment device for treatment.

[0065] During welding, the argon gas ejected from the second shielding gas pipe 8 forms an air layer above the welding point that flows from front to back, thereby separating the welding smoke from the welding point. It should be noted that the temperature of the smoke generated by welding is high, while the temperature of the argon gas is lower than that of the smoke, which is conducive to the stratification of the two; at the same time, the high-temperature smoke will spontaneously move upward, which is conducive to the smoke being sucked into the upper cavity 11.

[0066] After passing through the welding position, the argon gas passes through the gap between the first guide plate 3 and the welding part 9, and plays a role in protecting the weld 91. It should be noted that there is a gap between the second baffle plate 31 and the welding part 9, so as not to block the weld 91, and the shielding gas overflowing from the gap will go between the first guide plate 3 and the second baffle plate 31 to protect the weld 91.

[0067] The gas outlet pipe 21 sprays shielding gas (such as argon) downward, so that the upper part of the weld 91 is shielding gas instead of air, which prevents the newly solidified weld 91 from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. in the air. Since the lower end opening of the protective cover 1 is blocked by the welding part 9, and the sealing strip 6 is in contact with the upper surface of the welding part 10, the sealing effect is further enhanced. At this time, the shielding gas in the lower cavity 12 can only overflow through the gap between the front second baffle 31 and the welding part 9, thereby reducing the shielding gas overflowing from the lower cavity 12 and increasing the shielding gas content in the upper part of the weld 91.

[0068] The first shielding gas pipeline 2 can be introduced with hot shielding gas or hot air to achieve slow cooling of the weld, which is targeted at welding of high-alloy steels such as nickel-based steels; the first shielding gas pipeline 2 can be introduced with cooling water to achieve rapid cooling of the weld, which is targeted at welding of high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel that have requirements on weld structure.

[0069] It should be noted that the protective cover 1 and the first protective gas pipeline 2 can be extended and retracted along a straight line or a curve.

[0070] It should be noted that the term “telescopic” in the present application means that the distance between the two ends of components such as the protective cover 1 , the protective gas duct 2 , and the partition 10 can be changed.

[0071] The present invention is described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any changes or modifications made based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible weld full protection device, characterized in that: include: A protective cover (1), a first protective gas pipeline (2) and a partition (10), wherein the protective cover (1) is respectively formed with openings at the bottom and the front end thereof, the partition (10) is located inside the protective cover (1) and is fixed to the protective cover (1), the partition (10) divides the interior of the protective cover (1) into an upper cavity (11) and a lower cavity (12), the protective cover (1) and the partition (10) are capable of being retracted, and the gas outlet of the first protective gas pipeline (2) is located inside the lower cavity (12); It also includes a compressed air pipeline (5), wherein the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline (5) is located inside the upper cavity (11); compressed air is introduced into the air inlet (71) of the laser head (7), the compressed air passes under the protective lens (73) of the laser head (7) and then leaves from the air outlet (72), and the compressed air enters the upper cavity (11) through the compressed air pipeline (5); It also comprises a first guide plate (3), the first guide plate (3) being located at the front side of the protective cover (1), the rear side of the first guide plate (3) being higher than the front side, and the top of the first guide plate (3) being connected to the upper cavity (11); It also comprises a second guide plate (4), the second guide plate (4) being located above the first guide plate (3); the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4) being fixed at respective front end positions relative to the protective cover (1); The rear end of the protective cover (1) is fixed and the protective cover (1) covers all the welds; The second protective gas pipeline (8) is located on the front side of the first guide plate (3), and the second protective gas pipeline (8) is filled with protective gas; It also comprises side plates (41), the two side plates (41) being respectively located on the left and right sides of the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4), the upper and lower sides of the side plates (41) being respectively fixedly connected to the second guide plate (4) and the first guide plate (3), and the first guide plate (3), the second guide plate (4) and the two side plates (41) forming an air intake passage.

2. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed air pipeline (5) passes through the second guide plate (4) and is fixedly connected to the second guide plate (4).

3. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a first fixing frame (13) and a second fixing frame (14), the front and rear ends of the protective cover (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13) and the second fixing frame (14), and the first guide plate (3) and the second guide plate (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13).

4. A flexible weld full protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a first baffle (15) and a second baffle (31), wherein the first baffle (15) is fixedly connected to the second fixing frame (14), the first baffle (15) shielding the rear end of the lower cavity (12), and the second baffle (31) is fixedly connected to the first fixing frame (13), the second baffle (31) shielding the front end of the lower cavity (12); It also comprises an air outlet pipe (21), the rear end of the first protective gas pipeline (2) passes through the first baffle (15), the air outlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the air outlet of the first protective gas pipeline (2), the air outlet pipe (21) is located inside the lower cavity (12) with the air outlet facing downwards, and the position of the air outlet pipe (21) is fixed relative to the first fixed frame (13).

5. The flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (1) is an accordion-type protective cover, the partition (10) is a folding plate, and the first protective gas pipeline (2) is retractable.

6. The flexible weld full protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a sealing strip (6), and the lower ends of both sides of the protective cover (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing strip (6).

7. A welding method using the flexible weld full protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: placing the welded part (9) on the welding table and cleaning the welding position of the welded part (9); Step S2: connecting the laser head (7) to the front end of the protective cover (1), fixing the rear end of the protective cover (1) to the welding table, and connecting the rear end of the lower cavity (12) to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device; Step S3: compressed air is introduced into the air inlet (71) of the laser head (7), the compressed air passes under the protective lens (73) of the laser head (7) and then leaves from the air outlet (72), and the compressed air enters the upper cavity (11) through the compressed air pipeline (5); Passing protective gas into the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the second protective gas pipeline (8); Step S4: the laser head (7) moves along the welding direction to weld the welded part (9), the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the front end of the protective cover (1) move with the laser head (7) at the front and rear sides respectively, and the protective cover (1) covers the top of the weld (91); Step S5: After welding is completed, the protective gas in the first protective gas pipeline (2) and the second protective gas pipeline (8) and the compressed air in the air inlet (71) are disconnected, and the laser head (7) is shut down.

8. The welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before welding, limiting sliders (16) are arranged on both sides of the position where the welding direction changes, and the limiting sliders (16) are used to limit the position of the protective cover (1); The cooled protective gas is introduced into the second protective gas pipeline (8).

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