A fire-retardant braided electronic cord for layered core-shell structures for fire rescue and a method of making the same

Abstract

This invention provides a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue and its preparation method. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope comprises multiple strands of core-spun composite yarns that extend continuously along the length of the rope in a repetitive braiding pattern, forming a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with cyclically repeating intersecting sensing points. The nodes formed by the intersection of two strands of core-spun composite yarns are sensing points, with a distance of 24–48 mm between them. Each core-spun composite yarn is wound with capacitive sensing fibers and inorganic fibers, and its diameter is 5–20 mm. A core-sheath structure is formed by the composite weaving of capacitive sensing fibers and inorganic fibers. Due to the flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties of inorganic fibers and by adjusting the unique structural design of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope, a layered core-shell structure is adopted to maintain stable pressure sensing performance at high temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic braided rope technology, and in particular to a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent decades, significant improvements have been made in material development and utilization, structural design, functional finishing, and processing technology, enhancing the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of ropes. Organic fiber materials (aramid, polypropylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) and metallic materials have shown promising application potential in fire rescue ropes. While these organic and metallic materials do improve the mechanical properties of ropes, their functionality remains limited, and the efficiency of escape for trapped personnel and search and rescue by firefighters has not significantly increased. To address the limitation of rope functionality, state-of-the-art textiles, such as electronic ropes woven with designable and scalable capacitive strain sensors, have been proposed for human-machine interaction. For example, Chinese patent CN115540915A discloses an electronic braided rope and a flexible intelligent interactive device. However, the aforementioned braided ropes can only achieve interaction at room temperature and cannot adapt to extreme fire environment temperatures. Therefore, the optimal fire rescue rope for extreme fire environments should exhibit a combination of superior fire protection / heat insulation and sensing / information transmission to achieve efficient fire rescue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue, along with its preparation method and application.

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Manufacturing core-spun composite yarns

[0006] The high-speed rope weaving method is used to wind inorganic fibers onto a yarn bobbin, which is then fixed onto the yarn disc of a high-speed weaving machine. Capacitive sensing yarn is wound onto a constant yarn bobbin and fed into the center of the high-speed weaving machine through a pre-tightening device. Multiple inorganic fibers interweave to form a braided body, which is then wrapped with capacitive sensing yarn as the disc rotates to form a core-spun composite yarn.

[0007] S2, Manufacturing flame-retardant braided electronic rope

[0008] The core-spun composite yarn is wound onto a yarn bobbin using a winding machine and fixed onto the yarn spool of a high-speed braiding machine. Meanwhile, another portion of the core-spun composite yarn is wound onto multiple constant bobbins and fed into the center of the high-speed braiding machine via a pre-tensioning device. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope is then obtained by braiding with the high-speed braiding machine.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the inorganic fibers are continuously supplied by the rotation of the yarn bobbin. The number of yarn bobbins required for winding the yarn depends on the number of yarn feeding bobbins, which is 8-16, and the number of constant yarn bobbins is 1-8.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the number of turns of the inorganic fiber winding is 3000-5000 turns.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 5-25 r / min, a winding speed of 0.5-5 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 60-120 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the number of yarn bobbins required for winding the yarn depends on the number of yarn feed bobbins, which is 8-64, and the number of constant yarn bobbins is 0-8. A portion of the core-spun composite yarn is wound onto the yarn bobbins using a winding machine, with the number of winding turns being 500-1000.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 5-25 r / min, a winding speed of 0.5-5 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 60-120 mm.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue, prepared by the above-described method. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope comprises multiple strands of core-spun composite yarns that extend continuously along the length of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope in a repetitive braiding pattern, forming a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with cyclically repeating intersecting sensing points. The nodes formed by the intersection of two strands of the core-spun composite yarns are sensing points, with a distance of 24–48 mm between them. Each strand of the core-spun composite yarn is wound with capacitive sensing fibers and inorganic fibers, and its diameter is 5–20 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of sensing points satisfies the following formula: C p =(n 2 -n) / 2, where C p represents the total number of sensing points, and n represents the number of strands in the core-spun composite yarn unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the capacitive sensing fiber includes one or more of the following: carbonaceous material, natural fiber coated with a conductive metal material, synthetic fiber coated with a conductive metal material, metal wire, metal yarn, conductive polymer, and liquid metal.

[0017] Furthermore, the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, quartz glass fiber, boron fiber, basalt fiber, alumina fiber, silicon nitride fiber, and silicon carbide fiber.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The method provided by this invention uses a core-sheath structure formed by composite weaving of capacitive sensing fibers and inorganic fibers. Due to the flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties of inorganic fibers and the unique structural design of the flame-retardant woven electronic rope, a layered core-shell structure is adopted to maintain stable pressure sensing performance at high temperatures. Although the sensing function cannot be realized under full contact with flame, the connected light-emitting diode can be used as a basis for damage judgment, thereby realizing the high-temperature alarm function.

[0020] (2) The flame-retardant braided electronic rope used for fire rescue is woven from core-spun composite yarns, with conductive yarn as the core and basalt yarn as the shell. Furthermore, based on various weaving techniques, it can incorporate more contact matrices and greater strength. While utilizing its mechanical properties, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope also transmits information about the number and location of people awaiting rescue at the scene. Therefore, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope can effectively shorten rescue time. More importantly, based on the flame-retardant braided electronic rope, an escape and rescue system capable of accurately locating personnel and assisting in search and rescue has been established. This system can be used for real-time route guidance to aid in personnel evacuation under extreme fire conditions.

[0021] (3) At the same time, when the trapped person performs regular patting, pressing, long pressing, rotating, sliding, pinching, grabbing and other actions on the present invention, regular capacitance changes can be generated and rescue information can be provided to the firefighters for rescue mission through receiving and transmitting devices, thereby improving rescue efficiency.

[0022] (4) The present invention can also be connected to a signal transmission device in segments. When a person is trapped in a certain place, the signal transmission device of that segment can transmit signals when the person performs regular actions such as patting, pressing, long pressing, rotating, sliding, pinching, and grabbing on the present invention, thereby enabling firefighters to collect the location of the trapped person and monitor the escape in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for weaving the flame-retardant braided electronic rope of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the braided structure of a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with distributed sensing points;

[0025] Figure 3 A diagram showing the distribution of sensing points for FBERs with different braid counts and braid pitches;

[0026] Figure 4 A graph showing the relative capacitance variation of FBERs with different braid counts;

[0027] Figure 5 A graph showing the relative capacitance variation of FBER with different weaving pitches;

[0028] Figure 6 A graph showing the relative capacitance variation of FBER with different braiding diameters;

[0029] Figure 7 The graph shows the relative capacitance change of the optimized FBER at different temperatures over 900 seconds.

[0030] Figure 8 The graph shows the relative capacitance changes of CBCY with different packing densities at different temperatures (20-200℃).

[0031] Figure 9 The graph shows the relationship between the relative change in capacitance of FBER at 200℃ and the applied pressure.

[0032] Figure 10 A comparison of the dynamic capacitive response of FBER under loading / unloading cycles at different temperatures (25-200℃);

[0033] Figure 11 The graph shows the relative capacitance change (200℃) under different step pressures;

[0034] Figure 12 The graph shows the change in relative capacitance under different applied pressures at a high temperature of 200℃.

[0035] Figure 13 The response of the tactile sensor at different mechanical frequencies (200°C) is shown in the graph.

[0036] Figure 14 The durability of the FBER's capacitive response cycle between 25 and 200°C is shown in the graph.

[0037] Figure 15 The relative capacitance repeatability of FBER in repeated cooling and heating tests between 25 and 200 °C;

[0038] Figure 16 A flowchart of data acquisition and processing for FBER's fire rescue detection system;

[0039] Figure 17 The graph shows the relative capacitance change of FBER during repeated climbing cycles;

[0040] Figure 18 Three locations were used to simulate firefighters trapped in a high-rise building fire. The relative capacitance signal corresponding to the firefighter's location was used for a real-time route guidance map.

[0041] Figure 19 This is a fire warning test diagram for FBER when burning with an alcohol lamp flame at 1300℃. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The detailed manufacturing process of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope provided by this invention is as follows:

[0044] Basalt fibers are wound onto a yarn bobbin using a winding machine, and then the bobbin is fixed onto a high-speed braiding machine, with 3000 winding turns. Conductive silver yarn is wound onto a constant bobbin and fed into the center of the high-speed braiding machine via a pre-tensioning device. There are 16 feed bobbins and 1 constant bobbin. Multiple basalt fibers interweave to form a braided outer shell, which is then interwoven with the conductive silver yarn as the disc rotates. The high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 15 r / min, a winding speed of 3 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 80 mm. The reciprocating motion from one disc to another facilitates the tight wrapping of the basalt fiber bundles around the conductive silver yarn, forming a core-spun composite yarn.

[0045] Then, the core-spun composite yarn is wound onto a yarn bobbin using a winding machine and fixed onto a yarn spool on a high-speed braiding machine, with 1000 turns. The yarn is continuously supplied by the rotation of the yarn bobbin, and the number of bobbins required for winding depends on the number of feed bobbins. There are 8 feed bobbins and 0 constant bobbins. The high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 20 r / min, a winding speed of 5 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 24 mm. By changing the ratio of feed bobbins to constant bobbins and the various braiding parameters, flame-retardant braided electronic ropes of different specifications can be obtained. Theoretically, the more core-spun composite yarns there are, the more sensing points there are, and the higher the sensing efficiency.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the core-spun composite yarn is manufactured by weaving using high-speed rope braiding. Basalt filament bundles are sequentially wound onto a reel and fixed to an outer reel. Meanwhile, the core conductive yarn is wound onto a constant reel and fed in via a pre-tensioning device. As the reel rotates and the high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 15 rpm, a winding speed of 2 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 8 mm, the core shell produced by the basalt filament bundle is spirally interwoven onto the conductive yarn. Furthermore, the finished core-spun composite yarn is wound onto a bobbin and braided again as described above. The reciprocating motion from one reel to another facilitates the interconnection between the core-spun composite yarns during the formation of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope. A continuous supply of yarn is provided by a spindle on the yarn bobbin; the number of bobbins required for winding the yarn depends on the number of feed bobbins.

[0047] When the number of core-spun composite yarns is 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, the manufactured flame-retardant braided electronic ropes are named Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R4, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R5, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R6, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R7, and Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R8, respectively. For Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R8, when the braiding spacing of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope is 24, 32, 40, and 48 mm, the manufactured ropes are named Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-P24, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-P32, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-P40, and Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-P48, respectively. When the diameter of Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R8-P24 is 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm, the manufactured evaporators are named Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-D5, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-D10, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-D15, and Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-D20. When optimizing parameters of an orthogonal experiment, such as quantity, weaving spacing, and diameter, only one variable is adjusted while the other parameters remain unchanged.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] To observe the morphological structure of flame-retardant braided electronic ropes with different weaving parameters, such as... Figure 2 As shown, an 8-axis braided structure with sensing points and a repeating braided structure of a flame-retardant braided electronic rope are illustrated. The repeating braided structure is a multi-channel array from which columns are selected as channels. When subjected to pressure, changes in the distance and contact area between the interlaced core-spun composite yarns lead to an increase in capacitance. Each core-spun composite yarn is spirally distributed along the surface of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope, therefore the signal distribution of the sensing points in each channel is also spiral. To optimize the layered core-shell structure of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope, the relationship between the number of braided units (Nr), the length of the braided rope (Lr), the braiding pitch (BP), and the braiding angle (ω) was studied by testing the sensing point distribution under various structural designs. With the increase of the number of braids and the decrease of the braiding pitch, the average number of distributed sensing points gradually increases within a length range of 80 mm (the size of a normal adult palm) (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown). Although the diameter of the flame-retardant braided electronic cord increases with the braiding angle, the unstable conformation results in the least increase in the number of sensing points per unit length.

[0050] To further characterize the relative capacitance change of FBERs with different structural designs, including the number of braids, braid spacing, braid angle, and braid length, a pressure-sensing measurement platform was established. When the number of core-spun composite yarns was 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, the manufactured flame-retardant braided electronic ropes were named Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R4, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R5, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R6, Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R7, and Flame-Retardant Braided Electronic Rope-R8, respectively. Firstly, increasing the number of interlaced CBCY braids directly leads to an increase in the number of sensing points, and the relationship between them satisfies the following formula: Cp=(n 2 -n) / 2, where Cp and n represent the total number of sensing points and the woven core-spun composite yarn bundle (CBCY), respectively.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the results indicate that the flame-retardant braided electronic rope with eight axially braided core-spun composite yarns exhibits the highest relative capacitance response. For the flame-retardant braided electronic rope-R8, the ropes manufactured with braiding pitches of 24, 32, 40, and 48 mm were named flame-retardant braided electronic rope-P24, flame-retardant braided electronic rope-P32, flame-retardant braided electronic rope-P40, and flame-retardant braided electronic rope-P48, respectively.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the results indicate that adjusting the distribution of sensing points by changing the braiding spacing of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope affects the relative capacitance change of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope. When the braiding spacing is reduced to 24 mm, this unique structure achieves a maximum ΔC / C0 of 12.6%. Evaporators manufactured with flame-retardant braided electronic rope-R8-P24 diameters of 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm were named flame-retardant braided electronic rope-D5, flame-retardant braided electronic rope-D10, flame-retardant braided electronic rope-D15, and flame-retardant braided electronic rope-D20.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the relative capacitance signals and diameters of flame-retardant braided electronic ropes at different braiding angles are compared. The results show that the flame-retardant braided electronic ropes maintain a similar ΔC / C0 of 11.4% at different braiding angles. Therefore, the functional design of flame-retardant braided electronic ropes can be optimized for pressure sensing through textile technology.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Sensing errors caused by heat transfer can affect the practical application of flame-retardant braided electronic ropes. Therefore, stable pressure sensing performance at high temperatures can be maintained by adjusting the unique structural design of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope and adopting a layered core-shell structure. To study the sensing capability of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope at high temperatures, the sample was heated at different temperatures on a hot plate and loaded under different pressures.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, when faced with a wide temperature range of 50-200℃, the optimized flame-retardant braided electronic rope was selected for pressure stimulation, and the ΔC / C0 value of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope remained stable as the temperature increased.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, even when heated at a high temperature of 200°C for 900 seconds, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope only exhibits a small change in relative capacitance, with a capacitance loss of only 2.72%.

[0058] like Figure 9 As shown, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope exhibits high sensitivity even under harsh conditions (~200°C), reaching 0.133 kPa under pressures ranging from 0 to 30 kPa. -1 The pressure is 0.044 kPa under pressures ranging from 30 to 120 kPa. -1 Compared with other wearable electronic devices, its sensitivity and detection range (0-120 kPa) are sufficient for rescue and escape when typical grip pressure is applied to the flame-retardant braided electronic cord.

[0059] The capacitance characteristics of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope of the present invention are compared with those reported in existing literature, as shown in Table 1:

[0060] Table 1.

[0061]

[0062] like Figure 10 As shown, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope can adapt to different temperature ranges from 25℃ to 200℃ to identify corresponding pressures. The ΔC / C0 value decreases as the temperature increases. At 200℃, the signal strength is slightly reduced due to the influence of high temperature, demonstrating the sensing adaptability of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope over a wide temperature range.

[0063] like Figure 11 As shown, under constant step forces (15, 42, 60, 90 and 180 kPa), the change in relative capacitance shows an upward trend, indicating a stable inductive response for potential applications in fire rescue.

[0064] like Figure 12 As shown, the consistent and stable amplitude of ΔC / C0 values ​​under different specific pressures (6-150 kPa) demonstrates that even at 200°C, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope exhibits a stable and recoverable response to various loads.

[0065] like Figure 13As shown, the flame-retardant braided electronic rope exhibits a stable capacitive response at various mechanical frequencies after heating to a high temperature of 200°C. The durability of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope was evaluated through cyclic loading and release tests at a pressure of 120 kPa to verify the temperature range between 25 and 200°C.

[0066] like Figure 14 As shown, the functional design of the core-sheath structure and the stability of BFs enable the flame-retardant braided electronic rope to adapt to high temperatures, indicating that the flame-retardant braided electronic rope has good stability and repeatability.

[0067] like Figure 15 As shown, when the temperature changes from 25°C to 200°C, the peak value of the capacitance signal is effectively maintained under alternating heating / cooling temperatures.

[0068] Therefore, flame-retardant braided electronic ropes with high pressure sensitivity, wide pressure range, and rapid recovery are good candidates for use in fire rescue pressure sensing systems.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] In the event of a fire, trapped individuals must evacuate to higher floors or climb through windows to avoid the flames and thermal stress. The pervasive smoke from the fire inevitably hinders rescuers from accurately locating and monitoring the real-time movements of those trapped. These inadequate fire safety protections and inadequate proactive early warning mechanisms for trapped individuals can lead to rescue efforts stalling, failing, or even resulting in casualties. Therefore, the integration of real-time escape monitoring, accurate location acquisition, and high-temperature alarm functions is crucial for the fire safety protection of flame-retardant braided electronic ropes used in extreme environments.

[0071] like Figure 16 The diagram shows the principle of a rescue detection system based on a flame-retardant braided electronic rope applied to fire rescue. Capacitive signals are acquired and converted by a portable LCR meter and a data acquisition chip. Then, the signals are adjusted and processed using visualization software to obtain intuitive real-time motion data on a computer.

[0072] like Figure 17 As shown, the relative capacitance changes of the designed flame-retardant braided electronic rope during three typical fire escape climbing movements are illustrated, reflecting that the flame-retardant braided electronic rope can be used as a safety device to monitor escape routes in real time. The ΔC / C0 value represents the pressure on each helical sensing channel. The results show that the compression area and amplitude of local pressure can be recorded from the moment of alternating grabbing and climbing, which can be used to monitor escape activities. After signal processing of the integrated flame-retardant braided electronic rope using a multi-channel data acquisition method, the rescue position can be displayed in real time on the rescue terminal.

[0073] like Figure 18As shown, three marked locations are used to simulate firefighters climbing high-rise buildings for fire rescue. The rescue positioning system generates a relative capacitance signal by pressing a flame-retardant braided electronic rope during the climb, and the fire department can then identify the signal to determine the precise location of the climbing firefighter in a fire or other situation.

[0074] like Figure 19 As shown, the optimized flame-retardant braided electronic rope, positioned away from the alcohol lamp in the fire area, can achieve stable signal output. However, it loses its sensing function for a short period once the alcohol lamp flame exceeds 1300°C. The results indicate that the flame-retardant braided electronic rope can be integrated into high-temperature alarms and safety prediction systems for firefighters under extreme conditions.

[0075] In some embodiments, the method of forming an interactive cord with a flame-retardant braided electronic cord of the present invention may include sensing and receiving a signal to be interacted with, the signal to be interacted with being converted into a capacitance signal by the flame-retardant braided electronic cord; acquiring and detecting the capacitance signal; and transmitting the capacitance signal to a control module.

[0076] Specifically, in fire rescue applications, a flame-retardant braided electronic rope is connected to a detection module, which in turn is connected to a transmission module. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope is used to sense and receive signals to be interacted with, and converts these signals into capacitance signals. The detection module is used to collect and detect capacitance signals from the flame-retardant braided electronic rope. The transmission module is used to achieve a wireless connection between the flame-retardant braided electronic rope and a control module, transmitting the capacitance signals collected and detected by the detection module wirelessly to the firefighter's receiving terminal. The firefighter's receiving terminal is used to receive the signals and provide information about trapped personnel.

[0077] In specific implementation, the detection module can be a capacitive detection module; preferably, the transmission module is selected from one or more of NFC, Bluetooth, WiFi, ZigBee, LoRa, and NB IoT; the firefighter receiving terminal device is selected from one or more of mobile phones, tablets, computers, and other fibers with terminal functions.

[0078] The interaction method can be that the trapped person interacts with the intelligent interactive device through gesture recognition; preferably, the gesture recognition method is selected from one or more of the following: patting, pressing, long pressing, rotating, sliding, pinching, and grasping different positions of the intelligent interactive device.

[0079] For any points not covered above, existing technologies shall apply.

[0080] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the direction of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] The references cited in Table 1 of this invention are as follows:

[0082] [1]Lee J,Kwon H,Seo J,Shin S,Koo JH,Pang C,et al.Conductive Fiber-Based Ultrasensitive Textile Pressure Sensor for Wearable Electronics.AdvMater.2015;27(15):2433-9.

[0083] [2]Li S, Li R, Chen T, Xiao X. Highly sensitive and flexible capacitivepressure sensor enhanced by weaving of pyramidal concavities staggered inhoneycomb matrix. IEEE Sens J. 2020; 20(23): 14436-43.

[0084] [3] Zhang Q, Wang YL, Xia Y, Kirk TV, Chen

[0085] [4]Lipomi DJ,Vosgueritchian M,Tee BC,Hellstrom SL,Lee JA,Fox CH,etal.Skin-like pressure and strain sensors based on transparent elastic filmsof carbon nanotubes.Nat Nanotechnol.2011;6(12):788-92.

[0086] [5]Hu W,Niu X,Zhao R,Pei Q.Elastomeric transparent capacitive sensorsbased on an interpenetrating composite of silver nanowires andpolyurethane.Appl Phys Lett.2013;102(8):083303.

[0087] [6]Luo Y,Shao J,Chen S,Chen X,Tian H,Li X,et al.Flexible capacitivepressure sensor enhanced by tilted micropillar arrays.ACS Appl MaterInter.2019;11(19):17796-803.

[0088] [7]Atalay O,Atalay A,Gafford J,Walsh C.A highly sensitive capacitive-based soft pressure sensor based on a conductive fabric and a microporousdielectric layer.Adv Mater Technol.2018;3(1):1700237.

[0089] [8]Woo S-J,Kong J-H,Kim D-G,Kim J-M.A thin all-elastomeric capacitivepressure sensor array based on micro-contact printed elastic conductors.JMater Chem C.2014;2(22):4415-22.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with a layered core-shell structure for fire rescue, characterized in that, The flame-retardant braided electronic rope comprises multiple strands of core-spun composite yarn that extend continuously along the length of the rope in a repetitive braiding pattern, forming a flame-retardant braided electronic rope with cyclically repeating intersecting sensing points. The nodes formed by the intersection of two strands of the core-spun composite yarn serve as sensing points, with a distance of 24-48 mm between them. These sensing points maintain stable capacitive signal output in high-temperature environments through a layered core-shell structure, used for real-time information transmission in fire rescue. Each strand of the core-spun composite yarn is formed by winding capacitive sensing fibers and inorganic fibers, creating a layered core-shell structure to maintain stable pressure sensing performance in high-temperature environments, with a diameter of 5-20 mm. The capacitive sensing fibers include one or more of the following: carbonaceous materials, natural fibers coated with conductive metal materials, synthetic fibers coated with conductive metal materials, metal wires, metal yarns, conductive polymers, and liquid metal. The inorganic fibers are selected from one or more of the following: glass fiber, quartz glass fiber, boron fiber, basalt fiber, alumina fiber, silicon nitride fiber, and silicon carbide fiber. The preparation method of the flame-retardant braided electronic rope includes the following steps: S1. Manufacturing core-spun composite yarns The high-speed rope weaving method is used to wind inorganic fibers onto a yarn bobbin, which is then fixed onto the yarn disc of a high-speed weaving machine. Capacitive sensing fibers are wound onto a constant yarn bobbin and fed into the center of the high-speed weaving machine through a pre-tightening device. Multiple inorganic fibers interweave to form a braided body, which is then wrapped with capacitive sensing fibers as the disc rotates to form the core-spun composite yarn. S2, Manufacturing flame-retardant braided electronic rope The core-spun composite yarn is wound onto a yarn bobbin using a winding machine and fixed onto the yarn spool of a high-speed braiding machine. Meanwhile, another portion of the core-spun composite yarn is wound onto multiple constant bobbins and fed into the center of the high-speed braiding machine via a pre-tensioning device. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope is then obtained by braiding with the high-speed braiding machine.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the inorganic fibers are continuously supplied by the rotation of the yarn beams, and the number of yarn beams required to wind the inorganic fibers depends on the number of yarn feeders.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the inorganic fiber is wound 3000-5000 times.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 5-25 r / min, a winding speed of 0.5-5 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 60-120 mm.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the number of yarn bobbins required to wind the core-spun composite yarn depends on the number of yarn feed bobbins, and the core-spun composite yarn is wound 500-1000 times.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the high-speed braiding machine operates at a braiding speed of 5-25 r / min, a winding speed of 0.5-5 m / min, and a braiding spacing of 60-120 mm.

7. The flame-retardant braided electronic rope as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of sensing points satisfies the following formula: Cp=(n 2 -n) / 2, where Cp represents the total number of sensing points and n represents the number of strands in the core-spun composite yarn unit.

Images