An anti-blocking self-cleaning combine harvester

Abstract

A self-cleaning anti-blockage combine harvester proposed by the present invention includes a cutting table, a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a winnowing mechanism, a collection mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a power mechanism connected to the traveling mechanism, and a cab. The threshing mechanism includes a threshing assembly and a blanking assembly disposed below the threshing assembly; the threshing assembly is connected to a moving mechanism, and a separation assembly for splitting straw is disposed above the threshing assembly. The threshing assembly includes a threshing box, a threshing cylinder horizontally placed in the threshing box, a plurality of threshing teeth arranged in a linear array outside the threshing cylinder, and a driving shaft coaxially passing through the center of the threshing cylinder. An upper through hole and a feeding port are provided at the upper end of the threshing box. The self-cleaning anti-blockage combine harvester provided by the present invention avoids the technical problem of blockage when harvesting wheat, can be used in the case of a large wheat feeding amount, and also avoids the phenomenon of grain spillage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of harvesters, and particularly relates to a clogging-preventing and self-cleaning combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] At present, combine harvesters on the market are mainly divided into two types: semi-feed type and full-feed type. Both full-feed and semi-feed types have their own advantages. The semi-feed combine harvester adopts a vertical cutting table, and the full-feed combine harvester adopts a reel plus cutter mode to cut stalk plants. Due to the different cutting table structures, it directly relates to a series of problems such as the operation effect ratio, such as the cleaning degree of threshing, the impact on the quality of rice, and the utilization of straw.

[0003] During the combined harvesting of wheat, the operation progress often decreases due to the blockage of the drum. For example, traditional full-feed combine harvesters basically adopt an axial-flow drum threshing and separating device arranged horizontally. This arrangement is compact, and the operation performance is also good when the feeding amount is small. However, due to the horizontal arrangement of the threshing drum, restricted by the space position, the threshing drum cannot be too long. Therefore, such harvesters generally have the following problems: First, due to the short threshing drum, the threshing and separating capabilities are limited. When the feeding amount is slightly larger, the drum clogging effect will increase; Second, the material distribution on the cleaning sieve is uneven, and the cleaning effect is poor when the feeding amount is large. Mixed with the straw, the clogging problem becomes more serious. When the speed is slightly faster, even the phenomenon of grain running will occur. Therefore, this solution aims to solve the problem of how to avoid clogging during threshing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clogging-preventing and self-cleaning combine harvester, which solves the technical problem of how to avoid clogging during wheat harvesting, can be used in the case of a large wheat feeding amount, and also avoids the phenomenon of grain running.

[0005] A clogging-preventing and self-cleaning combine harvester includes a cutting table, a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a winnowing mechanism, a collecting mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a power mechanism connected to the traveling mechanism, and a cab. The threshing mechanism includes a threshing assembly and a blanking assembly arranged below the threshing assembly. The blanking assembly is arranged close to the winnowing mechanism, and the collecting mechanism is arranged close to the blanking assembly;

[0006] The threshing assembly is connected to a moving mechanism, and a separating assembly for splitting straw is arranged above the threshing assembly;

[0007] The winnowing mechanism is also connected to the blanking assembly.

[0008] The threshing assembly includes a threshing box, a threshing cylinder horizontally placed inside the threshing box, several threshing teeth arranged in a linear array outside the threshing cylinder, and a driving shaft coaxially passing through the center of the threshing cylinder. An upper through-hole and a feeding port are provided at the upper end of the threshing box. One end of the driving shaft is connected to the second motor, and the other end of the driving shaft is connected to the moving mechanism;

[0009] Several falling holes are provided on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box.

[0010] The moving mechanism includes a first moving rod and a second moving rod vertically fixed at both ends of the driving shaft respectively, an upper sliding rod and a lower sliding rod vertically and fixedly connected to both ends of the first moving rod respectively at one ends, and two telescopic cylinders vertically connected to both ends of the second moving rod at the free ends. The fixed ends of the two telescopic cylinders are respectively connected to both sides of the threshing box, and the second motor is arranged on the second moving rod;

[0011] The upper sliding rod and the lower sliding rod respectively slide through the end plate, and the end plate is closed at one end of the threshing box;

[0012] Fixed blocks are respectively and fixedly arranged on both sides of the threshing box, and the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder slides through the fixed block.

[0013] The separation assembly includes a vertical cylinder with the bottom end connected to the upper through-hole, a vertical shaft coaxially arranged in the vertical cylinder, a spiral blade arranged outside the vertical shaft, and a first motor connected to the top end of the vertical shaft. The vertical shaft is rotatably arranged inside the vertical cylinder.

[0014] The falling component includes a falling box arranged below the threshing box, a U-shaped plate arranged at one end of the falling box and below the second motor, a spiral feeding shaft inclinedly arranged in the falling box, and a third motor connected to one end of the spiral feeding shaft. Discharge ports are respectively arranged at both ends of the falling box, and the inner bottom surface of the falling box is an inclined surface;

[0015] A fixed rod is arranged below the falling box, and the fixed rod is connected to the receiving box.

[0016] The collection mechanism is arranged near both ends of the falling box; the collection mechanism includes a first conveying mechanism arranged below the U-shaped plate and a second conveying mechanism connected to the receiving box. The first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are respectively connected to a first collection box and a second collection box.

[0017] The air separation mechanism includes a connecting rod arranged on the connecting frame and a fan fixed on the connecting rod. The fan is arranged near the receiving box.

[0018] Both ends of the conveying mechanism are respectively connected to the cutting table and the feeding port.

[0019] The inner end of the lower slide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the push rod, and the push rod is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box.

[0020] The excellent technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The threshing assembly and the moving mechanism are provided, which can achieve the following technical effects at the same time:

[0022] First, under the action of the moving mechanism, the threshing drum can realize reciprocating motion while rotating, so that each area of the threshing drum can be more comprehensively exposed to the wheat, which speeds up the threshing efficiency and avoids the wheat being concentrated in a specific area for threshing, thus alleviating the blockage problem;

[0023] Secondly, under the action of the upper slide bar and the lower slide bar, not only the driving shaft is guided and limited, but also the inner ends of the upper slide bar and the lower slide bar have the function of pushing the blockage, so that the blocked straw moves to the outer end of the threshing box, avoiding the occurrence of blockage;

[0024] Third, due to the action of the moving mechanism, the reciprocating motion of the separation drum also realizes the effect of self-cleaning of the straw in the threshing box, and people do not need to disassemble the threshing box to achieve self-cleaning;

[0025] (2) A separation component is provided, and combined with a moving mechanism, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0026] First, when the obstruction moves to the outer end of the threshing box, the obstruction is rolled into the vertical cylinder under the action of the vertical shaft and the spiral blade, and the obstruction is separated, that is, one part enters the vertical cylinder, and the other part leaves the threshing box and enters the U-shaped plate;

[0027] Second, when the threshing drum moves away from the vertical drum, the vertical shaft moves in the opposite direction under the action of motor 1, so that the straw in the vertical drum falls down and enters the outlet of the threshing box. When the threshing drum reciprocates next time, this part of the straw is moved out of the threshing box and enters the U-shaped plate, achieving an anti-blocking effect without affecting the threshing process of wheat.

[0028] (3) A material dropping assembly is provided, which is used to receive the wheat grains and straw falling from the threshing box on the one hand, and can also separate the wheat grains and straw on the other hand, so that the wheat grains and straw are separated from the two ends of the material dropping box respectively, that is, the wheat grains can slide down along the material dropping box, and the straw can enter the conveying mechanism 1 through the U-shaped plate under the action of the spiral feeding shaft, which is convenient and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The structure of the combine harvester in the present invention is shown in FIG.Figure 1 .

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combine harvester in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing component and the moving mechanism in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blanking component in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation component in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding frame and the threshing box in the present invention.

[0036] Among them, the reference numerals are: 1. Cab; 2. Vertical cylinder; 3. First motor; 4. Vertical shaft; 41. Spiral blade; 5. Feeding frame; 6. Moving mechanism; 61. Upper sliding rod; 62. First moving rod; 63. Driving shaft; 631. Threshing cylinder; 632. Threshing teeth; 64. Lower sliding rod; 641. Pushing rod; 65. Telescopic cylinder; 66. Fixed block; 67. Second moving rod; 68. Second motor; 7. Threshing box; 71. Upper through hole; 72. Blanking hole; 73. Feeding port; 74. End plate; 8. Conveying mechanism; 9. Connecting frame; 10. Cutting table; 11. Traveling mechanism; 12. First conveying mechanism; 13. Blanking box; 131. Fixed rod; 132. Receiving box; 133. Third motor; 14. U-shaped plate; 15. Spiral feeding shaft; 16. Threshing component; 17. Blanking component; 18. Separation component; 19. Air separation mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following elaborates on this solution through specific implementation manners.

[0038] See Figures 1-7 , an anti-clogging self-cleaning combine harvester, including a cutting table 10, a conveying mechanism 8, a threshing mechanism, an air separation mechanism 19, a collection mechanism, a traveling mechanism 11, a power mechanism connected to the traveling mechanism 11, and a cab 1. The threshing mechanism includes a threshing component 16 and a blanking component 17 arranged below the threshing component 16. The blanking component 17 is arranged close to the air separation mechanism 19, and the collection mechanism is arranged close to the blanking component 17;

[0039] The threshing component 16 is connected to the moving mechanism 6, and a separation component 18 for splitting straw is arranged above the threshing component 16;

[0040] The air separation mechanism 19 is also connected to the blanking assembly 17.

[0041] The threshing platform 10, the conveying mechanism 8, the air separation mechanism 19, the traveling mechanism 11, the power mechanism, and the cab 1 involved are all conventional technologies in the field. The structures shown in the attached drawings in this solution are only schematic and do not represent their specific structures. This is hereby stated.

[0042] The threshing assembly 16 includes a threshing box 7, a threshing cylinder 631 horizontally placed in the threshing box 7, a number of threshing teeth 632 arranged in a linear array outside the threshing cylinder 631, and a driving shaft 63 coaxially passing through the center of the threshing cylinder 631. An upper through hole 71 and a feeding port 73 are provided at the upper end of the threshing box 7. One end of the driving shaft 63 is connected to the second motor 68, and the other end of the driving shaft 63 is connected to the moving mechanism 6;

[0043] A number of blanking holes 72 are provided on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box 7.

[0044] The moving mechanism 6 includes a moving rod one 62 and a moving rod two 67 respectively vertically fixed at both ends of the driving shaft 63, an upper sliding rod 61 and a lower sliding rod 64 with one end respectively vertically and fixedly connected to both ends of the moving rod one 62, and two telescopic cylinders 65 with the free ends respectively vertically connected to both ends of the moving rod two 67. The fixed ends of the two telescopic cylinders 65 are respectively connected to both sides of the threshing box 7, and the second motor 68 is arranged on the moving rod two 67;

[0045] The upper sliding rod 61 and the lower sliding rod 64 respectively slide through the end plate 74, and the end plate 74 closes one end of the threshing box 7;

[0046] Fixed blocks 66 are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the threshing box 7, and the telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders 65 slide through the fixed blocks 66.

[0047] It can be seen from this that both ends of the driving shaft 63 are rotatably connected to the moving rod one 62 and the moving rod two 67, and can be rotatably arranged on the moving rod one 62 and the moving rod two 67 through bearings, for example.

[0048] The separation assembly 18 includes a vertical cylinder 2 with the bottom end connected to the upper through hole 71, a vertical shaft 4 coaxially arranged in the vertical cylinder 2, a spiral blade 41 arranged outside the vertical shaft 4, and a first motor 3 connected to the top end of the vertical shaft 4. The vertical shaft 4 is rotatably arranged in the vertical cylinder 2.

[0049] The blanking assembly 17 includes a blanking box 13 arranged below the threshing box 7, a U-shaped plate 14 arranged at one end of the blanking box 13 and below the second motor 68, a spiral feeding shaft 15 obliquely arranged in the blanking box 13, and a third motor 133 connected to one end of the spiral feeding shaft 15. Discharge ports are respectively arranged at both ends of the blanking box 13, and the inner bottom surface of the blanking box 13 is an inclined surface;

[0050] A fixed rod 131 is provided below the blanking box 13, and the fixed rod 131 is connected to the material receiving box 132.

[0051] The inner bottom surface of the blanking box 13 is an inclined surface. Therefore, the wheat grains slide downward along the inclined surface and enter the material receiving box 132. The broken straws move upward under the pushing action of the spiral feeding shaft 15 and enter the U-shaped plate.

[0052] It should be noted that there is a spacing between the spiral feeding shaft 15 and the inner bottom surface of the blanking box 13, so that the wheat grains can fall into this spacing and slide downward.

[0053] The collecting mechanism is arranged near both ends of the blanking box 13; the collecting mechanism includes a first conveying mechanism 12 arranged below the U-shaped plate 14 and a second conveying mechanism connected to the material receiving box 132. The first conveying mechanism 12 and the second conveying mechanism are respectively connected to a first collecting box and a second collecting box.

[0054] Regarding the first conveying mechanism 12, the second conveying mechanism, the first collecting box and the second collecting box, they are not detailedly marked in the attached drawings in this solution, but it does not affect the implementation of this solution, and their specific structures are also very easy to achieve for those skilled in the art, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0055] The air separation mechanism 19 includes a connecting rod arranged on the connecting frame 9 and a blower fixed on the connecting rod. The blower is arranged near the position of the material receiving box 132.

[0056] It should be noted that the blower in this solution can adopt a suction machine, that is, the broken stalks, residues and glumes at the outlet position of the blanking box 13 are sucked out. The suction machine is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet position is near the outlet position of the blanking box 13, and the outlet position is arranged inside the blanking box 13 and faces the top end of the inclined surface of the blanking box 13. The air volume and air intensity are appropriate to ensure that the straws are blown out of the top of the blanking box 13, and at the same time, the wheat grains slide smoothly.

[0057] In order to simplify the design, the connection relationship between the suction machine and the blanking box 13 is not marked in the attached drawings, but the written description has clearly described this, and this is hereby explained.

[0058] Both ends of the conveying mechanism 8 are respectively connected to the cutting table 10 and the feeding port 73.

[0059] The inner end of the sliding rod 64 is vertically and fixedly connected to the pushing rod 641, and the pushing rod 641 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box 7.

[0060] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] Under the action of the cutting platform 10, the wheat is cut and transported to the position of the feed frame 5 through the conveying mechanism 8. The feed frame 5 is set at the position of the feed inlet 73. The wheat enters the threshing box 7 through the feed inlet 73 and contacts the threshing drum 631 to start the threshing process.

[0062] A threshing assembly 16 and a moving mechanism 6 are provided. Under the action of the moving mechanism 6, the threshing drum 631 can realize reciprocating motion while rotating, so that each area of the threshing drum 631 can be more comprehensively exposed to the wheat, thereby accelerating the threshing efficiency. Specifically, the telescopic cylinder 65 pushes the moving rod 67 to reciprocate, and the moving rod 67 drives the driving shaft 63 to reciprocate, and the driving shaft 63 drives the moving rod 1 62, the upper sliding rod 61 and the lower sliding rod 64 to reciprocate;

[0063] Under the action of the upper slide bar 61 and the lower slide bar 64, not only the driving shaft 63 is guided and limited, but also the inner ends of the upper slide bar 61 and the lower slide bar 64 have the effect of pushing the blocked object, so that the blocked straw moves to the outer end of the threshing box 7, avoiding the occurrence of blockage;

[0064] A separation assembly 18 is provided, which is combined with the moving mechanism 6. When the amount of wheat fed is large, there is more wheat in the threshing box 7, and a blockage problem may occur. At this time, when the blockage moves to the outer end of the threshing box 7, the blockage is rolled into the vertical cylinder 2 under the action of the vertical shaft 4 and the spiral sheet 41, and the blockage is separated, that is, a part of it enters the vertical cylinder 2, and the other part leaves the threshing box 7 and enters the U-shaped plate 14;

[0065] When the threshing drum 631 moves away from the vertical drum 2, the vertical shaft 4 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the motor 3, so that the straw in the vertical drum 2 falls down and enters the outlet of the threshing box 7. When the threshing drum 631 reciprocates for the next time, this part of the straw is moved out of the threshing box 7 and enters the U-shaped plate 14, achieving an anti-blocking effect without affecting the threshing process of the wheat.

[0066] A material dropping component 17 is provided, which is used to receive the wheat grains and straw falling from the threshing box 7 on the one hand, and can also separate the wheat grains and straw on the other hand, so that the wheat grains and the straw are separated from the two ends of the material dropping box 13 respectively, that is, the wheat grains can slide down along the material dropping box 13, and the straw can enter the conveying mechanism 12 through the U-shaped plate 14 under the joint action of the spiral feeding shaft 15 and the suction machine, and enter the collecting box 1 through the conveying mechanism 12. At the same time, the wheat grains slide into the receiving box 132 and enter the collecting box 2 through the conveying mechanism 2.

[0067] During the downward sliding process of wheat grains, the winnowing mechanism 19 operates. The blower discharges broken stalks, residues, and glumes outside the machine. At the same time, it also blows the straw in the blanking box 13 to the position of the U-shaped plate 14 and then it falls into the first conveying mechanism 12.

[0068] The technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or adopted from the prior art, and will not be elaborated here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clogging-preventing self-cleaning combine harvester, comprising a cutting table (10), a conveying mechanism (8), a threshing mechanism, a winnowing mechanism (19), a collecting mechanism, a traveling mechanism (11), a power mechanism connected to the traveling mechanism (11), and a cab (1), characterized in that, The threshing mechanism includes a threshing assembly (16) and a blanking assembly (17) arranged below the threshing assembly (16). The blanking assembly (17) is arranged close to the winnowing mechanism (19), and the collection mechanism is arranged close to the blanking assembly (17). The threshing assembly (16) is connected to the moving mechanism (6), and a separation assembly (18) for splitting straw is arranged above the threshing assembly (16). The winnowing mechanism (19) is also connected to the blanking assembly (17). The threshing assembly (16) includes a threshing box (7), a threshing drum (631) horizontally placed in the threshing box (7), a number of threshing teeth (632) arranged in a linear array outside the threshing drum (631), and a driving shaft (63) coaxially passing through the center of the threshing drum (631). An upper through hole (71) and a feeding port (73) are arranged at the upper end of the threshing box (7). One end of the driving shaft (63) is connected to the second motor (68), and the other end of the driving shaft (63) is connected to the moving mechanism (6). A number of blanking holes (72) are arranged on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box (7). The moving mechanism (6) includes a first moving rod (62) and a second moving rod (67) vertically fixed at both ends of the driving shaft (63) respectively, an upper sliding rod (61) and a lower sliding rod (64) with one end vertically and fixedly connected to both ends of the first moving rod (62) respectively, and two telescopic cylinders (65) with the free ends vertically connected to both ends of the second moving rod (67) respectively. The fixed ends of the two telescopic cylinders (65) are respectively connected to both sides of the threshing box (7), and the second motor (68) is arranged on the second moving rod (67). The upper sliding rod (61) and the lower sliding rod (64) respectively slide through an end plate (74), and the end plate (74) closes one end of the threshing box (7). Fixed blocks (66) are respectively and fixedly arranged on both sides of the threshing box (7), and the telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders (65) slide through the fixed blocks (66). The separation assembly (18) includes a vertical cylinder (2) with the bottom end connected to the upper through hole (71), a vertical shaft (4) coaxially arranged in the vertical cylinder (2), a spiral blade (41) arranged outside the vertical shaft (4), and a first motor (3) connected to the top end of the vertical shaft (4). The vertical shaft (4) is rotatably arranged in the vertical cylinder (2). The blanking assembly (17) includes a blanking box (13) arranged below the threshing box (7), a U-shaped plate (14) arranged at one end of the blanking box (13) and below the second motor (68), a spiral feeding shaft (15) obliquely arranged in the blanking box (13), and a third motor (133) connected to one end of the spiral feeding shaft (15). Discharge ports are respectively arranged at both ends of the blanking box (13), and the inner bottom surface of the blanking box (13) is an inclined surface. A fixed rod (131) is arranged below the blanking box (13), and the fixed rod (131) is connected to a receiving box (132).

2. The clogging-preventing self-cleaning type combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein, The collecting mechanism is arranged near both ends of the blanking box (13); the collecting mechanism includes a first conveying mechanism (12) arranged below the U-shaped plate (14) and a second conveying mechanism connected to the material receiving box (132), and the first conveying mechanism (12) and the second conveying mechanism are respectively connected to a first collecting box and a second collecting box.

3. The clogging-preventing and self-cleaning combined harvester according to claim 1, wherein The air separation mechanism (19) includes a connecting rod arranged on the connecting frame (9) and a blower fixed on the connecting rod, and the blower is arranged near the material receiving box (132).

4. The clogging prevention and self-cleaning type combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the conveying mechanism (8) are respectively connected to the cutting table (10) and the feeding port (73).

5. The clogging-preventing self-cleaning type combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein, The inner end of the downward sliding rod (64) is vertically and fixedly connected to the pushing rod (641), and the pushing rod (641) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the threshing box (7).

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