Method for improving survival rate of mangrove seedling transplantation

Abstract

The application discloses a method for improving survival rate of mangrove seedling transplantation, which comprises the following steps: (1) mangrove pruning; (2) seedling lifting and groove loading; (3) seedling transportation; (4) planting; (5) light water spraying; and (6) disease and pest control. The application can solve the problem of low survival rate caused by the use of shade net or film bag in the existing seedling lifting, and the seedling lifting is carried out by using a transplantation groove, the transplantation groove can effectively fix the root system, prevent the mud head of the seedling from loosening, keep the water, and make the root system not easy to be damaged and the plant not to lose water in the transportation. Specifically, the application digs a soil group around the root of the seedling, the soil group comprises one or more mangrove seedlings, and the soil group is supported by the transplantation groove, the original soil is basically kept from moving, and the bare-root seedling is not generated, so that the root system of the transplanted mangrove seedling is effectively protected, and the survival rate of the transplantation is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a mangrove planting method, specifically a method for improving the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings. Background Technology

[0002] Mangroves are woody plant communities that grow in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical coasts, primarily composed of mangrove plants. Due to their unique growing environment, mangroves are difficult to transplant. Furthermore, after transplantation, they are affected by various factors such as topography, tides, seawater salinity, and temperature, making survival extremely difficult, especially for some mangrove species like Avicennia marina and Kandelia candel, which have extremely low survival rates. Therefore, many professionals consider mangrove plants unsuitable for transplantation.

[0003] Furthermore, for transplanting mangrove saplings under 2 meters in height or less than 5 cm in diameter, conventional methods typically involve packaging them in netting or plastic bags. However, due to the high sand and water content of mangrove habitats, the loose soil makes it difficult to secure the saplings, leading to root breakage. During transport, the lack of support further exacerbates the problem, causing the fine roots and taproots to break due to the movement of sand and soil. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mangrove sapling transplantation method that can improve the survival rate of transplanted saplings, addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a method to improve the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings. This method is not affected by the season, is easy to master and operate, and has a high survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings. It is safe, efficient, and low in cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0006] A method for improving the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Mangrove pruning: Prune young mangrove trees to be transplanted, retaining 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the small branches and leaves;

[0008] (2) Digging up the seedlings and planting them in the trough: Dig up a soil ball around the roots of the pruned saplings. Select the wider side of the soil ball and place the opening of the transplanting trough towards the dug soil ball. Lower the transplanting trough as much as possible and gently pry one side of the soil ball so that it slides into the transplanting trough through the opening. Finally, fill the gaps inside with mud and sand to prevent the soil ball from collapsing and damaging the roots during transportation due to its own weight and high moisture content.

[0009] (3) For transporting saplings, three sides of the transplanting trough are equipped with suspension ropes. The three suspension ropes on the transplanting trough are suspended to the hooks of the lifting equipment. The lifting equipment lifts the transplanting trough to the transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle transports it to the planting site. Then, the lifting equipment is used to unload the transplanting trough from the transport vehicle. When lifting the transplanting trough, the opening of the transplanting trough should be adjusted to face slightly upward to prevent the plant from slipping. At the same time, the suspension ropes should be straightened to prevent the suspension ropes from tangling the branches, causing the sapling to break its roots or loosen the soil ball.

[0010] (4) Planting: Dig a planting pit, drag the removed transplanting trough to the edge of the planting pit, lift the hanging rope on the back of the transplanting trough, and push the soil ball with the sapling with a little force so that it slides out of the transplanting trough and falls into the planting pit. Adjust the soil ball so that its surface is basically the same as the surface of the new planting site. At the same time, adjust the sapling so that it is upright and spread out. Finally, fill the gap in the planting pit with sand and mud, and be careful to avoid covering the aerial roots on the surface of the transplanted sapling. For larger saplings, bamboo poles should be used to fix them to prevent them from being washed away and shaken by the tide.

[0011] (5) Spray with fresh water. If the tide does not rise in time, spray with fresh water temporarily. After all planting is completed, keep it for one month and spray with fresh water once a day when the tide recedes to reduce the salinity of the planting area and rinse away the salt on the surface of the trees.

[0012] (6) Pest and disease control: Spray with 800-1000 times dilution of deltamethrin solution every 10 days at low tide to prevent and kill leaf-eating pests.

[0013] Furthermore, the soil mass is square in shape, with dimensions of 50cm x 50cm and a depth of 30-40cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the transplantation groove includes a bottom plate, a rear end plate, and side plates. Side plates are installed at both ends of the rear end plate. The rear end plate and side plates are installed on the bottom plate, and the notch formed between the two side plates constitutes a groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the base plate, side plates, and rear end plate are all fixedly connected by welding.

[0016] Furthermore, the base plate, side plates, and rear end plate are all made of PPV board. The base plate, side plates, and rear end plate are all connected by hot-melt welding.

[0017] Furthermore, two through holes are provided on both the side plate and the rear end plate for installing a lifting rope. The lifting rope can be made of nylon rope.

[0018] Furthermore, the holes on both side panels are positioned slightly higher than the groove opening, between 2 / 3 of the side panel height and the top surface of the side panel; the lifting ropes installed on both side panels are basically of equal height and length, while the lifting ropes installed on the rear panel are slightly longer than those on the side panels by 10cm to 15cm; during hoisting, all three ropes are hooked together to ensure that the groove opening is facing upwards and to prevent the soil clump from slipping off.

[0019] Furthermore, the height of the side plate is 20-25cm, and the dimensions of the bottom plate are 50cm x 50cm (length x width).

[0020] Furthermore, transplants can be performed year-round.

[0021] Furthermore, the mangrove forest used is Avicennia marina.

[0022] The advancements of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing methods of packaging seedlings using netting or film bags. Due to the high sand and water content of mangrove growing areas, the soil around transplanted saplings is loose and cannot be fixed, making the roots prone to breakage during packaging. Furthermore, the lack of support during transportation causes the fine roots and taproots to be torn apart by the movement of sand and soil. This invention uses transplanting troughs for transporting transplanted saplings. The troughs support the soil ball containing the transplanted saplings, effectively fixing the roots, retaining moisture, and preventing root damage and water loss during transportation.

[0024] 2. This invention uses transplanting troughs to support the soil clump. During loading, adjacent transplanting troughs can be fitted together, effectively preventing movement during transportation. Furthermore, the opening of one transplanting trough can be sealed by another, helping to confine the soil clump within the trough. It also allows the transplanted saplings in adjacent troughs to be spaced apart, preventing branches from squeezing or pulling against each other, and avoiding damage, breakage, or loosening of the soil clump caused by branch abrasion or pulling.

[0025] 3. The soil ball of the transplanted saplings in this invention remains unchanged from the time of seedling removal to the time of planting, thus preventing bare-root seedlings and effectively protecting the root system, which greatly improves the survival rate of transplanted saplings.

[0026] 4. The traditional transplanting seasons are spring (March to May) and autumn (October to November), avoiding the hot summer. However, this invention is not limited by season and can be used for transplanting year-round. The transplanting trough effectively protects the root system of the transplanted saplings, preventing the plants from losing water. Even transplanting in the hot month of June can achieve excellent results, with a survival rate of over 99%.

[0027] 5. This invention uses transplanting troughs to transport saplings, allowing for simultaneous digging, loading, hoisting, and transportation. This not only ensures timely delivery of saplings to planting sites, improving transplant survival rates, but also reduces labor and material costs associated with conventional packaging, saving costs, avoiding cumbersome procedures, and improving work efficiency.

[0028] 6. This invention is used for afforestation in difficult mangrove tidal flats. It adopts box packaging, which allows young trees to recover quickly and form forests early. At the same time, since young trees can be transplanted in "groups", it conforms to the characteristic of mangrove species to "huddle together". With appropriate dense planting, it can effectively overcome the unfavorable factors of afforestation in difficult tidal flats, effectively improve the survival rate, and more effectively protect the fragile ecological environment of the seaside. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transplantation groove of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of seedlings being lifted and placed into the transplanting trough;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the lifting of mangrove saplings, along with their transplanting troughs, onto a transport vehicle;

[0033] Figure 4 A diagram showing mangrove saplings neatly arranged on a transport vehicle, ready for transplantation; transplant workers are using lifting equipment to unload the mangrove saplings from the transport vehicle.

[0034] Figure 5-1 , 5-2 A diagram illustrating how workers use ropes attached to both sides of the transplanting trough to pull mangrove saplings into the planting pit;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the removal of mangrove saplings from the transplanting trough. As shown in the diagram, workers use lifting equipment to hoist the saplings to be transplanted into the planting pit. The workers then move one end of the transplanting trough to tilt it upwards, and then gently push the soil ball, allowing the sapling to slide out of the trough and fall into the planting pit.

[0036] Figure 7 A diagram illustrating the work of planting workers spraying fresh water on transplanted mangrove saplings;

[0037] Figure 8-1 , 8-2 Figure 8-3 is a schematic diagram of the growth of transplanted mangrove saplings. As can be seen from the figure, the saplings are growing well.

[0038] Figure 9-1 , 9-2 9-3 is a schematic diagram of new buds sprouting from transplanted saplings;

[0039] Figure 10-1 , 10-2 Figure 10-3 is a schematic diagram of the flowering and fruiting of transplanted saplings.

[0040] The names and serial numbers of each component in the diagram are as follows:

[0041] 1-Hanging rope, 2-Transplanting groove, 21-Base plate, 22-Side plate, 23-Rear end plate, 24-Groove opening. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments in this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] A method for improving the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings includes the following steps:

[0045] (1) Preparation of the transplantation slot

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the transplantation trough is a box-type structure with an opening on one side and an open top. The transplantation trough 2 includes a bottom plate 21, a side plate 22 and a rear end plate 23. The two ends of the rear end plate 23 are equipped with side plates 22. The rear end plate 23 and the side plates 22 are installed on the bottom plate 21. The notch formed between the two side plates 22 constitutes the groove 24.

[0047] The length * width of the transplanting trough 2 is 50cm * 50cm, and the height is 25cm. The bottom plate 21, side plate 22 and rear end plate 23 are all made of 8mm thick PPV board. The bottom plate 21, side plate 22 and rear end plate 23 are fixed together by hot melt welding, so that the bottom plate 21, side plate 22 and rear end plate 23 are fixedly connected, which is conducive to the support soil mass being located in the transplanting trough during the transplanting process.

[0048] PPV boards are characterized by high toughness, corrosion resistance, and resistance to bending. An 8mm thick PPV board can bear a weight of over 150kg without being damaged or deformed, effectively ensuring the integrity of the soil ball in young trees.

[0049] (2) Mangrove pruning

[0050] Prune the young Avicennia marina trees to be transplanted, retaining 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the small branches and leaves. Be careful to prune any excessively low branches to facilitate placement into the transplanting trough.

[0051] (3) Lifting seedlings and filling troughs

[0052] Around the pruned roots of the young tree, dig a square soil ball 50cm x 50cm wide and 30-40cm deep. Choose the wider side of the soil ball, align the opening of the transplanting trough with the dug soil ball, and lower the trough as much as possible. Gently pry one side of the soil ball so that it slides into the transplanting trough through the opening. Finally, fill the internal gaps with soil to prevent the soil ball from collapsing and damaging the roots during transportation due to its weight and high moisture content. Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the soil mass includes one or more mangrove saplings.

[0053] When moving the sapling, a shovel can be used to gently pry the soil ball containing the sapling and move it into the transplanting trench.

[0054] (4) Transshipment of saplings

[0055] The transplanting trough is equipped with lifting ropes on three sides. The three ropes on the transplanting trough are suspended to the hooks of the lifting equipment, which can then lift the transplanting trough.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, both the side plate 22 and the rear plate 23 have at least two through holes for installing lifting ropes. The holes on the side plates are positioned slightly higher, near the groove opening, between 2 / 3 of the side plate height and the top surface of the side plate. The lifting ropes installed on the side plates are basically the same height and length, while the lifting ropes installed on the rear plate are slightly longer than those on the side plates by 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, or 15cm. During hoisting, all three ropes are hooked together to ensure that the groove opening faces upwards, preventing the soil clump from slipping off. It is understandable that the lifting ropes on the side plates are installed close to the groove opening. During hoisting, the weight of the transplanting groove and the soil clump on it causes the rear end of the transplanting groove to tilt downwards, while the groove opening faces upwards. The lifting ropes on the rear end limit the further downward tilt of the rear end of the transplanting groove, thus preventing the soil clump from falling out of the rear end of the transplanting groove.

[0057] Loading: such as Figure 3 As shown, the transplanting troughs are lifted onto the transport vehicle using lifting equipment and arranged neatly. The openings of the transplanting troughs are sealed by the side of another adjacent transplanting trough.

[0058] Unloading: such as Figure 4 As shown, when the transport vehicle transports the transplanting trough to the planting site, the transplanting trough is then unloaded from the transport vehicle using lifting equipment.

[0059] When hoisting, make sure the groove is slightly upward to prevent the soil clump from slipping; at the same time, make sure the hoisting rope is straight to prevent it from getting tangled in the branches, causing the young tree to break its roots or loosen the soil clump.

[0060] Understandably, lifting equipment can be truck cranes, crawler cranes, or truck-mounted cranes, etc. The appropriate lifting equipment can be selected based on actual work needs.

[0061] (5) Planting

[0062] Beforehand, dig planting pits 50cm x 50cm wide and 30-40cm deep at the transplanting site in Beihai Wetland Park. Drag the removed transplanting trough to the edge of the pit, lift the rope on the side of the trough corresponding to the opening, and push the soil ball with the sapling with a little force. The soil ball will carry the sapling into the pit and then be removed from the transplanting trough. Adjust the sapling to make it upright and spread out. Also, adjust the surface of the soil ball to be basically the same as the surface of the new planting site, and backfill the gaps in the planting pit with sand and mud, taking care to avoid covering the aerial roots on the surface of the transplanted sapling. For larger saplings, use bamboo poles to fix them to prevent them from being washed away and shaken by the tide.

[0063] Understandably, preserving the aerial roots exposed in the sand and mud helps transplanted saplings to breathe and promotes their growth and development.

[0064] like Figure 6 The diagram shows a process of pushing a soil ball with a sapling from the transplanting trough into the planting pit. Figure 6 As can be seen, the transplanting trough is also suspended from the hook of the lifting equipment by a rope. The planting worker can easily lift the rear end of the transplanting trough by pulling the rope on the rear end. The planting worker can then push the soil ball with a little force, and the soil ball will slide into the planting pit with the sapling, saving time and effort.

[0065] (6) Rinse with fresh water

[0066] If the tide does not rise, spray with fresh water promptly. After all planting is completed, maintain this for two months, spraying with fresh water once a day at low tide to reduce the salinity of the planting area and rinse away salt from the tree surface.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, planting workers spray fresh water on transplanted saplings. Spraying fresh water can wash away salt on the surface of the tree and reduce the salinity of the planting site, which is beneficial for the growth and development of transplanted saplings during the root recovery period, and reduces the impact of high salinity water on root recovery and growth.

[0068] (7) Pest and disease control

[0069] White mangrove soil is susceptible to leaf-eating pests, mainly moths. Spray with an 800-1000 times diluted solution of deltamethrin every 10 days at low tide to kill the leaf-eating pests.

[0070] Using this method, 5652 Avicennia marina seedlings were transplanted from the B5 construction site in Beihai to the Beihai Wetland Park from June 13th to 18th. Two months later, 5622 seedlings survived, with a survival rate of 99.47%. They have already sprouted, flowered, and fruited normally, with excellent results, as shown in Figures 8-10.

[0071] Figure 8-1 , 8-2Figure 8-3 shows the growth of the saplings 60 days after transplantation. As can be seen from the figure, the transplanted saplings are growing well. New buds have sprouted from the saplings 60 days after transplantation. Figure 9-1 , 9-2 As shown in Figure 9-3. Figure 10-1 , 10-2 As shown in Table 10-3, the transplanted saplings flowered and bore fruit 60 days after transplanting. The data were recorded in Table 1.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] A method for improving the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings includes the following steps:

[0074] (1) The preparation of the transplantation slot is the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Using 8mm thick PPV sheets, multiple transplanting slots (50cm x 50cm, 25cm high, with one side open) were made by hot-melt welding. Figure 1 As shown, the transplanting groove has 1cm diameter holes on three sides for installing the hanging rope.

[0076] The height of the side panel 22 is 20-25cm, and can be selected according to actual needs, such as 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm, or 25cm. The number of through holes 221 opened on the side panel 22 can be 2, 3, or 4. The through holes are arranged side by side at intervals. When installing the suspension rope, one end of the suspension rope passes through two through holes and is then fixedly connected to the other end.

[0077] (2) Mangrove pruning

[0078] Prune the young Avicennia marina trees to be transplanted, retaining 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the small branches and leaves. Be careful to prune any excessively low branches to facilitate placement into the transplanting trough.

[0079] (3) Lifting seedlings and filling troughs

[0080] For pruned seedlings, dig a 50cm x 50cm, 30-40cm deep, cube-shaped soil ball around their roots. Select the wider side of the soil ball and place the transplanting trough against it, with the opening of the trough facing the dug soil ball. Lower the trough as much as possible, then remove the soil. Gently pry the corresponding side of the soil ball onto the other side of the trough, allowing it to slide into the trough. Fill the gap between the soil ball and the inside of the trough with soil to prevent the soil ball from collapsing or damaging the roots during transport due to its weight and high moisture content. It is understood that the soil ball may contain one or more mangrove saplings.

[0081] When moving the sapling, a shovel can be used to gently pry the soil ball containing the sapling and move it into the transplanting trench.

[0082] (4) Transshipment of saplings

[0083] The transplanting trough is equipped with lifting ropes on three sides. The three ropes on the transplanting trough are suspended to the hooks of the lifting equipment, which can then lift the transplanting trough.

[0084] Loading: such as Figure 3 As shown, the transplanting troughs are lifted onto the transport vehicle using lifting equipment and arranged neatly. The openings of the transplanting troughs are sealed by the side of another adjacent transplanting trough.

[0085] Unloading: such as Figure 4 As shown, when the transport vehicle transports the transplanting trough to the planting site, the transplanting trough is then unloaded from the transport vehicle using lifting equipment.

[0086] When hoisting, make sure the groove is slightly upward to prevent the soil clump from slipping; at the same time, make sure the hoisting rope is straight to prevent it from getting tangled in the branches, causing the young tree to break its roots or loosen the soil clump.

[0087] It should be noted that the lifting equipment can be a truck crane, crawler crane, or truck-mounted crane, etc. The appropriate type can be selected based on actual work requirements.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, both the side plate 22 and the rear plate 23 have two through holes for installing lifting ropes. During installation, one end of the rope passes through one through hole, and the other extends outwards through the hole to the outside of the transplanting trench, where it is then fixedly connected to the other end of the rope. The holes on the side plates are positioned slightly above the trench opening, between 2 / 3 of the side plate height and the top surface of the side plate. The lifting ropes installed on the side plates are roughly the same height and length, while the lifting ropes installed on the rear plate are slightly longer than those on the side plates (10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, or 15cm). During hoisting, all three ropes are hooked together to ensure the trench opening faces upwards, preventing the soil clump from slipping. Understandably, the lifting ropes on the side plates are installed close to the trench opening. During hoisting, the weight of the transplanting trench and the soil clump on it causes the rear end of the trench to tilt downwards, while the trench opening faces upwards. The lifting ropes on the rear end limit further downward tilting of the rear end of the transplanting trench, thus preventing the soil clump from detaching from the rear end of the trench.

[0089] (5) Planting

[0090] Beforehand, dig planting pits 50cm x 50cm wide and 30-40cm deep at the mangrove restoration site of the B5 plot in Beihai. Drag the removed transplanting trough to the edge of the pit, lift the rope at the back of the trough to tilt it upwards, and then push the soil ball with a little force. The soil ball will slide the sapling from the transplanting trough into the planting pit and the transplanting trough will be removed. Adjust the sapling to make it upright and spread out. Also, adjust the surface of the soil ball to be basically the same as the surface of the new planting site, and fill the gaps in the planting pit with sand and mud, taking care to avoid covering the aerial roots on the surface of the transplanted sapling. For larger saplings, fix them with bamboo poles to prevent them from being washed away and shaken by the tide.

[0091] (6) Rinse with fresh water

[0092] If the tide does not rise, spray with fresh water promptly. After all planting is completed, maintain this for two months, spraying with fresh water once a day at low tide to reduce the salinity of the planting area and rinse away salt from the tree surface.

[0093] (7) Pest and disease control

[0094] White mangrove soil is susceptible to leaf-eating pests, mainly moths. Spray with an 800-1000 times diluted solution of deltamethrin every 10 days at low tide to prevent and kill them.

[0095] Using this method, 2054 Avicennia marina seedlings were transplanted from the Beihai B5 construction land to the mangrove restoration site of the Beihai B5 construction land between June 11 and 15. Two months later, 2041 seedlings survived, with a survival rate of 99.37%. Moreover, they were able to flower and bear fruit normally, with excellent results. The data are recorded in Table 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 1:

[0097] The specific steps for transplanting mangrove saplings are as follows:

[0098] (1) Mangrove pruning and bagging

[0099] Prune the young Avicennia marina trees to be transplanted, retaining 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the small branches and leaves. Then, dig a 40cm diameter, 30-40cm deep soil around the roots and wrap it with a net or plastic bag.

[0100] (2) Loading and transshipment

[0101] The white mangrove saplings processed in step (1) are transferred to a transport vehicle using a lifting device or by manual transport. The transport vehicle then transfers the mangrove saplings to the planting site.

[0102] (3) Transplanting

[0103] Beforehand, planting pits with a diameter of 50cm and a depth of 30-40cm were dug at the mangrove restoration site of the B5 plot of the Beihai construction land. The mangrove saplings to be transplanted were transplanted to the planting site with their soil balls. The saplings were adjusted to make them upright and spread out, and the planting pits were backfilled. Larger saplings were fixed with bamboo poles to prevent them from being washed away and shaken by the tide.

[0104] (4) Rinse with fresh water

[0105] After all planting is completed, if the tide has not risen, spray fresh water in time to reduce the salinity of the planting area and rinse away the salt on the surface of the trees.

[0106] (5) Pest and disease control

[0107] White mangrove soil is susceptible to leaf-eating pests, mainly moths. Spray with an 800-1000 times diluted solution of deltamethrin every 10 days at low tide to prevent and kill them.

[0108] On June 16, 800 Avicennia marina seedlings were transplanted from the B5 construction site in Beihai to the Beihai Wetland Park. Two months later, 206 seedlings survived, with a survival rate of 25.8%. The data is recorded in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1. Survival Status of Transplanted Mangrove Saplings

[0110] Serial Number Example Number of plants planted Number of surviving plants (plants) Survival rate (%) 1 Example 1 5652 5622 strains 99.47 2 Example 2 2054 2041 99.37 3 Comparative Example 1 800 206 25.8

[0111] As shown in Table 1, Avicennia marina is a tree species that is relatively difficult to transplant into mangroves. In Comparative Example 1, the survival rate of transplanted Avicennia marina using existing methods was below 26%. However, in Examples 1 and 2, the survival rate using the transplanting method of this invention was above 99%. Compared with the traditional method, the survival rate was increased by 73.57%, indicating that the method of this invention can effectively improve the transplant survival rate of Avicennia marina.

[0112] The main reasons are as follows:

[0113] 1. Differences in seedling raising materials.

[0114] Existing technology (Comparative Example 1) uses netting or plastic bags to package seedlings during lifting. However, these netting or bags do not effectively support the sandy soil attached to the saplings, especially during transportation, where the sand inside the netting or bags easily loosens, exposing the sapling roots. Furthermore, the process of packaging and binding seedlings during lifting, and unbinding and removing the packaging during planting, is cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly, with poor results and environmental pollution.

[0115] The transplanting trough of this invention is a box-shaped structure with an opening on one side. It provides support and restraint for the soil clump inside. Three side plates support and restrain the three sides of the soil clump. During loading and transportation, the transplanting troughs are close together, so the side plates on one trough can simultaneously seal the opening of another trough and support and restrain the soil clump, preventing it from loosening, effectively fixing the roots, and retaining moisture. This reduces the risk of root damage during transportation, prevents water loss, and improves the survival rate of transplanted saplings. Therefore, the transplanting trough of this invention provides root protection, water retention, and soil conservation for the soil clump. Using this trough, mangrove saplings can be transplanted year-round, without seasonal limitations. Therefore, even transplanting in the hot month of June can achieve excellent results.

[0116] It can be said that the soil ball is confined within the transplanting trough from seedling raising to seedling planting. The trough provides strong support and restraint to the soil ball, and the sides of the transplanting trough do not deform even when squeezed by the soil ball. This helps to maintain the original shape of the soil ball, keep the soil ball in place, prevent bare-root seedlings, effectively protect the root system, and thus greatly improve the transplant survival rate.

[0117] In terms of root system size, the diameter of the soil ball after a typical seedling transplant is about 30cm, with a surface area of ​​3.14*15cm*15cm=706.5cm². 2 When transplanting using the method of this invention, the seedling lifting piece is square, and the surface area of ​​the seedling mud ball in the trench is 50cm*50cm=2500cm². 2 Under the same depth, the root system of seedlings raised using this invention increases by approximately 2.5 times (2500 / 706.5-1), effectively increasing the total root system of transplanted saplings and thus improving the survival rate of transplantation.

[0118] The transplanting trough of this invention is easy to use. Simply push the soil ball containing the transplanted sapling into the transplanting trough to complete the packaging of the transplanted sapling. It is reusable, environmentally friendly, economical, and has excellent results.

[0119] 2. Regular management after transplanting.

[0120] The current method involves rinsing the roots with fresh water immediately after planting to reduce salinity damage. However, without continuous rinsing with fresh water during the root recovery period, the roots may recover slowly, reducing the survival rate.

[0121] This invention not only involves rinsing with fresh water after planting, but also rinsing with fresh water once a day at low tide for the next two months to reduce the salinity of the planting area and remove salt from the tree surface. Newly transplanted mangrove saplings suffer root damage due to factors such as pruning and transportation, requiring a recovery period. High seawater salinity can hinder new root growth; therefore, rinsing with fresh water alleviates salinity, providing more suitable conditions for new root growth and improving transplant survival rates.

[0122] In summary, this invention is applicable to the transplantation of mangrove saplings and can effectively improve the survival rate of transplanted mangrove saplings.

[0123] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the survival rate of mangrove sapling transplantation, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) mangrove pruning, pruning the mangrove sapling to be transplanted, and retaining 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the branches and leaves; (2) seedling lifting and slotting, digging a soil group around the root of the pruned sapling, selecting the wider side of the soil group, placing the slot of the transplanting slot towards the dug soil group, lowering the transplanting slot as much as possible, gently prying one side of the soil group to make it slide into the transplanting slot through the slot, and finally filling the internal gap with mud and sand to avoid the soil group from collapsing and damaging the roots due to self-weight and high water content during transportation; the soil group is in a quadrangular shape, and the specification is: 50cm*50cm in length and width, and 30-40cm in depth; (3) sapling transportation, three sides of the transplanting slot are provided with lifting ropes, the three lifting ropes on the transplanting slot are hung to the lifting hooks of a lifting device, the lifting device lifts the transplanting slot to a transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle transports the sapling to a planting site, and then the lifting device unloads the transplanting slot from the transport vehicle; when the transplanting slot is lifted, the slot of the transplanting slot needs to be adjusted to be slightly upward to avoid the plant falling off; meanwhile, the lifting ropes are straightened to avoid the lifting ropes tangling with the branches and making the sapling root broken or the soil group loose; (4) planting, digging a planting hole, dragging the unloaded transplanting slot to the edge of the planting hole, lifting the lifting ropes on the back side of the transplanting slot, slightly pushing the soil group with the sapling to make it slide out of the transplanting slot and fall into the planting hole, adjusting the soil group to make its surface basically consistent with the surface of the new planting site, and adjusting the sapling to make it stand straight and stretch out; finally, filling the gap in the planting hole with sand and mud, and avoiding covering the aerial roots on the surface of the transplanted sapling; the sapling needs to be fixed with a bamboo pole to avoid being shaken by tidal water; (5) light water, temporarily spraying light water if the tidal water does not rise in time; after all the planting is completed, light water is sprayed once a day during the ebb tide for one month to reduce the salinity of the planting site and wash away the salt on the surface of the sapling; (6) disease and pest control, spraying the 800-1000 times of dimethoate solution to prevent and kill the leaf pests every 10 days during the ebb tide; The soil group is in a quadrangular shape, and the specification is: 50cm*50cm in length and width, and 30-40cm in depth; The transplanting slot comprises a bottom plate, a rear end plate and side plates, the two ends of the rear end plate are provided with the side plates, the rear end plate and the side plates are installed on the bottom plate, and the gap formed between the two side plates constitutes the slot; Two through holes are formed in the side plates and the rear end plate, and the through holes are used for installing the lifting ropes; The positions of the through holes in the two side plates are slightly above the slot, and are between 2 / 3 of the height of the side plate and the top surface of the side plate; the lifting ropes installed on the two side plates are basically equal in height and length, and the lifting ropes installed on the rear end plate are 10-15cm longer than those on the side plates; when lifting, the three ropes are hung to the hook together to ensure that the slot is upward to avoid the soil group sliding off; when loading, the adjacent transplanting slots can be attached to each other, which can effectively avoid the movement during transportation, the slot of one transplanting slot can be blocked by another transplanting slot, which is beneficial to limiting the soil group in the slot; and the transplanted saplings on the adjacent transplanting slots can be spaced from each other, which can prevent the branches and leaves from being pressed and pulled, and avoid the saplings being scratched, broken and pulled to cause the soil group to be loose.

2. The method for improving survival rate of mangrove sapling transplantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate, the side plates and the rear end plate are fixedly connected through hot melting welding.

3. The method for improving survival rate of mangrove sapling transplantation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate, side plate and back end plate are made of PPV plate.

4. The method for improving survival rate of mangrove sapling transplantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the side plate is 20-25 cm, and the size of the bottom plate is 50 cm*50 cm.

5. The method for improving survival rate of mangrove sapling transplantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting season is all year round.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The mangrove is selected from white bone soil.

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