Amine-based co2 capture and conversion system based on coal-based amorphous char and methods of implementation

Abstract

This invention discloses a CO2 capture and conversion system and its implementation method based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke. This invention utilizes the properties of aminated coal-based amorphous coke as both an adsorbent and an electrocatalyst. The organic amine-grafted coal-based amorphous coke is filled into the cathode packing section of a fixed bed as a carbon-based adsorbent, directly capturing CO2 molecules from low-concentration flue gas atmospheres, thus solving the problem of difficulty in enriching low-concentration CO2 pollutants. The system of this invention uses pure H2O as a hydrogen source. Under energized conditions, H2O and CO2 molecules undergo an electrocatalytic reaction, directly converting CO2 into high-value-added products such as ethylene through in-situ adsorption using the aminated coal-based amorphous coke. The raw material cost is extremely low, and the reaction conditions are mild, requiring only a voltage of 0 to -2V to drive the reaction, greatly reducing equipment costs and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CO2 capture and emission reduction technology, and in particular to a CO2 capture and conversion system and implementation method based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon dioxide emissions are directly related to the type, mode of utilization, and total amount of energy resources used. However, the CO2 emissions from the power industry are often characterized by low concentrations (10%–15%) and complex compositions (NOx). x SO x The characteristics of CO2 (such as oxygen and oxygen) pose a significant challenge to carbon emission reduction in the power industry. Addressing this challenge, the efficient capture and in-situ resource recovery of low-concentration CO2 emissions from the power industry could provide a crucial technological solution for decarbonizing the sector.

[0003] Currently, the efficient capture of pollutant molecules such as CO2 often relies on the development of high-performance adsorbents, while their resource recovery process requires the design of highly efficient catalysts. The enrichment of CO2 often requires high-temperature environments for resource recovery, demanding stringent reaction conditions and sophisticated equipment. Furthermore, CO2 resource recovery often necessitates the addition of expensive hydrogen sources such as H2 to further obtain high-value-added products. It is noteworthy that the difficulty in simultaneously achieving capture and resource recovery processes within the same material hinders the development of technological systems that meet industrial needs. For coal-fired power plants, coal-based amorphous coke offers a significant technological solution for carbon reduction from low-concentration CO2 emission sources due to its wide availability of raw materials, extremely low cost, and the inherent properties of acting as both an adsorbent and catalyst. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a CO2 capture and conversion system and implementation method based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke.

[0006] On the one hand, this invention proposes a CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke, comprising:

[0007] A fixed bed, which consists of a cathode filling section, an insulating flow section, and an anode filling section from top to bottom. The cathode filling section and the anode filling section are insulated and separated by the insulating flow section. The cathode filling section is filled with amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke.

[0008] A product collection unit, wherein the inlet end of the product collection unit is connected to the outlet end of the fixed bed;

[0009] A raw material supply unit, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the fixed bed;

[0010] A power supply unit that provides electrical energy to the cathode filling section and the anode filling section.

[0011] In some embodiments, during the CO2 capture process, after the flue gas flows out of the raw material supply unit, it flows through the inlet end of the fixed bed in sequence through the anode filling section and the insulating flow section before entering the cathode filling section. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke filled in the cathode filling section.

[0012] In some embodiments, during the CO2 conversion process, pure water flows out of the raw material supply unit and then flows sequentially through the anode filling section, the insulating flow section, and the cathode filling section through the inlet end of the fixed bed to form a complete liquid phase circuit.

[0013] In some embodiments, under energized conditions, CO2 captured by amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke reacts with pure water to generate high-value-added products.

[0014] In some embodiments, the applied voltage of the power supply unit is 0 to -2V.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outlet end of the fixed bed is located at the top of the cathode filling section.

[0016] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the fixed bed is located at the bottom of the anode filling section.

[0017] In some embodiments, the power supply unit is connected to the cathode filling section and the anode filling section respectively via wires.

[0018] In some embodiments, the anode filling section is provided with a titanium mesh layer.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention proposes an implementation method for a CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke, comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) The flue gas enters the anode filling section from the inlet end of the fixed bed, and enters the cathode filling section after passing through the insulating flow section. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke, and the flue gas with CO2 atmosphere removed is discharged from the cathode filling section.

[0021] (2) After the cathode filling section completes the adsorption and enrichment of CO2 molecules, the pure water from the raw material supply unit is introduced through the anode filling section and then passes through the insulating flow section and the cathode filling section to form a complete liquid phase circuit.

[0022] (3) After forming a complete liquid phase circuit, the power supply unit is turned on to supply power. On the basis of power supply, the CO2 and H2O molecules in the pores of the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke are converted into high value-added products.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention utilizes the properties of amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke as an adsorbent and electrocatalyst. Coal-based amorphous coke grafted with organic amines is filled into the cathode packing section of a fixed bed as a carbon-based adsorbent, directly capturing CO2 molecules from low-concentration flue gas atmosphere and continuously storing CO2 in the pore structure of the coal-based amorphous coke, thus solving the problem of the difficulty in effectively enriching low-concentration CO2 pollutant gas.

[0025] The system of this invention uses pure H2O as a hydrogen source. Under the condition of electricity, H2O and CO2 molecules undergo an electrocatalytic reaction. The system utilizes amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke to directly adsorb CO2 in situ and convert it into high-value-added products such as ethylene. The raw material cost is extremely low, and the reaction conditions are mild. The reaction can be driven by a voltage of only 0 to -2V, which greatly reduces the equipment cost and energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke;

[0028] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the implementation method of a CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke;

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Cathode filling section; 2. Amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke; 3. Product collection unit; 4. Raw material supply unit; 5. Insulating flow section; 6. Anode filling section; 7. Power supply unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The CO2 capture and conversion system and implementation method based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke proposed according to embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke of the present invention includes a fixed bed, a product collection unit 3, a raw material supply unit 4, and a power supply unit 7.

[0034] The fixed bed consists of, from top to bottom, a cathode filling section 1, an insulating flow section 5, and an anode filling section 6. The insulating flow section 5 is positioned between the cathode filling section 1 and the anode filling section 6, which are insulated from each other. The cathode filling section 1 is filled with amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 of varying particle sizes. By utilizing organic amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke, the organic amine-grafted coal-based amorphous coke is filled in the cathode filling section 1 of the fixed bed as a carbon-based adsorbent. This allows for the direct capture of CO2 molecules from low-concentration flue gas atmospheres and the continuous deposition of CO2 within the porous structure of the coal-based amorphous coke, thus solving the problem of effectively enriching low-concentration CO2 pollutants.

[0035] The insulating flow section 5 acts as an insulating layer to separate the cathode filling section 1 and the anode filling section 6. It can be understood that the insulating flow section 5 can be filled with an insulating medium or use air to achieve insulation. The insulating medium can be an insulating diaphragm.

[0036] A titanium mesh layer is provided in the anode filling section 6. During the electrocatalytic process, the titanium mesh serves as the anode, and the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 in the cathode filling section 1 serves as the cathode.

[0037] The power supply unit 7 provides power to the cathode filling section 1 and the anode filling section 6. The power supply unit 7 is connected to the cathode filling section 1 and the anode filling section 6 respectively through wires. One end of the power supply unit 7 is connected to the titanium mesh layer of the anode filling section 6 through a wire, and the other end of the power supply unit 7 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode filling section 1 through a wire. The outer wall of the cathode filling section 1 is conductive.

[0038] The inlet end of the product collection unit 3 is connected to the outlet end of the fixed bed. The outlet end of the fixed bed is located at the top of the cathode filling section 1. During the electrocatalysis process, the CO2 conversion products flow out from the outlet end of the fixed bed located at the top of the cathode filling section 1 and enter the product collection unit 3 from the inlet end of the product collection unit 3.

[0039] The outlet end of the raw material supply unit 4 is connected to the inlet end of the fixed bed. The inlet end of the fixed bed is located at the bottom of the anode filling section 6. During operation, the required raw material enters the fixed bed from the inlet end of the fixed bed located at the bottom of the anode filling section 6.

[0040] During the CO2 capture process, the flue gas flows out of the raw material supply unit 4 and then flows through the inlet end of the fixed bed, passing sequentially through the anode filling section 6 and the insulating flow section 5 before entering the cathode filling section 1. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 filled in the cathode filling section 1 and is stored in the pore structure of the coal-based amorphous coke, thereby achieving the adsorption and enrichment of low-concentration CO2.

[0041] In the CO2 conversion process, pure water flows out from the feed unit 4 and sequentially through the anode filling section 6, the insulating flow section 5, and the cathode filling section 1 via the inlet of the fixed bed, forming a complete liquid-phase loop. Pure water serves as the conductive medium connecting the anode and cathode, while simultaneously providing a hydrogen source for the resource-based conversion of CO2, thus avoiding the use of high-cost hydrogen sources such as H2 and NH3 and reducing the cost of CO2 resource-based conversion. Furthermore, using pure water as the conductive medium connecting the anode and cathode results in low corrosivity, and the electrocatalytic reaction process using pure water as a hydrogen source does not produce other impurities; the resulting product is impurity-free and requires no separation.

[0042] After a complete liquid-phase circuit is formed, power supply unit 7 is activated, applying a voltage of 0 to -2V. The titanium mesh serves as the anode for the electrocatalytic reaction, undergoing an oxidation reaction. The amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 serves as the cathode for the electrocatalytic reaction, undergoing a reduction reaction. This process converts the CO2 and H2O molecules present in the porous structure of the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 into high-value-added products, such as formic acid, methanol, methane, ethylene, and ethanol, achieving in-situ electrocatalysis of CO2 molecules. This invention achieves in-situ electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 molecules by directly applying an extremely low voltage through power supply unit 7. It does not require a high-temperature environment, has low equipment requirements for reaction conditions, a simple overall system structure, is easy to scale up for production, and has low energy consumption.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the implementation method of the CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke, applicable to the CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke of the present invention, includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) The flue gas enters the anode filling section 6 from the inlet end of the fixed bed, and enters the cathode filling section 1 after passing through the insulating flow section 5. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2, and the flue gas with CO2 atmosphere removed is discharged from the cathode filling section 1.

[0045] (2) After the cathode filling section 1 completes the adsorption and enrichment of CO2 molecules, the pure water from the raw material supply unit 4 is introduced through the anode filling section 6 and then passes through the insulating flow section 5 and the cathode filling section 1 to form a complete liquid phase circuit.

[0046] (3) After forming a complete liquid phase circuit, the power supply unit 7 is turned on to supply power. On the basis of power supply, the CO2 and H2O molecules stored in the pores of the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke 2 are converted into high value-added products.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms may refer to different embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous char, characterized in that, include: A fixed bed, which consists of a cathode filling section, an insulating flow section, and an anode filling section from top to bottom. The cathode filling section and the anode filling section are insulated and separated by the insulating flow section. The cathode filling section is filled with amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke. A product collection unit, wherein the inlet end of the product collection unit is connected to the outlet end of the fixed bed; A raw material supply unit, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the fixed bed; The power supply unit provides electrical energy to the cathode filling section and the anode filling section. During the CO2 capture process, flue gas flows out of the raw material supply unit and then sequentially through the anode filling section and the insulating flow section before entering the cathode filling section. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke filled in the cathode filling section. During the CO2 conversion process, pure water flows out of the raw material supply unit and then sequentially through the anode filling section, the insulating flow section, and the cathode filling section after passing through the inlet of the fixed bed, forming a complete liquid phase loop. Under energized conditions, the CO2 captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke reacts with pure water to generate high-value-added products, which include at least one of formic acid, methanol, methane, ethylene, and ethanol.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The applied voltage of the power supply unit is 0 to -2V.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The outlet end of the fixed bed is located at the top of the cathode filling section.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the fixed bed is located at the bottom of the anode filling section.

5. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply unit is connected to the cathode filling section and the anode filling section respectively via wires.

6. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anode filling section is provided with a titanium mesh layer.

7. A method for implementing a CO2 capture and conversion system based on aminated coal-based amorphous coke, characterized in that, The system applicable to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: (1) The flue gas enters the anode filling section from the inlet end of the fixed bed, and enters the cathode filling section after passing through the insulated flow section. The CO2 in the flue gas is captured by the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke, and the flue gas with CO2 atmosphere removed is discharged from the cathode filling section. (2) After the cathode filling section completes the adsorption and enrichment of CO2 molecules, the pure water from the raw material supply unit is introduced through the anode filling section and then passes through the insulating flow section and the cathode filling section to form a complete liquid phase circuit. (3) After forming a complete liquid phase circuit, the power supply unit is turned on to supply power. On the basis of power supply, the CO2 and H2O molecules stored in the pores of the amine-modified coal-based amorphous coke are converted into high value-added products.

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