A three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier, comprising: a furnace body, a water spraying port, an oxidant spraying port, a biomass feeding port, a conical distributor, a fluidizing gas inlet, a central jet pipe, a slag discharging annular pipe, a powder discharging port, a slag discharging port and a gas-solid separation device. The furnace body is divided into five sections from top to bottom, namely an alkali metal capture section, a tar cracking section, a gasification reaction section, a high-temperature oxidation section, a gas chamber and a cold slag chamber. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier provided by the present invention sets different sections in the gasifier and controls different gasification temperatures, which can effectively solve the disadvantages of easy slagging, easy tar generation and easy alkali metal corrosion in biomass gasification. The gasifier device has a simple structure, does not require an additional tar conversion furnace, can achieve no tar at the outlet of the gasifier, no fine powder is discharged during the whole gas production process, has a high gasification efficiency, and is easy to realize the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, and particularly to a three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerating adjustment of the global energy structure, the technical level and economy of new energy have been greatly improved, and the development of clean and low-carbon energy still remains a top priority. As the most potential renewable energy, biomass energy has become the fourth largest energy source after coal, oil, and natural gas by being converted into solid fuels (direct combustion), liquid fuels (methanol, ethanol, diesel, etc.), and gaseous fuels (biogas, natural gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, etc.) for power generation, heating, transportation fuels, and industrial raw materials. Moreover, China is rich in biomass resources, mainly including agricultural waste, forestry waste, livestock manure, municipal solid waste, organic wastewater, and waste residue, etc.

[0003] In summary, biomass gasification has become an important solution for green energy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device in the prior art that can efficiently and safely extract biomass energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problem that there is a lack of biomass energy extraction equipment in the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier, which is characterized by comprising: a furnace body, a water injection port, an oxidant injection port, a biomass feed port, a conical distributor, a fluidizing gas inlet, a central jet pipe, a slag discharge loop pipe, a powder discharge port, a slag discharge port, and a gas-solid separation device;

[0005] The furnace body is divided into three sections from top to bottom: an alkali metal capture zone, a second-stage tar cracking zone, a first-stage gasification reaction zone, a high-temperature oxidation zone, a gas chamber, and a cold slag chamber. At least one water injection port is arranged in the three-section alkali metal capture zone, the oxidant injection port is arranged in the upper part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone, the biomass feed port is arranged in the lower part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone, the conical distributor is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage gasification reaction zone, and air holes are arranged on the conical distributor. A low-temperature return powder pipe connecting the low-temperature return powder port on the conical distributor is arranged on the furnace body. The gas chamber is provided with the fluidizing gas inlet and the powder discharge port. The cold slag chamber is arranged at the bottommost part inside the furnace body. The upper end of the slag discharge loop pipe is connected to the conical distributor, and the lower end extends into the cold slag chamber. One end of the central jet pipe is connected to the high-temperature oxidation zone, and the other end is connected to the outside of the furnace body. The bottom end of the cold slag chamber is the slag discharge port, and the furnace body is connected to the gas-solid separation device.

[0006] Further improved, a syngas outlet communicating with the air inlet of the gas-solid separation device is arranged at the top end of the furnace body, and the feeding pipe of the gas-solid separation device is connected to the fine powder return port on the furnace body through a gas-solid valve.

[0007] A further improvement is that the bottom end of the feed pipe is connected to the high-temperature powder return port on the conical distributor through an ejector pipe.

[0008] A further improvement is that a voltage-stabilizing tube communicating with the outside of the furnace body is provided in the slag cooling chamber.

[0009] A further improvement is that the diameter of the first-stage gasification reaction zone of the furnace body is smaller than the diameter of the second-stage tar cracking zone.

[0010] A further improvement is that the conical distributor is wide at the upper end and narrow at the lower end, and the conical distributor has a plurality of air holes distributed in a ring shape from top to bottom.

[0011] A further improvement is that the diameter of the pores gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0012] A further improvement is that the air holes are distributed in a circular pattern, and multiple circles of air holes are provided along the conical distributor from top to bottom.

[0013] A further improvement is that, in two adjacent circles of pores on the conical distributor, the diameter of the pores in the upper circle is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pores in the lower circle.

[0014] A further improvement is that the angle between the direction of the air holes and the side wall of the conical distributor is 30° to 90°.

[0015] A further improvement is that the central axes of the low-temperature powder return port and the high-temperature powder return port intersect with the central axis of the central jet tube at a point in the high-temperature oxidation zone.

[0016] A further improvement is that a water spray ring pipe is provided in the air chamber, and the water spray ring pipe is connected to the slag cooling chamber through a pipeline.

[0017] A further improvement is that a cooling air inlet pipe is provided in the middle of the slag cooling chamber, and the top end of the cooling air inlet pipe is connected to a cooling ring pipe communicating with the inside of the slag cooling chamber.

[0018] A further improvement is that the cooling ring pipe is provided with a plurality of downwardly inclined air ducts.

[0019] A further improvement is that a conical protrusion is provided on the middle outer wall of the cooling ring tube.

[0020] A further improvement is that the water spray port intersects with the central axis of the synthesis gas outlet.

[0021] A further improvement is that the furnace body is lined with one or more of refractory injection materials, refractory bricks, and water-cooled walls.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier provided by the present invention sets different sections in the gasifier and controls different gasification temperatures, which can effectively solve the disadvantages of easy slagging, easy tar production, and easy alkali metal corrosion in biomass gasification. The structure of this gasifier device is simple, without the need to additionally configure a tar conversion furnace, and it can achieve a tar-free outlet of the gasifier. There is no fine powder discharge during the entire gas production process, with high gasification efficiency and easy long-term stable operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling loop pipe of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Gasifier, 100. Three-stage alkali metal capture zone, 101. Second-stage tar cracking zone, 102. First-stage gasification reaction zone, 103. High-temperature oxidation zone, 104. Gas chamber, 105. Cold slag chamber, 121. Syngas outlet, 122. Slag discharge port, 123. Cooling gas, 124. Cooling loop pipe, 1241. Air channel, 1242. Cavity, 111. Water spray port, 112. Oxidant spray port, 113. Biomass feed port, 231. Conical distributor, 2. Gas-solid separation equipment, 201. Gas-solid separation equipment inlet, 202. Gas-solid separation equipment outlet, 211. Feed pipe, 212. Fine powder return port, 213. High-temperature return powder port, 214. Fluidizing gas inlet, 215. Powder discharge port, 216. Slag discharge loop pipe, 218. Water spray loop pipe, 219. Ejector pipe, 220. Pressure stabilizing pipe, 221. Gasifier outlet pipe, 222. Central jet pipe, 233. Low-temperature return powder port, 234. Low-temperature return powder pipe, 235. Gas-solid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The present invention will now be further described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the components related to the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the invention, "plural" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0031] In the invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "install", "connect", "join", "fix", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier, which is characterized in that it includes: a furnace body 1, a water injection port 111, an oxidant injection port 112, a biomass feed port 113, a conical distributor 231, a fluidizing gas inlet 214, a central jet pipe 222, a slag discharge loop pipe 216, a powder discharge port 215, a slag discharge port 122, and a gas-solid separation device 2; one end of the central jet pipe 222 is located inside the slag discharge loop pipe 216 and is coaxial with it, and the other end extends outside the furnace body.

[0034] The furnace body is divided into five sections from top to bottom, namely the three-stage alkali metal capture zone 100, the two-stage tar cracking zone 101, the first-stage gasification reaction zone 102, the high-temperature oxidation zone 103, the gas chamber 104 and the cold slag chamber 105. At least one water injection nozzle is arranged in the three-stage alkali metal capture zone. The oxidant injection nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone. 1-10 oxidant injection nozzles are arranged at the upper part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone. The main gasification reduction reaction occurs in this area, with a reaction temperature of 700-950°C and a reaction pressure of 0-8.0 MpaG. By controlling the oxidant flow rate of the oxidant injection nozzle in the first-stage gasification reaction zone, the temperature in the two-stage tar cracking zone is controlled at 900-1200°C, so that the tar is fully cracked. The biomass feed inlet is arranged at the lower part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone. The bottom of the first-stage gasification reaction zone is provided with the conical distributor, and the conical distributor is provided with air holes. The furnace body is provided with a low-temperature return powder pipe connecting the low-temperature return powder port on the conical distributor. The gas chamber is provided with the fluidizing gas inlet and the powder discharge port. The cold slag chamber is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The cold slag chamber is located inside the gasifier, which can effectively reduce the height of the gasification frame and the manufacturing cost. The upper end of the slag discharge loop pipe is connected to the conical distributor, and the lower end extends into the cold slag chamber. One end of the central jet pipe is connected to the high-temperature oxidation zone, and the other end is connected to the outside of the furnace body. The bottom end of the cold slag chamber is the slag discharge port. The furnace body is connected to the gas-solid separation equipment. Among them, the top of the cold slag chamber is separated from the gas chamber by a dome structure.

[0035] The three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier provided by the present invention sets different sections in the gasifier and controls different gasification temperatures, which can effectively solve the disadvantages of easy slagging, easy tar generation and easy alkali metal corrosion in biomass gasification. The structure of this gasifier device is simple, and there is no need to additionally configure a tar conversion furnace. It can achieve that there is no tar at the outlet of the gasifier, and there is no fine powder discharged during the whole gas production process. The gasification efficiency is high, and it is easy to realize the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0036] Further improvement is that the top of the furnace body is provided with a syngas outlet connected to the inlet of the gas-solid separation equipment, and the two are connected by a gasifier outlet pipe 221. The feeding pipe of the gas-solid separation equipment is connected to the fine powder return port on the furnace body through a gas-solid valve. Among them, the gas-solid valve pipeline is in an N shape to prevent the materials in the gasifier from flowing back into the cyclone. One or more biomass feed inlets and fine powder return ports are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body at the lower part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone of the gasifier and above the distributor. After the coarse powder particles carried in the syngas at the outlet of the gasifier are captured by the gas-solid separation equipment, they are returned to the first-stage gasification reaction zone of the gasifier through the return port for secondary reaction.

[0037] Further improvement is that the bottom end of the feeding pipe is connected to the high-temperature return powder port on the conical distributor through an ejector pipe.

[0038] A further improvement is that a pressure-stabilizing tube connected to the outside of the furnace is provided in the slag cooling chamber, which can effectively control the pressure in the slag cooling chamber, prevent pressure fluctuations, and ensure smooth slag discharge.

[0039] A further improvement is that the diameter of the first-stage gasification reaction zone of the furnace body is smaller than the diameter of the second-stage tar cracking zone, so as to reduce the synthesis gas velocity and ensure that the residence time of the tar in the synthesis gas in this area is 1-30 seconds, so that the tar is fully cracked. At the same time, the gas velocity is reduced to achieve preliminary separation of gas and solid, thereby reducing the amount of solid fine particles carried out.

[0040] A further improvement is that the conical distributor is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and has a plurality of air holes distributed in a ring shape from top to bottom. The conical distributor is in an inverted cone shape, with the wide end of the distributor connected to the side wall of the furnace body and the narrow end of the distributor connected to the slag discharge ring pipe.

[0041] A further improvement is that the diameter of the pores gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0042] A further improvement is that the air holes are distributed in a circular pattern, and multiple circles of air holes are provided along the conical distributor from top to bottom.

[0043] A further improvement is that, in the two adjacent circles of pores on the conical distributor, the diameter of the pores in the upper circle is less than or equal to the diameter of the pores in the lower circle. The conical distributor is provided with 10-20 circles of pores, each circle of small holes has a diameter of 1mm-20mm, and the diameter of each circle of pores is equal, but the diameter of the upper pores is less than or equal to the diameter of the lower pores; the pores are evenly distributed, and the pore spacing is 50-150mm. Specifically, the pore diameter can be gradually increased from top to bottom along the conical distributor. Because the pressure at the top of the conical distributor is low, the gas can pass through easily, while the pressure at the bottom is high, the gas resistance is high, and it is difficult to pass through. The distribution of pores with small top and large bottom can ensure that the gas exits at basically the same speed, and the fluidization effect is good. In order to reduce processing costs, the pore diameters of every 2-6 circles can be the same.

[0044] A further improvement is that the angle between the direction of the air holes and the side wall of the conical distributor is 30° to 90°.

[0045] A further improvement is that the central axes of the low-temperature powder return port and the high-temperature powder return port intersect with the central axis of the central jet tube at a point in the high-temperature oxidation zone, so that the oxidant and the fine powder particles meet and react with each other, that is, carbon and oxygen meet and react.

[0046] A further improvement is that a water spraying ring pipe is provided in the air chamber, and the water spraying ring pipe is connected to the slag cooling chamber through a pipeline, so as to effectively reduce the temperature of the high-temperature slag to below 400°C.

[0047] Further improvement: A cooling gas inlet pipe is provided in the middle part of the cold slag chamber, and the top end of the cooling gas inlet pipe is connected to a cooling ring pipe communicating with the inside of the cold slag chamber.

[0048] Further improvement: A plurality of downwardly inclined air channels 1241 are provided on the cooling ring pipe 124 to prevent the high-temperature slag from piling up and blocking the air outlet. One end of all the air channels 1241 communicates with the inside of the cold slag chamber, and the other ends converge in a cavity 1242. An upward protrusion is provided in the middle part of the cavity 1242, and the top end of the cooling gas inlet pipe 123 extends into the protrusion.

[0049] Further improvement: A conical protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the middle part of the cooling ring pipe. Making the protrusion structure with refractory materials is for two purposes. One is to protect the cooling pipe from being worn by high-temperature slag, and the other is to form a certain cone angle to better distribute the high-temperature slag evenly to the slag discharge port.

[0050] Further improvement: The central axis of the water spraying port intersects with the central axis of the syngas outlet. To ensure effective contact between the cooling water and the gas, and ensure that it can contact the alkali metal coming out of the gasifier.

[0051] Further improvement: The inner lining of the furnace body is one or more of refractory castables, refractory bricks, and water-cooled walls. This structure can isolate the high-temperature gas from the environment, preventing the metal wall temperature from being too high and scalding workers; at the same time, reducing the metal wall temperature can reduce the thickness of the pressure-bearing shell and lower the manufacturing cost.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] The present invention provides a three-stage biomass pressurized gasifier. The main body of the gasifier (furnace body 1) includes three-stage alkali metal capture zone 100, two-stage tar cracking zone 101, one-stage gasification reaction zone 102, high-temperature oxidation zone 103, gas chamber 104 and cold slag chamber 105. The fluidizing gas (steam, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, syngas and / or a small amount of oxygen) enters the gas chamber 104 from the fluidizing gas inlet 214 on the side wall of the lower part of the gasifier, and then enters the one-stage gasification reaction zone 102 of the gasifier through the small holes on the conical distributor 231. The fluidizing gas fluidizes the materials in the furnace, while controlling the bed temperature at 700 - 950 °C, and reacts with the biomass from the feed port 112 and the fine powder particles from the fine powder return port 212. The particles at the fine powder return port are the fine powder captured by the gas-solid separation device 2.

[0054] The oxidant (oxygen and / or air, steam and / or nitrogen) enters the high-temperature oxidation zone 103 through the central jet pipe 222. The oxidant undergoes an oxidation reaction with the carbon-containing fine powder from the low-temperature return powder port 233 and the high-temperature return powder port 213. The fine powder of the low-temperature return powder comes from the dust collector of the subsequent system, and the fine powder of the high-temperature return powder comes from the gas-solid separation device 2. The ash residue after the reaction of the carbon-containing material and the fine powder is discharged into the cold slag chamber 105 through the slag discharge loop pipe 216. The cold slag chamber is provided with a water spray loop pipe 218. Low-temperature liquid water can cool the high-temperature slag to below 400 °C, and the generated steam returns to the gasifier through the slag discharge loop pipe 216 to participate in the reaction. The cold slag chamber is provided with a pressure stabilizing pipe 220 to prevent the pressure fluctuation of the cold slag chamber. The cooled slag is discharged from the slag discharge port 122 out of the gasifier. The lower part of the cold slag chamber of the gasifier is provided with a cooling gas pipe 123. Inert gases such as steam, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen can be introduced into the pipe. This part of the cooling gas enters the cold slag chamber through 4-16 air channels on the circumferentially evenly distributed cooling loop pipe 124 to further cool the high-temperature slag.

[0055] There are 1-10 oxidant nozzles provided in the upper part of the first-stage gasification reaction zone. By injecting a certain amount of oxidant, the temperature of the second-stage tar cracking zone reaches 900-1200 °C, reaching the temperature required for tar cracking. In order to ensure a certain residence time for tar cracking, by enlarging the diameter of the second-stage tar cracking zone and reducing the gas velocity, it is ensured that the tar reacts fully. At the same time, the low gas velocity is beneficial to gas-solid separation.

[0056] There are 1-10 water spray nozzles 111 provided in the upper part of the third-stage alkali metal capture zone 100. By injecting a certain amount of cooling water, the temperature of this zone is controlled at 600-900 °C. The spraying direction of the cooling water converges at a point with the central axis of the syngas outlet 121. The low-temperature water can cause the alkali metals in the syngas to rapidly sublime and adhere to the fine powder particles, and then fall into the gasifier by the action of gravity for a secondary reaction.

[0057] The high-temperature syngas generated by the gasifier at 600-900 °C, mainly including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, etc., enters the syngas outlet pipe 221 at the top of the gasifier through the syngas outlet 121. The diameter of the outlet pipe is much smaller than the diameter of the gasifier, which can ensure the full mixing of the syngas, ensure the water spray cooling effect, cause the small amount of escaping alkali metals to rapidly sublime and adhere to the fine powder particles, and then fall into the gasifier again by the action of gravity for a secondary reaction. The cooled syngas enters the gas-solid separation device 2 through the inlet separator inlet 201 for gas-solid separation. The captured fine powder particles enter the gasifier 1 through the gas-solid separation device blanking pipe 211 for a secondary reaction, and the syngas enters the subsequent waste heat recovery system from the gas-solid separation device outlet 202.

[0058] Inspired by the above-described ideal embodiments of the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications completely within the scope not deviating from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace, characterized in that: include: Furnace body, water spray port, oxidant spray port, biomass feed port, conical distributor, fluidizing gas inlet, central jet pipe, slag discharge ring pipe, powder discharge port, slag discharge port, synthesis gas outlet, gasifier gas outlet pipe and gas-solid separation equipment; The furnace body is divided into three sections of alkali metal capture zone, two sections of tar cracking zone, one section of gasification reaction zone, high temperature oxidation zone, gas chamber and cold slag chamber from top to bottom. The diameter of the one section of gasification reaction zone is smaller than that of the two section of tar cracking zone. The synthesis gas outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body and is connected with the gas-solid separation equipment through the gasifier outlet pipe. At least one of the water spray ports is arranged in the three sections of alkali metal capture zone and intersects with the central axis of the synthesis gas outlet. The gasifier outlet pipe is vertically connected with the top of the furnace body. The oxidant nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the one section of gasification reaction zone. The biomass feed port is arranged at the lower part of the one section of gasification reaction zone. The bottom of the one section of gasification reaction zone is provided with The conical distributor is provided with air holes, and the furnace body is provided with a low-temperature powder return pipe connected to the low-temperature powder return port on the conical distributor. The fine powder of the low-temperature return powder comes from the dust collector of the subsequent system. The air chamber is provided with the fluidizing gas inlet and the powder unloading port, and is also provided with a water spray ring pipe. The water spray ring pipe is connected to the cold slag chamber through a pipeline. The cold slag chamber is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The upper end of the slag discharge ring pipe is connected to the conical distributor, and the lower end extends into the cold slag chamber. One end of the central jet tube is connected to the high-temperature oxidation zone, and the other end is connected to the outside of the furnace body. The bottom end of the cold slag chamber is the slag discharge port, and the furnace body is connected to the gas-solid separation equipment.

2. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipe of the gas-solid separation equipment is connected to the fine powder return port on the furnace body through a gas-solid valve.

3. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the feed pipe is connected to the high-temperature powder return port on the conical distributor through an ejector pipe.

4. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A voltage-stabilizing tube communicating with the outside of the furnace body is provided in the slag cooling chamber.

5. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical distributor is wide at the upper end and narrow at the lower end, and the conical distributor has a plurality of air holes distributed in a ring shape from top to bottom.

6. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the pores increases gradually from top to bottom.

7. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air holes are distributed in a circumferential manner, and multiple circles of air holes are arranged from top to bottom along the conical distributor.

8. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: In two adjacent circles of pores on the conical distributor, the diameter of the pores in the upper circle is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pores in the lower circle.

9. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between the direction of the air holes and the side wall of the conical distributor is 30° to 90°.

10. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central axes of the low-temperature powder return port and the high-temperature powder return port intersect with the central axis of the central jet tube at a point in the high-temperature oxidation zone.

11. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling air inlet pipe is provided in the middle of the slag cooling chamber, and a top end of the cooling air inlet pipe is connected to a cooling ring pipe communicating with the slag cooling chamber.

12. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that: The cooling ring pipe is provided with a plurality of downwardly inclined air passages.

13. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that: A conical protrusion is provided on the middle outer wall of the cooling ring pipe.

14. The three-stage biomass pressurized gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body is lined with one or more of refractory injection materials, refractory bricks, and water-cooled walls.

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