A slag feeding device and method for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process

Abstract

The present invention relates to a slag feeding and charging device and method for a large-scale gas-shielded electroslag furnace process, belonging to the field of electroslag special metallurgy technology, and solving the problem of changes in slag composition and physical properties during the long-term smelting process of electroslag ingots weighing more than 10 tons. A large-scale gas-shielded electroslag furnace process slag feeding and charging device, the large-scale gas-shielded electroslag furnace is a large-scale gas-shielded electroslag furnace weighing more than 10 tons; the process slag feeding and charging device is composed of a plurality of independent units, each unit including a group of metal hooks welded to the inner wall of the gas shield on the electroslag furnace, a slag packaging module and a hanging line; the slag packaging module is tied to the metal hook by the hanging line, and the slag packaging module is suspended above the horizontal plane of the slag, in the middle position between the upper crystallizer and the consumable electrode. The device and method of the present invention meet the requirements of metallurgical quality stability and consistency of large-scale electroslag ingots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag special metallurgy, and in particular relates to a slag feeding device and method for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process. Background Art

[0002] An electroslag remelting furnace (ESR) utilizes Joule heat generated by an electric current passing through a high-resistance liquid slag to perform secondary melting of metal electrodes. During the ESR process, the Joule heat of the slag pool heats and melts the metal electrodes, forming molten droplets at the ends. These droplets then drip through the slag layer and converge into a molten metal pool. Cooled by the mold and bottom water tank, the molten metal pool crystallizes into a uniform ESR ingot. As the most crucial component of ESR, slag requires a reasonable alkalinity, high resistivity, good fluidity, and a low melting point. ESR furnaces primarily include atmospheric pressure ESR and shielded atmosphere ESR. The latter uses a constant pressure of inert gas, such as argon or nitrogen, to prevent the burnout of easily oxidized elements in the material during the remelting process. Shielded atmosphere ESR furnaces are widely used for ESR remelting high-end metal materials such as special steels, high-temperature alloys, precision alloys, and corrosion-resistant alloys.

[0003] At present, most domestic and foreign special metallurgical enterprises mainly use furnaces ranging from several hundred kilograms to several tons. However, with the rapid development of the equipment manufacturing industry, the size of electroslag remelting equipment has gradually increased, and large electroslag furnaces weighing hundreds of tons have already appeared. The gradual increase in the tonnage of electroslag furnaces will lead to a longer electroslag remelting smelting time. Taking a 16-ton ingot as an example, the smelting time of the entire process of arc starting, remelting, and feeding is usually more than 20 hours. During the long electroslag remelting process, the liquid slag pool and the molten metal pool will interact continuously, and the chemical composition of the slag and its physical properties such as alkalinity, resistivity, and fluidity will change. At the same time, long-term smelting will also cause the burn-off of easily oxidized elements in the electrode material, which will adversely affect the composition consistency and surface quality of the electroslag ingot. At present, when special metallurgical enterprises smelt large electroslag ingots through electroslag remelting, they often use the method of directly adding slag through the slag feeding port during the remelting process (mixing the slag with deoxidizers such as aluminum powder). However, this method causes significant fluctuations in the slag pool level during addition. Furthermore, the added slag is low temperature, causing the slag pool to cool and requiring time to mix evenly with the existing liquid slag. This can lead to instability in the electroslag remelting process and can easily cause slag inclusions and slag groove defects in the electroslag ingots during slag addition. Therefore, for the long-term remelting of large electroslag ingots, improving the method of adding slag to improve the quality of the ingots has become a pressing technical issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a slag feeding device and method for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process, which is used to solve the problem of changes in slag composition and physical properties during the long-term smelting process of electroslag ingots of more than 10 tons, so as to meet the requirements of metallurgical quality stability and consistency of large electroslag ingots.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a process slag feeding and charging device for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace, wherein the large gas-shielded electroslag furnace is a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a capacity of more than 10 tons; the process slag feeding and charging device is composed of multiple independent units, each unit including a group of metal hooks 4 welded on the inner wall of the gas protection cover 3 on the electroslag furnace, a slag packaging module 8 and a suspension line 5; the slag packaging module 8 is tied to the metal hook 4 through the suspension line 5, and the slag packaging module 8 is suspended above the horizontal plane of the slag 10 and in the middle position between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9.

[0007] Furthermore, the projection of the metal hook 4 on the horizontal plane is located at 1 / 2 between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9 .

[0008] Furthermore, the metal hooks 4 are provided in groups of six or more and are welded evenly at intervals on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the gas protection cover 3 on the electroslag furnace at equal heights.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the suspension wire 5 is determined according to the specific height of the molten metal pool into which the slag and the deoxidizer are added during the electroslag remelting process.

[0010] Furthermore, the suspension line 5 is a dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the slag packaging module 8 includes a top cover 81, a barrel 84 and a handle 85. The outer diameter of the barrel 84 is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the distance between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9. The height of the barrel 84 is 3 to 4 times the outer diameter of the barrel 84. The wall thickness of the top cover 81 and the barrel 84 is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the top cover 81, the barrel 84 and the handle 85 is industrial pure iron with an iron content of more than 99.50%.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for slag feeding and charging in a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate 12 at the center of the bottom mold 13 to ensure good contact. Evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate 12. Use the overhead crane to place the upper mold 7 to the smelting station to ensure that the water pipes of the upper mold 7 and the bottom mold 13 are well connected.

[0015] Step 2: Use an overhead crane to hoist the consumable electrode 9 for smelting into the upper crystallizer 7, and use a triangular wooden wedge to position the consumable electrode 9 in the upper crystallizer 7 so that the consumable electrode 9 is installed and fixed in the center of the upper crystallizer 7. The distance between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9 is 10% to 20% of the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7.

[0016] Step 3: Determine the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the metal bath level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition based on the weight of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced, the melting rate, and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7, and then prepare a number of slag packaging modules 8 and suspension lines 5 for each slag addition.

[0017] Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect each suspension line 5 to each slag packaging module 8 and fix them on the metal hook 4 of the upper gas protection cover 3. Each slag packaging module 8 is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode 9 and the upper crystallizer 7.

[0018] Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield 3 and the electrode trolley 1, lower the electrode clamp 2 to the auxiliary electrode chuck, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode 9 to the center of the upper crystallizer 7;

[0019] Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover 3 until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add the initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port 14 of the lower gas protection cover 6;

[0020] Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, supply power for smelting, and gradually raise the molten metal pool and slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot 11. When the molten metal pool contacts the slag packaging module 8, the outer shell of the slag packaging module 8 begins to melt, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the molten metal pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer.

[0021] Step 8: Electroslag remelting is completed.

[0022] Furthermore, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0023] Step 3.1: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced i Calculate the initial slag weight M s ;

[0024] Step 3.2: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced i The total electroslag remelting time T is calculated based on the ratio of the melting rate V to the melting rate V;

[0025] Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each slag addition according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer 7 and the melting rate V. n ;

[0026] Step 3.4: The weight of each additional slag is the initial slag weight M s The weight of slag to be added each time is calculated based on 1% of the total weight. The weight of deoxidizer to be added each time is calculated based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode 9 and the content of easily oxidized elements in the steel. Then, the x amount of slag to be added for the nth time is prepared according to the principle of equal weight and the volume of the slag packaging module 8. n 8 slag packaging modules;

[0027] Step 3.5: According to the height h of the metal pool to which the slag is added n , according to the principle of equal height, make the x of the nth additional slag n 5 hanging lines.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 4, the slag packaging modules 8 for the same additional slag are evenly spaced and distributed on the same circumference of the horizontal cross section of the electroslag furnace.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following technical effects:

[0030] (1) The slag feeding device for the electric slag furnace process of the present invention adopts industrial pure iron as the material for the slag packaging module. The slag packaging module cannot melt while passing through the slag liquid, but begins to melt when it contacts the molten steel, releasing the slag and deoxidizer inside into the molten steel, thereby better realizing the steel slag reaction, as well as deoxidation or alloying.

[0031] (2) The slag feeding device and method for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace of the present invention does not require direct addition of slag through the slag feeding port during the remelting process, and does not cause large fluctuations in the slag pool liquid level when adding material, thereby reducing the exposure time to the air during the smelting process and ensuring a good gas protection effect.

[0032] (3) The slag feeding device and method for the electroslag furnace process of the present invention is that the added slag is preheated and baked in the hot slag pool in the electroslag furnace for a long time, which reduces the temperature fluctuation of the slag pool during the addition process and promotes the rapid melting of the added slag in the slag pool. As a result, the probability of slag inclusion and slag groove defects on the surface of the electroslag ingot caused by the temperature change of the slag pool after the addition of slag is reduced by 5% to 20%.

[0033] (4) The slag feeding device and method of the electric slag furnace process of the present invention adopts a method of adding slag at uniform intervals on the metal liquid surface, so that the areas where chemical reactions such as slag, deoxidation, and alloying occur are more extensive and uniform, thereby improving the consistency of the chemical composition of large electric slag ingots smelted in the final electric slag furnace and the stability of the smelting process. During the slag feeding stage, the fluctuation range of the easily oxidizable element content is reduced by 1% to 5%, and the variation range of the smelting current is reduced by 5% to 10%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference numerals designate like components throughout the drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace along the center line with a 6-unit process slag feeding and charging device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overhead structure of a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a 6-unit process slag feeding device from section AA to section BB;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and loading of the slag packaging module in the slag feeding and charging device of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure, 1-electrode trolley; 2-electrode clamp; 3-upper gas shield; 4-metal hook; 5-suspension line; 6-lower gas shield; 7-upper crystallizer; 8-slag packaging module; 9-consumable electrode; 10-slag; 11-electroslag ingot; 12-ingot guard plate; 13-bottom crystallizer; 14-slag feeding port; 81-top cover; 82-deoxidizer; 83-slag; 84-barrel; 85-handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a further detailed description of a slag feeding device and method for a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments are only used for comparison and explanation purposes, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0040] The gas-shielded electroslag remelting furnace is a cylindrical structure consisting, from top to bottom, of an upper gas shield, a lower gas shield, an upper mold, and a bottom mold. The upper gas shield is a frustoconical bell-shaped hood. A through-hole connecting the external motor and the consumable electrode inside the furnace is located in the center of its top surface. This through-hole is sealed during smelting. The consumable electrode is cylindrical, and the upper mold is also cylindrical. During operation, the consumable electrode is fixed to the center of the upper mold, with a constant and uniform spacing between the outer wall of the consumable electrode and the inner wall of the upper mold.

[0041] A slag feeding and replenishing device for a large-scale gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a capacity of more than 10 tons is composed of multiple independent units. Each unit includes a group of metal hooks 4 welded to the inner wall of the gas shield 3 on the electroslag furnace, a slag packaging module 8 and a suspension line 5; the slag packaging module 8 is tied to the metal hooks 4 through the suspension line 5, and the slag packaging module 8 is suspended above the horizontal plane of the slag 10, in the middle position between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal structure along the center line of a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a process slag feeding and charging device of 6 units attached to the present invention, including an electrode trolley 1, an electrode clamp 2, an upper gas protection cover 3, a metal hook 4, a suspension line 5, a lower gas protection cover 6, an upper crystallizer 7, a slag packaging module 8, a consumable electrode 9, slag 10, an electroslag ingot 11, an ingot guard plate 12, and a bottom crystallizer 13. The ingot guard plate 12 is fixed between the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, and the bottom crystallizer 13 is located below the electroslag ingot 11 and the ingot guard plate 12.

[0043] It should be noted that for large gas shielded electroslag furnaces with a capacity of more than 10 tons, the net height of the furnace is more than 5 meters, the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer is more than 1.1 meters, and the distance between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9, that is, the distance between the outer wall of the consumable electrode and the inner wall of the upper crystallizer, is about 10% to 20% of the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer. Figure 1 As can be seen in the figure, the upper gas shield 3 of the electroslag furnace is a water-cooled stainless steel shield with a certain slope. Its inner diameter decreases evenly from bottom to top, and the inner surface slope is ≤10°, and the slope is consistent. Several groups of metal hooks 4 are welded on its inner surface at the same height and uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction, so that the projection of the metal hooks 4 on the horizontal plane is located at 1 / 2 between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9.

[0044] Specifically, six or more groups of metal hooks 4, such as 6 to 24 groups, are evenly spaced and welded on the circumferential surface of the inner sidewall of the gas shield 3 of the electroslag furnace. If six groups are welded, the central angle formed by two adjacent groups is 60°; if 24 groups are welded, the central angle formed by two adjacent groups is 15°. A group of metal hooks 4 includes one hook. Each group of metal hooks 4 can form a slag packaging module 8 and a suspension wire 5 to form a process slag feeding unit. In addition, the slag feeding port 14 on the lower gas shield 3 is located in the middle between the two adjacent suspension wires 5, that is, the distance between the slag feeding port 14 of the lower gas shield 3 and the two adjacent suspension wires 5 is equal. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section of a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a 6-unit process slag feeding device.

[0045] Specifically, the suspension wire 5 is made of dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. The lower end of the suspension wire 5 is tied to the handle 85 of the slag packaging module 8, and the upper end of the suspension wire 5 is fixed to the metal hook 4 of the upper gas shield 3. Since the electroslag remelting process is a process in which the molten metal pool and slag pool gradually rise, slag and deoxidizer need to be added at a selected time during the electroslag remelting process. This means that the slag and deoxidizer are added at a specific height in the molten metal pool. Therefore, the specific length of the suspension wire 5 is determined by the specific height of the molten metal pool at which the slag and deoxidizer are added during the electroslag remelting process.

[0046] Specifically, the slag packaging module 8 is in the form of a barrel and includes a top cover 81, a barrel 84, and a handle 85. The top cover 81, barrel 84, and handle 85 are made of industrial pure iron with an iron content of at least 99.50%. The outer diameter of barrel 84 is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 the distance between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9. The height of barrel 84 is 3 to 4 times the outer diameter of barrel 84, for example, barrel 84 has an outer diameter of 75 mm and a height of 250 mm. The top cover 81 covers the barrel 84, and the wall thickness of the top cover 81 and barrel 84 is 0.1 to 0.2 mm. A handle 85 is fixed to the top of barrel 84 with symmetrical openings. The wire length of handle 85 is approximately twice the outer diameter of barrel 84, and the wire diameter of handle 85 is approximately 1 mm.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and loading of the slag packaging module in the slag feeding device of the process of the present invention. The barrel 84 of the slag packaging module 8 serves as a container, which contains slag 83 and deoxidizer 82 respectively. The top cover 81 covers the barrel 84 to prevent the slag 83 and deoxidizer 82 from scattering.

[0048] As mentioned above, for large-scale electroslag furnaces with a capacity of more than 10 tons, long-term smelting causes changes in the physical properties of the slag, and the easily oxidized elements in the electrode material are burned, which ultimately affects the quality of the smelting and the consistency of the composition. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the composition of the slag and the molten pool in a timely and multiple manner during the smelting process. The process slag feeding device of the present invention can achieve multiple stable additions of slag and deoxidizer by setting multiple independent process slag feeding device units with the same and / or different suspension line heights during the closed gas-shielded electroslag remelting process. In addition, as the metal molten pool and slag pool gradually rise during the electroslag remelting smelting, the radiant heat of the hot slag pool and the convection of the high-temperature protective gas continuously bake and heat the slag and deoxidizer before addition, which not only removes harmful residual moisture and volatile impurities in the slag and deoxidizer, but also increases the melting rate of the slag and deoxidizer after entering the molten pool, thereby ensuring the stability of the temperature system during the smelting process. It should be noted that the same set of metal hooks 4 can be used for process slag feeding device units with different suspension line heights, that is, the slag packaging modules 8 of process slag feeding device units with different suspension line heights can be tied to the same set of metal hooks 4 through suspension lines 5 of different lengths.

[0049] It should be noted that the main components of the dust-free asbestos rope are silicates, such as magnesium- and aluminum-containing silicates, which are common components in slag. Furthermore, the amount of suspension wire is relatively small relative to the amount of slag added, so the dust-free asbestos rope suspension wire has minimal impact on smelting after contact with the high-temperature slag pool. The slag packaging module 8 is made of industrial pure iron, which contains essential elements required for alloys. Furthermore, the weight of the slag packaging module 8 is relatively high compared to an electroslag ingot weighing over 10 tons, so its iron content has a similarly minimal impact on the steel ingot. Furthermore, because the melting point of pure iron is higher than that of the slag liquid, the slag packaging module 8 does not melt while passing through the slag liquid. Instead, it begins to melt upon contact with the molten steel, releasing the slag and deoxidizer within it into the molten steel, effectively achieving a slag reaction and deoxidation or alloying.

[0050] Furthermore, if the slag packaging module 8 has a low density after being filled with slag 83 and deoxidizer 82, and cannot effectively penetrate the slag layer by relying on its own weight, then the slag packaging module 8 can be counterweighted with the same steel material as the smelted electroslag ingot, thereby increasing the overall density of the slag packaging module 8.

[0051] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a method for slag feeding and charging in the large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate 12 at the center of the bottom mold 13 to ensure good contact. Evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate 12. Use the overhead crane to place the upper mold to the smelting station, and ensure that the water pipes of the upper mold and the bottom mold are well connected.

[0053] Step 2: Use an overhead crane to hoist the consumable electrode 9 for smelting into the upper crystallizer 7, and use a triangular wooden wedge to position the consumable electrode 9 in the upper crystallizer 7 so that the consumable electrode 9 is installed and fixed in the center of the upper crystallizer 7. The distance between the upper crystallizer 7 and the consumable electrode 9 is 10% to 20% of the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer.

[0054] Step 3: Determine the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the metal bath level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition based on the weight of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced, the melting rate, and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7, and then prepare a number of slag packaging modules 8 and suspension lines 5 for each slag addition.

[0055] Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect each suspension line 5 to each slag packaging module 8 and fix them on the metal hook 4 of the upper gas shield 3. Each slag packaging module 8 is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode and the upper crystallizer;

[0056] Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield 3 and the electrode trolley 1, lower the electrode clamp 2 to the auxiliary electrode chuck, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode 9 to the center of the upper crystallizer 7;

[0057] Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover 3 until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add the initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port 14 of the lower gas protection cover 6;

[0058] Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, supply power for smelting, and the molten metal pool and slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot 11 gradually rise. When the molten metal pool contacts the slag packaging module 8, the outer shell of the slag packaging module 8 begins to melt, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the molten metal pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer.

[0059] Step 8: Electroslag remelting is completed.

[0060] Specifically, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0061] Step 3.1: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced i Calculate the initial slag weight M s ;

[0062] Usually the initial slag weight M s =(0.03~0.04)×Electroslag ingot weight M i .

[0063] Step 3.2: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot 11 to be produced i The total electroslag remelting time T is calculated based on the ratio of the melting rate V to the melting rate V;

[0064] Specifically, the melting rate V is related to the steel type and the inner diameter d of the upper mold 7: V = kd. The melting rate V is expressed in kilograms per hour; k is a coefficient related to the steel type. For special steels such as stainless steel and bearing steel, k ranges from 0.65 to 0.95; for iron-based high-temperature alloys, k ranges from 0.45 to 0.65; and the inner diameter d of the upper mold 7 is expressed in millimeters.

[0065] Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each slag addition according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer 7 and the melting rate V. n ;

[0066] It should be noted that during the electroslag remelting process, slag and deoxidizer are added every 6 hours of smelting. The height of the metal pool with added slag is h n =24nV / (ρπd 2 ), where the metal pool height h n It represents the height of the metal pool after the nth slag addition, in millimeters; n represents the ordinal number of the added slag, V is the melting rate, in kilograms per hour; ρ is the density of the electroslag ingot, in kilograms per cubic millimeter; d is the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7, in millimeters.

[0067] Step 3.4: The weight of each additional slag is the initial slag weight M s The weight of slag to be added each time is calculated based on 1% of the total weight. The weight of deoxidizer to be added each time is calculated based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode 9 and the content of easily oxidized elements in the steel. Then, the x amount of slag to be added for the nth time is prepared according to the principle of equal weight and the volume of the slag packaging module 8. n 8 slag packaging modules, namely x n The weight of the slag and the weight of the deoxidizer in each slag packaging module 8 are equal, and the total weight of the slag and deoxidizer in each slag packaging module 8 is y n kg, x n ·y n Equal to 1% of the slag weight plus the weight of the deoxidizer that needs to be added this time;

[0068] Step 3.5: According to the height h of the metal pool to which the slag is added n , according to the principle of equal height, make the x of the nth additional slag n5 hanging lines;

[0069] It should be noted that in step 4, the slag packaging modules 8 for the same slag addition are evenly spaced on the same circumference of the horizontal section of the electroslag furnace, that is, the slag packaging modules 8 at the same height are evenly spaced on the same plane circumference.

[0070] The pre-melted slag added in step 1 and the initial slag added in step 6 are the same slag, the total amount of slag added twice is the weight of the initial slag determined in step 3, and most of the initial slag is added in step 6.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] A slag feeding and charging device for a gas-shielded electroslag furnace used to smelt 10 tons of H13 die steel features 12 sets of metal hooks 4 welded evenly spaced on the inner circumference of the gas shield 3 above the electroslag furnace, forming a 30° central angle between adjacent sets. The suspension wire 5 is made of dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 3mm. The top cover 81, drum 84, and handle 85 of the slag packaging module 8 are made of industrial pure iron with an iron content of 99.50%. The outer diameter of drum 84 is half the distance between the upper mold 7 and the consumable electrode 9, and the height of drum 84 is three times its outer diameter. The iron sheeting of the top cover 81 and drum 84 is 0.1mm thick. A handle 85 is fixed to the top of the drum 84, with a wire length twice the outer diameter of the drum 84 and a diameter of 1mm.

[0073] The slag feeding and charging method for the gas shielded electroslag furnace process of smelting 10 tons of H13 mold steel includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate 12 at the center of the bottom mold 13 to ensure good contact. Evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate 12. Use a binary slag system of 70% CaF2 + 30% Al2O3. Use an overhead crane to place the upper mold to the smelting station. Ensure that the water pipes of the upper mold and the bottom mold are well connected.

[0075] Step 2: Use an overhead crane to hoist the H13 die steel consumable electrode 9 bar for smelting into the upper crystallizer 7. Use a triangular wooden wedge to position the consumable electrode 9 in the upper crystallizer 7 so that the consumable electrode 9 is installed and fixed in the center of the upper crystallizer 7. The inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7 is 900 mm, and the diameter of the H13 die steel consumable electrode 9 is 700 mm. A uniform spacing of 100 mm is left between the outer wall of the consumable electrode 9 and the inner wall of the upper crystallizer 7.

[0076] Step 3: Based on the weight of 10 tons of H13 mold steel, the melting rate of H13 mold steel of approximately 625 kg / h, and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7 of 900 mm, determine the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the metal pool liquid level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition. Furthermore, prepare several slag packaging modules 8 and suspension lines 5 for each slag addition.

[0077] Specifically, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0078] Step 3.1. Calculate the initial slag weight M based on the weight of H13 mold steel s ;

[0079] Initial slag weight M s =0.033×10 tons=330kg, and a binary slag system of 70%CaF2+30%Al2O3 is selected.

[0080] Step 3.2, calculate the total electroslag remelting time T based on the ratio of the weight of the H13 mold steel to the melting rate V;

[0081] T = 10 (tons) / 625 (kg / hour) = 16 hours.

[0082] Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each slag addition according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer 7 and the melting rate V. n ;

[0083] During the electroslag remelting process, slag and deoxidizer are added once every 6 hours of smelting. According to calculations, slag and deoxidizer need to be added twice during the process;

[0084] The density of H13 mold steel is 7.85×10 -6 kg / mm 3 , the height of the metal pool with added slag h1=24V / (ρπd 2 )=751mm;h2=48V / (ρπd 2 )=1502mm.

[0085] Step 3.4: Based on the weight of the slag added each time being 1% of the initial slag weight of 330 kg, the weight of the slag added each time is calculated to be 3.3 kg. Based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode 9 and the content of easily oxidizable elements in the steel, the weight of the aluminum powder deoxidizer added each time is calculated to be 0.15 kg. Then, according to the equal weight principle and the volume of the slag packaging module 8, six slag packaging modules 8 for the first slag addition and six slag packaging modules 8 for the second slag addition are manufactured. The weights of the slag and aluminum powder deoxidizer in each slag packaging module 8 are 0.55 kg and 0.025 kg, respectively.

[0086] Step 3.5: Based on the heights h1 and h2 of the molten metal pool for the additional slag, make six 751 mm long hanging wires 5 for the first additional slag and six 1502 mm long hanging wires 5 for the second additional slag according to the principle of equal height.

[0087] Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect 12 suspension lines 5 of two lengths to 12 slag packaging modules 8, and fix them alternately on the 12 sets of metal hooks 4 of the upper gas shield 3 in sequence. Each slag packaging module 8 is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode 9 and the upper crystallizer 7.

[0088] Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield 3 and the electrode trolley 1, lower the electrode clamp 2 to the auxiliary electrode chuck, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode 9 to the center of the upper crystallizer 7;

[0089] Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover 3 until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add 330 kg of initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port 14 of the lower gas protection cover 6;

[0090] Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, supply power for smelting, and gradually raise the molten metal pool and slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot 11. When the molten metal pool contacts the slag packaging module 8, the outer shell of the slag packaging module 8 melts, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the high-temperature slag pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer.

[0091] Step 8: After the electroslag remelting and feeding phase is completed, the power is automatically turned off and the remaining portion of the consumable electrode 9 is lifted, and the smelting is completed.

[0092] There are no slag inclusions and slag groove defects on the surface of the electroslag ingot. During the slag addition stage, the fluctuation range of the easily oxidizable element content in the steel is reduced by 2%, and the variation range of the melting current is reduced by 7%.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] A slag feeding and charging device for a gas-shielded electroslag furnace used to smelt 16 tons of FB2 heat-resistant steel features 12 sets of metal hooks 4 welded evenly spaced on the inner circumference of the gas shield 3 above the electroslag furnace, forming a 30° central angle between adjacent sets. The suspension wire 5 is made of dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 5 mm. The top cover 81, drum 84, and handle 85 of the slag packaging module 8 are made of industrial pure iron with an iron content of 99.80%. The outer diameter of drum 84 is two-thirds the distance between the upper mold 7 and the consumable electrode 9, and the height of drum 84 is four times its outer diameter. The iron sheeting of the top cover 81 and drum 84 is 0.2 mm thick. A handle 85 is fixed to the top of the drum 84, with a wire length twice the outer diameter of the drum 84 and a diameter of 1 mm.

[0095] The slag feeding and charging method of the gas shielded electroslag furnace process for smelting 16 tons of FB2 heat-resistant steel includes the following steps:

[0096] Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate 12 at the center of the bottom crystallizer 13 to ensure good contact. Evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate 12. Use a five-element slag system of 55% CaF2-20% CaO-20% Al2O3-3% MgO-1% SiO2-1% B2O3. Use an overhead crane to place the upper crystallizer to the smelting station, and ensure that the water pipes of the upper crystallizer and the bottom crystallizer are well connected.

[0097] Step 2: Use an overhead crane to hoist the FB2 heat-resistant steel consumable electrode 9 for smelting into the upper mold 7. Use triangular wooden wedges to position the consumable electrode 9 in the upper mold 7 so that the consumable electrode 9 is installed and fixed in the center of the upper mold 7. The inner diameter of the upper mold 7 is 1030 mm, and the diameter of the FB2 heat-resistant steel consumable electrode 9 is 810 mm. A uniform spacing of 110 mm is left between the outer wall of the consumable electrode 9 and the inner wall of the upper mold 7.

[0098] Step 3: Based on the weight of FB2 heat-resistant steel (16 tons), the melting rate of FB2 heat-resistant steel (725 kg / h), and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer (7) of 1030 mm, determine the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the metal pool level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition. Furthermore, prepare several slag packaging modules 8 and suspension lines 5 for each slag addition.

[0099] Specifically, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0100] Step 3.1. Calculate the initial slag weight M based on the weight of FB2 heat-resistant steel s ;

[0101] Initial slag weight M s=0.03375×16 tons=540kg, and the five-element slag system of 55%CaF2-20%CaO-20%Al2O3-3%MgO-1%SiO2-1%B2O3 is selected.

[0102] Step 3.2, calculating the total electroslag remelting time T according to the ratio of the weight of the FB2 heat-resistant steel to the melting rate V;

[0103] T = 16 (tons) / 725 (kg / hour) = 22 hours.

[0104] Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each slag addition according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer 7 and the melting rate V. n ;

[0105] During the electroslag remelting process, slag and deoxidizer are added once every 6 hours of smelting. According to calculations, slag and deoxidizer need to be added three times during the process.

[0106] The density of FB2 heat-resistant steel is 7.81×10 -6 kg / mm 3 , the height of the metal pool with added slag h1=24V / (ρπd 2 )=669mm;h2=48V / (ρπd 2 )=1338mm;h3=72V / (ρπd 2 )=2007mm.

[0107] Step 3.4: Based on the weight of the slag added each time being 1% of the initial slag weight of 540 kg, the weight of the slag added each time is calculated to be 5.4 kg. Based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode 9 and the content of easily oxidizable elements in the steel, the weight of the aluminum powder deoxidizer added each time is calculated to be 0.4 kg. Then, according to the principle of equal weight and the volume of the slag packaging module 8, four slag packaging modules 8 for the first slag addition, four slag packaging modules 8 for the second slag addition, and four slag packaging modules 8 for the third slag addition are manufactured. The weights of the slag and aluminum powder deoxidizer in each slag packaging module 8 are 1.35 kg and 0.1 kg, respectively.

[0108] Step 3.5: Based on the heights h1, h2, and h3 of the metal pool for the additional slag, make four 669 mm long hanging wires 5 for the first additional slag, four 1338 mm long hanging wires 5 for the second additional slag, and four 2007 mm long hanging wires 5 for the third additional slag according to the principle of equal height.

[0109] Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect 12 suspension lines 5 of three different lengths to 12 slag packaging modules 8, and fix them alternately on the 12 sets of metal hooks 4 of the upper gas shield 3 in sequence. Each slag packaging module 8 is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode 9 and the upper crystallizer 7.

[0110] Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield 3 and the electrode trolley 1, lower the electrode clamp 2 to the auxiliary electrode chuck, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode 9 to the center of the upper crystallizer 7;

[0111] Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover 3 until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add 540 kg of initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port 14 of the lower gas protection cover 6;

[0112] Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, supply power for smelting, and gradually raise the molten metal pool and slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot 11. When the molten metal pool contacts the slag packaging module 8, the outer shell of the slag packaging module 8 melts, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the high-temperature slag pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer.

[0113] Step 8: After the electroslag remelting and feeding phase is completed, the power is automatically turned off and the remaining portion of the consumable electrode 9 is lifted, and the smelting is completed.

[0114] There are no slag inclusions and slag groove defects on the surface of the electroslag ingot. During the slag addition stage, the fluctuation range of the easily oxidizable element content in the steel is reduced by 5%, and the variation range of the smelting current is reduced by 5%.

[0115] Example 3

[0116] A slag feeding and charging device for a gas-shielded electroslag furnace used to smelt 10 tons of GH2150 iron-based superalloy is used. Eighteen sets of metal hooks 4 are evenly spaced and welded to the inner circumference of the gas shield 3 on the upper side of the electroslag furnace, forming a 20° central angle between adjacent sets. The suspension wire 5 is made of dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 4 mm. The top cover 81, drum 84, and handle 85 of the slag packaging module 8 are made of industrial pure iron with an iron content of 99.80%. The outer diameter of drum 84 is half the distance between the upper mold 7 and the consumable electrode 9, and the height of drum 84 is three times its outer diameter. The iron sheeting of the top cover 81 and drum 84 is 0.15 mm thick. A handle 85 is fixed to the top of the drum 84, with a wire length twice the outer diameter of the drum 84 and a diameter of 1 mm.

[0117] The slag feeding and charging method for the gas shielded electroslag furnace process of smelting 10 tons of GH2150 iron-based high-temperature alloy includes the following steps:

[0118] Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate 12 at the center of the bottom crystallizer 13 to ensure good contact. Evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate 12. Use a quaternary slag system of 69% CaF2 + 14% Al2O3 + 4% CaO + 3% TiO2. Use an overhead crane to place the upper crystallizer to the smelting station, and ensure that the water pipes of the upper crystallizer and the bottom crystallizer are well connected.

[0119] Step 2: Use an overhead crane to hoist the GH2150 iron-based superalloy consumable electrode 9 bar for smelting into the upper crystallizer 7, and use a triangular wooden wedge to position the consumable electrode 9 in the upper crystallizer 7 so that the consumable electrode 9 is installed and fixed in the center of the upper crystallizer 7. The inner diameter of the upper crystallizer 7 is 880 mm, and the diameter of the GH2150 iron-based superalloy consumable electrode 9 is 680 mm. A uniform spacing of 100 mm is left between the outer wall of the consumable electrode 9 and the inner wall of the upper crystallizer 7.

[0120] Step 3: Based on the weight of GH2150 iron-based superalloy (10 tons), the melting rate of GH2150 iron-based superalloy (500 kg / h), and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer (7) of 880 mm, determine the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the metal pool level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition. Furthermore, prepare several slag packaging modules (8) and suspension lines (5) for each slag addition.

[0121] Specifically, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0122] Step 3.1. Calculate the initial slag weight M based on the weight of GH2150 iron-based superalloy. s ;

[0123] Initial slag weight M s =0.03×10 tons=300kg, select

[0124] Quaternary slag system of 69%CaF2+14%Al2O3+14%CaO+3%TiO2.

[0125] Step 3.2, calculating the total electroslag remelting time T based on the ratio of the weight of the GH2150 iron-based superalloy to the melting rate V;

[0126] T = 10 (tons) / 500 (kg / hour) = 20 hours.

[0127] Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each slag addition according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer 7 and the melting rate V. n ;

[0128] During the electroslag remelting process, slag and deoxidizer are added once every 6 hours of smelting. According to calculations, slag and deoxidizer need to be added three times during the process.

[0129] The density of GH2150 iron-based high-temperature alloy is 8.25×10 -6 kg / mm 3 , the height of the metal pool with added slag h1=24V / (ρπd 2 )=598mm;h2=48V / (ρπd 2 )=1196mm;h3=72V / (ρπd 2 )=1794mm.

[0130] Step 3.4: Based on the assumption that the weight of the additional slag each time is 1% of the initial slag weight of 300 kg, the weight of the additional slag each time is calculated to be 3 kg. Based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode 9 and the content of easily oxidizable elements in the steel, the weight of the additional aluminum powder deoxidizer each time is calculated to be 0.1 kg. Furthermore, according to the principle of equal weight and the volume of the slag packaging module 8, six slag packaging modules 8 for the first additional slag addition, six slag packaging modules 8 for the second additional slag addition, and six slag packaging modules 8 for the third additional slag addition are manufactured. The weights of the slag and the aluminum powder deoxidizer in each slag packaging module 8 are 0.5 kg and 0.017 kg, respectively.

[0131] Step 3.5: Based on the heights h1, h2, and h3 of the molten metal pool for the additional slag, make six 598 mm long hanging wires 5 for the first additional slag, six 1196 mm long hanging wires 5 for the second additional slag, and six 1794 mm long hanging wires 5 for the third additional slag according to the principle of equal height.

[0132] Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect 18 suspension wires 5 of three different lengths to 18 slag packaging modules 8, and fix them alternately on 18 sets of metal hooks 4 of the upper gas shield 3 in sequence. Each slag packaging module 8 is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode 9 and the upper crystallizer 7.

[0133] Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield 3 and the electrode trolley 1, lower the electrode clamp 2 to the auxiliary electrode chuck, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode 9 to the center of the upper crystallizer 7;

[0134] Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover 3 until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add 300 kg of initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port 14 of the lower gas protection cover 6;

[0135] Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer 7 and the bottom crystallizer 13, supply power for smelting, and gradually raise the molten metal pool and slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot 11. When the molten metal pool contacts the slag packaging module 8, the outer shell of the slag packaging module 8 melts, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the high-temperature slag pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer.

[0136] Step 8: After the electroslag remelting and feeding phase is completed, the power is automatically turned off and the remaining portion of the consumable electrode 9 is lifted, and the smelting is completed.

[0137] There are no slag inclusions and slag groove defects on the surface of the electroslag ingot. During the slag addition stage, the fluctuation range of the easily oxidizable element content in the steel is reduced by 1%, and the variation range of the melting current is reduced by 10%.

[0138] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large gas shielded electroslag furnace process slag feeding device, characterized in that: The large gas-shielded electroslag furnace is a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace with a capacity of more than 10 tons; the process slag feeding device is composed of a plurality of independent units, each unit including a group of metal hooks (4) welded on the inner wall of the gas shield (3) on the electroslag furnace, a slag packaging module (8) and a suspension line (5); the slag packaging module (8) is tied to the metal hook (4) through the suspension line (5), and the slag packaging module (8) is suspended above the horizontal plane of the molten slag (10) and in the middle position between the upper crystallizer (7) and the consumable electrode (9); The slag packaging module (8) includes a top cover (81), a barrel (84) and a handle (85), the outer diameter of the barrel (84) is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the distance between the upper crystallizer (7) and the consumable electrode (9), the height of the barrel (84) is 3 to 4 times the outer diameter of the barrel (84), and the wall thickness of the top cover (81) and the barrel (84) is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The projection of the metal hook (4) on the horizontal plane is located at 1 / 2 between the upper crystallizer (7) and the consumable electrode (9).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The metal hooks (4) are in groups of more than 6 and are welded evenly at intervals on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the gas protection cover (3) on the electroslag furnace at equal heights.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the suspension wire (5) is determined according to the specific height of the metal molten pool to which the slag and deoxidizer are added during the electroslag remelting process.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The suspension line (5) is a dust-free asbestos rope with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The top cover (81), the barrel (84) and the handle (85) are made of industrial pure iron with an iron content of more than 99.50%.

7. A method for slag feeding and charging in a large gas-shielded electroslag furnace process, characterized in that: The process slag feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the ingot guard plate (12) at the center of the bottom crystallizer (13) to ensure good contact, evenly spread a layer of pre-melted slag around the arc starting plate in the middle of the ingot guard plate (12), and use the overhead crane to place the upper crystallizer (7) to the smelting station, ensuring that the water pipes of the upper crystallizer (7) and the bottom crystallizer (13) are well connected; Step 2: Use a crane to lift the consumable electrode (9) bar for smelting into the upper crystallizer (7), and use a triangular wooden wedge to position the consumable electrode (9) in the upper crystallizer (7) so that the consumable electrode (9) is installed and fixed in the center of the upper crystallizer (7). The distance between the upper crystallizer (7) and the consumable electrode (9) is 10% to 20% of the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer (7); Step 3, determining the initial slag weight, the number of slag additions, the height of the metal molten pool liquid level for each slag addition, and the slag weight and deoxidizer weight for each slag addition based on the weight of the electroslag ingot (11) to be produced, the melting rate, and the inner diameter of the upper crystallizer (7), and then manufacturing a plurality of slag packaging modules (8) and hanging lines (5) for each slag addition; Step 4: Rotate the furnace head horizontal arm to the smelting station, connect each suspension line (5) to each slag packaging module (8) and fix them on the metal hook (4) of the upper gas protection cover (3), and each slag packaging module (8) is suspended in the middle position between the consumable electrode (9) and the upper crystallizer (7); Step 5: Slowly lower the upper gas shield (3) and the electrode trolley (1), lower the electrode clamp (2) to the auxiliary electrode clamp, operate to make the two engage, remove the triangular wooden wedge, and adjust the consumable electrode (9) to the center of the upper crystallizer (7); Step 6: Clean the upper and lower conductive copper columns of the electroslag furnace, close the upper gas protection cover (3) until it is in good contact with the conductive copper columns, and add the initial slag into the electroslag furnace through the slag adding port (14) of the lower gas protection cover (6); Step 7: Open the cooling water valves of the upper crystallizer (7) and the bottom crystallizer (13), open the exhaust valves of the upper crystallizer (7) and the bottom crystallizer (13), and supply electricity for smelting. The metal molten pool and the slag pool of the bottom electroslag ingot (11) gradually rise. When the metal molten pool contacts the slag packaging module (8), the outer shell of the slag packaging module (8) begins to melt, and the internal slag and deoxidizer enter the metal molten pool, completing the addition of slag and deoxidizer. Step 8: Electroslag remelting is completed.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Step 3.1: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot (11) to be produced i Calculate the initial slag weight M s ; Step 3.2: According to the weight M of the electroslag ingot (11) to be produced i The total electroslag remelting time T is calculated based on the ratio of the melting rate V to the melting rate V; Step 3.3: Determine the number of times N to add slag according to the total electroslag remelting time T, and calculate the metal pool height h for each addition of slag according to the inner diameter d of the upper crystallizer (7) and the melting rate V. n ; Step 3.4: The weight of each additional slag is the initial slag weight M s The weight of the slag to be added each time is calculated based on 1% of the total weight. The weight of the deoxidizer to be added each time is calculated based on the oxygen content in the consumable electrode (9) and the content of the easily oxidizable elements in the steel. Then, the x amount of slag to be added for the nth time is prepared according to the equal weight principle and the volume of the slag packaging module (8). n slag packaging modules (8); Step 3.5: According to the height h of the metal pool to which the slag is added n , according to the principle of equal height, make the x of the nth additional slag n Suspension wire (5).

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that In the step 4, the slag packaging modules (8) for adding slag at the same time are evenly spaced and distributed on the same circumference of the horizontal cross section of the electroslag furnace.

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