Prefabricated stair and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an assembled stair and a construction method thereof, which comprises a prefabricated stair section, an upper stair beam, a lower stair beam, an upper stair post-cast section, a lower stair post-cast section, an upper platform plate and a lower platform plate, wherein the two ends of the prefabricated stair section are respectively arranged on the upper stair beam and the lower stair beam, the upper platform plate and the prefabricated stair section are connected through the upper stair post-cast section, the lower platform plate and the prefabricated stair section are connected through the lower stair post-cast section, a gap section is arranged between the upper platform plate and the upper stair post-cast section, the upper platform plate and the upper stair post-cast section are movably connected or fixedly connected, and the lower platform plate and the lower stair post-cast section are fixedly connected. The assembled stair is simple and firm in connection mode, good in integrity, and capable of realizing two connection modes of sliding connection and fixed connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure technology, specifically to a prefabricated staircase and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated buildings offer advantages such as greater energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, resource conservation, shorter construction time, reduced noise pollution, and more controllable quality. Therefore, in recent years, prefabricated construction has progressed from its initial stages to large-scale development, and from government-led initiatives to market-driven development, exhibiting a nationwide and comprehensive development trend across the entire industry chain.

[0003] Meanwhile, due to the complexity and inconvenience of cast-in-place staircase construction, the application of prefabricated staircases is receiving increasing attention. Currently, prefabricated staircases are typically installed using pre-drilled bolt holes, resulting in a relatively complex structure. Furthermore, the construction of these pre-drilled holes and the implementation of reinforcement measures are cumbersome, leading to lower efficiency in the fabrication and installation of prefabricated staircases. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a prefabricated staircase and its construction method, which aims to simplify the structural form of the prefabricated staircase and improve its installation efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a prefabricated staircase, comprising a prefabricated stair section, an upper stair beam, a lower stair beam, a cast-in-place upper stair section, a cast-in-place lower stair section, an upper platform slab, and a lower platform slab, wherein...

[0006] The two ends of the precast stair section are respectively erected on the upper stair beam and the lower stair beam. The upper platform slab and the precast stair section are connected to the upper stair post-cast section, and the lower platform slab and the precast stair section are connected to the lower stair post-cast section. A gap is provided between the upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section. The upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section are movably connected or fixedly connected, and the lower platform slab and the lower stair post-cast section are fixedly connected.

[0007] Preferably, both ends of the precast stair section have reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards. The reserved reinforcing bars at the top of the precast stair section are accommodated inside the upper stair post-cast section, and the reserved reinforcing bars at the bottom of the precast stair section are accommodated inside the lower stair post-cast section.

[0008] Preferably, the lower staircase post-cast section has a reserved reinforcing bar extending outward at its end, and the reserved reinforcing bar extending outward from the lower staircase beam is accommodated inside the lower staircase post-cast section.

[0009] Preferably, the prefabricated staircase further includes a tensile chain, one end of which extends into the interior of the upper platform slab, and the other end of which extends into the interior of the upper staircase post-cast section.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the tensile chain is fixedly connected to the reserved reinforcing steel bars of the precast stair section.

[0011] Preferably, the tensile chain is in a tensioned state when concrete is poured into the gap section; and in a relaxed state when no concrete is poured into the gap section.

[0012] Preferably, when the gap section is not filled with concrete, a sliding pad is installed at the contact point between the cantilevered part of the upper stair beam and the precast stair section.

[0013] Preferably, the top of both the upper and lower stair beams is provided with positioning grooves, and both ends of the prefabricated stair section are provided with positioning parts that are adapted to the positioning grooves. The positioning parts are accommodated in the positioning grooves to limit the position of the prefabricated stair section.

[0014] The present invention further proposes a construction method for prefabricated stairs based on the above, comprising the following steps:

[0015] After the upper stair beam, lower stair beam, upper platform slab and lower platform slab are poured on site, the prefabricated stair sections will be transported to the site from the factory.

[0016] The prefabricated stair sections are erected above the upper and lower stair beams using hoisting equipment;

[0017] Weld the tensile chains of the upper platform plate to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section, and weld the reserved steel bars of the lower stair beam to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section.

[0018] Concrete is poured between the upper platform slab and the precast stair section to form the upper stair post-cast section, and concrete is poured between the lower platform slab and the precast stair section to form the lower stair post-cast section.

[0019] Preferably, when welding the tensile chains of the upper platform slab to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section, the tensile chains of the upper platform slab are kept in a relaxed state when the gap section is not poured. When pouring the post-cast section of the upper stair, the gap section is not poured between the post-cast section of the upper stair and the upper platform slab. When pouring the gap section, the tensile chains of the upper platform slab are kept in a taut state.

[0020] The prefabricated staircase proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Only pre-reserved steel bars and pre-fabricated tensile chains are required; the connection method is simple and strong, and the overall integrity is good.

[0022] 2. Precast staircases have a simple structure, are easy to construct, and are highly efficient to install;

[0023] 3. This prefabricated staircase improves the structural connection performance between the prefabricated staircase sections and the main frame by setting up post-cast sections on the upper and lower sides. Simultaneously, the inclusion of gap sections allows for both sliding and fixed connections, making it suitable for various structural forms. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a side view of the first embodiment of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated stair section in the first embodiment of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower stair beam in the first embodiment of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram, 1. Precast stair section, 2. Upper stair beam, 3. Lower stair beam, 4. Upper stair post-cast section, 5. Lower stair post-cast section, 6. Reserved steel bars for the precast stair section, 7. Reserved steel bars for the lower stair beam, 8. Platform slab, 9. Tensile chain, 10. Gap section.

[0029] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] This invention proposes a prefabricated staircase. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 4 . Figure 1 and Figure 2In the diagram, d1 represents the length of the tensile chain 9 between the side of the upper platform slab and the side of the upper staircase post-cast section 4. t1 represents the distance between the side of the upper platform slab and the side of the upper staircase post-cast section 4, t2 represents the distance between the precast staircase section 1 and the corresponding surface of the upper staircase beam 2, and h1 is the height of the cantilevered portion of the staircase beam. This gap allows for consideration of construction errors and facilitates on-site installation of the precast staircase section; it also allows for the installation of a sliding pad on the cantilevered portion of the upper staircase beam 1, enabling relative sliding between the precast staircase section and the upper staircase beam, thus achieving the function of a sliding support.

[0033] Based on the relationship between d1 and t1, the connection method can be varied to meet different structural forms and seismic requirements. When d1 = t1, the gap section needs to be filled with concrete, and the precast stair section is fixed to the upper stair beam as a whole, and cannot slide relative to it. When d1 > t1 and d1 - t1 > h1 - t2, the gap section does not need to be filled with concrete, and the precast stair section can slide relative to the upper stair beam. Satisfying the condition d1 - t1 > h1 - t2 is to prevent the precast stair section from sliding out of the cantilevered part of the upper stair beam.

[0034] This invention proposes a first embodiment of a prefabricated staircase. In this embodiment, the prefabricated staircase includes a prefabricated stair section 1, an upper stair beam 2, a lower stair beam 3, a cast-in-place upper stair section 4, a cast-in-place lower stair section 5, an upper platform slab, and a lower platform slab, wherein...

[0035] The two sections of the precast stair section 1 are respectively erected on the upper stair beam 2 and the lower stair beam 3. The upper platform slab and the precast stair section 1 form the upper stair post-cast section 4, and the lower platform slab and the precast stair section 1 form the lower stair post-cast section 5. A gap section 10 is provided between the upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section 4. The upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section 4 are movably connected, and the lower platform slab and the lower stair post-cast section 5 are fixedly connected.

[0036] Furthermore, both sections of the precast staircase 1 have pre-reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards. The pre-reserved reinforcing bars at the top of the precast staircase 1 are housed inside the upper staircase post-cast section 4, and the pre-reserved reinforcing bars at the bottom of the precast staircase 1 are housed inside the lower staircase post-cast section 5. By setting the pre-reserved reinforcing bars, the connection strength between the precast staircase 1 and the upper staircase post-cast section 4 is ensured, thus guaranteeing the overall structural strength.

[0037] Furthermore, the lower staircase post-cast section 5 has pre-reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards at its ends. These pre-reserved reinforcing bars from the lower staircase beam 3 are housed within the lower staircase post-cast section 5, thus ensuring the connection strength between the precast staircase section 1 and the lower staircase post-cast section 5, and guaranteeing the overall structural strength. The placement and connection method of the pre-reserved reinforcing bars in the precast staircase section 1 and the lower staircase beam 3 must meet the requirements of the specifications.

[0038] Furthermore, this prefabricated staircase includes a tensile chain 9, one end of which extends into the upper platform slab, and the other end of which extends into the upper staircase post-cast section 4. The ends of the tensile chain 9 are fixedly connected to the reserved reinforcing bars of the prefabricated staircase section 1 (welding connection may be used). The left side of the tensile chain 9 is embedded in the upper platform slab, and the right side is welded to the reserved reinforcing bars of the upper prefabricated staircase section.

[0039] Furthermore, positioning grooves are provided at the top of both the upper stair beam 2 and the lower stair beam 3, and positioning parts adapted to the positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the prefabricated stair section 1. The positioning parts are accommodated in the positioning grooves to define the position of the prefabricated stair section 1. In this embodiment, by setting positioning grooves and positioning parts in cooperation, it is convenient to initially position the hoisted prefabricated stair section 1, thus simplifying the construction process of this prefabricated staircase.

[0040] Furthermore, the upper stair beam 2 and the lower stair beam 3 have the same shape, which simplifies the construction process of this prefabricated staircase.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the upper staircase post-cast section 4 is poured, and before the gap section is filled with concrete, the tensile chain is in a relaxed state.

[0042] Furthermore, when the gap section is not filled with concrete, a sliding pad (which can be made of a sliding material such as polytetrafluoroethylene board) is installed at the contact part between the cantilevered part of the upper stair beam 4 and the precast stair section 1, so as to achieve the function of a sliding support.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The manufacturing process of this prefabricated staircase is as follows: During construction, the prefabricated staircase section 1, which has been designed and processed in the factory, is transported to the site, ensuring the presence of the reserved reinforcing steel 6 in the prefabricated staircase section 1; the upper staircase beam 2, the lower staircase beam 3, and the platform slab 8 are poured on site, ensuring the presence of the reserved reinforcing steel 7 and tensile chain 9 in the lower staircase beam 3; the prefabricated staircase section 11 is transported to the corresponding staircase installation position using hoisting equipment, and the upper and lower sides of the prefabricated staircase section 1 are manually placed into the grooves of the upper staircase beam 2 and the lower staircase beam 3, respectively, ensuring the prefabricated staircase section 1 is installed correctly. The positioning of stair section 1 is accurate, and the arrangement of the precast steel bars 6 and the precast steel bars 7 of the lower stair beam 3 are not disturbed or are tidied up after being disturbed; the tensile chain 9 is loosened (d1>t1) and welded to the right side of the precast steel bar 6 of the upper stair section 1, and the precast steel bars of the lower stair beam 3 are welded to the precast steel bars 6 of the precast stair section 1; with the help of the template, a loose length (d1) of the tensile chain 9 is left in the gap section 10, and the post-pouring construction of the upper stair post-pouring section 4 and the lower stair post-pouring section 5 is completed, and the prefabricated staircase is completed as a whole.

[0044] The prefabricated staircase proposed in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. Only pre-reserved steel bars and pre-fabricated tensile chains are required; the connection method is simple and strong, and the overall integrity is good.

[0046] 2. Precast staircases have a simple structure, are easy to construct, and are highly efficient to install;

[0047] 3. This prefabricated staircase improves the connection performance between the prefabricated staircase section and the main frame by setting up post-cast sections on the upper and lower sides of the staircase.

[0048] This invention proposes a second embodiment of a prefabricated staircase. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the upper platform slab and the upper post-cast staircase section are fixedly connected (i.e., the gap section 10 is filled with concrete), and the tensile chain 9 is in a taut state. Therefore, the prefabricated staircase section 1 cannot be moved at this time, and d1 = t1.

[0049] The manufacturing process of this prefabricated staircase is as follows: During construction, the prefabricated staircase section 1, which has been designed and processed in the factory, is transported to the site, ensuring that the pre-reserved steel bars 6 are reserved in the prefabricated staircase section 1; the upper staircase beam 2, the lower staircase beam 3, and the platform slab 8 are poured on site, ensuring that the pre-reserved steel bars 7 and tensile chains 9 are reserved in the lower staircase beam 3; the prefabricated staircase section 1 is transported to the corresponding staircase installation position using hoisting equipment, and the upper and lower sides of the prefabricated staircase section 1 are placed onto the upper staircase beam 2 and the lower staircase beam 3 by manual labor. In the groove, ensure accurate positioning of the precast stair section 1, and ensure that the arrangement of the precast steel bars 6 and the precast steel bars 7 of the lower stair beam 3 are not disturbed or are tidied up after being disturbed; tighten the tensile chain 9 (d1=t1) and weld it to the precast steel bar 6 of the upper precast stair section 1 on the right side, and weld the precast steel bars of the lower stair beam 3 to the precast steel bars 6 of the precast stair section 1; with the help of the formwork, complete the post-cast construction of the upper stair post-cast section 4, the lower stair post-cast section 5 and the gap section 10, and the prefabricated staircase is completed as a whole.

[0050] This invention proposes a construction method for prefabricated stairs.

[0051] In this preferred embodiment, a construction method based on the above-mentioned prefabricated staircase includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S10: After the upper stair beam 2, lower stair beam 3, upper platform slab and lower platform slab are poured on site, the prefabricated stair section 1 will be transported to the site.

[0053] Step S20: Use hoisting tools to erect the prefabricated stair section 1 above the upper stair beam 2 and the lower stair beam 3;

[0054] Step S30: Weld the tensile chain 9 of the upper platform plate to the reserved steel bar of the precast stair section 1, and weld the reserved steel bar of the lower stair beam 3 to the reserved steel bar of the precast stair section 1.

[0055] Step S40: Concrete is poured between the upper platform slab and the precast stair section 1 to form the upper stair post-cast section 4, and concrete is poured between the lower platform slab and the precast stair section 1 to form the lower stair post-cast section 5.

[0056] In step S30, when welding the tensile chain 9 of the upper platform plate to the reserved steel bar of the precast stair section 1, when the gap section is not poured, the tensile chain 9 of the upper platform plate is kept in a relaxed state. When pouring the post-cast section 4 of the upper staircase, the part between the post-cast section 4 of the upper staircase and the upper platform plate is not poured to form a gap section 10. When the gap section is poured, the tensile chain 9 of the upper platform plate is kept in a taut state.

[0057] The prefabricated staircase construction method proposed in this invention is simple to operate and has high construction efficiency.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated staircase, characterized in that, This includes precast stair sections, upper stair beams, lower stair beams, post-cast upper stair section, post-cast lower stair section, upper platform slab, and lower platform slab. The precast stair section is supported at both ends by an upper stair beam and a lower stair beam, respectively. The upper platform slab and the precast stair section form the upper stair post-cast section, and the lower platform slab and the precast stair section form the lower stair post-cast section. A gap is provided between the upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section. The upper platform slab and the upper stair post-cast section are movably or fixedly connected, while the lower platform slab and the lower stair post-cast section are fixedly connected. The system also includes a tensile chain, with one end extending into the upper platform slab and the other end extending into the upper stair post-cast section. Positioning grooves are provided at the top of both the upper and lower stair beams, and positioning fittings adapted to these grooves are provided at both ends of the precast stair section. The positioning part is housed in the positioning groove to define the position of the precast stair section; the positioning groove is a V-shaped groove, and the positioning part is a V-shaped protrusion; d1 represents the length of the tensile chain between the side of the upper platform plate and the side of the upper stair post-cast section, t1 represents the distance between the side of the upper platform plate and the side of the upper stair post-cast section, t2 represents the distance between the precast stair section and the corresponding surface of the upper stair beam, and h1 is the height of the cantilevered part of the stair beam. When d1=t1, the gap section needs to be filled with concrete, and the precast stair section and the upper stair beam are fixed as a whole and cannot slide relative to each other; when d1>t1 and d1-t1>h1-t2, the gap section does not need to be filled with concrete, and the precast stair section and the upper stair beam can slide relative to each other.

2. The prefabricated staircase as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the precast stair section have reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards. The reserved reinforcing bars at the top of the precast stair section are accommodated inside the upper stair post-cast section, and the reserved reinforcing bars at the bottom of the precast stair section are accommodated inside the lower stair post-cast section.

3. The prefabricated staircase as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower staircase post-cast section has reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards at its end, and the reserved reinforcing bars extending outwards from the lower staircase beam are accommodated inside the lower staircase post-cast section.

4. The prefabricated staircase as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the tensile chain is fixedly connected to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section.

5. The prefabricated staircase as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When concrete is poured into the gap section, the tensile chain is in a taut state; when no concrete is poured into the gap section, the tensile chain is in a slack state.

6. The prefabricated staircase as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the gap section is not filled with concrete, a sliding pad is installed at the contact point between the cantilevered part of the upper stair beam and the precast stair section.

7. The prefabricated staircase as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower stair beams have the same shape.

8. A construction method for a prefabricated staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the upper stair beam, lower stair beam, upper platform slab and lower platform slab are poured on site, the prefabricated stair sections will be transported to the site from the factory. The prefabricated stair sections are erected above the upper and lower stair beams using hoisting equipment; Weld the tensile chains of the upper platform plate to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section, and weld the reserved steel bars of the lower stair beam to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section. Concrete is poured between the upper platform slab and the precast stair section to form the upper stair post-cast section, and concrete is poured between the lower platform slab and the precast stair section to form the lower stair post-cast section.

9. The construction method of the prefabricated staircase as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When welding the tensile chains of the upper platform slab to the reserved steel bars of the precast stair section, the tensile chains of the upper platform slab should be kept in a relaxed state when the gap section is not poured. When pouring the post-cast section of the upper stair section, the part between the post-cast section of the upper stair section and the upper platform slab should not be poured to form a gap section. When pouring the gap section, the tensile chains of the upper platform slab should be kept in a taut state.

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