An abrasive tool

Abstract

The application discloses a grinding tool, which comprises a transmission shaft and a grinding block coaxially fixedly connected with one end of the transmission shaft, an axle pipe is coaxially installed outside the transmission shaft, a receiving hopper is fixedly arranged at one end of the axle pipe close to the grinding block, a sleeve is coaxially sleeved outside the axle pipe, the sleeve is arranged in a spaced mode with the axle pipe, so that a cavity is defined between the sleeve and the axle pipe, one end of the sleeve is sealingly and fixedly connected with the axle pipe, and the other end of the sleeve extends into the receiving hopper, so that the receiving hopper is communicated with the cavity, air suction holes communicated with the cavity are arranged on the sleeve, a protective cover is sealingly and fixedly sleeved outside the sleeve, and the end of the protective cover away from the sleeve extends to be flush with the working surface of the grinding block. The grinding tool is provided with the protective cover outside the grinding block, the grinding block is completely covered by the protective cover, the problem of splashing of ash and slag to hurt people and objects is eliminated, meanwhile, the protective cover is elastic, the polishing working surface of the grinding tool can be fully contacted with a polishing workpiece, and the polishing work is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of abrasives, and particularly to an abrasive. Background Technology

[0002] Abrasives are tools used for grinding, polishing, and polishing. Currently, during the grinding process, abrasives will splash dust and slag around their working surface, as shown in patent applications with application numbers 202211603174.8, 202080108192.1, and 202210478212.5.

[0003] If the grinding wheel is installed inside the grinding equipment, a protective plate is usually installed inside the equipment to prevent flying ash from damaging certain parts inside the equipment.

[0004] If the grinding wheel is mounted on a handheld power tool, such as an angle grinder, a protective cover is usually installed on the angle grinder to prevent flying debris from injuring fingers and arms. However, this can interfere with the grinding wheel's operation, preventing the entire grinding surface from contacting the workpiece. In some cases, this can cause the grinding wheel to fail to grind the workpiece. Furthermore, the protective cover only blocks the flying debris from reaching the fingers and arms and does not completely cover the entire grinding wheel, leaving a risk of debris flying into other areas and injuring objects and people. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose an abrasive tool that addresses the problem of flying ash and slag during the current abrasive tool operation, which can easily cause injury to people and property.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an abrasive tool comprising a drive shaft and an abrasive block coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft. A shaft tube is coaxially and rotatably mounted outside the drive shaft. A receiving hopper is fixedly provided at one end of the shaft tube near the abrasive block. A sleeve is coaxially fitted outside the shaft tube, with the sleeve spaced apart from the shaft tube to define a cavity between the sleeve and the shaft tube. One end of the sleeve is sealed and fixedly connected to the shaft tube, and the other end extends into the receiving hopper, thereby communicating with the cavity. An air intake hole communicating with the cavity is provided on the sleeve. A protective cover is sealed and fixedly fitted outside the sleeve. The end of the protective cover away from the sleeve extends to be flush with the working surface of the abrasive block. The inner wall of the protective cover is a smooth curved surface, allowing ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block to flow along the inner wall of the protective cover and eventually fall into the receiving hopper.

[0007] In one embodiment, the abrasive block has a cylindrical cross-section.

[0008] In one embodiment, bearings are rotatably fitted at both ends of the drive shaft, the bearings being located between the shaft tube and the drive shaft and being rotatably connected to the shaft tube.

[0009] In one embodiment, the receiving hopper is conical, the shaft tube is coaxial with the receiving hopper, and the cavity is connected to the lowest point inside the receiving hopper.

[0010] In one embodiment, the protective cover is coaxial with the shaft tube, the end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is concentric with the working surface of the abrasive block, and the diameter of the circle formed by the end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is larger than the diameter of the working surface of the abrasive block.

[0011] In one embodiment, the end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is tangent to the plane containing the working surface of the abrasive block.

[0012] In one embodiment, the protective cover is elastic, and the direction of elastic deformation is the central axis of the protective cover.

[0013] In one embodiment, the protective cover includes a cover body and a guide ring. The cover body is sealed and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve. The upper edge of the guide ring is tangentially connected to the outer edge of the cover body, and the lower edge of the guide ring is tangential to the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block is located.

[0014] The cross-section of the cover is an inclined straight line segment, the cross-section of the guide ring is an arc segment, the central angle of the arc segment is an obtuse angle, and the high end of the straight line segment is a connecting sleeve.

[0015] In one embodiment, the abrasive block is provided with a receiving ring on its outer coaxial cover, and the receiving ring is coaxially and fixedly connected to the receiving hopper;

[0016] The ash flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover includes ash A and ash B. The speed at which ash A flows along the inner wall of the protective cover is greater than the speed at which ash B flows along the inner wall of the protective cover. Ash A flows along the inner wall of the protective cover and eventually falls into the receiving hopper, while ash B flows along the inner wall of the protective cover and eventually falls into the receiving ring.

[0017] In one embodiment, the ash flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover also includes ash C, the ash C flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover at a speed less than that of ash B flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover.

[0018] The guide ring includes a guide ring one, a receiving ring two, and a guide ring two. The lower edge of the guide ring one is tangent to the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block is located. The upper edge of the guide ring two is tangent to the outer edge of the cover. The upper edge of the receiving ring two is fixedly connected to the guide ring two. The lower edge of the receiving ring two is fixedly connected to the guide ring one. The upper edge of the guide ring one extends to the lower edge of the guide ring two, thereby defining an annular storage cavity together with the receiving ring two. The upper edge of the guide ring one does not contact the lower edge of the guide ring two, thereby defining an annular feeding gap that communicates with the annular storage cavity. The ash slag C flows downward along the inner wall of the guide ring two, passes through the annular feeding gap, and falls into the annular storage cavity.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The abrasive of the present invention is covered with a protective cover on the abrasive block. The protective cover completely covers the abrasive block, eliminating the problem of dust and slag flying and injuring people and objects. At the same time, the protective cover is elastic, so that the grinding working surface of the abrasive can fully contact the workpiece being ground without affecting the grinding work. It has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abrasive tool according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abrasive tool according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel of the present invention after removing the protective cover and sleeve. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel of the present invention after removing the protective cover and sleeve. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The internal structure of the abrasive tool of this invention Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 7 The internal structure of the abrasive tool of this invention Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mold of the present invention being installed on a handheld power tool.

[0029] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0030] 1. Drive shaft; 2. Abrasive block; 3. Shaft tube; 4. Bearing; 5. Retaining ring one; 6. Retaining ring two; 7. Connecting ring; 8. Sleeve; 9. Suction hole; 10. Cavity; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Receiving hopper; 13. Receiving ring one; 14. Protective cover; 15. Mounting ring; 16. Receiving ring two; 17. Annular feed gap; 18. Top block; 19. Suction pipe; 20. Motor; 21. Ash storage cylinder; 22. Filter element; 23. Air pump; 24. Guide ring one; 25. Arc segment; 251. Arc segment one; 252. Arc segment two; 253. Arc segment three; 26. Straight segment; 27. Notch; 28. Guide ring two; 29. ​​Cover; 30. Annular storage chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0035] This invention proposes an abrasive tool with a protective cover 14 covering the abrasive block 2. The protective cover 14 completely covers the abrasive block 2, eliminating the problem of flying dust and slag that could injure people or objects. At the same time, the protective cover 14 is elastic, allowing the grinding working surface of the abrasive tool to fully contact the workpiece being ground without affecting the grinding work, and thus has a wide range of applications.

[0036] Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, such as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, the abrasive tool includes a drive shaft 1 and an abrasive block 2 coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 1. Preferably, the cross-section of the abrasive block 2 is cylindrical. This design helps the drive shaft 1 to drive the abrasive block 2 to rotate smoothly.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, a shaft tube 3 is coaxially and rotatably mounted on the outside of the drive shaft 1. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, bearings 4 are rotatably fitted at both ends of the drive shaft 1. The bearings 4 are located between the shaft tube 3 and the drive shaft 1, and are rotatably connected to the shaft tube 3. Furthermore, in order to prevent axial movement of the bearings 4 from affecting the smooth rotational connection between the drive shaft 1 and the shaft tube 3, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, each bearing 4 is provided with a retaining ring 5 and a retaining ring 6 at both ends. The retaining ring 5 is detachably and fixedly connected to the drive shaft 1, and the retaining ring 6 is detachably and fixedly connected to the shaft tube 3. The retaining rings 5 ​​and 6 limit the bearing 4 to prevent its axial movement from affecting the smooth rotation connection between the drive shaft 1 and the shaft tube 3. Preferably, the retaining ring 5 and the drive shaft 1 and the retaining ring 6 and the shaft tube 3 are all fixedly connected by threaded connection. This design facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the retaining rings 5 ​​and 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6As shown, a receiving hopper 12 is fixedly provided at one end of the shaft tube 3 near the abrasive block 2. The receiving hopper 12 is located on one side of the abrasive block 2. A sleeve 8 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the shaft tube 3. The sleeve 8 is spaced apart from the shaft tube 3, thereby defining a cavity 10 between the sleeve 8 and the shaft tube 3. One end of the sleeve 8 is sealed and fixedly connected to the shaft tube 3 by a connecting ring 7. The connecting ring 7 is detachably and sealed and fixedly connected to both the sleeve 8 and the shaft tube 3. The other end of the sleeve 8 extends into the receiving hopper 12, from... The receiving hopper 12 is connected to the cavity 10. This design allows the ash and slag in the receiving hopper 12 to be sucked into the cavity 10 when a negative pressure is generated inside the cavity 10. The sleeve 8 is provided with a suction hole 9 that is connected to the cavity 10. An external negative pressure device is connected to the suction hole 9 through a suction pipe 19. When the negative pressure device is activated, it draws out the cavity 10 inside the cavity 10 to generate a negative pressure, thereby removing the ash and slag in the receiving hopper 12 from the grinding wheel and preventing the ash and slag from accumulating inside the receiving hopper 12 and affecting the grinding wheel operation.

[0039] Preferred, such as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, the receiving hopper 12 is conical, the shaft tube 3 is coaxial with the receiving hopper 12, and the cavity 10 is connected to the lowest point inside the receiving hopper 12. This design facilitates the cavity 10 to extract most of the ash and slag inside the receiving hopper 12.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the sleeve 8 is provided with a plurality of centrally symmetrically distributed top blocks 18 at one end connected to the receiving hopper 12. The sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the receiving hopper 12 through the plurality of top blocks 18. At this time, a feed inlet 11 is formed between two adjacent top blocks 18, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, this design facilitates the fixed connection between the sleeve 8 and the receiving hopper 12 without affecting the entry of ash and slag from the receiving hopper 12 into the cavity 10.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 8 A schematic diagram is shown of an abrasive being mounted on a handheld power tool. The handheld power tool has at least a motor 20, a dust collection cylinder 21, and an air pump 23. The motor 20 is directly connected to a drive shaft 1, which drives the drive shaft 1 to rotate, causing the abrasive block 2 to rotate and grind the workpiece. The dust collection cylinder 21 is connected to a suction port 9 via a suction pipe 19. The air pump 23 is connected to the dust collection cylinder 21. A filter element 22 is installed inside the dust collection cylinder 21. When the air pump 23 is activated, it draws air from the cavity 10 through the suction pipe 19, and then draws the ash residue from the receiving hopper 12 into the dust collection cylinder 21. The ash residue is then filtered by the filter element 22 and retained in the dust collection cylinder 21, while the air is drawn away and discharged by the air pump 23. After a period of time, the dust collection cylinder 21 is removed, and the stored ash residue is cleaned out.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, a protective cover 14 is fixedly fitted onto the outer seal of the sleeve 8. The protective cover 14 is coaxial with the shaft tube 3. The end of the protective cover 14 away from the sleeve 8 is concentric with the working surface of the abrasive block 2, forming a circle. The diameter of the circle formed by the end of the protective cover 14 away from the sleeve 8 is larger than the diameter of the working surface of the abrasive block 2. This design prevents the abrasive block 2 from touching the protective cover 14 during high-speed rotation, thus protecting the safety of the protective cover 14. The end of the protective cover 14 away from the sleeve 8 extends to be flush with the working surface of the abrasive block 2. This design allows the protective cover 14 to completely cover the abrasive block 2 during grinding operations. This design effectively prevents the problem of flying ash and slag that could injure people or objects. The protective cover 14 is elastic, with the elastic deformation direction being the direction of the central axis of the protective cover 14. With this design, when the abrasive block 2 is pressed during grinding, the grinding working surface of the abrasive block 2 can be fully in contact with the workpiece being ground. At this time, the protective cover 14 undergoes elastic deformation and adheres tightly to the workpiece being ground. In this way, the ash and slag generated during grinding will not fly out of the protective cover 14. The ash and slag are completely covered by the protective cover 14, preventing the problem of flying ash and slag that could injure people or objects. The elastic deformation of the protective cover 14 does not affect the grinding work, allowing the grinding working surface of the abrasive block 2 to be fully in contact with the workpiece being ground, giving the grinding tool the advantage of a wide range of applications.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the protective cover 14 is a smooth curved surface. For example, the protective cover 14 is made of spring steel. The end of the protective cover 14 away from the sleeve 8 is tangent to the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block 2 is located. With this design, during the high-speed rotation of the abrasive block 2 to grind the workpiece, the ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block 2 flows smoothly along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 and eventually falls into the receiving hopper 12, and is then sucked away from the abrasive by the vacuum pump 23.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 , Figure 6 As shown, the protective cover 14 includes a cover body 29 and a guide ring. The cover body 29 is sealed and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve 8. To facilitate the connection between the cover body 29 and the sleeve 8, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, an installation ring 15 is tightly fitted on the outer wall of the sleeve 8, and the cover 29 is fixedly connected to the installation ring 15. Preferably, the cover 29 and the installation ring 15 are integrally formed to ensure the sealing effect of the connection between the cover 29 and the sleeve 8.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 , Figure 6As shown, the upper edge of the guide ring is tangentially connected to the outer edge of the cover 29, and the lower edge of the guide ring is tangential to the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block 2 is located. With this design, during the high-speed rotation of the abrasive block 2 to grind the workpiece, the ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block 2 flows smoothly along the inner wall of the guide ring and eventually falls into the receiving hopper 12, and is then sucked away by the air pump 23 and leaves the abrasive.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 , Figure 6 As shown, the cross-section of the cover 29 is an inclined straight line segment 26, and the cross-section of the guide ring is an arc segment 25. The central angle of the arc segment 25 is an obtuse angle. The design of the high-end connecting sleeve 8 of the straight line segment 26 and the obtuse angle of the central angle of the arc segment 25 ensures that the ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block 2 can flow smoothly along the inner wall of the guide ring and finally fall into the receiving hopper 12. Throughout the process, the guide ring of the arc segment 25 is only used to guide the flow of ash and slag and will not obstruct the flow of ash and slag. As for the inclined setting of the straight line segment 26, it is to facilitate the pouring of the ash and slag in the receiving ring 13 and the annular storage cavity 30 into the receiving hopper 12. The specific operation steps are to... Figure 6 The grinding wheel is rotated 180 degrees around the horizontal axis, causing the ash and slag in the receiving ring 13 and the annular storage cavity 30 to fall into the cover 29. After all the ash and slag in the receiving ring 13 and the annular storage cavity 30 have fallen into the cover 29, the grinding wheel is rotated 180 degrees around the horizontal axis to return to its original position. Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the ash and slag inside the cover 29 fall into the receiving hopper 12 and are sucked away by the cavity 10, thus completing the process of pouring the ash and slag in the receiving ring 13 and the annular storage cavity 30 into the receiving hopper 12.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the abrasive block 2 is coaxially covered with a receiving ring 13. The receiving ring 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the receiving hopper 12. When the ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block 2 flows along the inner wall of the guide ring, some ash and slag have a fast flow rate and some have a slow flow rate. The ash and slag with a fast flow rate either fall directly into the receiving hopper 12 after leaving the guide ring or hit the sleeve 8 and then fall into the receiving hopper 12. The ash and slag with a slow flow rate cannot fall into the receiving hopper 12. The purpose of setting up the receiving ring 13 is to collect this part of the ash and slag with a slow flow rate and prevent this part of the ash and slag from falling back to the edge of the abrasive block 2 and affecting the dust flying out from the working surface of the abrasive block 2 and flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover 14.

[0048] In this embodiment, the ash flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 includes ash A, ash B, and ash C. The flow speed of ash A along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 is greater than that of ash B, and the flow speed of ash C along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 is less than that of ash B. Ash A flows along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 and eventually falls into the receiving hopper 12, while ash B flows along the inner wall of the protective cover 14 and eventually falls into the receiving ring 13. Ash that cannot fall into the receiving hopper 12 and the receiving ring 13 is ash C. To prevent this portion of ash from affecting the flow of other ash along the inner wall of the protective cover 14, further, as... Figures 1-2 , Figure 6 As shown, the guide ring includes a first guide ring 24, a second receiving ring 16, and a second guide ring 28. The lower edge of the first guide ring 24 is tangent to the plane containing the working surface of the abrasive block 2. The upper edge of the second guide ring 28 is tangent to the outer edge of the cover 29. The upper edge of the second receiving ring 16 is fixedly connected to the second guide ring 28, and the lower edge of the second receiving ring 16 is fixedly connected to the first guide ring 24. The upper edge of the first guide ring 24 extends towards the lower edge of the second guide ring 28, thereby defining an annular storage cavity 30 together with the second receiving ring 16. The upper edge of the first guide ring 24 does not contact the lower edge of the second guide ring 28, thereby defining an annular feeding gap 17 that communicates with the annular storage cavity 30. Because of its low flow velocity, the ash slag C cannot fly away from the guide ring and fall into the receiving hopper 12 and receiving ring 13. Instead, it can only flow downwards along the inner wall of the second guide ring 28 and return. At this time, the ash slag C can pass through the annular feeding gap 17 and fall into the annular storage cavity 30. The annular storage cavity 30 collects the ash slag C on the inner wall of the guide ring, preventing the ash slag C from obstructing the flow of other ash slag. This achieves the technical effect that most of the ash slag can fall into the receiving hopper 12, which helps to reduce the complexity of operation. After all, it is relatively troublesome to pour the ash slag in the receiving ring 13 into the receiving hopper 12, which requires turning the mold. If all the ash slag can fall into the receiving hopper 12, the trouble of turning the mold is eliminated, which helps to reduce the complexity of operation.

[0049] To facilitate understanding the structure of the guide ring, such as Figure 7As shown, the arc segment 25 is composed of arc segment one 251, arc segment two 252, and arc segment three 253. The upper end of arc segment one 251 is tangentially connected to the bottom end of the straight segment 26. The lower end of arc segment one 251 is connected to one end of arc segment two 252. The other end of arc segment two 252 is connected to arc segment three 253. The lower end of arc segment three 253 is tangential to the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block 2 is located. The upper end of arc segment three 253 extends to the lower end of arc segment one 251 and forms a notch 27 between it and the lower end of arc segment one 251. The notch 27 is the cross-section of the annular feed gap 17 on the protective cover 14. Arc segment one 251 is the cross-section of the guide ring two 28. Arc segment two 252 is the cross-section of the receiving ring two 16. Arc segment three 253 is the cross-section of the guide ring one 24.

[0050] The abrasive in this embodiment not only has a protective cover 14 to completely cover the abrasive block 2, eliminating the problem of flying dust and slag that could injure people or objects, but the protective cover 14 is also elastic, so that the grinding working surface of the abrasive can be in full contact with the workpiece being ground, without affecting the grinding work. It has a wide range of applications, and the dust and slag generated during grinding can be collected and removed from the abrasive, preventing the dust and slag from accumulating inside the abrasive and affecting the grinding work.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An abrasive tool comprising a drive shaft and an abrasive block fixedly connected coaxially with one end of the drive shaft, characterized in that, The transmission shaft is provided with an axle tube which is coaxially installed outside the transmission shaft, an interface hopper is fixedly arranged on one end of the axle tube close to the abrasive block, a sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the axle tube, the sleeve is spaced apart from the axle tube so as to define a cavity between the sleeve and the axle tube, one end of the sleeve is sealingly and fixedly connected with the axle tube, the other end of the sleeve extends into the interface hopper so as to make the interface hopper communicate with the cavity, the sleeve is provided with air suction holes which communicate with the cavity, a protective cover is sealingly and fixedly arranged outside the sleeve, one end of the protective cover away from the sleeve extends to the working surface of the abrasive block, and the inner wall of the protective cover is a smooth curved surface so that the ash and slag splashed from the working surface of the abrasive block flows along the inner wall of the protective cover and finally falls into the interface hopper. The interface hopper is conical, the axle tube and the interface hopper are coaxial, and the cavity communicates with the lowest part in the interface hopper. The protective cover comprises a cover body and a guide ring, the cover body is sealingly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, the upper edge of the guide ring is tangentially connected with the outer edge of the cover body, and the lower edge of the guide ring is tangentially connected with the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block is located. The cross section of the cover body is an inclined straight line segment, the cross section of the guide ring is an arc line segment, the central angle of the arc line segment is an obtuse angle, and the high end of the straight line segment is connected with the sleeve. The abrasive block is provided with an interface ring one which is coaxially and fixedly arranged outside the abrasive block. The ash and slag flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover comprises ash and slag A and ash and slag B, the flowing speed of the ash and slag A is greater than that of the ash and slag B, the ash and slag A flows along the inner wall of the protective cover and finally falls into the interface hopper, and the ash and slag B flows along the inner wall of the protective cover and finally falls into the interface ring one. The ash and slag flowing along the inner wall of the protective cover further comprises ash and slag C, the flowing speed of the ash and slag C is less than that of the ash and slag B. The guide ring comprises a guide ring one, an interface ring two and a guide ring two, the lower edge of the guide ring one is tangentially connected with the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block is located, the upper edge of the guide ring two is tangentially connected with the outer edge of the cover body, the upper edge of the interface ring two is fixedly connected with the guide ring two, the lower edge of the interface ring two is fixedly connected with the guide ring one, the upper edge of the guide ring one extends to the lower edge of the guide ring two so as to define a ring-shaped storage cavity together with the interface ring two, and the upper edge of the guide ring one is not in contact with the lower edge of the guide ring two so as to define a ring-shaped feeding gap which communicates with the ring-shaped storage cavity, and the ash and slag C flows downward along the inner wall of the guide ring two, penetrates through the ring-shaped feeding gap and finally falls into the ring-shaped storage cavity.

2. An abrasive article according to claim 1 wherein, The abrasive block has a cylindrical cross section.

3. An abrasive article as defined in claim 1, wherein, Both ends of the transmission shaft are only rotatably provided with bearings which are located between the axle tube and the transmission shaft and are rotatably connected with the axle tube.

4. An abrasive article as defined in claim 1, wherein, The protective cover is coaxial with the axle tube, one end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is concentric with the working surface of the abrasive block, and the diameter of the circle formed by the one end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is greater than that of the working surface of the abrasive block.

5. An abrasive article as defined in claim 4, wherein The one end of the protective cover away from the sleeve is tangentially connected with the plane where the working surface of the abrasive block is located.

6. An abrasive article as defined in claim 5, wherein, The protective cover has elasticity, and the elastic deformation direction is the central axis of the protective cover.

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