Anti-overturning swivel ball hinge

Abstract

The application provides an anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge, which comprises an upper spherical hinge and a lower spherical hinge, and the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are assembled in a spherical surface rotating mode; the cross sections of the matching surfaces of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are all in the shape of Ω, the matching surfaces comprise a spherical surface and an annular plane extending along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface, and the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge have a gap. The matching surfaces of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are in the shape of Ω, and the spherical surface realizes the horizontal rotation of the anti-overturning spherical hinge. The annular planes of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are designed to extend along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface, and the annular planes form a plane moving pair structure; when the overturning angle of the swivel spherical hinge reaches the design value, the upper and lower annular planes of the edge of the Ω-shaped structure will be locally contacted and limited, an anti-overturning torque is provided, and the overturning of the swivel T structure is terminated, so that the swivel process is stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and more particularly to an anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the large-scale construction of railways, highways and municipal overpass lines, the existing traffic network layout is becoming increasingly dense, and the probability of new lines crossing existing lines is increasing, and the situation is becoming more and more common. In order to reduce or even avoid the impact of new line construction on existing railway operation, bridge swivel construction technology is widely used. The swivel construction technology is to first build the bridge that needs to cross the existing line in the direction parallel to the existing line, and then rotate the pre-built bridge at the designed target angle to achieve efficient and safe construction across the existing line. The swivel spherical hinge, as the core component of the bridge swivel construction, its structure is also constantly updated and evolved. The swivel spherical hinge can realize more and more functions, the main functions are: bearing the weight of the swivel bridge T structure, realizing the horizontal rotation of the bridge through the spherical pair, and realizing the height fine adjustment of the bridge (commonly known as bridge posture adjustment) through the vertical rotation of the spherical pair after swivel. Due to the ability of the swivel spherical hinge to rotate freely in the horizontal and vertical directions, the swivel T structure is prone to instability and vertical rotation during horizontal swivel, resulting in overturning. The overturning caused by excessive vertical rotation will cause the center of gravity of the swivel T structure to deviate, affect the stability of the horizontal rotation of the main body, and increase the friction of the horizontal rotation, causing impact and damage to the swivel traction equipment, and even affect the safety of the horizontal swivel movement of the main body and endanger the safety of the swivel T structure. The main body of the spherical hinge weighs dozens of tons or even hundreds of tons, and the diameter is up to 10 meters.

[0003] 1. The utility model discloses a composite rotation system swivel support, which comprises an upper spherical hinge, a lower spherical hinge, a limiting device and a sliding assembly. The upper spherical hinge is arranged on the lower spherical hinge and rotationally cooperates with the lower spherical hinge. The limiting device comprises an annular stop ring and an annular groove. One of them is arranged on the upper spherical hinge, and the other is arranged on the lower spherical hinge. The annular stop ring can be located in the annular groove. The sliding assembly is clamped between the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge. The sliding assembly is used to ensure the relative rotation between the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge. Compared with the structure of the prior art that uses a pin shaft to limit the upper spherical hinge, the structure of the annular stop and the annular groove provided by the utility model has a larger stress area, and the anti-overturning ability of the composite rotation system swivel support is stronger. At the same time, when one layer of rotation surface cannot be normally used, the other layer of rotation surface can still complete the swivel construction.

[0004] The patent sets a combination of ring-shaped stop ring and ring-shaped groove to achieve anti-overturning, which has a complex structure and is difficult to implement. Moreover, the ring-shaped stop ring and ring-shaped groove are located in the middle of the spherical hinge, and the force arm of the anti-overturning point is short. The shorter the force arm, the smaller the anti-overturning torque provided. The overturning torque is a quantitative value. If the anti-overturning effect is to be achieved, the anti-overturning torque needs to be increased. According to the structure of the patent, a larger product structure size is needed to increase the force arm, which will increase the amount of raw materials used.

[0005] 2. The invention patent application for controllable anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge with the application number 202010757476.5 includes a spherical hinge support, a lower spherical hinge, a limiting pin shaft, and an upper spherical hinge. The lower spherical hinge is fixed on the spherical hinge support, and the upper spherical hinge is coaxially and longitudinally stacked above the lower spherical hinge. The upper spherical hinge is assembled with the lower spherical hinge in a spherical surface. The limiting pin shaft is fixed at the center of the lower spherical hinge, and the upper spherical hinge is provided with a limiting hole for the insertion of the limiting pin shaft. The limiting pin shaft is a steel pipe concrete structure. The upper spherical hinge is a circular ring convex spherical surface structure, and the lower spherical hinge is a circular ring concave spherical surface structure adapted to the upper spherical hinge. Compared with the prior art, the upper and lower spherical hinges of the invention are hollow circular ring structures, which can achieve a narrower cross-section under the same bearing capacity, and are more conducive to ensuring the compactness of the bottom concrete pouring. The overall planar structure of the controllable anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge is annular, which is beneficial to the backfilling and sealing of the central part after the swivel operation is completed, ensuring the safe use of the bridge in the later period.

[0006] The limiting pin shaft of the patent is fixed on the lower spherical hinge, and the upper spherical hinge is provided with a limiting hole at the center position for the insertion of the limiting pin shaft. The patent mainly relies on the concrete limiting pin shaft to achieve anti-overturning, and the structure is similar to the previous patent, with the same principle. It also has the same problems as the previous patent. In addition, the anti-overturning spherical hinge with a large structure uses a structure with a limiting pin and a limiting hole, which is difficult to ensure that the limiting pin has sufficient strength to ensure the strength and achieve anti-overturning.

[0007] 3. The utility model patent for bridge swivel support device with the application number 202020370170.X includes an upper disc and a lower disc. The upper disc and the lower disc are hollow circular rings. The upper disc and the lower disc are coaxially and longitudinally stacked and assembled in a spherical surface. The surface of the upper disc adjacent to at least the outside or the inside of the lower disc is provided with a limiting device. The limiting device limits the vertical angle between the upper disc and the lower disc from exceeding the set value. The utility model effectively solves the problems of pouring not being real, the swivel not being able to play a practical role when the structure overturning torque is large, and other problems in the prior art. It has the advantages of stable support, being conducive to ensuring the compactness of the bottom concrete pouring, and other advantages.

[0008] The patent is provided with a limiting device on the upper disc. When a vertical angle is generated, the upper disc limiting device and the lower disc edge limiting device are used to avoid the overturning phenomenon caused by excessive vertical angle. When overturning occurs, this structure is linear contact, which can easily cause large contact stress, easily cause local stress of the cylindrical surface to be too large and deformed, and even tear the cylindrical contact surface.

[0009] 4. The utility model patent with the application number 201922247721.3 and the patent name Anti-overturning swivel support, comprising an upper spherical hinge, a spherical wear-resistant plate, a lower spherical hinge, an upper limiting bolt, a limiting plate, and a lower limiting bolt; the upper spherical hinge, the spherical wear-resistant plate, and the lower spherical hinge are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the bottom surface of the upper spherical hinge is a first convex spherical surface, the top surface of the spherical wear-resistant plate is a first concave spherical surface, the bottom surface of the spherical wear-resistant plate is a second convex spherical surface, the top surface of the lower spherical hinge is a second concave spherical surface, the first convex spherical surface cooperates with the first concave spherical surface, and the second convex spherical surface cooperates with the second concave spherical surface; the limiting plate is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge, the upper limiting bolt connects the limiting plate and the upper spherical hinge into a whole, and the lower limiting bolt connects the limiting plate and the lower spherical hinge into a whole. The anti-overturning swivel support has a simple structure, provides support and rotation for the swivel construction of the concrete bridge, prevents the structure from overturning due to the loss of balance in the bridge structure construction process, ensures the construction safety, and reduces the construction difficulty.

[0010] The limiting plate of the patent connects the upper spherical hinge through the upper limiting bolt and connects the lower spherical hinge through the lower limiting bolt, that is, the upper and lower spherical hinges are connected to limit the relative movement of the upper and lower spherical hinges, which can ensure that the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge remain fixed during transportation and installation, and prevent overturning. However, this only ensures that the spherical hinge does not overturn during transportation and installation, and prevents the spherical hinge from deflecting itself, rather than preventing overturning during the swivel of the upper part of the swivel spherical hinge after the concrete pouring is completed. The technical problem solved by the present application is different from that of the present application, which is to prevent overturning during the bridge swivel construction process, that is, the anti-overturning problem during the use of the spherical hinge.

[0011] The utility model discloses an anti-overturning bridge swivel support, which comprises an upper ball swing, a lower ball swing and an anti-overturning device, the anti-overturning device is arranged between the upper ball swing and the lower ball swing, the upper ball swing comprises an upper support plate and a lower support plate, the diameter of the upper support plate is larger than that of the lower support plate, the bottom surface of the lower support plate is provided with a convex spherical surface, and a pin hole is arranged at the center of the convex spherical surface, the lower ball swing comprises an upper support plate and a lower support plate, the diameter of the upper support plate is smaller than that of the lower support plate, the top surface of the upper support plate is provided with a concave spherical surface, and a lock pin is arranged at the center of the concave spherical surface, the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface are matched, the pin hole and the lock pin are matched, and the side wall of the pin hole and the side wall of the lock pin form a gap with an included angle.

[0012] The anti-overturning bridge swivel support is provided with an anti-overturning stop ring and an elastic buffer pad, and the anti-overturning stop ring and the elastic buffer pad can be closed annular structures. The elastic buffer pad is actually a soft material, which plays a buffering role. Figure 2 The distance between the upper support plate 11 and the upper support plate 21 is large, the weight of the spherical hinge itself is heavy, up to dozens of tons or even hundreds of tons, and the diameter is up to 10 meters.

[0013] All the above patents also have the common problem that the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are provided with anti-overturning structures, which are complex for large parts, greatly increase the processing difficulty, and are low in production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problems of the prior art, such as the complex structure of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge of the anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge, the difficult processing, and the poor anti-overturning effect.

[0015] The above object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0016] The anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge comprises an upper spherical hinge and a lower spherical hinge, and the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are assembled in a spherical surface manner; the cross sections of the matching surfaces of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are all in the shape of Ω or are all in the shape of an inverted Ω, the matching surface comprises a spherical surface and an annular plane extending along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface, and there is a gap between the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge.

[0017] The cross sections of the matching surfaces of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are all in the shape of Ω or are all in the shape of an inverted Ω, which refers to two cases: the matching surface on the upper spherical hinge and the matching surface on the lower spherical hinge are both in the shape of Ω, and the matching surface on the upper spherical hinge and the matching surface on the lower spherical hinge are both in the shape of an inverted Ω; at this time, the upper spherical hinge is a concave spherical surface, and the lower spherical hinge is a convex spherical surface. The matching surface on the upper spherical hinge is in the shape of an inverted Ω, and the matching surface on the lower spherical hinge is in the shape of an inverted Ω; at this time, the upper spherical hinge is a convex spherical surface, and the lower spherical hinge is a concave spherical surface.

[0018] The matching surface of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge of the present application is in the shape of Ω, and the spherical surface in the pair realizes the horizontal rotation of the anti-overturning spherical hinge; the annular plane formed by the additional extension of the circumferential edge of the upper and lower spherical hinges forms a plane moving pair structure; when the overturning angle of the swivel spherical hinge reaches the design value, the upper and lower annular planes of the edge in the shape of Ω will be locally contacted and limited, an anti-overturning torque is provided, and thus the overturning of the swivel T structure is terminated, so that the swivel process remains stable.

[0019] The matching surface is in the shape of Ω, the force arm of the anti-overturning point is from the center of the spherical hinge to the annular plane, the force arm is long, a larger anti-overturning torque can be ensured, compared with the prior art, the anti-overturning torque does not need to be increased by increasing the size of the product. When overturning occurs, the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge is in contact with the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge, and the contact between the two is surface contact, compared with the linear contact of the anti-overturning structure in the prior art, there is no local stress, and the stability of the structure is ensured. The structure of the present application is simple, compared with the anti-overturning structure in the prior art, no structure is arranged in the matching surface, and the machining difficulty is reduced.

[0020] Further, the gap between the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge is h, h=R*sinθ, wherein θ=r*180 / π, r is a preset angle radian value of the swivel spherical hinge, θ is a vertical rotation angle value corresponding to the preset angle radian value r of the swivel spherical hinge, the preset angle radian value is used for swivel posture adjustment, and R is the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface of the Ω-shaped structure of the swivel spherical hinge.

[0021] The spherical pair of the swivel spherical hinge needs to realize horizontal rotation to turn the bridge, and also needs to realize vertical rotation to adjust the bridge, the gap h between the two annular planes is very important, too wide will have the risk of instability, too narrow will limit the vertical rotation and the bridge elevation fine adjustment cannot be carried out. When the gap is too large, the overturning occurs, the upper spherical hinge has too large rotation angle, which greatly increases the risk of anti-overturning instability, and the upper spherical hinge is difficult to reset. When the gap is too small, the vertical rotation of the spherical surface cannot be realized to carry out the bridge elevation fine adjustment. The applicant provides a calculation formula of the gap h, wherein r is set according to the design requirement. The swivel spherical hinge can realize the bridge elevation fine adjustment and has good anti-overturning effect without the risk of instability.

[0022] Further, a groove is opened on the concave spherical surface in the matching surface, and a wear-resistant plate is installed in the groove, and the wear-resistant plate protrudes from the groove and contacts the convex spherical surface.

[0023] Further, the bottom surface of the groove is parallel to the concave spherical surface, and the center of the groove is consistent with the center of the concave spherical surface. The curvature of the groove is consistent with the curvature of the concave spherical surface.

[0024] Further, the groove is composed of a plurality of sector grooves, and the sector grooves are arranged around the central axis of the concave spherical surface. The plurality refers to two or more.

[0025] The curvature of the groove is consistent with the curvature of the concave spherical surface, and the groove can be a spherical crown shape parallel to the concave spherical surface. Since the diameter of the spherical hinge is up to ten meters, it is difficult to cover the spherical crown-shaped groove with a wear-resistant plate, and there is no such large wear-resistant plate. Therefore, a plurality of sector grooves are arranged to divide the wear-resistant plate into blocks. On the other hand, the wear-resistant plate is divided into blocks because it is difficult to position the wear-resistant plate circumferentially if the whole spherical crown-shaped groove is used, and the wear-resistant plate is easy to rotate with the convex spherical surface.

[0026] Further, the concave spherical surface is convex in the middle part and the end part, and the groove is between the middle part and the end part; the wear-resistant plate in the groove protrudes from the groove and contacts the convex spherical surface, so that there is a gap between the middle part of the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface, and there is also a gap between the end part of the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface.

[0027] Further, the upper spherical hinge has a convex spherical surface, the lower spherical hinge has a concave spherical surface matched with the convex spherical surface, and the groove is opened in the concave spherical surface of the lower spherical hinge.

[0028] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The force arm from the ball hinge center to the annular plane can ensure larger anti-overturning torque, compared with the prior art, the anti-overturning torque can be increased without increasing the size of the product.2、When overturning occurs, the two annular planes are in contact, the contact area is large, and the strength is sufficient.3、The annular plane of the upper ball hinge is in contact with the annular plane of the lower ball hinge, the two contacts are surface contacts, compared with the prior art anti-overturning structure line contact, there is no local stress, which ensures the stability of the structure.4、The structure of the present application is simple, compared with the prior art anti-overturning structure without setting in the matching surface, which reduces the processing difficulty.5、The present application improves the shape of the matching surface of the upper ball hinge and the lower ball hinge, without increasing the amount of material and the weight of the ball hinge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 is the anti-overturning swivel ball hinge section view.

[0032] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the matching surface of the upper ball hinge.

[0033] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the matching of the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface of the inverted Ω shape.

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 1 is the enlarged view of I in

[0035] Figure 5 is the concave spherical surface top view.

[0036] Upper ball hinge-1, lower ball hinge-2, groove-21, fan-shaped groove-21a, wear-resistant plate-22, convex spherical surface-S1, concave spherical surface-S2, spherical surface-3, annular plane-4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways limited and covered by the claims. EMBODIMENT

[0038] From the analysis of the background art, the existing anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge has the following disadvantages: short force arm, small anti-overturning torque, poor anti-overturning effect (patent 1); the anti-overturning structure is arranged in the upper and lower spherical hinge matching surface, which increases the processing difficulty of the spherical hinge (patents 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5); the anti-overturning structure is linear contact, which has low strength and affects the quality of the spherical hinge (patents 1, 3, 4, and 5); the anti-overturning structure increases the material usage and the weight of the spherical hinge (patent 5). In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present application provides a new anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0039] An anti-overturning swivel spherical hinge, as shown in Figure 1 , comprises an upper spherical hinge 1 and a lower spherical hinge 2, and the upper spherical hinge 1 and the lower spherical hinge 2 are assembled in a spherical surface rotation mode; the upper spherical hinge 1 has a convex spherical surface S1, and the lower spherical hinge 2 has a concave spherical surface S2 matched with the convex spherical surface S1; the cross sections of the convex spherical surface S1 and the concave spherical surface S2 are both in the shape of an inverted Ω, as shown in Figure 2 ; the upper spherical hinge 1, the matching surface of the upper spherical hinge 1 and the lower spherical hinge 2, comprises a spherical surface 3 and an annular plane 4 extending along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface 3, as shown in Figure 4 ; the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge 1 and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge 2 have a gap h.

[0040] The gap between the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge 1 and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge 2 is h, h = R*sinθ, wherein θ = r*180 / π, r is a preset rotation angle radian value of the swivel spherical hinge, θ is a vertical rotation angle value corresponding to the preset rotation angle radian value r of the swivel spherical hinge, the preset rotation angle radian value is used for post-swivel attitude adjustment, and R is the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface of the Ω-shaped structure of the swivel spherical hinge.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3 , a groove 21 is formed on the concave spherical surface of the lower spherical hinge 2, and a wear-resistant plate 22 is installed in the groove 21, and the wear-resistant plate 22 protrudes from the groove 21 and contacts the convex spherical surface of the upper spherical hinge 1.

[0042] The bottom surface of the groove 21 is parallel to the concave spherical surface S2, and the center of the groove 21 is consistent with the spherical center of the concave spherical surface S2. The trend of the radian of the groove 21 is consistent with the trend of the radian of the concave spherical surface S2. As shown in Figure 3 , the middle part and the end part of the concave spherical surface S2 are protruding, and the middle part and the end part are the groove 21; the wear-resistant plate 22 in the groove 21 protrudes from the groove 21 and contacts the convex spherical surface S1, so that the middle part of the concave spherical surface S2 and the convex spherical surface S1 have a gap, and the end part of the concave spherical surface S2 and the convex spherical surface S1 also have a gap.

[0043] As shown in Figure 5 , the groove is composed of eight fan-shaped grooves 21a, and the eight fan-shaped grooves 21a are arranged around the central axis of the concave spherical surface S2 and radiate outward.

[0044] In summary, the application has a longer force arm without increasing the structural size of the product. The force arm of the anti-overturning point is from the center of the spherical hinge to the annular plane 4, which is longer, and the anti-overturning torque is larger, and the anti-overturning effect is better. The anti-overturning structure annular plane 4 is arranged on the outer circumference of the spherical surface 3. The anti-overturning structure of the prior art is arranged in the matching surface. Both the upper and lower spherical hinges need to be produced with complex shapes of protrusions and grooves to form the matching. The annular plane 4 is a plane. Compared with the annular groove (protrusion) and the annular plane 4, the groove structure is obviously more complex and more difficult to process. The application greatly reduces the processing difficulty. The anti-overturning structure of the application is the annular plane 4. When overturning occurs, the two annular planes 4 are in surface contact, which is not easy to cause stress concentration or jam compared with the linear contact of the prior art. The anti-overturning effect is stable. The anti-overturning structure of the application is not to increase the structure in the rotating body spherical hinge, but only to improve the shape of the matching surface, which is an inverted Ω shape. The structure is simple, easy to process, and will not increase the material consumption and quality of the rotating body spherical hinge.

[0045] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. For those skilled in the art, the application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the scope of the application.

Claims

1. An anti-overturning swivel ball joint, characterized in that, The upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are assembled in a spherical surface rotation mode; the cross sections of the matching surfaces of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge are both Ω-shaped or both inverted Ω-shaped, the matching surfaces comprise a spherical surface and an annular plane extending along the circumferential direction of the spherical surface, the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge have a gap therebetween; the gap between the annular plane of the upper spherical hinge and the annular plane of the lower spherical hinge is h, h=R*sinθ, wherein θ=r*180 / π, r is a preset rotation angle radian value of the rotation body spherical hinge, θ is a vertical rotation angle value corresponding to the preset rotation angle radian value r of the rotation body spherical hinge, the preset rotation angle radian is used for post-rotation attitude adjustment, and R is the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface of the Ω-shaped structure of the rotation body spherical hinge; a groove is formed in the concave spherical surface in the matching surface, and a wear-resistant plate is mounted in the groove and protrudes from the groove to contact the convex spherical surface.

2. The roll-over resisting spherical hinge according to claim 1, wherein The bottom surface of the groove is parallel to the concave spherical surface, and the center of the groove is consistent with the spherical center of the concave spherical surface.

3. The roll-over resistance spherical bearing of claim 2, wherein, The groove is composed of a plurality of sector grooves, and the sector grooves are arranged radially around the central axis of the concave spherical surface.

4. The roll-over resistance spherical bearing of claim 3, wherein, The middle part and the end part of the concave spherical surface are protruded, and the groove is between the middle part and the end part; the wear-resistant plate in the groove protrudes from the groove to contact the convex spherical surface, so that the middle part of the concave spherical surface has a gap with the convex spherical surface, and the end part of the concave spherical surface also has a gap with the convex spherical surface.

5. The roll-over resistance spherical bearing of claim 2, wherein, The groove is spherical crown-shaped.

6. The anti-overturning spherical hinge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The upper spherical hinge has a convex spherical surface, the lower spherical hinge has a concave spherical surface matched with the convex spherical surface, and the groove is formed in the concave spherical surface of the lower spherical hinge.

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