A System for Capturing and Safely Disposing of Leaked Hydrogen from a High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Tank

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and particularly to a system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, which solves the technical problem of a large amount of hydrogen leaking in a short time when the hydrogen storage tank is overpressure-relieved. Its technical solution is as follows: It includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a rupture disk device, a vacuum collection device, a hydrogen concentration enrichment device, and a combustion treatment device. The rupture disk device is arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The vacuum collection device includes a collection funnel, a connecting pipe mechanism, and a centrifugal fan. The rupture disk device is inside the collection funnel. The collection funnel and the centrifugal fan are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism. The collection funnel and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism. The combustion treatment device and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device are connected. The present invention can quickly capture and combust the overpressure-relieved hydrogen. The hydrogen treated by the concentration enrichment device can be completely combusted, reducing the emission of the overpressure-relieved hydrogen into the air and improving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and particularly to a system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable energy source, hydrogen has the advantages of high energy density, high calorific value of combustion, and zero carbon emissions, so hydrogen energy has received more and more attention. The utilization of hydrogen includes the production, storage, transportation, and application of hydrogen, among which hydrogen storage is a crucial process. The high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology has the advantages of simple equipment structure and process, fast filling and discharging speed, etc., and the current technology is relatively mature.

[0003] Due to the high pressure of the hydrogen storage tank, once affected by external environmental fluctuations or human operation errors, hydrogen leakage is likely to occur. Since the explosion limit range of hydrogen is relatively wide, when the volume fraction of the leaked hydrogen mixed with air reaches 4%-75%, it is extremely easy to explode when encountering a fire source. Therefore, the treatment work after hydrogen leakage is very important.

[0004] In the related art, for a Chinese patent with the application number CN201911404815.5 and the invention name of a cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system and method, the system includes an active protection shell. A leakage accumulation space is formed inside the active protection shell. A cyclic adsorption structure and a one-way adjustment structure are installed inside the active protection shell. When hydrogen leaks, the hydrogen will enter the leakage accumulation space. The one-way adjustment structure controls the unidirectional transmission of the leaked hydrogen to the cyclic adsorption structure, and the physical or chemical adsorbents in the cyclic adsorption structure are used to perform cyclic adsorption on the unidirectionally transmitted leaked hydrogen to regulate the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space so that the hydrogen in the leakage accumulation space no longer accumulates continuously. The cyclic adsorption type hydrogen leakage safety protection system can actively operate on the leaked hydrogen, reducing the potential safety hazards brought by hydrogen leakage.

[0005] In view of the above related art, due to the limited leakage accumulation space and the limited amount of hydrogen adsorbed by physical or chemical adsorbents, the above related art can only be applied to the treatment of a small amount of hydrogen leakage. When the hydrogen storage tank experiences overpressure discharge, a large amount of hydrogen will leak in a short time, and the above related art is difficult to solve the treatment of overpressure discharged hydrogen. How to safely treat the overpressure discharged hydrogen is the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, which can quickly capture and combust the overpressure discharged hydrogen. The hydrogen treated by the concentration enrichment device can be completely combusted, reducing the possibility of the overpressure discharged hydrogen being discharged into the air and improving safety.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is specifically as follows: A system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, comprising a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a rupture disk device, a vacuum collection device, a hydrogen concentration enrichment device, and a combustion treatment device. The rupture disk device is arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The vacuum collection device includes a collection funnel, a connecting pipe mechanism, and a centrifugal fan. The rupture disk device is arranged inside the collection funnel. The collection funnel and the centrifugal fan are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism. The collection funnel and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism. The combustion treatment device and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device are connected.

[0008] During actual operation, when the hydrogen storage tank is over-pressurized, the rupture disk device is in an open state. At this time, the centrifugal fan and the combustion treatment device are in an operating state, causing a negative pressure to be formed at the connecting pipe mechanism. The leaked hydrogen is quickly sucked into the hydrogen concentration enrichment device through the collection funnel and the connecting pipe mechanism. Since the leaked hydrogen is mixed with a large amount of air, the concentration of hydrogen is relatively low, making it difficult for hydrogen to burn. The hydrogen concentration enrichment device increases the hydrogen concentration after treating the leaked hydrogen, making it easier for hydrogen to burn. The hydrogen after being treated by the hydrogen concentration enrichment device enters the combustion treatment device for combustion, and water is generated after the hydrogen is completely burned. The present invention can quickly capture and burn-treat the hydrogen released due to overpressure. The hydrogen after being treated by the concentration enrichment device can be completely burned, reducing the possibility of the leaked hydrogen being discharged into the air and improving safety.

[0009] Furthermore, a vibration damping device is arranged between the collection funnel and the connecting pipe mechanism. The vibration damping device includes a shock absorber and a support frame. The shock absorber is arranged on the support frame. The collection funnel and the connecting pipe mechanism are respectively connected to both ends of the shock absorber.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydrogen will exert a large pressure on the collection funnel during the release process. The shock absorber can convert the impact received by the collection funnel into other forms of energy to achieve a vibration damping effect, thereby reducing the possibility of detachment between the collection funnel and the rupture disk device, ensuring that the leaked hydrogen can be transported to the combustion treatment device for combustion.

[0011] Furthermore, the shock absorber includes a piston cylinder, an adjusting nut, a shock absorption spring, and a base. The base is arranged on the support frame. The outer wall of the piston cylinder is provided with threads. The piston cylinder passes through the base. The adjusting nut is screwed onto the piston cylinder. The shock absorption spring is sleeved on the piston cylinder. Both ends of the shock absorption spring respectively abut against the base and the adjusting nut. The collection funnel and the connecting pipe mechanism are respectively connected to both ends of the piston cylinder.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the collection funnel is impacted by hydrogen, the collection funnel and the piston cylinder move away from the rupture disc device, the damping spring is compressed, and the damping spring generates a reverse acting force on the piston cylinder, so that the rupture disc device is always inside the collection funnel, and the kinetic energy of the vibration of the collection funnel is converted into elastic potential energy, improving the stability of the collection funnel in the working state.

[0013] Further, the shock absorber further includes a cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel is slidably sleeved on the piston cylinder, one end of the cylinder barrel is connected to the base, a liquid storage cavity is formed inside the cylinder barrel, a buffer liquid is filled in the liquid storage cavity, a guide block is fixed on the outer wall of the piston cylinder, the guide block is located inside the liquid storage cavity, the outer wall of the guide block abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, a plurality of diversion holes are penetrated through the guide block, the plurality of diversion holes are arranged in a circumferential array, and the axis of the diversion hole is parallel to the axis of the piston cylinder.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after the collection funnel is impacted by hydrogen, the vibration kinetic energy of the collection funnel is transmitted to the buffer liquid through the guide block, thereby converting the vibration kinetic energy of the funnel into the internal energy of the buffer liquid, further improving the shock absorption effect. In addition, since the guide block abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, it has a guiding effect on the moving direction of the piston cylinder, so that the axis of the piston cylinder is not easily deviated.

[0015] Further, a plurality of guide rods are arranged on the collection funnel, a plurality of guide holes are formed in the support frame, the plurality of guide holes are arranged in a circumferential array, the axes of the plurality of guide holes are parallel to the axis of the piston cylinder, the plurality of guide rods are respectively inserted into the plurality of guide holes, and the guide rods and the guide holes are arranged in one-to-one cooperation.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod has a guiding effect on the moving direction of the collection funnel, so that the collection funnel and the piston cylinder remain coaxial.

[0017] Further, the communication pipe mechanism includes a communication hose and a Venturi tube, one end of the communication hose is communicated with the piston cylinder, the other end of the communication hose is communicated with the throat of the Venturi tube, and the two ends of the Venturi tube are respectively communicated with the centrifugal fan and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the centrifugal fan is started, the air extracted enters from the inlet of the Venturi tube. Since the inner diameter of the throat position of the Venturi tube is smaller, according to Bernoulli's principle, the air extracted by the centrifugal fan has an increased flow rate and a reduced pressure at the throat position of the Venturi tube, so that a negative pressure is formed at the throat position of the Venturi tube, making it easier for the hydrogen at the collection funnel to enter the Venturi tube, and enabling rapid recovery and treatment of the leaked hydrogen.

[0019] Further, the hydrogen concentration enrichment device is a cyclone separator, and the combustion treatment device is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after hydrogen and air are mixed and enter the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator drives hydrogen and air to perform centrifugal motion. The air with a larger density is subjected to a larger centrifugal force and is thrown towards the outer wall of the cyclone separator. The heavier air sinks and is finally discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator. The hydrogen with a smaller density is subjected to a smaller centrifugal force. Therefore, hydrogen is concentrated in the middle position inside the cyclone separator. The enriched hydrogen enters the combustion treatment device from the top of the cyclone separator for incineration treatment.

[0021] Further, the combustion treatment device includes a flame arrester, an igniter, a burner, and a metal mesh assembly. The flame arrester is connected to the top of the hydrogen concentration enrichment device. The flame arrester, the burner, and the metal mesh assembly are connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the igniter is arranged on the burner.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the igniter is used to ignite the burner. When hydrogen enters the combustion treatment device, hydrogen burns at the burner. The flame arrester is used to prevent the flame from entering the interior of the hydrogen concentration enrichment device, improving safety. The metal mesh assembly is used to prevent the flame from passing through, reducing the harm caused by open flames or high-temperature exhaust gases.

[0023] Further, the metal mesh assembly includes a fixed frame and a wire mesh. The fixed frame is connected to the top of the burner, and the wire mesh is arranged on the fixed frame.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed frame facilitates the installation with the burner. The wire mesh has a plurality of mesh holes. The wire mesh can divide the flame into a large number of fine fire beams, and the heat of the fine fire beams is absorbed by the wire mesh with a lower temperature, making the temperature lower than the ignition point, so that the flame can be quickly extinguished after contacting the wire mesh, improving the blocking effect on the flame.

[0025] Further, the control end of the control circuit is electrically connected to the electric control drive circuit of the centrifugal fan and the circuit for starting the combustion treatment device respectively. The control circuit controls the start and stop of the centrifugal fan and the combustion treatment device according to the start or stop state of the rupture disk device.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rupture disk is in the overpressure relief state, the control circuit controls the centrifugal fan and the combustion treatment device to start. Through the electric control method, it can respond quickly and can timely capture and incinerate the released hydrogen.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. By setting up a vacuum collection device, a hydrogen concentration enrichment device and a combustion treatment device, when the hydrogen storage tank is overpressured, the rupture disc device is in an open state. At this time, the centrifugal fan and the combustion treatment device are in an operating state, and the vented hydrogen is quickly sucked into the hydrogen concentration enrichment device. The enriched hydrogen enters the combustion treatment device and can burn fully, reducing the possibility of the vented hydrogen being discharged into the air and improving safety.

[0029] 2. By setting up a vibration damping device, it can absorb the impact caused by high-pressure hydrogen on the collection funnel, has a vibration damping effect, and improves the stability during the hydrogen capture process.

[0030] 3. By selecting a cyclone separator as the hydrogen concentration enrichment device, the cyclone separator drives hydrogen and air to perform centrifugal motion, enabling the separation of hydrogen and air to achieve hydrogen enrichment. The hydrogen will float to the combustion treatment device, which helps the hydrogen to burn more fully. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view at A in

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is an explosion schematic diagram of a combustion treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, the attached drawing reference numerals are: 1, high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; 2, rupture disk device; 3, vacuum collection device; 31, collection funnel; 32, connecting pipe mechanism; 321, connecting hose; 322, venturi tube; 33, centrifugal fan; 4, hydrogen concentration enrichment device; 41, cyclone separator; 5, combustion treatment device; 51, flame arrester; 52, igniter; 53, burner; 54, metal mesh assembly; 541, fixed frame; 542, wire mesh; 6, vibration damping device; 61, shock absorber; 611, piston cylinder; 612, adjusting nut; 613, vibration damping spring; 614, base; 615, cylinder barrel; 62, support frame; 7, liquid storage cavity; 8, guide block; 9, diversion hole; 10, guide rod; 11, guide hole. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment:

[0039] See Figure 1 , the technical solution provided by the present invention is a system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, including a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 1, a rupture disk device 2, a vacuum collection device 3, a hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4, and a combustion treatment device 5. The rupture disk device 2 is installed on the output pipe of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 1. The vacuum collection device 3 includes a collection funnel 31, a connecting pipe mechanism 32, and a centrifugal fan 33. The rupture disk device 2 is arranged inside the collection funnel 31. The collection funnel 31 and the centrifugal fan 33 are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism 32. The collection funnel 31 and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4 are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism 32. The combustion treatment device 5 is connected to the hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4.

[0040] In this embodiment, the hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4 is a cyclone separator 41, and the combustion treatment device 5 is arranged on the top of the cyclone separator 41. After hydrogen and air are mixed and enter the cyclone separator 41, the cyclone separator 41 drives hydrogen and air to perform centrifugal motion. The air with a larger density is subjected to a larger centrifugal force and is thrown towards the outer wall of the cyclone separator 41. The heavier air sinks and is finally discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator 41. The hydrogen with a smaller density is subjected to a smaller centrifugal force. Therefore, the hydrogen is concentrated in the middle position inside the cyclone separator 41. The enriched hydrogen will float into the combustion treatment device 5 for incineration treatment. Since the concentration of the enriched hydrogen is higher, it is more conducive to the complete combustion of the leaked hydrogen and helps to reduce the possibility of the leaked hydrogen being discharged into the external environment.

[0041] During the actual operation, when the hydrogen storage tank is over-pressurized, the rupture disc device 2 is in an open state. At this time, the centrifugal fan 33 and the combustion treatment device 5 are in operation, creating a negative pressure at the collection funnel 31. The vented hydrogen is quickly sucked into the hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4 through the collection funnel 31 and the connecting pipe mechanism 32. Since the vented hydrogen is mixed with a large amount of air, the concentration of hydrogen is relatively low, making it difficult to burn. The hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4 increases the hydrogen concentration after treating the vented hydrogen, making it easier to burn. The hydrogen treated by the hydrogen concentration enrichment device 4 enters the combustion treatment device 5 for combustion, and water is generated after the hydrogen is completely burned. The present invention can quickly burn-treat the vented hydrogen, and the hydrogen treated by the concentration enrichment device can be completely burned, reducing the possibility of the over-pressurized vented hydrogen being discharged into the air and improving safety.

[0042] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIGS. [FIG NUMBERS] and [FIG NUMBERS], a shock absorber device 6 is provided between the collection funnel 31 and the connecting pipe mechanism 32. The shock absorber device 6 includes a shock absorber 61 and a support frame 62. The shock absorber 61 is detachably mounted on the support frame 62. Specifically, the shock absorber 61 includes a piston cylinder 611, an adjusting nut 612, a shock absorber spring 613, a base 614, and a cylinder barrel 615. The base 614 is detachably mounted on the support frame 62 by bolts. The piston cylinder 611 has a passage for hydrogen to pass through inside. The piston cylinder 611 is inserted through the base 614, and the axis of the piston cylinder 611 is horizontally arranged. The piston cylinder 611 can slide horizontally on the base 614. The outer peripheral wall of the piston cylinder 611 has threads, and one end of the collection funnel 31 is threadedly connected to the piston cylinder 611. The connecting pipe mechanism 32 is connected to the other end of the piston cylinder 611. The shock absorber spring 613 is sleeved on the piston cylinder 611, and the adjusting nut 612 is threadedly connected to one end of the piston cylinder 611 close to the collection funnel 31. The two ends of the shock absorber spring 613 respectively abut against the base 614 and the adjusting nut 612.

[0043] When the collection funnel 31 is impacted by hydrogen, the collection funnel 31 and the piston cylinder 611 move away from the rupture disc device 2, and the shock absorber spring 613 is compressed. The shock absorber spring 613 generates a reverse force on the piston cylinder 611, keeping the rupture disc device 2 always inside the collection funnel 31. The kinetic energy of the vibration of the collection funnel 31 is converted into elastic potential energy, improving the stability of the collection funnel 31 during operation.

[0044] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Please note that the [FIG NUMBERS] in the translation of paragraph need to be replaced with the actual figure numbers in the original text., the cylinder barrel 615 is slidably sleeved on the piston barrel 611. One end of the piston barrel 611 is fixedly connected to the base 614. A liquid storage cavity 7 is formed inside the piston barrel 611. A guide block 8 is integrally connected to the piston barrel 611. The guide block 8 is located inside the liquid storage cavity 7, and the outer wall of the guide block 8 abuts against the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity 7. The cross-section of the guide block 8 is the same as the cross-sectional contour of the liquid storage cavity 7. The space between the guide block 8 and the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity 7 can be sealed by a sealing ring. The liquid storage cavity 7 is filled with a buffer liquid. A plurality of diversion holes 9 are formed through the guide block 8. The plurality of diversion holes 9 are arranged in a circular array, and the axes of the diversion holes 9 are arranged horizontally. It should be added that when the piston barrel 611, the cylinder barrel 615 and the base 614 are assembled, the liquid storage cavity 7 is a closed space. The cylinder barrel 615 and the piston barrel 611 can be sealed by a sealing ring, and the piston barrel 611 and the base 614 can be sealed by a sealing ring. In this way, the possibility of the buffer liquid flowing out of the liquid storage cavity 7 can be reduced.

[0045] When the collection funnel 31 is impacted by hydrogen, the piston barrel 611 drives the guide block 8 to move inside the liquid storage cavity 7, causing the buffer liquid to flow inside the liquid storage cavity 7. The friction between the buffer liquid molecules and the friction between the buffer liquid and the piston barrel 611 form a damping force on the movement of the piston barrel 611, converting the kinetic energy of the vibration of the collection funnel 31 into the internal energy of the buffer liquid, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the funnel vibration into the internal energy of the buffer liquid, further improving the vibration damping effect. In addition, since the guide block 8 abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 615, it has a guiding effect on the moving direction of the piston barrel 611, making it difficult for the axis of the piston barrel 611 to deviate. In this embodiment, the buffer liquid is selected as hydraulic oil, which has a lubricating effect and can reduce the possibility of wear between the cylinder barrel 615 and the piston barrel 611, and between the base 614 and the piston barrel 611.

[0046] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , four guide rods 10 can be fixedly welded on the outer wall of the collection funnel 31. The four guide rods 10 are arranged in a circular array on the collection funnel 31. Four guide holes 11 are formed on the support frame 62. The axes of the four guide holes 11 are arranged horizontally. The four guide holes 11 are arranged in a circular array. The four guide rods 10 are respectively inserted into the four guide holes 11. This setting can improve the stability of the collection funnel 31, making it difficult for the axis of the collection funnel 31 to deviate.

[0047] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the connecting pipe mechanism 32 includes a connecting hose 321 and a Venturi tube 322. One end of the connecting hose 321 is connected to the end of the piston cylinder 611 away from the collection funnel 31 through a hoop, and the other end of the connecting hose 321 is connected to the throat of the Venturi tube 322 through a hoop. The inlet end of the Venturi tube 322 and the output end of the centrifugal fan 33 can be connected by threads, and the outlet end of the Venturi tube 322 and the inlet end of the cyclone separator 41 can be connected by threads.

[0048] When the centrifugal fan 33 is working, when the air extracted by the centrifugal fan 33 enters the Venturi tube 322, due to the smaller inner diameter at the throat position of the Venturi tube 322, according to Bernoulli's principle, the velocity of the air extracted by the centrifugal fan 33 increases and the pressure decreases at the throat position of the Venturi tube 322, causing a negative pressure to be formed at the throat position of the Venturi tube 322, making it easier for the hydrogen at the collection funnel 31 to enter the Venturi tube 322, enabling the rapid recovery and treatment of the leaked hydrogen and reducing the possibility of the escape of the hydrogen released under overpressure.

[0049] In this embodiment, the connecting hose 321 can be selected as a steel wire hose, and the steel wire hose has the advantages of being deformable and able to withstand vacuum.

[0050] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the combustion treatment device 5 includes a flame arrester 51, an igniter 52, a burner 53 and a metal mesh assembly 54. The flame arrester 51 and the top port of the cyclone separator 41 are connected by a flange, the burner 53 and the top end of the flame arrester 51 are connected by a flange, and the igniter 52 is installed on the burner 53 and is used to ignite the burner 53. It should be added that the middle part of the burner 53 has a plurality of gas channels, and when burning, a large flame can be divided into a plurality of small flame bundles to increase the contact area between the flame and the air, which helps to promote the complete combustion of hydrogen. The flame arrester 51 can prevent the flame in the burner 53 from flashing back into the cyclone separator 41, ensuring the safety of the combustion treatment.

[0051] The metal mesh assembly 54 includes a fixed frame 541 and a metal wire mesh 542. The fixed frame 541 is installed at the top end of the burner 53 through bolts, and the metal wire mesh 542 is placed inside the fixed frame 541. In this embodiment, multiple layers of the metal wire mesh 542 are stacked inside the fixed frame 541, and the fire prevention effect is improved by the multiple layers of the metal wire mesh 542. It can be understood that since a plurality of fine mesh holes are formed inside the metal wire mesh 542, when the flame contacts the metal wire mesh 542, the flame is divided into a large number of fine flame bundles, and the heat is quickly absorbed by the relatively low-temperature metal wire mesh 542, making the temperature lower than the ignition point and the flame goes out. The metal wire mesh 542 can prevent the flame from passing through, reducing the harm caused by high-temperature tail gas and open fire.

[0052] A control circuit is also provided at the rupture disc device 2. The control circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52. When the control circuit detects that the rupture disc device 2 is in the overpressure relief state, the control circuit controls the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52 to turn on. In this embodiment, the control circuit may include a pressure sensor and a control module. The pressure sensor and the control module are electrically connected. The control module is respectively electrically connected to the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52. The pressure sensor can be installed at the port of the rupture disc device 2. When the rupture disc device 2 is in the overpressure relief state, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor rises, and the signal of the pressure sensor is transmitted to the control module. The control module controls the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52 to turn on. The electro-control method can respond quickly and can timely capture and burn the released hydrogen. The signal transmission between the control module and the pressure sensor can adopt PID algorithm control. It should be noted that the control method of the control circuit is not limited to this one. There are many ways to control the opening and closing of the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52 by the control circuit. Since the control circuit is often used by those skilled in the art, the remaining control methods of the control circuit will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0053] The implementation principle of the hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for high-pressure hydrogen storage tank leakage in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: When the hydrogen storage tank is overpressured, the rupture disc device 2 is in the open state, and the control circuit controls the centrifugal fan 33 and the igniter 52 to open, so that a negative pressure is formed at the collection funnel 31, and the released hydrogen is sucked into the cyclone separator 41 through the connecting pipe mechanism 32. Since the released hydrogen is mixed with a large amount of air, the concentration of hydrogen is low, making it difficult for hydrogen to burn. The hydrogen concentration is increased after the treatment of the released hydrogen in the cyclone separator 41, making hydrogen easier to burn. The hydrogen after being treated in the cyclone separator 41 enters the combustion treatment device 5 to burn, and water is generated after the hydrogen is completely burned. The present invention can quickly capture and burn the hydrogen released due to overpressure. The hydrogen after being treated by the concentration enrichment device can be completely burned, reducing the possibility of the released hydrogen being discharged into the air and improving safety.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for capturing and safely disposing of leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that, It includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (1), a rupture disk device (2), a vacuum collection device (3), a hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4) and a combustion treatment device (5). The rupture disk device (2) is arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (1). The vacuum collection device (3) includes a collection funnel (31), a connecting pipe mechanism (32) and a centrifugal fan (33). The rupture disk device (2) is arranged in the collection funnel (31). The collection funnel (31) and the centrifugal fan (33) are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism (32). The collection funnel (31) and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4) are connected through the connecting pipe mechanism (32). The combustion treatment device (5) is connected to the hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4). A vibration damping device (6) is arranged between the collection funnel (31) and the connecting pipe mechanism (32). The vibration damping device (6) includes a shock absorber (61) and a support frame (62). The shock absorber (61) is arranged on the support frame (62). The collection funnel (31) and the connecting pipe mechanism (32) are respectively connected to two ends of the shock absorber (61). The connecting pipe mechanism (32) includes a connecting hose (321) and a Venturi tube (322). One end of the connecting hose (321) is connected to one end of the piston cylinder (611) of the shock absorber (61). The other end of the connecting hose (321) is connected to the throat of the Venturi tube (322). Two ends of the Venturi tube (322) are respectively connected to the centrifugal fan (33) and the hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4). The hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4) is a cyclone separator (41). The combustion treatment device (5) is arranged on the top of the cyclone separator (41). After hydrogen and air are mixed and enter the cyclone separator (41), the cyclone separator (41) drives hydrogen and air to do centrifugal motion. The heavier air sinks and is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator (41). The enriched hydrogen floats up into the combustion treatment device (5) for incineration treatment.

2. The hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for hydrogen leakage from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorber (61) includes a piston cylinder (611), an adjusting nut (612), a shock absorption spring (613) and a base (614). The base (614) is arranged on the support frame (62). External threads are provided on the outer wall of the piston cylinder (611). The piston cylinder (611) passes through the base (614). The adjusting nut (612) is screwed on one end of the piston cylinder (611) close to the collection funnel (31). The shock absorption spring (613) is sleeved on the piston cylinder (611). Two ends of the shock absorption spring (613) respectively abut against the base (614) and the adjusting nut (612). The collection funnel (31) and the connecting pipe mechanism (32) are respectively connected to two ends of the piston cylinder (611).

3. The hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for hydrogen leakage from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shock absorber (61) further includes a cylinder barrel (615) which is sleeved on the piston barrel (611) in a sliding manner. One end of the cylinder barrel (615) is connected to the base (614), and the other end of the cylinder barrel (615) is in a free state. A liquid storage cavity (7) is formed inside the cylinder barrel (615), and the liquid storage cavity (7) is filled with buffer liquid. A guide block (8) is fixed on the outer wall of the piston barrel (611). The guide block (8) is located inside the liquid storage cavity (7), and the outer wall of the guide block (8) is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (615). A plurality of diversion holes (9) are formed through the guide block (8), and the plurality of diversion holes (9) are arranged in a circumferential array. The axis of the diversion hole (9) is parallel to the axis of the piston barrel (611).

4. The hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for hydrogen leakage from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of guide rods (10) are arranged on the collection funnel (31). A plurality of guide holes (11) are formed in the support frame (62), and the plurality of guide holes (11) are arranged in a circumferential array. The axis of the guide hole (11) is parallel to the axis of the piston barrel (611). The plurality of guide rods (10) are respectively arranged in the plurality of guide holes (11), and the guide rods (10) and the guide holes (11) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for leaked hydrogen in a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion treatment device (5) includes a flame arrester (51), an igniter (52), a burner (53) and a metal mesh assembly (54). The flame arrester (51) is connected to the top of the hydrogen concentration enrichment device (4). The flame arrester (51), the burner (53) and the metal mesh assembly (54) are connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the igniter (52) is arranged on the burner (53).

6. The hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for hydrogen leakage from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that, The metal mesh assembly (54) includes a fixed frame (541) and a metal wire mesh (542). The fixed frame (541) is connected to the top of the burner (53), and the metal wire mesh (542) is arranged on the fixed frame (541).

7. A hydrogen capture and safety disposal system for leaked hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A control circuit is arranged on the rupture disc device (2). The control end of the control circuit is electrically connected to the electric control drive circuit of the centrifugal fan (33) and the circuit for starting the combustion treatment device (5). The control circuit controls the start and stop of the centrifugal fan (33) and the combustion treatment device (5) according to the start or stop state of the rupture disc device (2).

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