A sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of test benches, and discloses a sliding and swinging test bench for spherical bearings. A frame has its top for arranging a test unit, and a reciprocating driving mechanism is arranged on one side of the test unit; a loading driving mechanism is arranged above the frame, and its output end faces the top plate of the test unit for loading; two groups of test units are symmetrically arranged, and each group includes a top plate, a convex plate, a concave plate and a bottom plate which are sequentially matched, and the top of the frame is used for installing a linear guiding mechanism; the reciprocating driving mechanism is used to cooperate with the test unit through a swinging connecting mechanism for spherical sliding test, or the reciprocating driving mechanism directly cooperates with the test unit and combines with the linear guiding mechanism for planar sliding test; the friction coefficient of the test unit can be accurately tested without the influence of other interfering friction factors. This test bench can not only complete planar sliding tests, but also complete spherical sliding tests, and can independently analyze the friction coefficients of each motion form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of test benches, and in particular to a sliding and swinging test bench for spherical bearings. Background Art

[0002] In the nuclear power field, a nuclear power steam generator is a core device in the nuclear reactor building, with a complex structure and high cost. To ensure the stability of the matrix during transportation, convenient movement during temporary storage, and accurate installation during use, it is necessary to conduct working condition simulation tests on the spherical bearings (self-lubricating bearings) used for temporary support of the steam generator. However, it is difficult for existing test benches to truly simulate the stress and friction conditions of the spherical bearings used for temporary support of the steam generator. The support mechanism of traditional friction and wear test benches will generate interfering friction coefficients, affecting the accuracy of the friction coefficient of the test piece.

[0003] A patent for invention with the application number CN113551909A discloses a radial spherical plain bearing test bench, which uses bilateral rolling bearings as support bearings. Although the support bearings are universal and can complete simulation tests on bearings designed under different disclosures, during the test process, friction will occur between the support bearings and the bearing cone sleeves. This friction is not the friction on the working surface of the bearing to be tested, and the generated friction affects the final test results. In addition, this solution can only control the swing angle and swing speed through the swing drive mechanism, and cannot realize the test in the form of linear motion (sliding). Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sliding and swinging test bench for spherical bearings, so that friction only occurs on the working surface of the test unit (spherical bearing), the friction coefficient of the test unit can be accurately measured, and there is no influence of other interfering friction factors. At the same time, this test bench can not only complete planar sliding tests, but also complete spherical sliding tests, and can independently analyze the friction coefficients of each motion form.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sliding and swinging test bench for spherical bearings, comprising:

[0007] A frame, the top of which is used to set the test unit, and a reciprocating drive mechanism is arranged on one side of the test unit;

[0008] A loading drive mechanism, arranged above the frame, and its output end faces the top plate of the test unit for loading;

[0009] Two sets of test units are symmetrically arranged, and each set includes a top plate, a convex plate, a concave plate and a bottom plate that are sequentially matched. The top of the frame is used to install a linear guiding mechanism;

[0010] The reciprocating drive mechanism is used to cooperate with the test unit through a swing connection mechanism to perform a spherical sliding test between the convex plate and the concave plate. Alternatively, the reciprocating drive mechanism directly cooperates with the test unit and combines with a linear guiding mechanism to perform a planar sliding test between the concave plate and the bottom plate.

[0011] As a further implementation, a guiding column is provided on the frame. The loading drive mechanism is located above the test unit and its output end is connected to a workbench that cooperates with the guiding column. The workbench is used to be fixedly connected to the top plate of the first group of test units; the second group of test units is located at the bottom of the first group of test units.

[0012] The top plate of each group of test units is fixedly connected to the convex plate. The convex plate is in spherical cooperation with one side of the concave plate, and the other side of the concave plate is used for sliding cooperation with the bottom plate. During the planar sliding test, the bottom plates of the two groups of test units are closely attached and fixedly connected to each other; during the spherical sliding test, the concave plates of the two groups of test units are directly clamped to the swing connection mechanism, and the swing connection mechanism is used to drive the two concave plates to move to achieve the spherical sliding test between the convex plate.

[0013] As a further implementation, the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism is used to be fixedly connected to a connection head. The connection head is provided on one side of the test unit and is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plates of the two groups of test units during the planar sliding test.

[0014] As a further implementation, the linear guiding mechanism is provided on the top of the frame and is located on both sides of the bottom plate. A guiding wheel is provided on the top of the linear guiding mechanism and is used to cooperate with the bottom plate to enable the bottom plate to perform a linear motion.

[0015] As a further implementation, a circumferential anti-rotation mechanism is provided on the top plate. The circumferential anti-rotation mechanism extends to both sides of the concave plate and is used to abut against the concave plate to limit the relative rotation of the convex plate and the concave plate during the planar sliding test.

[0016] As a further implementation, a crank limit mechanism is provided on one side of the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism. A crank swing arm mechanism is provided on the crank limit mechanism. One end of the crank swing arm mechanism is connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism, and the other end is used to connect to the swing connection mechanism to drive the spherical sliding test between the convex plates and the concave plates of the two groups of test units.

[0017] As a further implementation, a first pressure sensor is provided between the workbench and the loading drive mechanism, and a second pressure sensor is provided at the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism.

[0018] As a further implementation, a number of thermocouple temperature sensors are provided on the periphery of the concave plate and are used to monitor whether there is eccentric wear around the self-lubricating bearing.

[0019] As a further implementation, one end of the connector is used for fixedly connecting with the reciprocating drive mechanism, and the other end is provided with a U-shaped groove. A pin hole is provided on the U-shaped groove for fixedly connecting with the bottom plates of two groups of test units, and pin holes are also provided at the positions of the bottom plates corresponding to the U-shaped groove.

[0020] As a further implementation, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a reciprocating oil cylinder, and the output end of the reciprocating oil cylinder is used for connecting with the connector.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention adopts the form of combining two sets of test units, so that friction only occurs on the working surface of the test unit (spherical bearing), and the friction coefficient of the test unit can be accurately measured without the influence of other interfering friction factors. The influence of the system friction coefficient is eliminated by the double friction pairs, and simulation tests can be completed for bearings designed under different working conditions. At the same time, this test bench can not only complete plane sliding tests, but also complete spherical sliding tests, and can independently analyze the friction coefficients of each motion form.

[0023] 2. The arrangement of the linear guiding mechanism and the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism in the present invention can ensure that the self-lubricating bearing moves linearly during the plane sliding test, and the friction coefficient between the concave plate and the bottom plate of the test unit can be accurately measured.

[0024] 3. The circumferential side of the concave plate in the present invention is used to set a number of thermocouple temperature sensors for monitoring whether there is eccentric wear behavior around the self-lubricating bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The attached drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-lubricating bearing test bench for temporary support of a steam generator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test unit performing a plane sliding test in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a side view schematic diagram of

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a test unit performing spherical sliding in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a top view schematic diagram of

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connector in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: The distances or sizes between each part are exaggerated for showing the positions of each part, and the schematic diagram is only for illustration.

[0033] Among them: 1. Frame, 2. Loading drive mechanism, 3. Workbench, 4. Test unit, 5. Reciprocating drive mechanism, 6. Linear guiding mechanism, 7. Circumferential anti-rotation mechanism, 8. Crank swing arm mechanism, 9. Swing connection mechanism, 10. Crank limit mechanism; 101. Guide post; 401. Top plate, 402. Convex plate, 403. Concave plate, 404. Bottom plate; 501. Connector, 502. Pin hole; 601. Guide wheel, 602. Limit block. Specific embodiments

[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanations of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 as shown, a sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing includes a frame 1, and a loading drive mechanism 2, a workbench 3, a test unit 4, a reciprocating drive mechanism 5, a linear guiding mechanism 6, a circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7, a crank swing arm mechanism 8, a swing connection mechanism 9, and a crank limit mechanism 10 provided on the frame. Among them, the linear guiding mechanism 6 and the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 are provided to realize planar sliding tests; the crank swing arm mechanism 8, the swing connection mechanism 9, and the crank limit mechanism 10 are provided to realize spherical sliding tests.

[0037] Specifically, for the frame 1, the top thereof is used to set the test unit 4, and a reciprocating drive mechanism is arranged on one side of the test unit 4; the loading drive mechanism 2 is arranged above the frame 1, and its output end faces the top plate of the test unit 4 for loading; two groups of test units 4 are symmetrically arranged, and each group includes a top plate, a convex plate, a concave plate, and a bottom plate that are sequentially matched, and the top of the frame 1 is used to install the linear guiding mechanism 6.

[0038] The reciprocating drive mechanism 5 is used to cooperate with the test unit 4 through the swing connection mechanism 9 to perform spherical sliding tests between the convex plate and the concave plate, or the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 directly cooperates with the test unit 4 and combines with the linear guiding mechanism 6 to perform planar sliding tests between the concave plate and the bottom plate.

[0039] This embodiment adopts the form of combining two sets of test units, so that friction only occurs on the working surface of the test unit (spherical bearing), and the friction coefficient of the test unit can be accurately measured without the influence of other interfering friction factors. At the same time, this test bench can not only complete the planar sliding test, but also complete the spherical sliding test, and can independently analyze the friction coefficient of each motion form.

[0040] Since the temporary support of the steam generator is an important special tool for realizing the installation, positioning of the nuclear power steam generator and the butt welding with the main pipeline, and it is a key equipment restricting the positioning of the top head of the nuclear island containment. Therefore, the self-lubricating bearing (spherical bearing) on the temporary support needs to have the characteristics of being able to translate to adjust the position and rotate to adjust the angle.

[0041] As Figures 2-3 shown, two groups of test units 4 are symmetrically arranged. The first group of test units 4 is located above, and the second group of test units 4 is located at the bottom of the first group of test units 4. Taking the first group of test units 4 as an example, it includes a top plate 401, a convex plate 402, a concave plate 403, and a bottom plate 404 that are sequentially matched. Among them, both the top plate 401 and the bottom plate 404 are straight plates. The top surface of the convex plate 402 is a plane and is fixedly connected to the top plate 401, and the bottom surface protrudes downward in a spherical shape. The top surface of the concave plate 403 corresponds to the spherical surface of the bottom surface of the convex plate 402, and the two cooperate with each other and can rotate relative to each other through the spherical surface to adjust the angle of the top plate 401. The structure of the second group of test units 4 is the same as that of the first group of test units, and the two groups of test units 4 are symmetrically arranged. Therefore, the two bottom plates 404 are in contact with each other. The test unit 4 of this embodiment is a spherical bearing, also called a self-lubricating bearing.

[0042] The size of the bottom plate 404 is larger than that of the top plate 401, the convex plate 402, and the concave plate 403. A stainless steel plate is provided on the top surface of the bottom plate 404. The stainless steel plate has a small friction coefficient and is in sliding fit with the bottom plane of the concave plate 403 through the stainless steel plate. The planar sliding test of this embodiment is used to test the friction coefficient between the concave plate 403 and the bottom plate 404, and the spherical sliding test is used to perform a spherical swing test between the convex plate 402 and the concave plate 403.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, four guide columns 101 are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the frame 1. The top of the guide columns 101 is installed with a loading driving mechanism 2 through a fixing plate. The output end of the loading driving mechanism 2 faces downward. The test unit 4 is arranged on the top surface of the frame and is located between the loading driving mechanism 2 and the frame. The output end of the loading driving mechanism 2 is connected to the workbench 3, and the workbench is slidably matched with the four guide columns 101. A first pressure sensor is provided between the workbench 3 and the output end of the loading driving mechanism 2. The loading driving mechanism 2 includes an oil cylinder and a hydraulic loading system. The loading oil cylinder is fixed on the frame 1 as a guiding mechanism and is connected to the lifting workbench 3. The hydraulic loading system is connected to the loading oil cylinder.

[0044] The top plate 401 of the first set of test units is fixed to the bottom of the workbench. The top plate 401 of the second set of test units is located on the top surface of the frame and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the frame through connecting parts such as bolts.

[0045] A reciprocating drive mechanism 5 is provided on one side of the test unit 4. The reciprocating drive mechanism 5 is installed on the frame. The output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 is used for fixedly connecting with the connecting head 501. The connecting head 501 is provided on one side of the test unit and is used for fixedly connecting with the bottom plates 404 of the two sets of test units during the planar sliding test.

[0046] Bolt holes are provided on the bottom plates of the two sets of test units 4, and the two bottom plates can be fixedly connected into one body. During the planar sliding test, the bottom plates of the two sets of test units 4 are closely attached and fixedly connected to each other; the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a reciprocating oil cylinder. The output end of the reciprocating oil cylinder is used for connecting with the connecting head 501. One end of the connecting head 501 is used for fixedly connecting with the reciprocating drive mechanism, and the other end is provided with a U-shaped groove. A plurality of pin holes 502 are provided on the U-shaped groove for fixedly connecting with the bottom plates of the two sets of test units. A plurality of pin holes 602 are also provided in the width direction at the position of the bottom plate corresponding to the U-shaped groove, which can play the role of a linear guiding mechanism.

[0047] The U-shaped groove of the connecting head 501 clamps the two bottom plates, and by setting connecting parts such as fixing pins in the width direction, the connection between the connecting head 501 and the two bottom plates is realized. Under the action of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, the two bottom plates can move, thereby realizing the planar sliding test between the bottom plate and the concave plate.

[0048] A second pressure sensor is provided at the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5. The first pressure sensor is used to detect the loading force, and the second pressure sensor is used to detect the thrust force. When the two bottom plates 404 slide synchronously, the friction only occurs between the planes of the two concave plates 403 and the bottom plates 404. Half of the collected system friction coefficient is the planar sliding friction coefficient of a single test piece. By changing the magnitude of the loading force, the planar sliding test of the self-lubricating bearing can be realized. The calculation of the friction coefficient is prior art.

[0049] This embodiment adopts the form of combining two sets of test units, so that the friction only occurs on the working surface of the test unit (self-lubricating bearing), and the friction coefficient of the test unit can be accurately measured without the influence of other interfering friction factors.

[0050] In another example, a linear guiding mechanism 6 can be adopted to ensure that the two bottom plates move linearly during the planar sliding test. The linear guiding mechanism 6 is provided on the top of the frame 1 and is located on both sides of the bottom plate. The top of the linear guiding mechanism 6 is provided with guiding wheels 601 for cooperating with the bottom plate to realize the linear movement of the bottom plate.

[0051] Such asFigures 2-3 As shown, a total of four linear guiding mechanisms 6 are provided, with two provided on each side of the bottom plate. Its structure includes a limit block 602. The limit block 602 is L-shaped, and a guiding wheel 601 is provided on the top. The guiding wheel 601 is used to contact the side surface of the bottom plate during the planar sliding test to ensure that the bottom plate 404 moves in a straight line.

[0052] The minimum distance between two guiding wheels 602 on the same side ≤ 50 mm, and the minimum distance between the guiding wheels on both sides ≤ 50 mm; the friction coefficient of the guiding wheel ≤ 0.1. Since no force is applied in the width direction of the bottom plate, the friction of the guiding wheel on the bottom plate is very small and can be ignored.

[0053] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in order to prevent relative rotation between the convex plate 402 and the concave plate 403 during the planar sliding test, a circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 needs to be installed during the test. The circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 is installed on the top plate of the test unit, and its two side surfaces abut against the concave plate 403 to prevent the concave plate from rotating relative to the convex plate.

[0054] The structure of the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 can be a connecting plate installed on the side of the top plate close to the convex plate. A bolt is threadedly engaged on the connecting plate, and the bolt protrudes to abut against the concave plate. Of course, the specific structure of the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 can be designed according to requirements as long as it can restrict relative rotation between the convex plate 402 and the concave plate 403.

[0055] During the spherical sliding test, the concave plates 403 of the two test units 4 are directly clamped with the swing connection mechanism 9. The swing connection mechanism 9 is used to drive the two concave plates to move to achieve the spherical sliding test with the convex plate. It should be noted that during the spherical sliding test, the linear guiding mechanism 6 and the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 need to be removed, and the crank swing arm mechanism 8, the swing connection mechanism 9, and the crank limit mechanism 10 need to be installed.

[0056] As Figures 4-5 shown, one side of the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 is used to set the crank limit mechanism 10. The crank limit mechanism 10 is in the structure of an L-shaped connecting rod. One end of the crank limit mechanism 10 is rotatably connected to the crank swing arm mechanism 8. One end of the crank swing arm mechanism 8 is rotatably connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, or is rotatably connected to the connection head of the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, and the other end is used to connect the swing connection mechanism 9 to drive the spherical sliding test between the convex plates and the concave plates of the two test units.

[0057] It can be understood that during the spherical sliding test, the bottom plates 404 of the two test units 4 need to be removed and replaced with the swing connection mechanism 9.

[0058] The swing connection mechanism 9 is a plate-like structure. One side of it is provided with a connection part for rotatably connecting with the crank swing arm mechanism 8. Grooves are provided on both the top surface and the bottom surface of its body. The shape of the grooves is adapted to the concave plate for clamping the concave plate. The reciprocating drive mechanism 5 drives the swing connection mechanism 9 to rotate through the crank swing arm mechanism 8, and thus the relative rotation between the concave plate and the convex plate can be realized to conduct the spherical sliding test.

[0059] A number of thermocouple temperature sensors are arranged on the circumferential side of the concave plate 403 to monitor whether there is eccentric wear around the self-lubricating bearing; the minimum linear distance between the thermocouple temperature sensor and the plane friction surface of the concave plate 403 ≤ 50 mm. If there is a large difference in temperature data, it indicates that the structural dimensions of the self-lubricating bearing deviate greatly from the designed dimensions.

[0060] It can be understood that the above connection can be at least one connection method among grooves, keys, bolts, card slots, pins, interference fits, clearance fits, or other achievable methods. The most suitable method can be specifically selected according to needs.

[0061] The driving distance of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 in this embodiment is 5 - 200 mm. The reciprocating oil cylinder controls the reciprocating distance and speed through the electromagnetic directional valve and the displacement sensor.

[0062] The working process is as follows:

[0063] When the motion form is planar sliding, first, the convex plate 402 is welded or bolted to the top plate 401, and one top plate 401 is positioned on the lifting workbench 3; the other top plate 401 (the top plate of the second group of test units) is positioned on the top working surface of the frame 1. The spherical surface of the lower concave plate 403 (the concave plate of the second group of test units) is freely placed on the spherical surface of the upper convex plate 402 (the convex plate of the second group of test units), and the friction surface of the lower bottom plate 404 (the bottom plate of the second group of test units) is in contact with the plane of the concave plate 403.

[0064] One side of the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 is connected to the lower top plate 401, and the other side is in contact with the lower concave plate 403; the limit block 602 of the linear guiding mechanism is installed on the machine body, and the guiding wheel 601 is in contact with the lower bottom plate 404; the non-friction surface of the upper bottom plate 404 is placed on the lower bottom plate 404. After the two bottom plates 404 are bolted and fixed, they are fixedly connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 through a pin shaft. The plane of the upper concave plate 403 is placed on the upper bottom plate 404, and the spherical surface of the upper concave plate 403 is in contact with the spherical surface of the upper convex plate 402;

[0065] The circumferential anti-rotation mechanism 7 on the corresponding upper mounting top plate 401 is provided to set the magnitude of the force applied by the loading oil cylinder of the loading drive mechanism 2 to the test unit. Then, the reciprocating oil cylinder in the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 operates to drive the upper and lower bottom plates 403 to reciprocate linearly together, collect test data and analyze it to complete the plane sliding test. By changing the magnitude of the force applied by the loading oil cylinder of the loading drive mechanism 2 and changing the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, the working states of the test unit 4 under different working conditions can be simulated.

[0066] When the motion form is spherical swing, first weld the convex plate 402 to the top plate 401; position one top plate 401 (i.e., the upper top plate 401) on the lifting workbench 3; position the other top plate 401 (i.e., the lower top plate) on the working surface of the frame, and freely place the spherical surface of the lower concave plate 403 on the spherical surface of the upper convex plate 402.

[0067] One side groove of the swing connection mechanism 9 is clamped with the plane of the lower concave plate 403; the other side groove is clamped with the plane of the upper concave plate 403; the concave surface of the concave plate 403 is in contact with the convex surface of the convex plate 402; then, connect one end of the crank swing arm mechanism 8 to the swing connection mechanism 9 and the other end to the reciprocating drive mechanism 5; connect one end of the crank limit mechanism 10 to the crank swing arm mechanism 8 and the other end to the fuselage 1.

[0068] The reciprocating oil cylinder in the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 operates to drive the crank swing arm mechanism 8 to swing, then drive the swing connection mechanism 9 to swing, and then drive the concave plate 403 to swing, collect test data and analyze it to complete the spherical swing test. By changing the magnitude of the force applied by the loading oil cylinder of the loading drive mechanism 2 and changing the reciprocating stroke of the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, the test can be simulated. Friction only occurs between the spherical surfaces of the two concave plates 403 and the spherical surface of the convex plate 402, and half of the collected system friction coefficient is the friction coefficient of a single test piece.

[0069] Through the straight-line distance from the reciprocating drive mechanism 5 to the crank limit mechanism 10, the straight-line distance from the swing rotation point of the crank swing arm mechanism 8 to the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, and the force output by the reciprocating drive mechanism 5, the force exerted by the crank swing arm mechanism 8 on the swing connection mechanism 9 can be obtained. Furthermore, based on the loading force, the frictional force can be finally obtained, and the friction coefficient can be obtained. This calculation process belongs to the prior art.

[0070] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing, characterized in that, Comprising: A frame, the top of which is used to set up a test unit, and a reciprocating drive mechanism is arranged on one side of the test unit; A loading drive mechanism, arranged above the frame, and its output end faces the top plate of the test unit for loading; There are two sets of test units symmetrically arranged. Each set includes a top plate, a convex plate, a concave plate and a bottom plate that cooperate in sequence. The top of the frame is used to install a linear guiding mechanism; The reciprocating drive mechanism is used to cooperate with the test unit through a swing connection mechanism to perform a spherical sliding test between the convex plate and the concave plate. Or, the reciprocating drive mechanism directly cooperates with the test unit and combines with the linear guiding mechanism to perform a planar sliding test between the concave plate and the bottom plate; Guide columns are arranged on the frame. The loading drive mechanism is located above the test unit, and its output end is connected to a workbench that cooperates with the guide columns. The workbench is used to be fixedly connected to the top plate of the first set of test units; The second set of test units is located at the bottom of the first set of test units; The top plate of each set of test units is fixedly connected to the convex plate. The convex plate is in spherical cooperation with one side of the concave plate. The other side of the concave plate is used for sliding cooperation with the bottom plate. During the planar sliding test, the bottom plates of the two sets of test units are closely attached and fixed to each other; During the spherical sliding test, the concave plates of the two sets of test units are directly clamped with the swing connection mechanism, and the swing connection mechanism is used to drive the two concave plates to move to realize the spherical sliding test between the convex plate; A circumferential anti-rotation mechanism is arranged on the top plate. The circumferential anti-rotation mechanism extends to both sides of the concave plate and is used to abut against the concave plate to limit the relative rotation between the convex plate and the concave plate during the planar sliding test; During the spherical sliding test, the linear guiding mechanism, the circumferential anti-rotation mechanism and the bottom plates of the two sets of test units are removed, and a crank swing arm mechanism, a swing connection mechanism and a crank limit mechanism are installed.

2. The sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism is used to be fixedly connected to a connecting head. The connecting head is arranged on one side of the test unit and is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plates of the two sets of test units during the planar sliding test.

3. The sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linear guiding mechanism is arranged on the top of the frame and is located on both sides of the bottom plate. Guide wheels are arranged on the top of the linear guiding mechanism and are used to cooperate with the bottom plate to realize the linear movement of the bottom plate.

4. The sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that One side of the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism is used to set up a crank limit mechanism. A crank swing arm mechanism is arranged on the crank limit mechanism. One end of the crank swing arm mechanism is connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism, and the other end is used to connect the swing connection mechanism to drive the spherical sliding test between the convex plates and the concave plates of the two sets of test units.

5. A sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, A first pressure sensor is arranged between the workbench and the loading drive mechanism. A second pressure sensor is arranged at the output end of the reciprocating drive mechanism.

6. The sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, A number of thermocouple temperature sensors are arranged on the periphery of the concave plate and are used to monitor whether there is eccentric wear around the self-lubricating bearing.

7. A sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the connecting head is used to be fixedly connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism, and the other end is provided with a U-shaped groove. A pin hole is arranged on the U-shaped groove and is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plates of the two sets of test units. Pin holes are also arranged at the positions of the bottom plates corresponding to the U-shaped groove.

8. The sliding and swinging test bench for a spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating drive mechanism includes a reciprocating oil cylinder, and the output end of the reciprocating oil cylinder is used to be connected to the connecting head.

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