Methods for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This invention provides a method for the interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, comprising: disassembling the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module to obtain a laminate, wherein the laminate includes multiple solar cells arranged with gaps; cutting the laminate along the gaps to obtain multiple solar cells; subjecting the multiple solar cells to low-temperature treatment to break the aluminum back surface of the solar cell layer, obtaining a first bonding material and a second bonding material; subjecting the first bonding material to pyrolysis treatment to decompose the first sealing layer, obtaining a mixture including glass and solar cells, wherein the mixture is suitable for sorting and separation to obtain pure glass and solar cells. This invention avoids the high-temperature decomposition of the fluorinated backsheet during pyrolysis, thereby avoiding the release of fluorides; it also avoids the use of toxic chemical reagents. This invention achieves green and efficient interlayer separation and high-quality material recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, possessing advantages such as environmental friendliness, low cost, and ease of industrialization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment, and specifically to a method for the interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] With traditional energy sources gradually depleting and environmental problems intensifying, vigorously developing various renewable energy sources has become a global consensus. Photovoltaic technology is widely considered a key technology for achieving decarbonized energy supply, possessing the potential to sustainably transform energy systems. However, due to the limited lifespan of photovoltaic modules (approximately 25 years), this means that an increasing number of photovoltaic modules will reach the end of their lifespan. These discarded modules have been defined as a new type of electrical and electronic equipment waste, and with the rapid development of photovoltaic technology, the recycling and disposal of waste photovoltaic modules has become an urgent issue.

[0003] A typical crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is a laminate composed of glass, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, solar cells, and a backsheet. To fully recover the various resources within the module, it is necessary to separate the different layers. Among various recycling methods, including mechanical, chemical, and thermal treatment, thermal treatment is a promising method as it can completely decompose the polymers in the module and achieve the separation of components in a relatively short time. However, the combustion of fluorinated backsheets releases large amounts of toxic and corrosive hydrogen fluoride gas, which can easily corrode equipment and pollute the environment.

[0004] To avoid the problem of hydrogen fluoride pollution caused by the release of fluorine from the fluorinated backsheet due to direct heat treatment, "separating the materials of each layer in the photovoltaic module" is a key step in the relevant technologies for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. For example, the following methods can be used to separate the photovoltaic modules:

[0005] This method utilizes a primary solvent (including any one or a combination of at least two of N,N-dimethylpropenyl urea (DMPU), divalent ester (DBE), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or propylene carbonate) and a co-solvent (including any one or a combination of at least two of diethyl carbonate, ethanol, ethylene glycol, or glycerol) to dissolve EVA, thereby achieving the separation of components within the module. However, this method uses toxic chemical reagents, the solvent has difficulty penetrating the module's interior, the reaction time is long, and it has a significant environmental impact.

[0006] Mechanical grinding is used to remove the backing plate. However, the reaction conditions for removing the backing plate by grinding are harsh. For example, it is necessary to overcome the high temperature environment caused by grinding to reduce the thermal decomposition release of hazardous fluorides from the fluorinated backing plate; and it is necessary to control the feed rate of the grinding to completely remove the backing plate. These conditions are difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale industrial production.

[0007] In summary, existing methods for separating and recycling photovoltaic modules face technical challenges such as the need for toxic chemical reagents, long reaction cycles, and difficulties in removing / separating the backsheet. Therefore, how to remove / separate the backsheet in a green and efficient manner, thereby achieving the separation of various components within the module, is a key issue of concern for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the main objective of this invention is to provide a method for the interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. By combining cold and heat treatment, the method achieves efficient separation of each layer of the photovoltaic module, avoids the thermal decomposition and release of hazardous fluorides in the fluorine-containing backsheet, obtains higher quality recycling effect and lower environmental impact, and is more suitable for industrial-scale production.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] This invention provides a method for the interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, comprising the following operations:

[0011] Disassembling a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module yields a laminate, wherein the laminate comprises multiple solar cells arranged with gaps between them;

[0012] The laminated component is cut along the above gap to obtain multiple battery cells, wherein the battery cells are mainly composed of glass, a first sealing layer, a battery layer, a second sealing layer and a back sheet stacked in sequence;

[0013] Multiple of the above-mentioned battery cells are subjected to low-temperature treatment at -20°C to -196°C to cause the aluminum back field of the battery layer to fracture, resulting in a first adhesive material including the battery layer, the first sealing layer and the glass, and a second adhesive material including the back plate and the second sealing layer.

[0014] The first adhesive material is subjected to pyrolysis treatment, which decomposes the first sealing layer to obtain a mixture including glass and battery, wherein the mixture is suitable for sorting and separation to obtain pure glass and battery.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules of the present invention has at least one or a part of the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Advanced process: The second sealing layer and backsheet of the photovoltaic module are removed by low temperature separation process. After low temperature separation, high temperature pyrolysis is carried out, which can effectively solve the problem of thermal decomposition release of dangerous fluorides and solve the problem that traditional methods are difficult to remove / separate the backsheet.

[0017] (2) Green and environmentally friendly: Compared with other similar photovoltaic module separation methods, the method of the present invention does not use any chemical reagents, further reducing the processing cost and effectively avoiding the generation of hazardous waste liquid;

[0018] (3) High recovery rate: The method described in this invention does not involve crushing or other operations on the components, and the second sealing layer and back plate have been removed in advance before pyrolysis, which reduces the mass loss caused by crushing and pyrolysis, and the components have extremely high recovery rates. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module used in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-temperature separation of the aluminum back surface of the battery layer of the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module used in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 For cutting Figure 1 A top view of the laminate shown;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a process flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the laminate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention before and after low-temperature separation and high-temperature pyrolysis. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted beforehand that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used in the following embodiments have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is provided. Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module used in an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the aforementioned waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module mainly consists of an aluminum frame 1, a laminate 2, and a junction box 3. The aluminum frame 1 is used to fix and protect the laminate 2. The laminate 2 mainly includes, in sequence, glass 21, a first sealing layer 22, a cell layer 23, a second sealing layer 24, and a backsheet 25. The junction box 3 is used to connect to external wiring to conduct the current generated by the cell layer 23 in the photovoltaic module. It should be noted that... Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram drawn for ease of explanation and does not show the detailed structure of the laminate 2, such as the cell array structure.

[0027] The aforementioned waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules contain an aluminum back surface field in cell layer 23. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-temperature separation of the aluminum back surface field of the battery layer in the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module used in this embodiment of the invention. The aluminum back surface field structure from top to bottom consists of a silicon layer, an aluminum-doped p-layer, and a silicon layer. + The layers consist of an aluminum-silicon eutectic layer, an aluminum particle layer, and the remaining aluminum particle layer (referred to as the aluminum film). For ease of description, Figure 2 In this designation, 231 represents three layers: a silicon layer, an aluminum-doped p+ layer, and an aluminum-silicon eutectic layer. 233 represents the remaining aluminum particle layer (referred to as the aluminum film). During the development of this invention, it was discovered that the aluminum back surface field structure is prone to fracture at low temperatures, allowing the aluminum-silicon eutectic layer and the aluminum film to separate. Figure 2 In the diagram, the fracture line 232 located between the aluminum film and the aluminum-silicon eutectic layer indicates the low-temperature separation location, thereby efficiently and simply removing the backsheet 25. Then, the part with the backsheet removed is separated by pyrolysis. In this way, by combining cold and heat treatment, the efficient separation and recycling of each layer of the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is achieved, avoiding the thermal decomposition release of dangerous fluorides in the fluorine-containing backsheet. No organic chemical reagents are needed, which can effectively avoid the treatment of dangerous waste liquid, reduce treatment costs, and is suitable for industrial-scale production.

[0028] The following is based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention describes the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules used in this invention, and provides a detailed description of the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to embodiments of this invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following operations S301 to S304:

[0030] In operation S301, the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is disassembled to obtain the laminate 2, wherein the laminate 2 includes multiple solar cells arranged with gaps; the disassembly operation also yields the aluminum frame 1 and the junction box 3.

[0031] In operation S302, the laminate is cut along the gap to obtain multiple battery cells, wherein the battery cells are mainly composed of glass 2, a first sealing layer, a battery layer, a second sealing layer and a back plate stacked in sequence.

[0032] In operation S303, multiple of the above-mentioned battery cells are subjected to low-temperature treatment at -20°C to -196°C to cause the aluminum back field of the above-mentioned battery layer to fracture, thereby obtaining a first adhesive material including the above-mentioned battery layer, the above-mentioned first sealing layer and the above-mentioned glass, and a second adhesive material including the above-mentioned back plate and the above-mentioned second sealing layer.

[0033] In operation S304, the first adhesive material is subjected to pyrolysis treatment, causing the first sealing layer to decompose and obtain a mixture including glass and battery, wherein the mixture is suitable for sorting and separation to obtain pure glass and battery.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the gaps between the solar cells 20 do not contain the solar cell layer 23, it is difficult to achieve separation at low temperatures based on the special structure of the aluminum back surface. Therefore, the laminate 2 is cut before the cryogenic treatment. Thus, at a cryogenic temperature of -20℃ to -196℃, the aluminum back surface easily fractures and separates from the aluminum film, allowing the cut solar cells 20 to separate into a first adhesive material and a second adhesive material. The first adhesive material, excluding the backsheet, is pyrolyzed to obtain a mixture of glass and cells. This mixture is easily sorted to obtain pure glass and cells, thereby achieving efficient and environmentally friendly separation and recycling of the various layers of the photovoltaic module. It is worth noting that the method of the present invention does not require the integrity of the glass in the photovoltaic module; that is, modules with broken glass can still be processed for component separation and resource recycling according to the method of the present invention.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S301, the disassembly method is manual disassembly and / or mechanical disassembly, and there are no special restrictions, as long as the aluminum frame 1, the laminate 2 and the junction box 3 can be separated.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S302, the cutting method is manual cutting and / or mechanical cutting, without any particular restrictions. Preferably, the mechanical cutting equipment is an angle grinder or a cutting machine, and the cutting disc is a titanium-plated diamond grinding disc.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 For cutting Figure 1 The top view of the laminate shown is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the laminate 2 includes multiple battery cells 20 arranged with gaps 26 on the order of millimeters, such as 2-5 mm, and the cutting direction is, for example, along the direction of the double arrows shown in the figure. The gaps in the laminate do not contain battery layers 23; the first sealing layer 22 and the second sealing layer 24 are directly bonded together, making separation difficult due to the strong adhesive force. Preferably, the battery cells obtained after cutting contain battery layers in the first sealing layer 22 and the second sealing layer 24, but do not contain structures formed by directly bonding the first and second sealing layers, thereby ensuring smooth separation of the battery cells at low temperatures.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, operation S302 further includes the operation of further cutting the plurality of battery cells 20 into small block-shaped laminates. For example, the battery cell 20 obtained by cutting along the gap has a size of 156mm × 156mm, and the battery cell can be further cut, thereby finally obtaining small block-shaped laminates with a size between 78mm × 78mm and 156mm × 156mm. Preferably, the laminates are cut only along the gap, which allows for easy removal of the backsheet and simplifies the cutting process.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S303, the temperature for low-temperature treatment is preferably -40°C to -100°C, for example, it can be -40°C, -60°C, -80°C, -100°C, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S303, the time for low-temperature treatment is preferably 1 to 30 minutes, such as 3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes, 15 minutes, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S303, the cryogenic treatment method is preferably either liquid nitrogen refrigeration or mixed refrigerant refrigeration. The equipment for cryogenic treatment can be, for example, a cryogenic freezer or a liquid nitrogen refrigeration device, but is not limited to these, as long as it can achieve low-temperature conditions in the range of -20°C to -196°C.

[0042] It should be noted that the cryogenic treatment time can be appropriately reduced or extended within the preferred range. For example, if a higher cryogenic treatment temperature is selected, the cryogenic treatment time should be extended accordingly to ensure the separation effect between the second sealing layer and the backing plate and to reduce energy consumption.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S303, the method of causing the aluminum back field to break can be, for example, manual peeling and / or mechanical peeling, without any particular limitation. Based on the property that the aluminum back field is easy to break at low temperatures, the operation of manual peeling and / or mechanical peeling is easy to implement.

[0044] According to embodiments of the present invention, the materials of the first sealing layer 22 and the second sealing layer 24 may be, for example, EVA, polyolefin elastomer (POE), or polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film. Conventional pyrolysis methods remove the first sealing layer 22, the second sealing layer 24, and the backing plate 25, leading to the release of hazardous fluorides from the fluorinated backing plate. In the present invention, the second adhesive material is removed before pyrolysis, and only the first sealing layer 22 of the first adhesive material is pyrolyzed, reducing losses caused by pyrolysis and improving the recovery rate of each component material.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S304, the temperature of the pyrolysis treatment is 500°C to 700°C, for example 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable, as long as the first sealing layer 22 can be decomposed.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S304, the pyrolysis treatment time is 20 to 90 minutes, such as 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the above range are also applicable.

[0047] It is worth noting that the required pyrolysis treatment time can be appropriately reduced or extended within a preferred range. For example, if a higher pyrolysis temperature is selected, the pyrolysis treatment time should be reduced accordingly to ensure that the first sealing layer is fully decomposed and to reduce energy consumption.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S304, the pyrolysis atmosphere is preferably any one of oxygen, nitrogen, argon or quiescent conditions, preferably quiescent conditions, in order to further reduce reaction conditions and reduce processing costs.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S304, the sorting method can be either air classification or mechanical screening, preferably mechanical screening. More preferably, based on the difference in thickness between the glass and the battery, the width of the screen openings should be greater than the thickness of the battery and less than the thickness of the glass.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a process flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to the present invention; as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Dismantling: Manual and / or mechanical dismantling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to obtain junction boxes, aluminum frames and laminates, wherein the laminates include multiple cells arranged with gaps;

[0052] (2) Cutting: Use an angle grinder or cutter to cut the laminate described in step (1) along the gap of the battery cells to obtain small laminates with dimensions between 78mm×78mm and 156mm×156mm. The small laminates include glass, upper EVA, battery layer, lower EVA and backplate stacked in sequence.

[0053] (3) Low temperature separation: The small laminated parts described in step (2) are frozen in a low temperature freezing equipment and kept at -40℃ to -100℃ for 1 to 30 minutes. Then, manual and / or mechanical peeling is performed to break the aluminum back field of the battery layer, and the first bonding material (including glass + upper EVA + battery layer) and the second bonding material (including lower EVA + back plate) are obtained.

[0054] (4) High-temperature pyrolysis: The first bonding material described in step (3) is processed in a pyrolysis device and pyrolyzed at 500℃~700℃ for 20~90 minutes to obtain a mixture including glass and battery;

[0055] (5) Sorting: The mixture of glass and battery described in step (4) is sorted by sieve to obtain pure glass and battery.

[0056] The following are several specific embodiments to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention in detail. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods; the materials, reagents, instruments, etc., used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the method comprising the following steps:

[0059] (1) Manually dismantle waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to obtain aluminum frames, junction boxes and laminates, wherein the laminates include multiple cells arranged with gaps.

[0060] (2) Use an angle grinder to cut the laminate described in step (1) to obtain a small block laminate with a size of 78mm×78mm. The small block laminate should not include the gap between the battery cells.

[0061] (3) Place the small block laminate described in step (2) into a low temperature freezer and keep it at -60°C for 10 minutes. Under low temperature conditions, manually peel it off to obtain the first adhesive material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) and the second adhesive material (lower EVA + back plate).

[0062] (4) The first bonding material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) described in step (3) is placed in a quartz crucible and heat-treated in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 60 minutes under no-airflow conditions to obtain a mixture including glass and battery.

[0063] (5) The mixture described in step (4) is sieved to separate pure glass and battery.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a comparison image of the small laminated component before and after low-temperature separation and high-temperature pyrolysis in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The upper part of the image shows the result of the small laminated component after the low-temperature separation step (3), where the second adhesive material (lower EVA + backsheet) is completely separated and removed from the component; the lower part of the image shows the result of the first adhesive material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) after the high-temperature pyrolysis step, where the EVA adhesive layer is completely decomposed, resulting in a mixture of glass, battery and busbar.

[0065] Using the formula: Heat loss mass ratio (%) = Total mass of photovoltaic module before pyrolysis / Total mass of photovoltaic module after pyrolysis, the heat loss mass ratio of the example was calculated. The results show that the heat loss mass ratio obtained in Example 1 is about 4.3%, that is, about 95.7% of the total mass of photovoltaic module (excluding aluminum frame and junction box) is recycled.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the method comprising the following steps:

[0068] (1) Manually dismantle waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to obtain aluminum frames, junction boxes and laminates, wherein the laminates include multiple cells arranged with gaps.

[0069] (2) Use an angle grinder to cut the laminate described in step (1) to obtain a small block laminate with a size of 78mm×156mm. The small block laminate should not include the gap between the battery cells.

[0070] (3) Place the small block laminate described in step (2) into a liquid nitrogen freezing device and keep it at a low temperature of -100°C for 5 minutes. Under low temperature conditions, manually peel it off to obtain the first bonding material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) and the second bonding material (lower EVA + back plate).

[0071] (4) The first bonding material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) described in step (3) is placed in a muffle furnace and heat-treated at 600°C for 45 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture of glass and battery.

[0072] (5) The mixture described in step (4) is sieved to separate pure glass and battery.

[0073] Calculations show that the heat loss mass ratio obtained in Example 2 is approximately 4.6%, meaning that approximately 95.4% of the total mass of the photovoltaic module (excluding the aluminum frame and junction box) is recycled.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the method comprising the following steps:

[0076] (1) Manually dismantle waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules to obtain aluminum frames, junction boxes and laminates, wherein the laminates include multiple cells arranged with gaps.

[0077] (2) Use an angle grinder to cut the laminate described in step (1) along the gap between the battery cells to obtain a small block-shaped laminate with a size of 156mm×156mm;

[0078] (3) Place the small block laminate described in step (2) into a low temperature freezer and keep it at -40°C for 20 minutes. Under low temperature conditions, manually peel it off to obtain the first adhesive material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) and the second adhesive material (lower EVA + back plate).

[0079] (4) The first bonding material (glass + upper EVA + battery layer) described in step (3) is placed in a muffle furnace and heat-treated at 650°C for 30 minutes under no airflow conditions to obtain a mixture of glass and battery.

[0080] (5) The mixture described in step (4) is sieved to separate pure glass and battery.

[0081] Calculations show that Example 3 achieves complete separation of the components, and approximately 95.5% of the total mass of the photovoltaic module (excluding the aluminum frame and junction box) is recycled.

[0082] As can be seen from the above embodiments, after using the method of the present invention for interlayer separation of photovoltaic modules, the removal / separation of the lower layer EVA+ backsheet, glass, busbar, and cells in the module can be effectively achieved. During this process, since the fluorinated backsheet is completely separated and removed in the low-temperature separation step, the mass loss caused by pyrolysis is reduced, and the thermal release of hazardous fluorides is avoided. Approximately 95% or more of the total mass of the photovoltaic module is recovered. This method features efficient and green separation and high-quality resource recovery, making it suitable for large-scale industrial applications.

[0083] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for interlayer separation and recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, Includes the following operations: Disassembling a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module yields a laminate, wherein the laminate includes a plurality of solar cells arranged with gaps, and the gaps in the laminate have a structure formed by direct bonding of a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer. The laminate is cut along the gap to obtain a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are mainly composed of glass, the first sealing layer, the battery layer, the second sealing layer and the back sheet stacked in sequence, and the battery cells obtained by cutting do not contain the structure formed by directly bonding the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer; Multiple battery cells are subjected to low-temperature treatment at -20℃ to -60℃. The aluminum back surface of the battery layer is broken by manual or mechanical peeling to obtain a first adhesive material including the battery layer, the first sealing layer and the glass, and a second adhesive material including the back plate and the second sealing layer. The first adhesive material is subjected to pyrolysis treatment, which decomposes the first sealing layer to obtain a mixture comprising glass and battery, wherein the mixture is suitable for sorting and separation to obtain pure glass and battery, and the pyrolysis treatment temperature is 500°C to 700°C.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the battery cells obtained after cutting are between 78mm×78mm and 156mm×156mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the battery cell obtained after cutting are 156mm × 156mm.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The low-temperature treatment time is 1 to 30 minutes.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cryogenic treatment method is liquid nitrogen refrigeration or mixed refrigerant refrigeration.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The pyrolysis treatment takes 20 to 90 minutes, and the pyrolysis atmosphere is any one of oxygen, nitrogen, argon, or quiescent gas.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disassembly method is manual disassembly and / or mechanical disassembly; The disassembly operation also yielded the aluminum frame and junction box.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting method is manual cutting and / or mechanical cutting.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mechanical cutting equipment is an angle grinder or a cutting machine, and the cutting disc is a titanium-plated diamond grinding disc.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting method can be either air separation or mechanical screening.

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