Electrolytic cell and bipolar plate

Abstract

The application provides an electrolytic cell and a bipolar plate, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic water, and the bipolar plate comprises: a plate body having an anode surface and a cathode surface, the anode surface being provided with at least one anode inlet; and a fluid flow channel located on the anode surface of the plate body, the fluid flow channel comprising at least one set of flow channel components arranged along a first direction, the flow channel components comprising at least one flow equalization channel arranged along a second direction; and the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. The flow channel is designed in a segmented manner, and the fluid passing through each flow channel component and flow equalization channel is redistributed, the flow channel component with large flow is branched through the flow equalization channel of other flow channel components, and thus the fluid is uniformly arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water electrolysis technology, and particularly relates to an electrolytic cell and a bipolar plate. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid increase in demand for clean energy, water electrolysis, as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion technology, has attracted increasing attention. Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, as a key component, are used to achieve hydrogen production from water electrolysis. However, existing PEM electrolyzers face technical challenges related to bipolar plates and sealing structures, such as gas cross-diffusion and hydrogen leakage, which limit the efficiency, stability, and safety of the electrolyzers. While research on bipolar plates, as the electrochemical reaction site, regarding material selection, conductivity, and flow channel design has matured, further optimized solutions are still needed. Simultaneously, innovation in sealing technology has become a research hotspot to improve gas separation efficiency and prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0003] The bipolar plate provided by the related technology includes a metal separator, a non-metallic frame, and a sealing ring; the two sides of the metal separator are the oxygen / water side and the hydrogen side, respectively; multiple concentric protruding rings are arranged on the outer periphery of both sides of the metal separator; the non-metallic frame covers the protruding rings on both sides of the metal separator, and fluid channels and sealing grooves are arranged on the outer periphery of both sides of the non-metallic frame; umbrella-shaped structures are evenly distributed in the sealing grooves; the umbrella-shaped structures are adapted to the sealing rings embedded in the grooves; the non-metallic frame is integrally injection molded on the metal separator, the sealing ring is secondary injection molded in the grooves of the non-metallic frame, and the non-metallic frame and the sealing ring are integrally vulcanized.

[0004] The bipolar plates provided by the related technologies have excessive two-phase flow resistance and uneven distribution of gas and liquid phases, which can easily lead to local hot spots that burn out the membrane electrode. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an electrolytic cell and bipolar plate, which can solve the technical problems of excessive two-phase flow resistance, uneven gas-liquid phase distribution, and easy formation of local hot spots that burn out the membrane electrode.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0007] On one hand, a bipolar plate is provided, the bipolar plate comprising:

[0008] The electrode body has an anode surface and a cathode surface, wherein the anode surface has at least one anode inlet;

[0009] A fluid flow channel is located on the anode surface of the electrode body. The fluid flow channel includes at least one set of flow channel assemblies arranged along a first direction, and the flow channel assembly includes at least one flow equalization channel arranged along a second direction.

[0010] The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the bipolar plate further includes a flow buffer, which includes a first buffer and a second buffer, wherein the first buffer is located at the anode inlet end of the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and the second buffer is located at the anode outlet end of the anode surface of the bipolar plate.

[0012] The fluid flow channel is located between the first buffer zone and the second buffer zone.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the flow channel assembly includes a first flow channel assembly and a second flow channel assembly, wherein the first flow channel assembly is provided at both the anode inlet end and the anode outlet end of the bipolar plate, and the second flow channel assembly is located between the first flow channel assembly at the anode inlet end and the anode outlet end.

[0014] The first flow channel assembly is different from the second flow channel assembly.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the first flow channel assembly includes at least one first flow equalization channel and at least one second flow equalization channel that are connected to each other, and the second flow channel assembly includes at least one second flow equalization channel.

[0016] The diameter of the first flow equalization channel is larger than the diameter of the second flow equalization channel;

[0017] The first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel at the anode inlet end form a first step;

[0018] The first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel at the anode outlet end form a second step;

[0019] A space is formed between the first step and the second step.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the bipolar plate is further equipped with an anode porous transport layer, which is located within the accommodating space.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the bipolar plate anode inlet is provided with at least one fluid inlet, and the bipolar plate anode outlet is provided with at least one fluid outlet.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the central region of the cathode surface has a reaction zone;

[0023] The cathode surface has at least one cathode outlet, and the fluid flow direction of at least one cathode outlet is perpendicular to the fluid flow direction of the anode outlet.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the bipolar plate further includes a sealing element, wherein a first sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove is provided in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and inlet end, the second sealing groove being close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove being located outside the second sealing groove.

[0025] A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate.

[0026] The seal is located within the first sealing groove, the second sealing groove, and the third sealing groove.

[0027] In another aspect, an electrolytic cell is provided, the electrolytic cell including any of the bipolar plates described above, the electrolytic cell further including a membrane electrode located between the bipolar plates.

[0028] In one optional embodiment, the electrolytic cell includes a primary sealing zone and a secondary sealing zone;

[0029] The bipolar plate has a first sealing groove circumferentially arranged on the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface, and a second sealing groove arranged in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and inlet end. The second sealing groove is close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove is located outside the second sealing groove.

[0030] A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate.

[0031] The first sealing groove on the anode surface forms the primary sealing area, and the second and third sealing grooves on the anode surface form the secondary sealing area. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally denote like parts.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bipolar plate anode surface structure is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a bipolar cathode surface structure is shown.

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first step structure is shown;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell structure is shown.

[0037] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0038] 1-Anode surface, 100-Membrane electrode, 101-Anode inlet, 102-Positioning hole, 103-Electrode ear, 104-Primary sealing area, 105-Secondary sealing area, 11-Flow channel assembly, 110-Flow equalization channel, 111-First step, 2-Cathode surface, 201-Cathode outlet, 3-Flow buffer zone, 31-First buffer zone, 32-Second buffer zone, 4-First sealing groove, 5-Second sealing groove. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0040] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein signify open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0041] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a bipolar plate, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 4 The bipolar plate includes:

[0042] The electrode body has an anode surface 1 and a cathode surface 2, and the anode surface 1 has at least one anode inlet 101;

[0043] A fluid flow channel is located on the anode surface 1 of the electrode body. The fluid flow channel includes at least one set of flow channel assemblies 11 arranged along a first direction. The flow channel assembly 11 includes at least one flow equalization channel 110 arranged along a second direction.

[0044] The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0045] The bipolar plate provided in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The bipolar plate provided in this embodiment of the invention provides a fluid flow channel on the bipolar plate, and the fluid flow channel includes at least one set of flow channel components 11 arranged along a first direction. The flow channel component 11 includes at least one flow equalization channel 110 arranged along a second direction. The flow channel is designed in a segmented manner. When the fluid passes through each flow channel component 11 and the flow equalization channel 110, it will be redistributed. The flow channel component 11 with a large flow rate will be diverted through the flow equalization channel 110 of other flow channel components 11, thereby achieving uniform fluid arrangement.

[0047] The flow channel assembly 11 provided in this embodiment of the invention can be multiple sets. The number of flow channel assemblies 11 can be determined according to the size or needs of the electrolytic cell in actual application. This embodiment of the invention does not limit the number of flow channel assemblies 11.

[0048] The flow channel assembly 11 includes at least one flow equalization channel 110 disposed along the second direction; the number of flow equalization channels 110 in the flow channel assembly 11 can be multiple, which can be determined according to the size or needs of the electrolytic cell in actual application. The present invention does not limit the number of flow equalization channels 110.

[0049] Fluid enters through anode inlet 101 and is diverted through the set flow equalization channel 110. When the flow rate of the current flow equalization channel 110 is too large, it can be diverted through other flow equalization channels 110, thereby improving the uniformity of fluid distribution.

[0050] Furthermore, the flow equalization channels 110 in each flow channel assembly 11 have the same diameter, the same length, and the same number, in order to further ensure the uniformity of fluid flow.

[0051] The bipolar plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be further explained and described below through optional embodiments.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, the bipolar plate further includes a flow buffer 3, which includes a first buffer 31 and a second buffer 32. The first buffer 31 is located at the anode inlet 101 end of the anode surface 1 of the bipolar plate, and the second buffer 32 is located at the anode outlet end of the anode surface 1 of the bipolar plate.

[0053] The fluid flow channel is located between the first buffer zone 31 and the second buffer zone 32.

[0054] By setting a first buffer zone 31 in the anode inlet 101 area, the incoming fluid can be buffered, ensuring the uniformity of fluid flow and distribution. By setting a second buffer zone 32 at the anode outlet end, the fluid at the anode outlet can be evenly distributed. Furthermore, the first buffer zone 31 and the second buffer zone 32 are of the same size.

[0055] Furthermore, the first buffer zone 31 and the second buffer zone 32 comprise two rows of staggered arrays of cylinders, the number, size, and spacing of which have been iterated through simulation. When liquid water flows through the first row of cylinders, the water flow is diverted and undergoes a flow equalization process; when it flows through the second row of staggered cylinders, the flow is further equalized.

[0056] The bipolar plate provided in this embodiment of the invention is based on a fluid flow channel design, which makes the flow error between fluid flow channels less than 5% and has low flow resistance characteristics.

[0057] In one optional embodiment, the flow channel assembly 11 includes a first flow channel assembly and a second flow channel assembly. The first flow channel assembly is provided at both the anode inlet 101 end and the anode outlet end of the bipolar plate, and the second flow channel assembly is located between the first flow channel assembly at the anode inlet 101 end and the anode outlet end.

[0058] The first flow channel assembly is different from the second flow channel assembly.

[0059] Furthermore, the bipolar plate provided in this embodiment of the invention has at least one second flow channel assembly, and a first flow channel assembly is provided at the anode inlet 101 end and the anode outlet end.

[0060] Furthermore, the first flow channel assembly and the second flow channel assembly have different structures.

[0061] Based on the reaction mechanism of water electrolysis, oxygen generated during water electrolysis is produced on the anode side. By setting up the flow channel assembly 11, the oxygen discharge from the electrode plate is accelerated, which helps to improve the operating efficiency of the electrolyzer. The first and second flow equalization channels in the first and second flow channel assemblies have the lowest two-phase flow resistance, which allows oxygen to be discharged at the fastest speed, achieving the effect of low flow resistance.

[0062] Please see Figure 3 In one optional embodiment, the first flow channel assembly includes at least one first flow equalization channel and at least one second flow equalization channel that are connected to each other, and the second flow channel assembly includes at least one second flow equalization channel.

[0063] The diameter of the first flow equalization channel is larger than the diameter of the second flow equalization channel;

[0064] The first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel at the anode inlet 101 form a first step 111;

[0065] The first and second flow equalization channels at the anode outlet end form a second step;

[0066] A space is formed between the first step 111 and the second step.

[0067] Furthermore, the distance between the first flow channel assembly and the second flow channel assembly is 1.5 mm, and the distance between two adjacent second flow channel assemblies is 0.8 mm. By setting the above flow channel distance, on the one hand, the requirements for bipolar plate sealing can be met, enabling the bipolar plate to withstand a pressure difference of 4 MPa. On the other hand, the uniformity of the gas-liquid two phases along the flow direction can also be improved.

[0068] It is understood that both the first flow channel assembly and the second flow channel assembly include a flow equalization channel 110, and the flow equalization channel 110 in the first flow channel assembly is connected to the flow equalization channel 110 in the second flow channel assembly. Furthermore, the number of the first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel in the first flow channel assembly can be determined according to the size of the electrolytic cell and actual needs.

[0069] Furthermore, the number of second flow equalization channels in the second flow channel assembly can be the same as the number of first flow equalization channels in the first flow channel assembly.

[0070] It is understood that a first flow channel assembly is provided at the anode inlet 101. One end of the first flow equalization channel is opposite to the anode inlet 101, and the other end is connected to the second flow equalization channel. Therefore, a first step 111 is formed between the first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel, and the platform of the step is close to the second flow channel assembly. A first flow channel assembly is provided at the anode outlet. One end of the first flow equalization channel is opposite to the anode outlet, and the other end is connected to the second flow equalization channel. Therefore, a second step is formed between the first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel, and the platform of the step is close to the second flow channel assembly. An accommodating space is formed between the first step 111, the second flow channel assembly, and the second step.

[0071] Furthermore, the heights of the first step 111 and the second step are matched with the compression ratios of the first sealing groove 4 and the second sealing groove 5, ensuring that hydrogen will not leak under high pressure.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the bipolar plate is further equipped with an anode porous transport layer, which is located within the containment space.

[0073] The porous anode transport layer provided in this embodiment of the invention can be a titanium felt. The titanium felt is located in the above-mentioned accommodating space. The first step 111 and the second step can limit the movement of the titanium felt and prevent it from moving. The first step 111 and the second step are convenient for assembly, prevent the titanium felt from shifting, and ensure the assembly accuracy of the electrolytic cell.

[0074] In one optional embodiment, the bipolar plate anode inlet 101 is provided with at least one fluid inlet, and the bipolar plate anode outlet is provided with at least one fluid outlet.

[0075] The anode surface 1 provided in this embodiment of the invention has at least one fluid inlet. As an example, there can be 2 to 8 fluid inlets. For example, there can be 2, 4, 6 or 8 fluid inlets. The multiple fluid inlets are evenly distributed at the anode inlet 101 end. The fluid enters the reaction zone through the fluid inlets at the same speed. Based on the above-mentioned even distribution of multiple fluid inlets, the uniformity of fluid distribution is improved.

[0076] Furthermore, the fluids provided in the embodiments of the present invention include gases and liquids, namely oxygen and liquid water.

[0077] Please see Figure 2 In one alternative embodiment, the central region of the cathode surface 2 has a reaction zone;

[0078] The cathode surface 2 has at least one cathode outlet 201, and the fluid flow direction of the at least one cathode outlet 201 is perpendicular to the fluid flow direction of the anode outlet.

[0079] It should be noted that the cathode surface 2 provided in this embodiment of the invention eliminates the cathode flow channel design, and the carbon paper or carbon fiber cloth directly contacts the bipolar plate plane. Compared with the contact with the flow channel ridge of the cathode surface 2, the contact area between the carbon paper or carbon fiber cloth and the bipolar plate is increased, the resistance of the bipolar plate is reduced, and the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved.

[0080] It should be noted that carbon paper or carbon fiber cloth is a special material for PEM electrolysis cell experiments, namely the gas diffusion layer. The gas diffusion layer is an indispensable material in the heart of the electrolysis cell - the membrane electrode 100, and it plays the role of a communication bridge between the membrane electrode 100 and the bipolar plate.

[0081] The flow direction of cathode surface 2 is perpendicular to that of anode surface 1. Hydrogen gas is generated from the central core reaction zone and flows upwards and downwards along the center, perpendicular to the oxygen side. The outlets of oxygen and hydrogen are not on the same side, fundamentally avoiding hydrogen-oxygen cross-contamination. Furthermore, by setting the cathode outlets 201 on cathode surface 2 to be evenly distributed, the uniformity of hydrogen flow is ensured.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, the bipolar plate further includes a seal, wherein a first sealing groove 4 is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface 1 of the bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove 5 is provided in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and the inlet end. The second sealing groove 5 is close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove 4 is located outside the second sealing groove 5.

[0083] A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface 2 of the bipolar plate;

[0084] The seal is located in the first sealing groove 4, the second sealing groove 5, and the third sealing groove.

[0085] It should be noted that the bipolar plates provided by the relevant technology are not properly sealed, making sealing difficult, and the sealing components are not properly positioned, resulting in poor bipolar plate assembly consistency and causing problems such as hydrogen-oxygen leakage and hydrogen leakage.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, a first sealing groove 4 is provided circumferentially outside the fluid flow channel on the anode surface 1 of the bipolar plate. During assembly, the bipolar plate forms a first-level sealing area 104, ensuring the sealing performance during assembly. A second sealing groove 5 is provided perpendicularly to the anode outlet and anode inlet 101, and is located close to the fluid flow channel. This provides a second level of sealing for the bipolar plate, improving sealing reliability. The second sealing groove 5 is provided perpendicularly to the anode outlet and inlet, meaning that it is not provided at the anode inlet 101 and anode outlet, ensuring normal fluid flow at the anode inlet and outlet. A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially outside the cathode surface 2 of the bipolar plate. Furthermore, the projection of the third sealing groove onto the horizontal plane coincides with that of the second sealing groove 5.

[0087] Furthermore, the seal can be a sealing ring or a sealing gasket.

[0088] The bipolar plate provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first sealing groove 4, a second sealing groove 5 and a third sealing groove, can prevent hydrogen leakage under hydrogen pressure of 3MPa-5MPa, and has strong sealing performance.

[0089] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one optional embodiment, the bipolar plate provided by this invention further includes plate ears 103 and positioning holes 102. The plate ears 103 are used to connect wires to monitor plate voltage information and facilitate the detection of operational anomalies. The positioning holes 102 are used for positioning during the etching and assembly processes of the bipolar plate. A positioning hole 102 is provided at each diagonal position of the bipolar plate to achieve positioning. Furthermore, the positioning holes 102 at the diagonal positions of the bipolar plate have the same diameter.

[0090] It should be noted that the first step 111 and the second step can not only limit the position of the porous transport layer of the anode, but also ensure the compression ratio of the seal.

[0091] By setting the first sealing groove 4, the second sealing groove 5, and the third sealing groove, on the one hand, the compression ratio of the reactive zone of the cathode surface 2 can be matched to ensure the contact between the bipolar plate and the carbon paper and titanium felt; on the other hand, the sliding and outward movement of the seal under high pressure can be prevented.

[0092] In practical applications, water or sealant can be applied to the seal and the bipolar plate to fix the seal and prevent misalignment during assembly. The seal is made of high-hardness fluororubber, which can withstand high sealing forces.

[0093] On the other hand, an electrolytic cell is provided; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The electrolytic cell includes any of the bipolar plates mentioned above, and the electrolytic cell also includes a membrane electrode 100 located between the bipolar plates.

[0094] In one optional embodiment, the electrolytic cell includes a primary sealing zone 104 and a secondary sealing zone 105;

[0095] A first sealing groove 4 is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface 1 of the bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove 5 is provided in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and inlet end. The second sealing groove 5 is close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove 4 is located outside the second sealing groove 5.

[0096] A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface 2 of the bipolar plate;

[0097] The first sealing groove 4 of the anode surface 1 forms a primary sealing area 104, and the second sealing groove 5 and the third sealing groove of the anode surface 1 form a secondary sealing area 105.

[0098] The primary sealing zone 104 ensures that hydrogen and oxygen do not leak internally, while the secondary sealing zone 105 ensures that hydrogen does not leak outside the electrolytic reactor. The compression configuration of the primary sealing zone 104 is: bipolar plate flow channel + membrane electrode 100 + sealing ring + bipolar plate. It has one less sealing ring than the secondary sealing zone 105 (bipolar plate flow channel + sealing ring + membrane electrode 100 + sealing ring + bipolar plate). Therefore, the compression ratio is matched using the first step 111 and the second step to ensure that the compression ratios of the secondary sealing zone 105 and the primary sealing zone 104 are consistent after compression. This two-stage sealing simplifies the sealing process, saves sealing material, and ensures a high-pressure sealing effect.

[0099] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bipolar plate, characterized in that, The bipolar plate includes: The electrode body has an anode surface and a cathode surface, wherein the anode surface has at least one anode inlet; A fluid flow channel is located on the anode surface of the electrode body. The fluid flow channel includes at least one set of flow channel assemblies arranged along a first direction, and the flow channel assembly includes at least one flow equalization channel arranged along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; The flow channel assembly includes a first flow channel assembly and a second flow channel assembly. The first flow channel assembly is provided at both the anode inlet end and the anode outlet end of the bipolar plate, and the second flow channel assembly is located between the first flow channel assembly at the anode inlet end and the anode outlet end. The first flow channel assembly is different from the second flow channel assembly; The first flow channel component includes at least one first flow equalization channel and at least one second flow equalization channel that are connected to each other, and the second flow channel component includes at least one second flow equalization channel; The diameter of the first flow equalization channel is larger than the diameter of the second flow equalization channel; The first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel at the anode inlet end form a first step; The first flow equalization channel and the second flow equalization channel at the anode outlet end form a second step; A space is formed between the first step and the second step; The bipolar plate further includes a flow buffer, which includes a first buffer and a second buffer. The first buffer is located at the anode inlet end of the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and the second buffer is located at the anode outlet end of the anode surface of the bipolar plate. The fluid flow channel is located between the first buffer zone and the second buffer zone.

2. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bipolar plate also needs to be paired with a porous anode transport layer, which is located within the containment space.

3. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bipolar plate anode inlet end is provided with at least one fluid inlet, and the bipolar plate anode outlet end is provided with at least one fluid outlet.

4. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central region of the cathode surface has a reaction zone; The cathode surface has at least one cathode outlet, and the fluid flow direction of at least one cathode outlet is perpendicular to the fluid flow direction of the anode outlet.

5. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bipolar plate also includes a sealing element. A first sealing groove is provided circumferentially on the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove is provided in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and inlet end. The second sealing groove is close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove is located outside the second sealing groove. A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate. The seal is located within the first sealing groove, the second sealing groove, and the third sealing groove.

6. An electrolytic cell, characterized in that, The electrolytic cell includes the bipolar plates as described in any one of claims 1-5, and the electrolytic cell further includes a membrane electrode located between the bipolar plates.

7. The electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electrolytic cell includes a primary sealing zone and a secondary sealing zone; The bipolar plate has a first sealing groove circumferentially arranged on the outer edge of the fluid flow channel on the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove arranged in a direction perpendicular to the anode outlet end and inlet end. The second sealing groove is close to the fluid flow channel, and the first sealing groove is located outside the second sealing groove. A third sealing groove is provided circumferentially along the outer edge of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate. The first sealing groove on the anode surface forms the primary sealing area, and the second and third sealing grooves on the anode surface form the secondary sealing area.

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