A multi-spindle gang drilling processing method for batch preparation of high-order group holes

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-spindle gang drilling processing method for batch preparation of high-order gang holes, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a deformation amount of a gang hole processing part caused by clamping, and adjusting an actual hole making depth according to the deformation amount; installing, aligning and debugging the gang drill; feeding the multi-spindle gang drill, starting from an initial processing unit starting point on a hole making curved surface, and sequentially translating to make holes to complete gang hole processing in a single processing unit; lifting the spindle, moving to a next processing unit starting point, and feeding the hole making again; after completing gang hole processing in M processing units, checking a broken drill condition of the multi-spindle gang drill, and supplementing missed holes according to a broken drill monitoring result; and measuring whether gang hole diameters and porosities meet processing requirements. The application is aimed at the field of high-order gang hole machining, and formulates a multi-spindle gang drilling batch hole making process method, so that the processing efficiency of high-order gang holes can be effectively improved, and the processing cycle can be greatly shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of numerical control machine tooling, in particular to a multi-spindle gang drill machining method for batch preparation of high-order group holes. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, especially in the field of aerospace, there are many high-order group hole processing needs, such as the uniformly distributed group holes on the components of the nacelle acoustic liner assembly, cold gas duct, damping sleeve, fuel filter screen, oil filter screen, thin-walled shield, etc. The number of group holes is as high as millions. If the traditional single drill hole method is used, it takes as long as 30 days for the numerical control machine tool to process 100,000 group holes without stopping, which is too long for the hole processing period and difficult to meet the processing period requirements.

[0003] In order to improve the processing efficiency of high-order group holes, He A, Gong Qinghong, etc. of Chengfei Company invented a group hole processing tool (CN112008460A) which can batch process high-order group holes and improve the processing efficiency by several times. However, for high-order group hole numerical control processing, the numerical control processing path planning and process scheme based on the group hole processing tool are not clear, which makes the group hole processing tool unable to be applied to batch processing of group holes, resulting in that there is still no efficient and mature batch processing method for high-order group holes, and the processing efficiency of group holes is severely limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problem of unclear path planning and process scheme in the processing method of high-order group holes in the prior art, which affects the processing efficiency of group holes. The present application proposes a multi-spindle gang drill machining method for batch preparation of high-order group holes, which uses a multi-spindle gang drill integrated with multiple drill bits to batch process high-order group holes, and simultaneously drills multiple hole positions in a single feed, thereby improving the processing efficiency by several times.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0006] A multi-spindle gang drill machining method for batch preparation of high-order group holes, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, obtaining the deformation amount of the group hole processing site caused by clamping, and adjusting the actual hole depth based on the deformation amount;

[0008] Step S2, installing N drill bits on the drilling plane of the multi-spindle gang drill handle, and then installing the gang drill on the machine tool spindle, aligning and debugging the gang drill;

[0009] Step S3, dividing the hole processing surface of the part to be processed into multiple processing units according to the curvature characteristics of the hole processing area and the hole position deviation; feeding the multi-spindle gang drill, starting from the initial processing unit starting point on the hole processing surface, and sequentially translating the hole to complete the group hole processing in a single processing unit;

[0010] Step S4, the main shaft is lifted, moves to the next PATCH starting point, and feeds the drilling again;

[0011] Step S5, after completing the group hole processing in M processing units, the broken drill of the multi-spindle gang drill is checked, and the missed drilling is supplemented according to the broken drill monitoring result;

[0012] Step S6, whether the group hole diameter and porosity meet the processing requirements is measured.

[0013] Further, in step S1, the group hole processing part of the part is measured before processing, the part drilling area is reverse modeled according to the measurement data, the part deformation is analyzed, and the deformation amount δ caused by clamping is obtained.

[0014] Further, the actual drilling depth h is the difference between the theoretical drilling depth H and the part deformation amount δ, that is, h = H - δ; the part deformation amount δ is a positive value indicating that the actual drilling surface of the part is higher than the theoretical drilling surface, and δ is a negative value indicating that the actual drilling surface of the part is lower than the theoretical drilling surface.

[0015] Further, in step S2, the N drill bits are installed on the multi-spindle gang drill bit handle drilling plane by using the clamp spring, so as to ensure that the installation lengths of the drill bits are consistent, and the installation length tolerance of the drill bits is ±0.1 mm; the multi-spindle gang drill is installed on the machine tool spindle through the HSK tool handle.

[0016] Further, in step S2, the alignment and debugging of the gang drill includes: determining the installation direction of the gang drill and aligning according to the group hole spacing in different directions, debugging the dust collection and air cooling functions, and preheating the spindle gang drill.

[0017] Further, in step S3, a single processing unit is a rectangular block containing Φ group hole points, the multi-spindle gang drill clamps N drill bits, moves to the starting point of the initial processing unit, feeds the drilling, and simultaneously processes N hole positions at one time; after the single drilling is completed, the processing unit is transversely translated, and the drilling is sequentially performed; after the transverse hole position is processed, the processing unit is longitudinally translated, and the drilling is sequentially performed until all hole positions in the single processing unit are processed.

[0018] Further, in step S5, after completing the processing of the holes in 10 processing units, the machine tool spindle is lifted; the gang drill is moved to the foam verification block, the drilling is fed, and whether the number of drilled holes in the foam block is equal to the number N of clamped drill bits is observed; if the number of drilled holes is equal to the number of clamped drill bits, no drill is broken during the processing; if the number of drilled holes is less than the number of clamped drill bits, the drill is broken during the processing, and the broken drill position is analyzed and recorded.

[0019] Further, according to the broken drill monitoring result, the missed drilling hole position caused by the broken drill during the processing of the multi-spindle gang drill is supplemented by using a common single drill bit.

[0020] Further, step S6 specifically includes: using a needle gauge or plug gauge to measure the group hole diameter D, judging whether it meets the group hole diameter requirement; calculating the part hole making area A, recording the number of holes P, calculating the group hole porosity , judging whether the porosity meets the group hole processing requirement.

[0021] In summary, the present application has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The present application adopts multiple spindles of integrated multiple drill bits to process high-order group holes in batches, and multiple holes are made at a time, which doubles the processing efficiency, and the processing efficiency of high-order group holes can be improved by more than 80%.

[0023] 2. The present application can effectively reduce the tool changing frequency during batch preparation of high-order group holes, reduce manual intervention, effectively improve the group hole processing quality and efficiency, and greatly shorten the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The engine nacelle certain sound lining assembly is described in the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 The multiple spindle gang drill structure schematic diagram is described in the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 The group hole batch processing process is described in the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 The multiple spindle gang drill processing method flow chart is described in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the present application, the present application will be further described below in combination with preferred embodiments and drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific description below is illustrative rather than limiting, and should not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] The present application proposes a multiple spindle gang drill processing method for batch preparation of high-order group holes, referring to the method flow chart in the description Figure 4 , the implementation steps of which include:

[0030] Step one, measure the group hole processing site, reverse modeling based on the measurement point, and adjust the actual hole making depth according to the modeling result.

[0031] Due to the structural features and material properties, the parts are prone to deformation during forming and clamping, which leads to changes in the point features of the hole-making area. Before processing, measure the group hole processing part of the part, and according to the measurement data, carry out reverse modeling of the hole-making area of the part, analyze the deformation of the part, and adjust the actual hole-making depth h according to the actual situation of the part.

[0032] The actual hole-making depth h is the difference between the theoretical hole-making depth H and the part deformation δ, that is, h = H - δ. The part deformation δ has ± value, and δ is positive (+) value, which means that the actual hole-making surface of the part is higher than the theoretical hole-making surface, and δ is negative (-) value, which means that the actual hole-making surface of the part is lower than the theoretical hole-making surface.

[0033] Step two, install N drill bits on the drilling plane of the multi-spindle gang drill holder, install the gang drill on the machine tool spindle, align the gang drill, and debug the functions such as dust collection and air cooling of the gang drill, and preheat the gang drill.

[0034] Install N drill bits on the drilling plane of the multi-spindle gang drill holder with a clamp spring to ensure that the installation length of each drill bit is consistent, and the length tolerance of the installed drill bit is ±0.1mm. Install the multi-spindle gang drill on the machine tool spindle through the HSK tool holder, determine the installation direction of the gang drill according to the group hole spacing in different directions, align the gang drill, and debug the functions such as dust collection and air cooling, and preheat the gang drill.

[0035] Determine the installation direction of the gang drill according to the group hole spacing in different directions, which means that the horizontal and vertical drill bit spacing of the multi-spindle gang drill are not consistent, which are a (horizontal) and b (vertical) respectively. At the same time, the hole spacing of the group holes in different directions of the processed part is also not consistent. When installing the gang drill, the arrangement direction and spacing of the group holes of the processed part need to be determined, the spacing of the drill bits of the gang drill needs to be matched, and the multi-spindle gang drill needs to be installed correctly.

[0036] Step three, feed the multi-spindle gang drill, start from the initial PATCH starting point on the hole-making curved surface, and translate horizontally and vertically to make holes, completing the group hole processing in a single PATCH.

[0037] According to the curvature characteristics and hole position deviation of the hole-making area, the hole-making curved surface of the processed part is divided into multiple PATCHES. PATCH is a rectangular block containing Φ group hole points, which is the smallest processing rectangular unit for batch processing of sound-absorbing group holes by multi-spindle gang drill. The multi-spindle gang drill holds N drill bits and moves to the initial PATCH starting point. The holes are fed and processed at the same time. After a single hole is processed, the PATCH is translated horizontally and the holes are processed in turn. After the horizontal hole is processed, the PATCH is translated vertically and the holes are processed in turn until all the holes in a single PATCH are processed.

[0038] Step four, lift the spindle, move to the next PATCH starting point, and feed the holes again.

[0039] After all the hole positions in a single PATCH are processed, the main shaft of the machine tool is lifted, and the machine tool is horizontally translated along the part hole processing area to the starting point of the next PATCH, and the step S3 is repeated to process the holes. After all the horizontal PATCH processing is completed, the machine tool is vertically translated along the part hole processing area to the starting point of the next PATCH, and the step S3 is repeated to process the holes until all the holes in the PATCH are processed.

[0040] Step five, after the group hole processing in 10 PATCHES is completed, the main shaft is moved to the foam verification block of the part, the holes are processed, and the number of drilled holes is observed to analyze the broken drill of the multi-spindle gang drill.

[0041] During batch processing of group holes, after processing of holes in 10 PATCHES is completed, a pause program is set, and the main shaft of the machine tool is lifted. The gang drill is moved to the foam verification block, the holes are processed, and whether the number of drilled holes in the foam block is equal to the number N of clamped drill bits is observed. If the number of drilled holes is equal to the number of clamped drill bits, no drill is broken during processing; if the number of drilled holes is less than the number of clamped drill bits, the drill is broken during processing, and the position of the broken drill is analyzed and recorded.

[0042] Step six, supplement the missed holes according to the broken drill monitoring result;

[0043] According to the broken drill monitoring result, the missed holes caused by drill breakage during processing of the multi-spindle gang drill are supplemented by using a common single drill bit.

[0044] Step seven, measure whether the group hole diameter and porosity meet the processing requirements.

[0045] The needle gauge or plug gauge is used to measure the group hole diameter D to determine whether it meets the group hole diameter requirement. The area A of the part hole processing area is calculated, the number P of drilled holes is recorded, and the group hole porosity is calculated to determine whether the porosity meets the group hole processing requirement.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Taking preparation of 100,000 group holes of an acoustic liner of an acoustic liner assembly of an aero-engine nacelle as an example, combined with Figures 1-3 , a multi-spindle gang drill processing method for batch preparation of high-order group holes is described in detail, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) Measure the group hole processing part, and adjust the actual hole depth h

[0049] The flow passage surface of an acoustic liner assembly of an aero-engine nacelle needs to drill 100,000 acoustic liner group holes (as shown in Figure 1), with a diameter of φ1.2mm, a horizontal hole spacing of 7.2mm, a vertical hole spacing of 4.3mm, and a hole depth H of 4mm. The component exhibits a thin-walled, annular structure with variable curvature and large dimensions, making it highly susceptible to deformation. An online measurement system was used to measure the hole-making area, and reverse modeling of the hole-making area was performed based on the measured data. By comparing the actual hole-making surface after modeling with the theoretical hole-making surface, the component deformation δ was calculated to be within the range of (-0.52 to 1.58)mm. Therefore, based on the deformation of different hole-making areas, the actual hole-making depth h in the machining program was adjusted to H - δ = (2.42 to 4.52)mm.

[0050] (2) Install the multi-spindle drilling bit, debug and preheat the drilling

[0051] Use a multi-spindle drill with 9 integrated drill bits (such as Figure 2 ) To machine the acoustic lining cluster holes, the drills were arranged in a 3×3 pattern, with a horizontal drill spacing a of 28.8mm and a vertical drill spacing b of 21.5mm. Nine drills were mounted on the multi-spindle toolholder drilling surface using spring clips, ensuring consistent installation lengths of all drills. The tool length was 11mm with a tolerance of ±0.1mm. The multi-spindle drill bit was mounted on the machine tool spindle using an HSK toolholder. The drill bit was adjusted to match the spacing of the acoustic lining cluster holes, aligning it horizontally and vertically with the components. The installation position was secured and aligned. The vacuum and air cooling functions were debugged, and the spindle drill bit was preheated.

[0052] (3) Feed multi-spindle drilling to process the group holes in the initial PATCH

[0053] Based on the curvature characteristics of the drilling area of ​​the acoustic lining component and the hole position deviation, the drilling surface is divided into multiple patches. The patch size is 86.4×64.5mm and contains 360 group hole points. The multi-spindle drill is moved to the initial patch starting point and fed to drill holes, and 9 holes are processed simultaneously at one time. After a single hole is completed, it is translated horizontally along the patch to drill holes in sequence. After the horizontal holes are processed, the patch is translated longitudinally and drilled in sequence until all holes in the single patch are processed, and a total of 360 holes are processed.

[0054] (4) Move to the next PATCH to feed the hole

[0055] After all holes in a single PATCH are machined, lift the machine spindle and move it horizontally along the hole-making area of ​​the part to the starting point of the next PATCH, and repeat step (3) to feed the hole. After all horizontal PATCHs are machined, move it vertically along the hole-making area of ​​the part to the starting point of the next PATCH, and repeat step (3) to feed the hole until all holes in the PATCH are machined.

[0056] (5) Monitor the multi-spindle gang drill broken tool condition

[0057] After completing 10 PATCH group hole processing, set the pause program, lift the machine spindle. Gang drill moved to the foam verification block, feed the hole, observe the number of holes drilled in the foam block is 9. If the number of holes drilled is equal to the number of drill clamping, there is no broken tool in the processing; if the number of holes drilled is less than the number of drill clamping, the drill is broken during processing, analyze the broken drill position and record.

[0058] (6) Supplement the missed hole

[0059] According to the broken tool monitoring results, the missed drilling hole caused by drill breakage during the multi-spindle gang drill processing is supplemented by a common single drill.

[0060] (7) Measure the hole diameter and porosity

[0061] The needle gauge is used to measure the group hole diameter, and the measurement results show that the diameter of the prepared holes is φ1.19-φ1.25mm, which meets the diameter requirement φ1.2±0.1mm. The area of the component drilling area is 1613400mm 2 , a total of 101340 holes are prepared, and the porosity is calculated as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] The calculation result meets the design requirement of porosity (7%±0.5%).

[0064] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiment falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-spindle drilling method for batch preparation of high-order group holes, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, obtaining the deformation of the group hole processing part caused by clamping, and adjusting the actual hole depth based on this; Step S2: Install N drill bits on the drilling plane of the multi-spindle drill shank, then install the drill on the machine tool spindle, align and debug the drill; Step S3, according to the curvature characteristics of the hole making area and the hole position deviation, the hole making surface of the part to be processed is divided into multiple processing units; the multi-spindle drilling is fed, starting from the initial processing unit starting point on the hole making surface, and the holes are sequentially moved horizontally to complete the group hole processing in a single processing unit; wherein, a single processing unit is a rectangular block containing Φ group hole points, the multi-spindle drilling clamps N drill bits, moves to the initial processing unit starting point, feeds the hole, and processes N holes at the same time; after the single hole is completed, it is horizontally translated along the processing unit, sequentially Hole making; after the horizontal hole positions are machined, continue to make holes in sequence by moving the machining unit longitudinally until all the holes in a single machining unit are machined; after every 10 holes in the machining unit are machined, set a pause program and raise the machine tool spindle; move the drill to the foam verification block, feed and make holes, and observe whether the number of holes drilled in the foam block is equal to the number of drill bit clamps N; if the number of holes drilled is equal to the number of drill bit clamps, then there is no tool breakage during the machining process; if the number of holes drilled is less than the number of drill bit clamps, then the drill bit is broken during the machining process, and the location of the broken drill bit is analyzed and recorded; Step S4: The spindle is lifted and moved to the starting point of the next processing unit, and then fed again to make holes; Step S5: After completing the group hole processing in the M processing units, check the multi-spindle drilling tool breakage situation, and according to the tool breakage monitoring results, use ordinary single drill bits to make up for the missed drilling positions caused by drill bit breakage during the multi-spindle drilling process; Step S6: Measure the diameter and porosity of the group holes to see if they meet the processing requirements, specifically including: using a pin gauge or plug gauge to measure the diameter D of the group holes to determine whether it meets the group hole diameter requirements; calculate the area A of the part hole making area, record the number of holes made P, and calculate the porosity of the group holes. , judge whether the porosity meets the requirements of group hole processing.

2. A multi-spindle drilling method for batch preparation of high-order group holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the hole-mass processing area of ​​the part is measured before processing, the hole-mass processing area of ​​the part is reverse modeled based on the measurement data, the deformation of the part is analyzed, and the deformation amount δ caused by clamping is obtained.

3. A multi-spindle drilling method for batch preparation of high-order group holes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The actual hole depth h is the difference between the theoretical hole depth H and the part deformation δ, that is, h=H-δ; a positive value of the part deformation δ indicates that the actual hole surface of the part is higher than the theoretical hole surface, and a negative value of δ indicates that the actual hole surface of the part is lower than the theoretical hole surface.

4. The multi-spindle drilling method for batch preparation of high-order group holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, N drill bits are mounted on the drilling plane of the multi-spindle drill shank using a clamping spring to ensure that the installation length of each drill bit is consistent and the tool length tolerance is ±0.1mm; the multi-spindle drill is mounted on the machine tool spindle via the HSK shank.

5. The multi-spindle drilling method for batch preparation of high-order group holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, aligning and debugging the drill group includes: determining and aligning the drill group installation direction according to the spacing between group holes in different directions, debugging the dust collection and air cooling functions, and preheating the spindle drill group.

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