A laser processing method and system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a laser processing method and system; the laser processing method comprises: determining an interference characteristic between a to-be-processed hole and a laser beam through an edge profile of the to-be-processed hole on a workpiece; and determining a blowing position at which a blowing component can avoid spatial interference with the workpiece in a laser processing process according to the interference characteristic between the to-be-processed hole and the laser beam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to the field of laser processing technology, and more particularly to a laser processing method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing technology is a processing technique that utilizes the advantages of laser beams, such as high energy concentration, high precision, high speed, strong controllability, and no material limitations, to perform cutting, engraving, welding, and drilling on various materials, including metals. Currently, laser processing technology is widely used in industrial production, especially femtosecond laser processing technology. This is because femtosecond laser processing technology has the advantages of short pulse time and high peak power, resulting in fast processing efficiency, wide material adaptability, no pollution, and high workpiece quality.

[0003] Micropores are a common structure in fields such as aerospace, biology, chemical engineering, and new energy. Femtosecond laser processing technology is a frequently used method for fabricating micropores in these fields. Specifically, a high-power-density laser beam is focused by a focusing lens and directed onto the workpiece surface, causing the material on the surface to melt and vaporize, thus creating a hole. Due to its non-contact nature and the fact that it does not require the assistance of liquid acids or alkalis, femtosecond laser processing technology has become one of the preferred technologies for laser micropore fabrication.

[0004] The requirements for dust and residue removal are particularly high during femtosecond laser processing, especially in the machining of micro-holes and holes with large aspect ratios. Failure to remove dust and residue in a timely manner during femtosecond laser processing can lead to quality problems such as poor hole diameter consistency, out-of-tolerance hole dimensions, and poor surface roughness. Therefore, the air blowing process is one of the most important influencing factors in laser processing, especially in the machining of micro-holes. Currently, although coaxial or off-axis air nozzles are used to remove dust and residue generated during femtosecond laser processing, spatial interference problems can easily occur between the air nozzle and the workpiece as the machining depth increases. For example, the air nozzle may collide with the workpiece surface, causing scratches or deformation. Currently, determining whether collision or interference will occur between the air nozzle and the workpiece relies solely on theoretical calculations and visual observation, which has a relatively large margin of error. Secondly, the air nozzles are usually placed manually, resulting in inconsistent placement angles. This not only easily leads to spatial interference between the air nozzle and the workpiece, but also, due to the diverse shapes of the holes to be processed and the large variations in laser processing angles, the blowing angle of the air nozzle needs to be constantly adjusted to ensure that the air blown from the nozzle reaches the hole opening in order to clean the aforementioned dust and residue. This reduces the efficiency of laser processing. Furthermore, when the blowing angle of the air nozzle is not adjusted properly, the dust and residue at the hole opening cannot be thoroughly cleaned, affecting the consistency of the hole diameter and reducing the quality of laser processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of this disclosure aim to provide a laser processing method and system that can solve the spatial interference problem between the nozzle and the workpiece; and can clean up the dust and residue generated during the laser processing in a timely and thorough manner, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of laser processing.

[0006] The technical solution of the embodiments of this disclosure is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a laser processing method, the laser processing method comprising:

[0008] The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece.

[0009] Based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing is determined.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a laser processing system, the laser processing system including a rotatable air blowing component and a processing section; wherein,

[0011] The blowing component is used to blow gas into the hole to be processed;

[0012] The processing section is used for:

[0013] The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece.

[0014] Based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing is determined.

[0015] This disclosure provides a laser processing method and system. The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined based on the edge contour of the hole on the workpiece. This allows the air blowing position of the air blowing component to be adjusted according to the interference characteristics between the hole and the laser beam, preventing spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece when the air blowing component is positioned at that location. The laser processing method provided by this disclosure performs laser processing without spatial interference between the laser beam and the air blowing component and the workpiece, solving the problem of scratches or deformation caused by spatial interference during laser processing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coaxial air nozzle.

[0017] Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the interference state between an air nozzle and a workpiece;

[0018] Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of another interference state between the air nozzle and the workpiece;

[0019] Figure 2(c) is a schematic diagram of another interference state between the air nozzle and the workpiece;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram comparing the air blowing status of the nozzle at different processing depths;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a laser processing method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the edge contour of a hole to be processed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the edge contour of a hole to be processed according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 5(c) is a schematic diagram of the edge contour of the hole to be processed according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5(d) is a schematic diagram of the edge contour of the hole to be processed according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the system composition for laser processing provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Taking a coaxial air nozzle in a femtosecond laser processing device as an example, such as Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the coaxial air nozzle 10 is shown. Figure 1 It can be seen that the air nozzle 10 is conical and is fitted onto the outside of the focusing lens 20, so that during the femtosecond laser processing, the gas blown by the air nozzle 10 to the orifice and the laser beam converged by the focusing lens 20 ( Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed line in the diagram) is coaxial, so that the gas blown out by the nozzle 10 during the femtosecond laser processing can be blown towards the orifice, thereby cleaning up the dust and residue generated during the femtosecond laser processing to the greatest extent.

[0030] The coaxiality mentioned above refers to the fact that the central axis of the gas blown out by the nozzle 10 is the same as the central axis of the laser beam.

[0031] However, in current femtosecond laser processing, as the hole machining depth increases, spatial interference easily occurs between the air nozzle 10 and the workpiece WP, causing surface scratches or deformation of the workpiece WP. The interference state between the air nozzle 10 and the workpiece WP is as follows: Figures 2(a) to 2(c) As shown in Figure 2(a), the interference is mainly due to the hole being machined being on a large-angle inclined plane, which makes it easy for the air nozzle 10 to interfere with the workpiece WP as the machining depth of the hole increases. The interference in Figure 2(b) is mainly due to the hole being machined being on a curved surface, which makes it easy for the air nozzle 10 to interfere with the workpiece WP as the machining depth of the hole increases. The interference in Figure 2(c) is mainly due to the fact that both walls of the hole being machined are curved surfaces, which makes it easy for the air nozzle 10 to interfere with the two walls of the hole as the machining depth of the hole increases.

[0032] Taking the laser processing of film cooling holes on a blade as an example, given the irregular shape and thickness of the blade's surface, and the significant variations in the angle distribution of the film cooling holes to be processed, the laser processing head needs to be continuously rotated during laser processing. Furthermore, controlling the laser processing angle is extremely difficult, and it's also necessary to continuously monitor whether the nozzle and blade will collide. Currently, the determination of whether a collision will occur between the nozzle and blade relies solely on theoretical calculations and visual observation during laser processing. This method is not only prone to large errors but also fails to detect problems such as blade damage caused by spatial interference in a timely manner.

[0033] On the other hand, due to the diverse shapes of the holes to be processed and the frequent changes in the laser processing angle, the blowing position of the nozzle 10 needs to be constantly adjusted during femtosecond laser processing to ensure that the gas blown by the nozzle 10 is directed towards the hole opening. In some examples, the adjustment angle of the blowing position corresponding to the nozzle 10 may be different each time for the same laser processing angle. When the blowing position of the nozzle 10 is adjusted and laser processing begins, as the laser processing equipment moves downward a distance d along the negative Z-axis, the outlet 101 of the nozzle 10 moves from the initial position A to position B. At this time, the gas blown by the nozzle 1 deviates from the hole opening, specifically as follows: Figure 3 As shown. By Figure 3 It can be seen that when the laser processing equipment moves downward along the negative Z-axis, the gas blown out by the nozzle 10 does not reach the orifice, preventing timely and thorough cleaning of dust and residue, thus weakening the slag removal capacity during laser processing. Furthermore, when there are many holes to be processed, this slag removal problem leads to a decrease in laser processing efficiency.

[0034] The Z-axis mentioned above refers to the Z-axis in the machine tool coordinate system.

[0035] Furthermore, for the existing air nozzle 10, during femtosecond laser processing, when the laser beam ( Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed line in the image) When focusing on the surface of workpiece WP to remove material. Figure 1 The gas blown out by the nozzle 10 shown occupies a larger space than the laser beam, which can easily lead to a waste of processing space.

[0036] Based on the above description, the embodiments of this disclosure aim to provide a technical solution that can accurately obtain the interference region between the nozzle and the workpiece according to the actual structure of the workpiece, and avoid damage to the workpiece by controlling the nozzle to rotate to the non-interference region between the nozzle and the workpiece during laser processing. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can solve the problem of spatial interference between the nozzle and the workpiece in existing methods, thereby improving the quality of laser processing.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 4 An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a laser processing method comprising the following steps.

[0038] In step S401, the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece.

[0039] For example, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the holes to be processed are not limited to tiny holes, but may also include holes of other diameters.

[0040] The aforementioned interference characteristics mainly refer to whether there is spatial interference between the hole to be processed and the laser beam. If spatial interference exists, the interference region and non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam can be obtained based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed.

[0041] In step S402, based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component (e.g., air nozzle) and the workpiece during laser processing is determined.

[0042] For example, the central axis of the gas blown out by the blowing component is different from the central axis of the laser beam, and the blowing component is configured to rotate about the central axis of the laser beam.

[0043] In the embodiments of this disclosure, since the gas-blowing component that blows gas into the hole to be processed is usually located outside the laser beam, when spatial interference occurs between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, it can be considered that spatial interference has occurred between the hole to be processed and the gas-blowing component. In the embodiments of this disclosure, when it is determined that there is spatial interference between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the blowing position of the gas-blowing component can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam to avoid damage to the workpiece by the gas-blowing component.

[0044] For example, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the blowing position of the blowing component refers to the installation position of the blowing component.

[0045] for Figure 4 The technical solution shown determines the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece. This allows the air blowing position of the air blowing component to be adjusted according to the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, so that spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece can be avoided when the air blowing component is in the specified air blowing position. The laser processing method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure performs laser processing without spatial interference between the laser beam and the air nozzle and the workpiece, solving the problem of scratches or deformation damage caused by spatial interference during laser processing.

[0046] for Figure 4 In some possible implementations of the technical solution shown, the above-described determination of the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece includes:

[0047] By scanning the surface of the workpiece, coordinate data of multiple sampling points on the edge of the hole to be processed are obtained;

[0048] Based on the coordinate data of the above multiple sampling points, the edge contour of the hole to be processed is obtained by fitting using the least squares method;

[0049] Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the interference characteristics between the hole and the laser beam are determined.

[0050] For example, before performing the above steps, the workpiece WP is usually placed at the set machine tool coordinate position on the machine tool. Therefore, the process or steps mentioned above for determining the edge contour of the hole to be machined are all performed in the machine tool coordinate system.

[0051] Understandably, before performing the above steps, it is also necessary to determine the coordinates (x, y, z) of the 3D model of the workpiece WP. m y m , z m Convert (X) to machine tool coordinates, for example (X)j Y j Z j e j c j Then, the workpiece WP is moved to the set machine tool coordinate position through the machine tool control program.

[0052] In some examples, once the workpiece reaches the set position on the machine tool, a measuring beam can be set to simulate a laser beam. This measuring beam is parallel to and coincides with the laser beam. Of course, in practice, the central axis of the measuring beam and the central axis of the laser beam can be at a set angle; to ensure measurement accuracy, this angle can be set to no more than 5°. The measuring beam can rotate around the central axis of the hole to be processed, changing at a set angle, to scan the surface of the workpiece. It should be noted that the trajectory formed by the measuring beam scanning once can be used to characterize the edge contour of the hole to be processed. Therefore, during the process of the measuring beam rotating once and scanning the workpiece surface, the coordinate data of each sampling point at each changing angle is recorded. For example, when the measuring beam rotates and scans at 1° intervals, the coordinate data of 360 sampling points can be obtained, namely (x1, y1), (x2, y2), ..., (x...). 360 y 360 Multiple coordinate data such as )

[0053] In some examples, the edge contour of the hole to be processed can be obtained by using the coordinate data of multiple sampling points collected above and applying the least squares method. The specific fitting calculation process is shown in equation (1):

[0054] r 2 =(xx) c ) 2 +(yy c ) 2 (1)

[0055] Where r represents the radius of the fitted circle, (x c y c ) represents the coordinates of the center of the circle.

[0056] Expanding equation (1) yields:

[0057] r 2 =x 2 -2×x c ×x+x c 2 +y 2 -2×y c ×y+y c 2 (2)

[0058] make:

[0059] a = -2 × x c

[0060] b = -2 × y c

[0061] c = x c 2 +y c 2 -r 2

[0062] Then we have:

[0063] x 2 +y 2 +a×x+b×y+c=0 (3)

[0064] Therefore, the center and radius of the circle can be obtained simply by finding the parameters a, b, and c in equation (3); where,

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Let l be the distance from the multiple sampling points to the center of the circle obtained in the embodiments of this disclosure. i Where the coordinates of the i-th sampling point are (x i y i Where 1 ≤ i ≤ N, and N is a positive integer, then we have:

[0069]

[0070] The i-th sampling point (x i y i The difference between the square of the distance to the edge of the circle and the square of the radius is:

[0071] Δl i =l i 2 -r 2 =(x i -x c ) 2 +(y i -y c ) 2 -r 2 =x i 2 +y i 2 +a×x i +b×y i +c

[0072] Let Q(a, b, c) be Δl i Sum of squares:

[0073] Q(a, b, c) = ∑Δl i 2 =∑[x i 2 +y i 2 +a×x i +b×y i +c] 2 (5)

[0074] Find the parameters a, b, and c that minimize the value of Q(a, b, c).

[0075] Therefore, x can be obtained. c y c The estimated fitted value of r will not be described in detail here.

[0076] for Figure 4 In some possible implementations of the technical solution shown, determining the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed includes:

[0077] Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the arc segment in the edge contour of the hole to be processed is determined as the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam.

[0078] As shown in Figure 5(a), when the fitted edge contour of the hole to be processed is a complete circle, it indicates that there is no spatial interference between the hole and the laser beam, and the surface of the hole is a plane. As shown in Figure 5(b), when the fitted edge contour of the hole to be processed is a complete ellipse, it indicates that there is no spatial interference between the hole and the laser beam, and the surface of the hole is a curved surface. As shown in Figures 5(c) and 5(d), when the fitted edge contour of the hole to be processed is a partial arc segment, it indicates that there is spatial interference between the hole and the laser beam. The dashed lines in Figures 5(c) and 5(d) represent the interference region, while the arc segments represent the non-interference region. The complete circle or ellipse indicates that the fitted edge contour is continuous and uninterrupted.

[0079] for Figure 4 In some possible implementations of the technical solution shown, the above-described method of determining the air blowing position that avoids spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing, based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, includes:

[0080] Based on the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the non-interference region is determined as the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece.

[0081] for Figure 4 In some possible implementations of the technical solution shown, the laser processing method further includes:

[0082] When the blowing position of the blowing component is not located in the non-interference region, rotate the blowing component so that it is located in the non-interference region.

[0083] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam corresponds to the region corresponding to an obtuse angle between 45° and 315°. Figure 6 (The area corresponding to the arc segment shown). Therefore, to avoid damaging the workpiece, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the blowing position of the air blowing component is set to the area corresponding to the obtuse angle between 45° and 315°, which is the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam. That is, when the air blowing component is located in Figure 6 The area corresponding to the acute angle between 45° and 315° indicates that the air blowing component will not spatially interfere with the workpiece, and therefore will not damage the workpiece. In specific implementation, when the air blowing component is not located in the above-mentioned non-interference area, it is necessary to rotate the air blowing component during the laser processing so that it is located in the area corresponding to the obtuse angle between 45° and 315° for air blowing.

[0084] Furthermore, preferably, the middle position of the non-interference region is usually selected as the optimal blowing position for the blowing component.

[0085] for Figure 4 In some possible implementations of the technical solution shown, the laser processing method further includes:

[0086] Adjust the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece, as well as the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam, so that the air blowing component blows air toward the hole to be processed.

[0087] In the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, throughout the laser processing, a set blowing distance δ is maintained between the air outlet of the blowing component and the surface of the workpiece, ensuring that the gas blown by the blowing component is at a supersonic speed, thereby improving the efficiency of laser processing. This set blowing distance δ is typically the most efficient distance for removing dust and residue from the orifice, obtained from simulation results.

[0088] In the embodiments of this disclosure, before laser processing begins, the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece is adjusted to a set air blowing distance, and the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam is adjusted to a set angle, so that the gas blown by the air blowing component can be directed towards the orifice, preventing the gas blown by the air blowing component from deviating from the orifice. As the processing depth of the hole increases, the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece changes, and the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam also changes, for example, by 5° to 10°, causing the gas blown by the air blowing component to deviate from the orifice. Therefore, during laser processing, since the gas blown by the air blowing component cannot be completely directed towards the orifice, it is impossible to remove the dust and residue generated at the orifice. Therefore, during laser processing, it is necessary to maintain a set blowing distance δ between the air outlet of the blowing component and the surface of the workpiece in real time, and to ensure that the central axis of the gas blown by the blowing component maintains a set angle, such as 7°, with the central axis of the laser beam. This ensures that the blown gas can continuously reach the hole opening, effectively and thoroughly removing dust and residue generated during laser processing. Because there is no accumulation of dust and residue on the material surface and at the hole opening during laser processing, the focal point of the focused laser beam remains consistently at the center of the hole to be processed. This guarantees that each hole can be drilled under the same blowing conditions, improving the consistency of the hole diameter. Furthermore, without compromising processing quality, drilling efficiency and laser utilization are significantly improved.

[0089] On the other hand, during laser processing, as the orientation of the hole changes, the spatial interference angle and position between the workpiece and the air blowing component change. In specific implementation, the steps of the aforementioned technical solution can be repeated continuously to adjust the air blowing position of the air blowing component, the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece, and the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam. This is to avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing, and to prevent the gas blown by the air blowing component from deviating from the hole opening during laser processing, thus affecting the effect of cleaning dust and residue.

[0090] Based on the above description, the laser processing method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can automatically obtain the blowing position of the blowing component, and can ensure that the distance between the blowing component and the surface of the workpiece is fixed and that the blown gas does not deviate from the orifice, thereby improving the blowing efficiency and ensuring the quality of laser processing. The laser processing method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure also solves the problem of inconsistent blowing position and blowing angle caused by manual placement of the blowing component, thus improving the adjustment accuracy of the blowing position of the blowing component to over 50%.

[0091] Figure 7 The present disclosure illustrates the composition of an axial laser processing system 7, which includes a rotatable air blowing component 10A and a processing section 30; wherein,

[0092] The aforementioned air blowing component 10A is used to blow gas into the hole to be processed. It should be noted that the central axis of the gas blown out by the air blowing component 10A is different from the central axis of the laser beam focused by the aforementioned focusing lens 20, and the aforementioned air blowing component 10A is configured to be able to rotate around the central axis of the laser beam.

[0093] Compared to the existing air nozzle 10's blowing method and unchangeable structure, the blowing component 10A provided in this embodiment can rotate according to actual conditions to avoid spatial interference with the workpiece.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, the air blowing component 10A described above can be a telescopic cylindrical tube.

[0095] The aforementioned processing section 30 is used for:

[0096] The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece.

[0097] Based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing is determined.

[0098] In some examples, the laser processing system 7 described above also includes a measurement and acquisition section 40, which is used to obtain coordinate data of multiple sampling points on the edge of the hole to be processed by scanning the surface of the workpiece.

[0099] In the specific implementation process, the above-mentioned measurement and acquisition part 40 can emit a measurement beam to the surface of the workpiece, so as to fit the edge contour of the hole to be processed by the trajectory formed by the measurement beam rotating around the central axis of the hole to be processed (shown by the dotted line in the figure) and rotating one revolution according to the set changing angle.

[0100] In some examples, the processing section 30 described above is also used for:

[0101] Based on the coordinate data of the above multiple sampling points, the edge contour of the hole to be processed is obtained by fitting using the least squares method;

[0102] Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the interference characteristics between the hole and the laser beam are determined.

[0103] In some examples, the processing section 30 described above is also used for:

[0104] Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the arc segment in the edge contour of the hole to be processed is determined as the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam.

[0105] In some examples, the processing section 30 described above is also used for:

[0106] Based on the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, the non-interference region is determined as the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece.

[0107] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the laser processing system 7 further includes a first driving section 50. This first driving section 50 is used to drive the air blowing component 10A to rotate so that it is positioned within the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam when the air blowing position of the air blowing component 10A is not located within the non-interference region. The first driving section 50 can be a torque motor.

[0108] In practical implementation, the laser processing system 7 can also be equipped with a grating ruler 60 and a conical sleeve 70. After determining the blowing position of the air-blowing component 10A, a torque motor drives the conical sleeve 70 to rotate, thereby causing the air-blowing component 10A to rotate. The grating ruler 60 is used to accurately measure the rotation angle of the conical sleeve 70 to control the rotation angle of the air-blowing component 10A, ensuring that the air-blowing component 10A rotates to the aforementioned non-interference region.

[0109] It should be noted that the measurement and acquisition part 40 can also be set on the conical sleeve 70, so that during the scanning of the workpiece surface, the conical sleeve 70 is driven to rotate by a torque motor, thereby driving the measurement and acquisition part 40 to rotate.

[0110] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the laser processing system 7 further includes a second driving section 80, which drives the air blowing component 10A to move in a direction close to or away from the surface of the workpiece, thereby adjusting the distance between the air outlet 101A of the air blowing component 10A and the surface of the workpiece. The second driving section 80 can be a linear motor.

[0111] In practical implementation, the air blowing component 10A is configured as retractable as described above. Therefore, as follows... Figure 7As shown, when the linear motor drives the air blowing component 10A to move in a direction close to or away from the surface of the workpiece, the air blowing component 10A can move along its own guide assembly 102A so that the distance between the air blowing component 10A and the surface of the workpiece is a set distance δ before the laser processing begins or during the laser processing.

[0112] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the laser processing system 7 further includes a third driving part 90, which is used to drive the end of the blowing component 10A to move in the radial direction (as shown by the dashed arrow in the figure) to adjust the angle between the central axis of the gas blown out by the blowing component 10A and the central axis of the laser beam.

[0113] As the machining depth of the hole increases, the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component 10A and the central axis of the laser beam typically changes by 5° to 10°, causing the gas blown by the air blowing component 10A to deviate from the hole opening. In this case, it is necessary to drive the end of the air blowing component 10A to move radially to adjust the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component 10A and the central axis of the laser beam. Specifically, the third drive part 90 can be a radial rotation shaft 90. For example, after the linear motor drives the air blowing component 10A to move in a direction away from the surface of the workpiece, so that the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component 10A and the surface of the workpiece is δ, the end of the air blowing component 10A is driven to move via the radial rotation shaft to ensure that the central axis of the blown gas and the central axis of the laser beam always maintain an angle of, for example, 7°, to achieve the optimal blowing state for removing dust and residue.

[0114] It should be noted that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

[0115] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A laser processing method, characterized in that, The laser processing method includes: The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece. Based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, determine the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing; The step of determining the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam by using the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece includes: Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the arc segment in the edge contour of the hole to be processed is determined as the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam; The step of determining the air blowing position that avoids spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing, based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, includes: Based on the non-interference region, determine the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing; Determining the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam by using the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece includes: By measuring the beam around the central axis of the hole to be processed and rotating it one revolution according to a set changing angle, the surface of the workpiece is scanned to obtain the coordinate data of multiple sampling points on the edge of the hole to be processed; Based on the coordinate data of the multiple sampling points, the edge contour of the hole to be processed is obtained by fitting using the least squares method; Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, determine the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam; The step of determining the arc segment in the edge contour of the hole to be processed as the non-interference region between the hole and the laser beam based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed includes: If the edge contour of the hole to be processed obtained by fitting is a complete circle, it means that there is no spatial interference between the hole to be processed and the laser beam. If the edge contour of the hole to be processed obtained by fitting is a complete ellipse, it means that there is no spatial interference between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, and the surface where the hole to be processed is located is a curved surface. When the edge contour of the hole to be processed obtained by fitting is a partial arc segment, it indicates that there is spatial interference between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, and the arc segment represents the non-interference region. The step of determining the air blowing position that avoids spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing based on the non-interference region includes: When the blowing position of the blowing component is not located in the non-interference region, rotate the blowing component so that the blowing component is located in the non-interference region.

2. The laser processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser processing method further includes: Adjust the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece, as well as the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam, so that the air blowing component blows air toward the hole to be processed.

3. A laser processing system, characterized in that, The laser processing system is used to perform the steps of the laser processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, and includes a rotatable air blowing component and a processing section; wherein, The blowing component is used to blow gas into the hole to be processed; The processing section is used for: The interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam are determined by the edge contour of the hole to be processed on the workpiece. Based on the interference characteristics between the hole to be processed and the laser beam, determine the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing; The processing section is also used for: Based on the edge contour of the hole to be processed, the arc segment in the edge contour of the hole to be processed is determined as the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam; Based on the non-interference region, determine the air blowing position that can avoid spatial interference between the air blowing component and the workpiece during laser processing.

4. The laser processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser processing system also includes a measurement and acquisition section, which is used to obtain coordinate data of multiple sampling points on the edge of the hole to be processed by scanning the surface of the workpiece.

5. The laser processing system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The laser processing system further includes a first driving part, which is used to drive the air blowing component to rotate so that the air blowing component is located in the non-interference region when the air blowing position of the air blowing component is not located in the non-interference region between the hole to be processed and the laser beam.

6. The laser processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The laser processing system further includes a second driving part, which is used to drive the air blowing component to move in a direction close to or away from the surface of the workpiece, so as to adjust the distance between the air outlet of the air blowing component and the surface of the workpiece.

7. The laser processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser processing system further includes a third driving part, which is used to drive the end of the air blowing component to move in the radial direction to adjust the angle between the central axis of the gas blown by the air blowing component and the central axis of the laser beam.

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