A honeycomb photoelectric-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system

Abstract

A honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system belongs to the field of wastewater evaporation. The present invention mainly uses solar energy to perform low-energy concentrated evaporation of wastewater. Solar energy is divided into photothermal generation and photoelectric generation. Photothermal generation is divided into Fresnel concentrating heat generation and trough solar thermal storage. Fresnel concentrating heat generation can concentrate solar energy and directly act on the upper surface of the honeycomb capillary evaporator, while trough solar thermal storage mainly stores heat in the solar thermal storage module for heating the wastewater in the evaporation pool at night. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is stored in the solar thermal storage module and converted into high-voltage direct current and high-voltage pulse current, which act on the direct current electrode in the porous gel and the pulse electrode at the bottom of the evaporation pool respectively. In addition, part of the photovoltaic electricity is used to power the wastewater evaporation system at night.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wastewater evaporation, and in particular relates to a honeycomb photoelectric-photothermal coupling wastewater evaporation system. Background Art

[0002] With global population growth, environmental pollution, and climate change, freshwater shortages are becoming increasingly apparent. Extracting usable water from seawater or wastewater is an important solution to this problem. Wastewater evaporation technology is a common wastewater treatment method, but its high energy consumption is a key limitation to its development.

[0003] Traditional evaporation systems primarily consist of vacuum evaporation and multiple-effect evaporation. Vacuum evaporation involves evaporating water from wastewater under vacuum conditions, leaving dissolved solids in the wastewater. Multiple-effect evaporation, on the other hand, utilizes multiple evaporators to separate wastewater into multiple evaporation stages to improve energy efficiency. Each evaporator in each stage utilizes steam from the previous stage to heat the wastewater. These wastewater evaporation systems present numerous challenges, including high energy consumption, complex operation, large footprint, and low overall energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the working efficiency of the wastewater evaporation system, reduce the energy consumption of wastewater concentration, and solve the problem of on-site solar energy consumption, the present invention provides a honeycomb photovoltaic-photothermal coupling wastewater evaporation system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A honeycomb photoelectric-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system includes a Fresnel condenser, an evaporation pool, a gas-liquid separation membrane, a honeycomb capillary evaporator, a plurality of pulse electrodes and a plurality of DC electrodes. The Fresnel condenser is tilted and fixed on the upper surface of the evaporation pool. The gas-liquid separation membrane is arranged below the Fresnel condenser and divides the evaporation pool into a steam chamber and a wastewater chamber from top to bottom. The honeycomb capillary evaporator is hung in the wastewater chamber and includes a plurality of vertically arranged gel columns. The outer periphery of the top of each gel column is Grounding plates are arranged circumferentially, adjacent grounding plates are connected together and connected to a sealing plate horizontally arranged on the outer periphery of the honeycomb capillary evaporator, and the sealing plate is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the evaporation pool. The plurality of pulse electrodes are evenly distributed below the honeycomb capillary evaporator and are all connected to a high-voltage pulse voltage source. Each DC electrode includes a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes connected in series, and the plurality of needle-shaped electrodes are evenly distributed in a ring shape inside the upper end of the gel column and are tilted upward and outward. Each DC electrode is connected to a high-voltage DC voltage source.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] The present invention proposes a honeycomb photovoltaic-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system. By boosting the electricity generated by photovoltaics, a high-voltage electrostatic field without a current loop is constructed, and the electrostatic field is used to enhance the evaporation of water in a low-temperature environment. At the same time, photothermal energy is used to directly drive the evaporation of water at the porous gel interface and the electrostatic field is used to enhance water migration, thereby achieving solar energy-efficient and low-energy water distillation. This process can not only be expanded to fields such as steam sterilization and fuel production, but also solve the problem of on-site solar energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wastewater evaporation system of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 is a transparent view of the coupled evaporator of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the coupled evaporator of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sealing plate structure;

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the high voltage pulse electrode structure;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of several gel columns in a honeycomb capillary evaporator;

[0015] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gel column;

[0016] In the figure, 1. Fresnel condenser, 2. evaporation tank, 3. gas-liquid separation membrane, 4. honeycomb capillary evaporator, 5. pulse electrode, 6. DC electrode, 7. grounding plate, 8. sealing plate, 9. hollow pipe, 10. solar power storage module, 11. solar thermal storage module, 21. steam chamber, 22. wastewater chamber, 23. steam outlet, 24. raw liquid inlet, 25. concentrated liquid outlet, 26. condensation pipe, 27. water storage tank, 28. concentration tank, 29. raw liquid tank, 41. gel column, 42. through hole, 43. gap, 61. needle electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific implementation method 1

[0019] The present invention mainly uses solar energy to perform low-energy concentrated evaporation of wastewater. Solar energy is divided into two parts: photothermal generation and photoelectric generation. Photothermal generation is divided into two parts: Fresnel concentrating heat generation and trough solar thermal storage. Fresnel concentrating heat generation can concentrate solar energy and directly act on the upper surface of the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4, while trough solar thermal storage mainly stores heat in the solar thermal storage module 11, which is used to heat the wastewater in the evaporation pool 2 at night; the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is stored in the solar power storage module 10 and converted into high-voltage direct current and high-voltage pulse current, which act on the DC electrode 6 in the porous gel and the pulse electrode 5 at the bottom of the evaporation pool respectively. In addition, part of the photovoltaic electricity is used to power the wastewater evaporation system at night. The specific plan is as follows:

[0020] A honeycomb photoelectric-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system, comprising a coupled evaporator, the coupled evaporator comprising a Fresnel condenser 1, an evaporation pool 2, a gas-liquid separation membrane 3, a honeycomb capillary evaporator 4, a plurality of pulse electrodes 5 and a plurality of DC electrodes 6, the Fresnel condenser 1 being fixed obliquely on the upper surface of the evaporation pool 2, the gas-liquid separation membrane 3 being arranged below the Fresnel condenser 1 and dividing the evaporation pool 2 from top to bottom into a steam chamber 21 and a wastewater chamber 22; the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4 being hung in the wastewater chamber 22, the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4 comprising a plurality of vertically arranged gel columns 41, the outer periphery of the top of each gel column 41 being circumferentially provided with a grounding electrode 7, adjacent grounding electrodes 7 being connected together and connected to a horizontal arrangement A sealing plate 8 is disposed on the periphery of the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4 and is sealed to the inner wall of the evaporation pool 2. The plurality of pulse electrodes 5 are evenly distributed below the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4 and are all connected to a high-voltage pulse voltage source. An evaporation region is formed above the sealing plate 8 and the grounding plate 7. These two plates are primarily intended to prevent water vapor in the evaporation region from contacting the liquid surface below, thereby preventing condensation and maintaining a high-temperature, high-pressure environment in the vapor region. Each DC electrode 6 comprises a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes 61 connected in series. These needle-shaped electrodes 61 are evenly distributed in a ring-shaped pattern within the upper end of the gel column 41 and tilted upward and outward. Each DC electrode 6 is connected to a high-voltage DC voltage source. The grounding plate 7 is grounded via a wire. The plurality of pulse electrodes 5 and the upper ground plate 7 form a high-voltage pulse electric field, which applies an electrostatic field to the wastewater in the evaporation pool 2 through the plurality of pulse electrodes 5. Since there is a partial air space between the plurality of pulse electrodes 5 and the upper ground plate 7, there is no continuous circuit and no strong current is generated. When the wastewater in the evaporation pool 2 is in a pulsed high-voltage environment, the molecular spacing between water molecules is increased, which is conducive to evaporation. At the same time, the high-voltage electric field reduces the surface tension of the waste liquid, thereby increasing the height of the waste liquid in the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4, further improving the evaporation efficiency. The plurality of needle-shaped electrodes 61 in the DC electrode 6 form a high-voltage electrostatic field with the ground plate 7 on the surface of the honeycomb capillary evaporator 4. Since the needle-shaped electrodes 61 easily form a "tip effect" in a high-voltage electrostatic field environment, an upward ion wind is formed, which further enhances the rapid migration of water and improves evaporation efficiency.

[0021] Preferably, the evaporation pool is a thermal insulation water pool.

[0022] Furthermore, a through hole 42 is provided in the vertical direction in the middle of each gel column 41 for enhancing the overflow of water from central evaporation; a gap 43 is retained between adjacent gel columns 41, which serves as a dissolved salt reflux channel; the salt-containing wastewater is lifted to the top in the gel column 41 by the action of capillary force, and then forms interface evaporation in the high-temperature environment focused by the Fresnel condenser 1. In this process, salt substances will crystallize and precipitate at some positions of the gel column 41. When the water level in the coupled evaporator fluctuates between the high water level line and the low water level line, this part of the crystallized salt enters the evaporation pool 2 below through the dissolved salt reflux channel.

[0023] Furthermore, the gel column 41 is a regular hexagonal prism, and each DC electrode 6 includes six needle-shaped electrodes 61 . The six needle-shaped electrodes 61 are respectively arranged at the midpoint of each outer edge of the upper end of the gel column 41 .

[0024] Furthermore, the material of the gel column 41 includes a polyvinyl alcohol carrier, and the polyvinyl alcohol carrier contains graphite and Ti3O5; the presence of graphite plays a role in absorbing heat, and the presence of Ti3O5 plays a role in absorbing heat and removing salt.

[0025] Furthermore, a steam outlet 23 is provided on the side wall of the steam chamber 21, a raw liquid inlet 24 is provided on the upper part of one side of the wastewater chamber 22, and a concentrated liquid outlet 25 is provided on the lower part of the other side of the wastewater chamber 22; the raw liquid inlet 24 is connected to the raw liquid tank 29, the steam outlet 23 is connected to the water storage tank 27 through the condensation pipe 26, and the concentrated liquid outlet 25 is connected to the concentration tank 28; the condensation pipe 26 passes through the raw liquid tank 29 and is spirally arranged inside the raw liquid tank 29.

[0026] Furthermore, the gas-liquid separation membrane 3 is arranged in parallel with the Fresnel condenser 1 , and the steam outlet 23 is arranged at a relatively low end of the steam chamber 21 .

[0027] Furthermore, the plurality of pulse electrodes 5 are arranged in sequence and fixed on the upper surface of the hollow pipe 9, the hollow pipe 9 is arranged in a serpentine shape at the bottom of the evaporation pool 2, the hollow pipe 9 is electrically connected to the high-voltage pulse voltage source of the solar power storage module 10, and one end of the hollow pipe 9 is connected to the cavity for storing the heat storage medium in the solar thermal storage module 11; the hollow pipe 9 serves as a heat transfer oil channel, and when it is monitored that the temperature in the evaporation pool 2 is lower than the temperature of the medium in the solar thermal storage module 11, the heat transfer oil in the solar thermal storage module 11 flows into the hollow pipe 9 in the evaporation pool 2 to heat the wastewater in the evaporation pool 2, so as to ensure heat evaporation at night.

[0028] Furthermore, a plurality of DC electrodes 6 arranged in the same row are sequentially connected in series, and all rows of DC electrodes 6 are connected in parallel to the high-voltage DC voltage source of the solar power storage module 10 .

[0029] Furthermore, the Fresnel concentrator 1 is a double-layer Fresnel mirror, and the interlayer is a vacuum environment, which can improve the efficiency of solar ray collection while keeping warm.

[0030] Furthermore, the wastewater chamber 22 is equipped with a water level detection device and a salt concentration monitoring device. The sidewalls of the evaporation tank 2 are marked with high and low water levels. The wastewater enters through the raw liquid inlet 24. When the high water level is reached, the raw liquid inlet 24 valve is closed. When the wastewater evaporates and reaches the low water level, the raw liquid inlet 24 valve is reopened. This cycle repeats. When the wastewater concentration in the evaporation tank 2 reaches a certain value (low evaporation efficiency concentration), the raw liquid inlet 24 valve is closed, and the concentrated liquid outlet 25 valve is opened. After the concentrated liquid in the evaporation tank 2 is emptied, the raw liquid inlet 24 valve is reopened. During the evaporation process, a large amount of steam is generated in the lower space, thereby increasing the internal pressure. Under the action of air pressure, the steam passes through the gas-liquid separation membrane 3. The gas-liquid separation membrane 3 can ensure that only water vapor passes through, and some condensed water will not enter the bottom of the evaporation pool 2 again. The upper water vapor enters the condensation pipe 26 in the raw liquid tank 29 through the steam outlet 23 and is condensed, completing the pre-cooling of the raw liquid. Finally, the condensed water enters the water storage tank 27.

[0031] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A honeycomb photovoltaic-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system, characterized by: The invention comprises a Fresnel condenser (1), an evaporation pool (2), a gas-liquid separation membrane (3), a honeycomb capillary evaporator (4), a plurality of pulse electrodes (5) and a plurality of DC electrodes (6), wherein the Fresnel condenser (1) is fixed obliquely on the upper surface of the evaporation pool (2), the gas-liquid separation membrane (3) is arranged below the Fresnel condenser (1) and divides the evaporation pool (2) from top to bottom into a steam chamber (21) and a wastewater chamber (22); the honeycomb capillary evaporator (4) is hung in the wastewater chamber (22), the honeycomb capillary evaporator (4) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged gel columns (41), the outer periphery of the top of each gel column (41) is circumferentially provided with a grounding electrode (7), adjacent grounding electrodes (7) are connected together and connected to a sealing plate (8) horizontally arranged on the outer periphery of the honeycomb capillary evaporator (4), the sealing plate (8) is sealed and connected to the inner side wall of the evaporation pool (2), and the plurality of pulse electrodes (5) are connected to the outer periphery of the honeycomb capillary evaporator (4). The electrodes (5) are evenly distributed below the honeycomb capillary evaporator (4) and are all connected to a high-voltage pulse voltage source. Each DC electrode (6) includes a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes (61) connected in series. The plurality of needle-shaped electrodes (61) are evenly distributed in a ring shape inside the upper end of the gel column (41) and are tilted upward and outward. Each DC electrode (6) is connected to a high-voltage DC voltage source. A through hole (42) is provided in the vertical direction in the middle of each gel column (41), and a gap (43) is retained between adjacent gel columns (41). The plurality of pulse electrodes (5) are arranged in sequence and fixed on the upper surface of the hollow pipe (9). The hollow pipe (9) is arranged in a serpentine bend at the bottom of the evaporation pool (2). The hollow pipe (9) is electrically connected to the high-voltage pulse voltage source of the solar energy storage module (10). One end of the hollow pipe (9) is connected to a cavity storing a heat storage medium in the solar energy storage module (11).

2. The honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gel column (41) is a regular hexagonal prism, and each DC electrode (6) includes six needle-shaped electrodes (61). The six needle-shaped electrodes (61) are respectively arranged at the midpoint of each side of the upper end of the gel column (41).

3. The honeycomb photovoltaic-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the gel column (41) includes a polyvinyl alcohol carrier, and the polyvinyl alcohol carrier contains graphite and Ti3O5.

4. The honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steam outlet (23) is provided on the side wall of the steam chamber (21), a raw liquid inlet (24) is provided at the upper portion of one side of the wastewater chamber (22), and a concentrated liquid outlet (25) is provided at the lower portion of the other side of the wastewater chamber (22); the raw liquid inlet (24) is connected to a raw liquid tank (29), the steam outlet (23) is connected to a water storage tank (27) via a condensation pipe (26), and the concentrated liquid outlet (25) is connected to a concentration tank (28); the condensation pipe (26) passes through the raw liquid tank (29) and is arranged in a spiral manner inside the raw liquid tank (29).

5. The honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation membrane (3) is arranged in parallel with the Fresnel condenser (1), and the steam outlet (23) is arranged at a relatively low end of the steam chamber (21).

6. The honeycomb photovoltaic-photothermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of DC electrodes (6) arranged in the same row are sequentially connected in series, and all rows of DC electrodes (6) are connected in parallel to the high-voltage DC voltage source of the solar power storage module (10).

7. The honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Fresnel condenser (1) is a double-layer Fresnel mirror, and the interlayer is a vacuum environment.

8. The honeycomb photovoltaic-thermal coupled wastewater evaporation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level detection device and a salt concentration monitoring device are provided inside the wastewater chamber (22).

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