A lead acid battery recycling system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a lead-acid battery recycling system and method, which comprises a lead-acid battery crushing device, a lead-acid battery fragment separating device, a cyclone separator, a smelting furnace and a forming die which are sequentially connected through a feeding device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lead-acid battery recycling technology, specifically, it relates to a lead-acid battery recycling system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Hundreds of millions of lead-acid batteries are scrapped worldwide each year. Each battery contains approximately ten kilograms of lead, and the amount of lead extracted from these batteries annually exceeds the world's total lead mine production. Therefore, recycling lead-acid batteries is of great significance. However, because lead-acid batteries are filled with a large amount of acid and are quite heavy, manual dismantling or using simple mechanical devices to crush them is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unsafe. Acid leaks or discharges pollute the environment. Furthermore, after being crushed and dismantled, lead-acid batteries generate mixed fragments containing lead, plastic, and separator fragments. Traditionally, hydraulic separators are used to separate these fragments from the separator fragments, yielding relatively pure lead fragments for further processing and lead refining. However, commonly used hydraulic separators are slow, and the separated lead fragments often contain other fine impurities that sink to the bottom, resulting in relatively poor separation efficiency and high equipment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a lead-acid battery recycling system to address the problems of lead-acid batteries being filled with a large amount of acid and being quite heavy. Manual dismantling or using simple mechanical devices to crush used lead-acid batteries is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unsafe, leading to acid leakage or environmental pollution. Furthermore, traditional hydraulic separation devices for separating mixed lead-acid battery fragments are slow, and the separated lead fragments often contain other small impurities that sink to the bottom and cannot be separated, resulting in relatively poor separation efficiency and high equipment costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: This invention also discloses a method for recycling lead-acid batteries, comprising the following steps: A lead-acid battery recycling system includes a lead-acid battery crushing device, a lead-acid battery fragment separation device, a cyclone separator, a furnace, and a molding die, which are connected in sequence via a feeding device. The lead-acid battery crushing device includes a crushing box and a collection box arranged from top to bottom. The bottom of the collection box is provided with support feet. A crushing drive mechanism is provided on one side of the crushing box, and a crushing transmission mechanism is provided on the other side. Two crushing rollers are provided inside the crushing box. The two crushing rollers are rotatably installed inside the crushing box via two roller shafts. The crushing drive mechanism drives the two crushing rollers to rotate through the crushing transmission mechanism. An acid collection unit is provided below the two crushing rollers. The lead-acid battery fragment separation device includes a frame and several vibrating screens. The vibrating screens are arranged in a stepped manner on the frame. The top vibrating screen is connected to the discharge port of the lead-acid battery crushing device through a first conveyor belt, and the bottom vibrating screen is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a second conveyor belt. Each vibrating screen has a discharge chute at its front end, and each discharge chute is connected to the collection cylinder through a collection chute.

[0005] Furthermore, the acid collection unit includes an acid collection section and a vibration mechanism. The acid collection section is located below the two crushing rollers and is connected to the inner wall of the crushing box through the vibration mechanism. A space for crushed material to fall is formed between the acid collection section and the inner walls on both sides of the crushing box.

[0006] Furthermore, the acid collection section includes an acid collection chamber, with a herringbone-shaped filter plate at the top and a V-shaped collection plate at the bottom. The acid collection chamber is connected to an air extraction pipe, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the collection plate. The collection plate is connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber through a vibration mechanism. The vibration mechanism includes two vibration motors, which are symmetrically arranged below the collection plate. The bottom of the collection plate is connected to a spring support through a compression spring, and the spring support is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, two guide plates are provided above the two crushing rollers. The two guide plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box. A rectangular feed inlet is formed in the middle of the two guide plates. The length direction of the feed inlet is parallel to the axis direction of the two crushing rollers and gradually narrows from top to bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing chamber is equipped with a cleaning unit, which includes cleaning nozzles respectively located at the bottom of the two guide plates. The cleaning nozzles are connected to the cleaning liquid through a liquid supply pipe, and the liquid supply pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the vibrating screen includes a screen base and a screen bottom. The screen base is connected to the frame via a vibration assembly. The rear end of the screen bottom is provided with a pin, which is rotatably connected to the screen base via the pin. The front end of the screen bottom is provided with a separation assembly, which is movably connected to the screen base via the separation assembly. The screen bottom includes an L-shaped screen bottom body. The rear end of the screen bottom body is provided with a pin, which is rotatably connected to the screen base via the pin. The front end of the screen bottom body is provided with a separation assembly, which is movably connected to the screen base via the separation assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the separation assembly includes a U-shaped frame and two screening springs. The two ends of the U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to the two sides of the screen base through a first connecting lug and two adjusting nuts. The bottom end of the U-shaped frame is movably connected to the front end of the screen base body through two screening springs. The front bottom end of the screen base body and the bottom end of the U-shaped frame are both provided with mounting positioning posts for installing the screening springs.

[0011] Furthermore, the screen base includes two vertically arranged side plates, the front ends of the side plates are connected by a transition inclined plate, and the rear ends are connected by a connecting plate. The front end of the transition inclined plate is provided with a discharge chute. The rear end of the screen bottom is rotatably connected to the side plates by a pin shaft. The front end of the screen bottom is movably connected to the side plates by a separation component. The side plates are elastically connected to the frame by a vibration component.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibration assembly includes a vibration spring and a vibrating screen motor. The vibrating screen motor is fixed to the outer side wall of both side plates. The frame includes a base and several columns. The outer side wall of both side plates is provided with four second connecting ears. The bottom end of the column is fixedly connected to the base. The top end of the column is elastically connected to both side plates through a spring mounting plate, a vibration spring, second connecting ears and limit nuts.

[0013] This invention also discloses a method for recycling lead-acid batteries, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Crushing. The lead-acid battery crushing device crushes the waste lead-acid batteries and collects the acid flowing out from inside. Step 2: Initial screening. Impurities in the mixed fragments of the crushed and dismantled waste lead-acid batteries are initially screened out using a lead-acid battery fragment separation device to obtain a relatively pure mixture of lead fragments and a small amount of fine impurities. Step 3: Fine sieving. The mixture after the above sieving is further sieved using a cyclone separator to remove fine impurities and obtain lead fragments with higher purity. Step 4: Purification. The lead fragments are put into a furnace and heated to remove impurities, thus purifying the lead. Step 5: Molten lead is cooled and shaped into lead ingots, which are then used as raw materials for the grid plates of lead-acid batteries. Step 6: Further processing. The lead ingots are melted down again and processed into grid plates for lead-acid batteries, which are used in the production of lead-acid batteries.

[0014] The technological advancements achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies, due to the adoption of the aforementioned structure, are as follows: (1) A batch of waste lead-acid batteries are placed into the crushing box, and the waste lead-acid batteries are crushed and dismantled by two crushing rollers. The crushed lead-acid battery fragments are collected into the collection box. At the same time, the acid liquid flowing out during the crushing process of the lead-acid batteries is recovered through the acid liquid collection unit. It saves time and effort, has high work efficiency and safe operation. (2) The mixed fragments after being crushed and dismantled by the lead-acid battery crushing device are fed into the top vibrating screen via the first conveyor belt. Under the vibration of the vibrating screen, the smaller plastic fragments and separator fragments will "float" on top of the denser lead fragments. As the vibrating screen vibrates, these fragments are collected into the collection cylinder through the discharge chute. The remaining fragments, containing denser lead fragments and smaller plastic and separator fragments, enter the next layer of vibrating screen for further screening. Through several layers of vibrating screens, the lead fragments, plastic fragments, and separator fragments in the mixed fragments are gradually separated. Finally, the material containing lead fragments and other small fragments is separated by a cyclone separator to obtain relatively pure lead fragments. Compared with the hydraulic separation device, the lead-acid battery fragment separation device provided by this invention is a dry separation device with a simple structure, fast separation speed, and the ability to separate small impurities to obtain relatively purer lead. The separation effect is better, and the equipment cost is lower, making it suitable for the field of lead-acid battery recycling technology. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lead-acid battery crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a left view of the lead-acid battery crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a right view of the lead-acid battery crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lead-acid battery crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the lead-acid battery crushing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lead-acid battery fragment separation device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibrating screen in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the vibrating screen in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the vibrating screen in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the sieve bottom structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sieve holder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Components marked: 01-Lead-acid battery crushing device, 02-Lead-acid battery fragment separation device, 03-Cyclone separator, 04-Furnace, 05-Forming mold; Crushing box, 111-crushing drive mechanism, 1111-driven pulley, 1112-drive pulley, 1113-crushing reducer, 1114-crushing motor, 112-cleaning unit, 1121-liquid supply pipe, 1122-cleaning nozzle, 113-crushing transmission mechanism, 1131-drive gear, 1132-driven gear, 12-collection box, 121-acid collection unit, 1211-exhaust pipe, 1212-drain pipe, 1213-crushing roller, 1214-guide plate, 1215-filter hole, 1216-vibration motor, 1217-acid collection chamber, 1218-compression spring, 1219-spring support, 1220-acid channel, 1221-filter plate, 1222-collection plate, 122-discharge port, 13-support foot; 21-First conveyor belt, 22-Vibrating screen, 221-Connecting plate, 222-Screen base, 223-Screen bottom, 224-Discharge chute, 225-U-shaped frame, 226-Vibrating screen motor, 227-Vibration spring, 228-Screening spring, 229-Adjusting nut, 230-Pin, 23-Collection chute, 231-Second connecting ear, 232-First connecting ear, 233-Transition inclined plate, 24-Collection cylinder, 25-Second conveyor belt, 26-Column. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] This utility model discloses a lead-acid battery recycling system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a lead-acid battery crushing device, a lead-acid battery fragment separating device, a cyclone separator, a furnace, and a molding die, all connected in sequence via a feeding device. Figure 2As shown, the lead-acid battery crushing device includes a crushing box 11 and a collection box 12 arranged from top to bottom. The collection box 12 has supporting feet 13 at its bottom and a funnel-shaped discharge port 122 at its lowest point. A crushing drive mechanism 111 is located on one side of the crushing box 11, and a crushing transmission mechanism 113 is located on the other side. Two crushing rollers 1213 are installed inside the crushing box 11, rotatably mounted on two roller shafts. The crushing drive mechanism 111 drives the two crushing rollers 1213 to rotate through the crushing transmission mechanism 113. An acid collection unit 121 is located below the two crushing rollers 1213. Figure 3-4 As shown, the crushing drive mechanism 111 includes a crushing motor 1114 and a crushing reducer 1113. The output shaft of the crushing reducer 1113 is equipped with a drive pulley 1112, which is connected to a driven pulley 1111 via a conveyor belt. The driven pulley 1111 drives two crushing rollers 1213 to rotate via a roller shaft and the crushing transmission mechanism 113. The crushing transmission mechanism 113 includes a drive gear 1131 and a driven gear 1132 respectively located at one end of the two roller shafts. The drive gear 1131 and the driven gear 1132 mesh and transmit power. The drive gear 1131 and the driven pulley 1111 are connected via a roller shaft.

[0021] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the acid collection unit 121 includes an acid collection section and a vibration mechanism. The acid collection section is located below the two crushing rollers 1213 and is connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11 through the vibration mechanism. A space for the fragments to fall is formed between the acid collection section and the inner walls on both sides of the crushing chamber 11. Waste lead-acid batteries are crushed between the two crushing rollers 1213, and the acid inside flows out and falls into the acid collection section. Under the vibration of the vibration mechanism, the crushed waste lead-acid battery fragments fall into the collection bin, and the falling acid is collected by the acid collection section. This achieves the crushing of waste lead-acid batteries and the collection of acid, without the need for manual operation, and has a high degree of automation.

[0022] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the acid collection section includes an acid collection chamber 1217. The top of the acid collection chamber 1217 is a herringbone-shaped filter plate 1221, and the bottom is a V-shaped collection plate 1222. An arc-shaped acid channel 1220 is constructed in the middle bottom of the collection plate 1222. The acid collection chamber 1217 is connected to a suction pipe 1211. A drain pipe 1212 is provided at the bottom of the collection plate 1222. The collection plate 1222 is connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11 through a vibration mechanism. The vibration mechanism includes two vibration motors, which are symmetrically arranged below the collection plate 1222. The bottom of the collection plate 1222 is connected to a spring support 1219 through a compression spring 1218. The spring support 1219 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11.

[0023] Specifically, the filter plate 1221 has a herringbone structure, with the middle position of the filter plate 1221 corresponding to the middle position of the two crushing rollers 1213. This allows the crushed waste battery fragments to fall from the top of the filter plate 1221 to both sides. The herringbone structure of the filter plate 1221 forms a gentle material-falling filter surface, and filter holes 1215 for acid flow are evenly opened on the material-falling filter surface. The crushed waste lead-acid battery fragments fall onto this material-falling filter surface and, under the action of the vibration motor 1216, slowly slide to both sides and fall into the collection box 12. At the same time, the acid on the fragments will continuously enter the collection plate 1222 at the bottom of the acid collection chamber 1217 under the action of vibration, and then be collected in the acid channel 1220 and discharged into the acid collection device through the drain pipe 1212. The V-shaped collection plate 1222 facilitates the collection of acid into the acid channel 1220, which is then discharged into the acid collection device via the drain pipe 1212.

[0024] The vibration motor 1216 ensures that the waste battery fragments fall continuously and slowly, preventing them from accumulating on the filter plate 1221. At the same time, the vibration promotes the falling of acid from the fragments. The acid collection chamber 1217 is connected to the exhaust pipe 1211, creating a negative pressure environment inside the acid collection chamber 1217. Under the action of negative pressure suction, the acid on the filter plate 1221 and the fragments falls easily, while preventing acidic gases from escaping to the outside and causing environmental pollution.

[0025] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, two guide plates 1214 are provided above the two crushing rollers 1213. The two guide plates 1214 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11, and a rectangular inlet is formed in the middle of the two guide plates 1214. The length direction of the inlet is parallel to the axis of the two crushing rollers 1213 and gradually narrows from top to bottom. The width of the inlet is slightly larger than the width of the waste lead-acid battery to ensure that it can pass smoothly and enter between the two crushing rollers 1213 for crushing. By setting the guide plates 1214, the waste lead-acid batteries in the crushing chamber 11 can fall automatically and be crushed smoothly.

[0026] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6As shown, the crushing chamber 11 is equipped with a cleaning unit 112. The cleaning unit 112 includes cleaning nozzles 1122 respectively located at the bottom of the two guide plates 1214. The cleaning nozzles 1122 are connected to the cleaning fluid through a liquid supply pipe 1121, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing chamber 11. The cleaning nozzles 1122 face the middle position of the two crushing rollers 1213. On the one hand, they clean the crushing rollers 1213 to prevent dirt and acid from adhering to them, which would affect the crushing effect and service life. On the other hand, they rinse the acid on the surface of the waste battery fragments, so that the acid remaining on the surface of the waste battery is removed by the cleaning fluid and enters the acid collection chamber 1217 through the flow hole.

[0027] In summary, this invention allows batches of waste lead-acid batteries to be placed in the crushing box 11, where two crushing rollers 1213 crush and dismantle the batteries. The crushed battery fragments are collected in the collection box 12, and the acid flowing out during the crushing process is recovered through the acid collection unit 121. This method is time-saving, labor-saving, highly efficient, and safe, solving the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unsafe manual dismantling or the use of simple mechanical devices to crush waste lead-acid batteries, as well as the risk of acid leakage or environmental pollution. This invention is applicable to the field of lead-acid battery recycling technology.

[0028] like Figure 7 As shown, the lead-acid battery fragment separation device includes a frame and several vibrating screens 22. The vibrating screens 22 are arranged in a stepped manner on the frame. The top vibrating screen 22 is connected to the discharge port of the lead-acid battery crushing device through a first conveyor belt 21, and the bottom vibrating screen 22 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a second conveyor belt 25. Each vibrating screen 22 has a discharge chute 224 at its front end, and each discharge chute 224 is connected to a collection cylinder 24 through a collection chute 23. The vibrating screens are inclined, with the front lower than the back, and the discharge chute 224 is inclined, with the left lower than the right. In two adjacent vibrating screens 22, the discharge chute 224 at the front end of the upper vibrating screen 22 is located above the rear end of the lower vibrating screen 22.

[0029] The working principle of this lead-acid battery fragment separation device is as follows: The mixed fragments from the lead-acid battery crushing device are fed into the top vibrating screen 22 via the first conveyor belt 21. Under the vibration of the vibrating screen 22, the smaller plastic fragments and separator fragments float on top of the denser lead fragments. These fragments are collected into the collection cylinder 24 via the discharge chute 224 as the vibrating screen 22 vibrates. The remaining fragments, containing denser lead fragments and smaller plastic and separator fragments, enter the next vibrating screen 22 for further screening. Through multiple layers of vibrating screens 22, the lead fragments, plastic fragments, and separator fragments are gradually separated from the mixed fragments. Finally, the material containing lead fragments and other small fragments is separated by a cyclone separator to obtain relatively pure lead fragments. Compared to hydraulic separation devices, the lead-acid battery fragment separation device provided by this invention is a dry separation method. It has a simple structure, fast separation speed, can separate fine impurities, obtains relatively purer lead, has a better separation effect, and lower equipment cost.

[0030] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the vibrating screen 22 includes a screen base 222 and a screen bottom 223. The screen base 222 is connected to the frame through a vibration assembly. The rear end of the screen bottom 223 is provided with a pin 230, which is rotatably connected to the screen base 222 through the pin 230. The front end of the screen bottom 223 is provided with a separation assembly, which is movably connected to the screen base 222 through the separation assembly.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the sieve bottom 223 includes an L-shaped sieve bottom 223 body. A pin 230 is provided at the rear end of the sieve bottom 223 body, which is rotatably connected to the sieve seat 222 via the pin 230. A separation component is provided at the front end of the sieve bottom 223 body, which is movably connected to the sieve seat 222 via the separation component. Figure 12 As shown, the screen base 222 includes two vertically arranged side plates. The front ends of the two side plates are connected by a transition inclined plate 233, and the rear ends are connected by a connecting plate 221. The front end of the transition inclined plate 233 is provided with a discharge chute 224. The rear end of the screen bottom 223 is rotatably connected to the two side plates by a pin 230. The front end of the screen bottom 223 is movably connected to the two side plates by a separation component. The two side plates are elastically connected to the frame by a vibration component.

[0032] The working principle of this vibrating screen 22 is as follows: The mixed fragments of lead-acid batteries gradually fall from the first conveyor belt 21 into the bottom 223 of the top vibrating screen 22. Under the vibration of the vibrating components, the smaller, larger plastic fragments and separator fragments "float" on top of the denser lead fragments. As more and more lead fragments and other fragments accumulate in the bottom 223, the smaller, larger plastic fragments and separator fragments "floating" above gradually "overflow" from the transition inclined plate 233, enter the discharge chute 224, and then enter the collection cylinder 24 via the collection chute 23. When the fragments accumulated in the bottom 223 reach a certain weight, the screening spring 228 is compressed, the front end of the bottom 223 sinks and separates from the transition inclined plate 233, and the denser lead fragments and smaller fragments near the bottom 223 flow out from the gap between the bottom 223 and the transition inclined plate 233, falling into the bottom 223 of the next vibrating screen 22 for the next screening. In this way, the gradual screening of multiple vibrating screens 22 is achieved.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, the separation assembly includes a U-shaped frame 225 and two screening springs 228. The two ends of the U-shaped frame 225 are fixedly connected to both sides of the screen base 222 via first connecting lugs 232 and two adjusting nuts 229. The bottom end of the U-shaped frame 225 is movably connected to the front end of the screen bottom 223 body via the two screening springs 228. Both the front bottom end of the screen bottom 223 body and the bottom end of the U-shaped frame 225 are provided with mounting positioning posts for installing the screening springs 228.

[0034] The two ends of the U-shaped frame 225 are fixedly connected to the sides of the screen base 222 via the first connecting lug 232 and two adjusting nuts 229. The bottom end is elastically connected to the front end of the screen bottom 223 via two screening springs 228, which allows for an elastic connection between the screen bottom 223 and the screen base 222, thereby achieving the function of separating fragments according to their density. If the supporting force of the screening springs 228 on the screen bottom 223 is too large or too small, it will affect the degree of fragment separation. If it is too loose, the plastic and partition fragments will fall all at once; if it is too tight, the lead fragments at the bottom will be difficult to discharge. Two adjusting nuts 229 are located on the upper and lower sides of the first connecting ear 232, respectively, to lock the two ends of the U-shaped frame 225 relative to the first connecting ear 232. Loosening the two adjusting nuts 229 allows the U-shaped frame 225 to move up and down, thereby changing the compression length of the screening spring 228. By changing the compression length of the screening spring 228, the load-bearing capacity of the screen bottom 223 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the load-bearing capacity when the screen bottom 223 sinks, achieving different separation degrees and meeting the separation requirements.

[0035] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10As shown, the vibration assembly includes a vibration spring 227 and a vibrating screen motor 226. The vibrating screen motor 226 is fixed to the outer walls of the two side plates. The frame includes a base and several columns 26. The outer walls of the two side plates are provided with four second connecting ears 231. The bottom end of the column 26 is fixedly connected to the base, and the top end of the column 26 is elastically connected to the two side plates through a spring mounting plate, the vibration spring 227, the second connecting ears 231, and a limiting nut. The vibration spring 227 is located between the second connecting ears 231 and the spring mounting plate, realizing the elastic connection between the screen base 222 and the columns 26. Under the action of the vibrating screen motor, the vibrating screen 22 performs the vibrating screening function.

[0036] In summary, the lead-acid battery fragment separation device provided by this invention has a simple structure, a fast separation speed, can separate fine impurities to obtain relatively pure lead, has a good separation effect, and has a low equipment cost, making it suitable for the field of lead-acid battery recycling technology.

[0037] This invention also discloses a method for recycling lead-acid batteries, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Crushing. The lead-acid battery crushing device crushes the waste lead-acid batteries and collects the acid flowing out from inside. Step 2: Initial screening. Impurities in the mixed fragments of the crushed and dismantled waste lead-acid batteries are initially screened out using a lead-acid battery fragment separation device to obtain a relatively pure mixture of lead fragments and a small amount of fine impurities. Step 3: Fine sieving. The mixture after the above sieving is further sieved using a cyclone separator to remove fine impurities and obtain lead fragments with higher purity. Step 4: Purification. The lead fragments are put into a furnace and heated to remove impurities, thus purifying the lead. Step 5: Molten lead is cooled and shaped into lead ingots, which are then used as raw materials for the grid plates of lead-acid batteries. Step 6: Further processing. The lead ingots are melted down again and processed into grid plates for lead-acid batteries, which are used in the production of lead-acid batteries.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery recycling system, characterized in that: The device includes a lead-acid battery crushing device, a lead-acid battery fragment separation device, a cyclone separator, a furnace, and a molding die, which are connected in sequence via a feeding device. The lead-acid battery crushing device includes a crushing box and a collection box arranged from top to bottom. The bottom of the collection box is equipped with support feet. A crushing drive mechanism is provided on one side of the crushing box, and a crushing transmission mechanism is provided on the other side. Two crushing rollers are provided inside the crushing box. The two crushing rollers are rotatably installed inside the crushing box via two roller shafts. The crushing drive mechanism drives the two crushing rollers to rotate through the crushing transmission mechanism. An acid collection unit is provided below the two crushing rollers. The lead-acid battery fragment separation device includes a frame and several vibrating screens. The vibrating screens are arranged in a stepped manner on the frame. The top vibrating screen is connected to the discharge port of the lead-acid battery crushing device through a first conveyor belt, and the bottom vibrating screen is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a second conveyor belt. Each vibrating screen has a discharge chute at its front end, and each discharge chute is connected to a collection cylinder through a collection chute. The acid collection unit includes an acid collection part and a vibration mechanism. The acid collection part is located below the two crushing rollers and is connected to the inner wall of the crushing box through the vibration mechanism. A fragment falling space is formed between the acid collection part and the inner walls on both sides of the crushing box. The acid collection section includes an acid collection chamber, with a herringbone-shaped filter plate at the top and a V-shaped collection plate at the bottom. The acid collection chamber is connected to an air extraction pipe, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the collection plate. The collection plate is connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber through a vibration mechanism. The vibration mechanism includes two vibration motors, which are symmetrically arranged below the collection plate. The bottom of the collection plate is connected to a spring support through a compression spring, and the spring support is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The vibrating screen includes a screen base and a screen bottom. The screen base is connected to the frame via a vibration assembly. The rear end of the screen bottom is provided with a pin, which is rotatably connected to the screen base. The front end of the screen bottom is provided with a separation assembly, which is movably connected to the screen base. The screen bottom includes an L-shaped screen bottom body. The separation assembly includes a U-shaped frame and two screening springs. The two ends of the U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to the sides of the screen base via a first connecting lug and two adjusting nuts. The bottom end of the U-shaped frame is movably connected to the front end of the screen bottom body via two screening springs. The front bottom end of the screen bottom body and the bottom end of the U-shaped frame are both provided with mounting positioning posts for installing the screening springs. The screen base includes two vertically arranged side plates. The front ends of the side plates are connected via a transition inclined plate, and the rear ends are connected via a connecting plate. The front end of the transition inclined plate is provided with a discharge chute. The rear end of the screen bottom is rotatably connected to the side plates via a pin. The front end of the screen bottom is movably connected to the side plates via the separation assembly. The side plates are elastically connected to the frame via the vibration assembly.

2. The lead-acid battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide plates are provided above the two crushing rollers. The two guide plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box. A rectangular feed inlet is formed in the middle of the two guide plates. The length direction of the feed inlet is parallel to the axis of the two crushing rollers and gradually narrows from top to bottom.

3. The lead-acid battery recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing chamber is equipped with a cleaning unit, which includes cleaning nozzles located at the bottom of the two guide plates. The cleaning nozzles are connected to the cleaning liquid through a liquid supply pipe, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crushing chamber.

4. The lead-acid battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration assembly includes a vibration spring and a vibrating screen motor. The vibrating screen motor is fixed to the outer side wall of both side plates. The frame includes a base and several columns. The outer side wall of both side plates is provided with four second connecting ears. The bottom end of the column is fixedly connected to the base. The top end of the column is elastically connected to both side plates through a spring mounting plate, a vibration spring, second connecting ears and limit nuts.

5. A method for recycling lead-acid batteries, using the lead-acid battery recycling system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Crushing. The lead-acid battery crushing device crushes the waste lead-acid batteries and collects the acid flowing out from inside. Step 2: Initial screening. Impurities in the mixed fragments of the crushed and dismantled waste lead-acid batteries are initially screened out by a lead-acid battery fragment separation device to obtain a relatively pure mixture of lead fragments and a small amount of fine impurities. Step 3: Fine sieving. The mixture after the initial sieving is further finely sieved using a cyclone separator to remove fine impurities and obtain lead fragments with higher purity. Step 4: Purification. The lead fragments are put into a furnace and heated to remove impurities, thus purifying the lead. Step 5: Molten lead is cooled and shaped into lead ingots, which are then used as raw materials for the grid plates of lead-acid batteries. Step 6 involves further processing, where the lead ingots are melted down again and processed into grid plates for lead-acid batteries, which are then used in the production of lead-acid batteries.

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