Automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic loading system for crankcases during engine assembly, comprising a first support frame and a second support frame respectively arranged at the front and rear sides of an engine assembly line, the first support frame being provided with a pushing assembly capable of pushing the case onto a bearing member, the bearing member being arranged on a bearing member assembly located on the engine assembly line, the second support frame being provided with a fixing assembly for fixing the bearing member and a tightening assembly for achieving the fixing and tightening of the case and the bearing member, the front side of the pushing assembly being provided with a pallet loading device for achieving the loading of pallets with case bodies and the return of empty pallets, the pallet loading device being provided with a loading robot capable of grabbing the case onto the pushing assembly, the loading robot being provided with a grabbing mechanism for grabbing the case body. Automatic loading of the case body can be achieved, thereby improving efficiency, and at the same time, since the case body is fixed to the bearing member by bolts, there is no need to set up a manipulator later, thereby reducing the cost of machinery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engine assembly, and in particular relates to an automatic loading system for a crankcase during engine assembly. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, there are two ways to load the engine case, one is to load the material through a robot, and the other is to load the material through a crane + manual method. The former is only suitable for the case to be fixed by the tooling on the engine assembly line, and after adopting this method, in the subsequent assembly, a robot needs to be set up to move the case to the assembly device, which increases the machinery cost; the latter requires manual cooperation to achieve loading, and its labor cost is high and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention intends to provide an automatic loading system for the crankcase during engine assembly, which can realize automatic loading of the case, thereby improving efficiency. At the same time, since the case is fixed to the support member by bolts, there is no need to set up a robot arm subsequently, and only a structure for fixing the support member needs to be set on the assembly device, thereby reducing mechanical costs.

[0004] To this end, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automatic loading system for a crankcase during engine assembly, comprising a first support frame and a second support frame respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the engine assembly line, the first support frame is provided with a pushing assembly capable of pushing the case onto a carrier, the carrier is arranged on a carrier assembly located on the engine assembly line, the second support frame is provided with a fixing assembly for fixing the carrier and a tightening assembly for fixing and tightening the case and the carrier, the front side of the pushing assembly is provided with a pallet loading device for loading pallets with cases and returning empty pallets, the pallet loading device is provided with a loading robot capable of grabbing the case onto the pushing assembly, and the loading robot is provided with a grabbing mechanism for grabbing the case.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the pushing component includes an up and down moving component and a front and back moving component, the front and back moving component is arranged on the up and down moving component, the up and down moving component includes an up and down pushing cylinder and an up and down moving plate, one end of the up and down pushing cylinder is arranged on the first support frame, and the other end is arranged on the up and down moving plate, and the up and down moving plate is slidably arranged on the first support frame through a first guide rail slider assembly; the front and back moving component includes a placing plate for placing a box, the placing plate is slidably arranged on the up and down moving plate through a second guide rail slider assembly, a linear guide located on the up and down moving plate is arranged on the side of the placing plate, and the moving block of the linear guide is connected to the placing plate through a moving bracket, and the placing plate is provided with at least two vertical positioning pins for positioning the box, at least three box support seats for supporting the box, and a first detection component for detecting whether there is a box.

[0006] Further preferably, a second detection component for detecting the height of the box position is arranged on the side of the first support frame through a third support frame, and a third detection component for detecting the forward and backward movement position of the placement plate is arranged on the up and down movable plate; a first limit buffer for buffering when the up and down movable plate moves backward into position is arranged at the rear end of the up and down movable plate.

[0007] The support frame is connected to the engine block via a rotation assembly which can rotate in a horizontal plane, and the support frame is clamped on the upper end of the support frame from top to bottom, and a support curve which matches the cylinder block and is located inside the cylinder block is provided on the front side surface of the support frame, and a fixing hole which extends forward and backward and can fix the cylinder block on the support curve is provided on the support curve surface, and clamping protrusions for clamping the support member are provided on the left and right ends of the rear side surface of the support member, and clamping blocks for facilitating clamping are provided on the upper and lower ends of each clamping protrusion, and a clamping arc groove facing the corresponding side is provided on each clamping block.

[0008] Further preferably, the carrier assembly also includes an accessory tray, which is arranged on either the left or right side of the base plate through an accessory tray bracket, and the accessory tray is provided with a material box bracket for placing a material box, a crankshaft bracket for placing a crankshaft, a connecting rod cover bracket for placing a connecting rod cover, a piston connecting rod bracket for placing a piston connecting rod, a main bearing cover area for placing a main bearing cover, and a camshaft cover area for placing a camshaft cover.

[0009] Further preferably, clamping protrusions are extended from both ends of the left and right ends of the middle part of the bearing member, and a clamping groove is provided at the position of the clamping protrusion corresponding to the upper end of the bearing support seat, and the front side, rear side and bottom surface of the clamping groove are provided with a first roller for reducing friction, and the first roller is installed on the bearing support seat through the corresponding roller shaft, and mounting holes are provided on the bearing support seat corresponding to the position of each roller shaft and the first roller, and the height of each first roller is not equal, and a clamping block matching the clamping groove is provided on the outer side of each clamping protrusion, and the first roller is in contact with the clamping block.

[0010] The anti-rotation block is a member of a group consisting of a plurality of anti-rotation wheels, the plurality of anti-rotation wheels having a plurality of rotations, and a plurality of anti-rotation wheels having a plurality of rotations. The plurality of anti-rotation wheels have a plurality of rotations, the plurality of rotations of the plurality of anti-rotation wheels having a plurality of rotations, and a plurality of rotations of the plurality of anti-rotation wheels having a plurality of rotations.

[0011] Further preferably, the fixing assembly includes an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block which are relatively arranged up and down, and two of the upper clamping blocks and the lower clamping blocks are arranged at intervals on the left and right, clamping rollers are arranged on all the upper clamping blocks and the lower clamping blocks through clamping shafts, all the upper clamping blocks are arranged on the front side of the second support frame through left and right adjustment assemblies, and the left and right adjustment assemblies can drive the upper clamping blocks to move left and right, all the lower clamping blocks are arranged on the front side of the second support frame through upper and lower clamping assemblies, and the upper and lower clamping assemblies can drive the lower clamping blocks to move up and down; a limiting assembly for fixing the box body on the bearing member is arranged on the second support frame, and the limiting assembly includes at least three limiting cylinders, and the output end of the limiting cylinder is provided with a pad which can rest on the box body.

[0012] Further preferably, the left and right adjustment components include left and right adjustment plates and left and right adjustment cylinders, all upper clamping blocks are arranged at left and right intervals at the lower ends of the left and right adjustment plates, the left and right adjustment plates are slidably arranged on the front side of the second support frame through a third guide rail slider assembly, the left and right adjustment cylinders are arranged on the second support frame, and the output ends are arranged on the left and right adjustment plates, and the second support frame is provided with a fourth detection component for limiting and detecting the left and right extreme positions of the left and right adjustment plates; the upper and lower clamping components include upper and lower clamping cylinders and upper and lower clamping plates, the lower clamping blocks are arranged at left and right intervals at the upper ends of the upper and lower clamping plates, the upper and lower clamping plates are arranged on the second support frame through a fourth guide rail slider assembly, the upper and lower clamping cylinders are arranged on the second support frame, and the output ends are arranged on the upper and lower clamping plates, and the second support frame is provided with a fifth detection component for limiting and detecting the upper and lower extreme positions of the upper and lower clamping plates.

[0013] Further preferably, the tightening assembly includes a tightening gun, which is arranged on the second support frame through a front and rear pushing assembly, the front and rear pushing assembly includes a front and rear pushing cylinder and a front and rear pushing plate, the tightening gun is arranged on the front and rear pushing plates, the front and rear pushing plates are arranged on the rear side surface of the second support frame through a fifth guide rail slider assembly, the front and rear pushing cylinder is arranged on the rear side surface of the second support frame, and the output end is arranged on the front and rear pushing plates, and the second support frame is provided with a sixth detection assembly for limiting and detecting the front and rear extreme positions of the front and rear pushing plates.

[0014] Further preferably, the pallet loading device comprises a pallet feeding conveyor line and a pallet return conveyor line which are arranged side by side on the left and right and extend forward and backward; a transfer conveyor line extending forward and backward is arranged at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line, and the length of the transfer conveyor line extending forward and backward matches the engine box pallet; the transfer conveyor line can move left and right at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line under the action of the left and right pulling components below; the pallet feeding conveyor line, the pallet return conveyor line and the transfer conveyor line are all arranged as roller conveyor lines; a material blocking component is arranged at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line; the material blocking component comprises a material blocking cylinder, and the output end of the material blocking cylinder extends upward and is provided with a material blocking block.

[0015] Further preferably, pallet feeding conveyor lines are arranged on both sides of the pallet return conveyor line, and a transfer conveyor line which can move left and right at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line and the corresponding pallet feeding conveyor line is arranged at the rear end of each pallet feeding conveyor line.

[0016] Further preferably, the left and right pulling components include a pulling cylinder, two guide rail seats extending left and right are arranged at intervals front and back below the transfer conveyor line, guide rails are arranged on the guide rail seats, and a slider that can move left and right on the guide rails is arranged on the bottom surface of the transfer conveyor line, one end of the pulling cylinder is arranged on a connecting plate extending front and back between the two guide rail seats, and the other end is arranged below the transfer conveyor line; a seventh detection component is arranged on the guide rail seat for detecting the rear ends of the transfer conveyor line when the transfer conveyor line is respectively a pallet feeding conveyor line and a pallet return conveyor line.

[0017] Further preferably, the guide rail seat is provided with a second limit buffer when the transfer conveyor line moves left or right into position, and a buffer plate that can be supported by the second limit buffer is provided on one side of the transfer conveyor line between the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line; a drag chain groove is provided on the guide rail seat, and a drag chain for protecting the conveying work of the transfer conveyor line is arranged in the drag chain groove, one end of the drag chain is fixed on the drag chain groove, and the other end is arranged at the bottom of the transfer conveyor line.

[0018] Further preferably, the loading robot is arranged at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line through a robot support frame and is located above the transfer conveyor line.

[0019] Further preferably, the gripping mechanism can be mounted on a fixed plate on the loading robot, and a first mounting plate for arranging a box gripping assembly is provided on the fixed plate, and the box gripping assembly is arranged on the first mounting plate through front and rear positioning assemblies, a second mounting plate perpendicular to the first mounting plate is provided on the side of the first mounting plate, and a pallet gripping assembly for grabbing the pallet is provided on the second mounting plate.

[0020] Further preferably, the front and rear positioning components include a positioning cylinder and a front and rear positioning plates, the front and rear positioning plates are arranged in front of the first mounting plate through four guide rods, and the front ends of the guide rods are provided with anti-slip sections after passing through the front and rear positioning plates, and the rear ends of the guide rods are provided with anti-slip nuts after passing through the first mounting plate, the positioning cylinder is arranged on the rear side of the first mounting plate, and the output end of the positioning cylinder can push the front and rear positioning plates to move forward after passing through the first mounting plate, the positioning cylinder adopts a bidirectional cylinder, and the positioning cylinder is provided with an eighth detection component for detecting whether the positioning cylinder is working.

[0021] Further preferably, the box grabbing assembly includes at least three clamping cylinders and at least two horizontal positioning pins, and the cylinder head of the clamping cylinder is provided with a protective pad; the pallet grabbing assembly includes at least three suction cups arranged on the second mounting plate; and a visual recognition device is arranged on the first mounting plate through a mounting bracket.

[0022] Further preferably, a calibration block for calibrating the original position of the feeding robot is provided on the gripping mechanism, and a calibration seat corresponding to the calibration block is provided on the side of the first supporting frame through a calibration bracket.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1) Through the cooperation of various devices, the box can be fixed on the carrier, and the automatic return of the pallet can be realized, thereby improving the efficiency of box loading, and the whole process can be fully automated, thereby reducing labor costs.

[0025] 2) In the present application, the housing is fixed to the bearing member by bolts, so that there is no need to set up a robot arm later, and only a structure for fixing the bearing member needs to be set up on the assembly device, thereby reducing the mechanical cost of the entire engine assembly line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the bearing assembly of the present invention Figure 1 (The clamping block and clamping block are set separately).

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the bearing assembly of the present invention Figure 2 (The clamping block and clamping block are set separately).

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the bearing assembly of the present invention Figure 1 (The clamping block and clamping block are set together).

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the bearing assembly of the present invention Figure 2 (The clamping block and clamping block are set together).

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-rotation component in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-rotation component in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation of the fixing assembly and the tightening assembly in the present invention Figure 1 .

[0034] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the installation of the fixing assembly and the tightening assembly in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0035] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the driving component in the present invention.

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a case placed on the pushing assembly in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the tray loading device in the present invention.

[0038] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the grabbing mechanism in the present invention Figure 1 .

[0039] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the grabbing mechanism in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0040] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the grabbing mechanism of the present invention grabbing the box.

[0041] Figure numerals: engine assembly line-A, first support frame-B, second support frame-C, pushing component-D, bearing component-E, fixing component-F, tightening component-G, pallet loading device-H, loading robot-J, grasping mechanism-K, bottom plate-1, bearing support seat-2, clamping groove-2a, mounting hole-2b, bearing member-3, supporting curved surface-3a, fixing hole-3b, clamping protrusion-3c, clamping protrusion-3d, clamping block-4, clamping arc groove-4a, first roller-5, roller shaft-6, clamping block-7, rotating disk-8, cover plate-9, anti-slip disk-10, bearing-11, clamping shaft-12, anti-rotation block-13, anti-rotation seat- 14. Anti-rotation handle-15, anti-rotation block-16, anti-rotation groove-16a, second roller-17, accessory tray-18, material box bracket-18a, crankshaft bracket-18b, connecting rod cover bracket-18c, piston connecting rod bracket-18d, main bearing cover area-18e, camshaft cover area-18f, accessory tray bracket-19, oil receiving tray-20, upper and lower push cylinders-21, upper and lower moving plates-22, first guide rail slider assembly-23, placement plate-24, second guide rail slider assembly-25, linear guide-26, mobile bracket-27, vertical positioning pin-28, box support seat-29, first detection assembly-30, third support frame-31, second detection assembly -32, third detection assembly -33, first limit buffer -34, upper clamping block -35, lower clamping block -36, clamping roller -37, limiting cylinder -38, pad -39, left and right adjustment plate -40, left and right adjustment cylinder -41, third guide rail slider assembly -42, fourth detection assembly -43, upper and lower clamping cylinder -44, upper and lower clamping plate -45, fourth guide rail slider assembly -46, fifth detection assembly -47, tightening gun -48, front and rear push cylinder -49, front and rear push plate -50, fifth guide rail slider assembly -51, sixth detection assembly -52, pallet feeding conveyor line -53, pallet return conveyor line -54, transfer conveyor line -55, pulling cylinder -56, guide rail seat -57, guide rail -58, connecting plate -59, seventh detection component -60, second limit buffer -61, buffer plate -62, drag chain slot -63, drag chain -64, material blocking cylinder -65, material blocking block -66, robot support frame -67, fixing plate -68, first mounting plate -69, second mounting plate -70, positioning cylinder -71, front and rear positioning plates -72, guide rod -73, anti-slip section -73a, eighth detection component -74, clamping cylinder -75, horizontal positioning pin -76, protection pad -77, suction cup -78, mounting bracket -79, visual recognition device -80, calibration block -81, calibration bracket -82, calibration seat -83. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 15As shown, an automatic loading system for a crankcase during engine assembly is mainly composed of a first support frame B, a second support frame C, a pushing assembly D, a bearing assembly E, a fixing assembly F, a tightening assembly G, a tray loading device H, a loading robot J and a grabbing mechanism K. To achieve the fixing of the case, the first support frame B and the second support frame C are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the engine assembly line A, the pushing assembly D is arranged on the first support frame B, and can push the case onto the bearing, and the bearing 3 is arranged on the bearing assembly E located on the engine assembly line A. The second support frame C is provided with a fixing assembly F for fixing the bearing and a tightening assembly G for fixing and tightening the case and the bearing.

[0044] In order to realize the loading of boxes, a pallet loading device H for loading pallets with boxes and returning empty pallets is arranged on the front side of the pushing component D, and a loading robot J capable of grabbing the boxes onto the pushing component is arranged on the pallet loading device H, and a grabbing mechanism K for grabbing the boxes is arranged on the loading robot J.

[0045] The specific structure of the pushing assembly D includes an up-down moving assembly and a forward-backward moving assembly, and the forward-backward moving assembly is arranged on the up-down moving assembly. The up-down moving assembly includes an up-down pushing cylinder 21 and an up-down moving plate 22, one end of the up-down pushing cylinder 21 is arranged on the first support frame B, and the other end is arranged on the up-down moving plate 22, and the up-down moving plate 22 is slidably arranged on the first support frame B through the first guide rail slider assembly 23. When the up-down pushing cylinder works, it can drive the up-down moving plate to move up and down on the first support frame, thereby pushing the box body upward, so that the box body can be pushed onto the supporting curved surface under the action of the forward-backward moving assembly.

[0046] The forward and backward moving assembly includes a placement plate 24 for placing the box, and the placement plate 24 is slidably arranged on the up-and-down moving plate 22 through the second guide rail slider assembly 25. A linear guide rail 26 located on the up-and-down moving plate 22 is arranged on the side of the placement plate 24, and the moving block of the linear guide rail 26 is connected to the placement plate 24 through a moving bracket 27. When the linear guide rail moves, it can drive the placement plate to move forward and backward. Since the placement plate will be pushed above the engine assembly line, the rear end of the placement plate is suspended. In order to ensure the balance of the entire placement plate, a balancing section that is always located on the first support frame is arranged at the front end of the placement plate.

[0047] To facilitate the positioning and determination of the box, at least two vertical positioning pins 28 for positioning the box, at least three box support seats 29 for supporting the box and a first detection component 30 for detecting whether there is a box are provided at the rear end of the placement plate 24.

[0048] To ensure that the height of the box matches the height of the carrier and the box will not be pushed backward, a second detection component 32 for detecting the height of the box position is arranged on the side of the first support frame B through the third support frame 31, and a third detection component 33 for detecting the forward and backward movement position of the placement plate 24 is arranged on the up and down movable plate 22.

[0049] Since the box is heavy, in order to prevent the inertia force of backward movement from being large, a first limit buffer 34 is provided at the rear end of the up-and-down moving plate 22 for buffering when the up-and-down moving plate 22 moves backward into position.

[0050] The bearing component assembly also includes a base plate 1 and a bearing support seat 2, wherein the base plate 1 is used to drive the entire bearing component assembly to move along with the engine assembly line, and the base plate 1 and the bearing support seat 2 are connected by a rotating component that can rotate in a horizontal plane, and the bearing component 3 is clamped on the upper end of the bearing support seat 2 from top to bottom, and the rotating component is used to change the direction in which the cylinder body is placed on the bearing component.

[0051] A support curved surface 3a matching the cylinder body and located inside the cylinder body is provided on the front side of the carrier 3, and a fixing hole 3b extending forward and backward and capable of fixing the cylinder body on the support curved surface is provided on the support curved surface 3a, and a fixing bolt for tightening the carrier and the cylinder body is provided in the fixing hole. In order to facilitate the fixation of the carrier assembly by each device on the engine assembly line, clamping protrusions 3c for the fixing assembly to clamp the carrier are provided on both the left and right ends of the rear side of the carrier 3. Clamping blocks 4 for easy clamping are provided at both the upper and lower ends of each clamping protrusion 3c, and each clamping block 4 is provided with a clamping arc groove 4a facing the corresponding side, and the clamping arc groove 4a of the upper clamping block is set upward, and the clamping arc groove 4a of the lower clamping block is set downward.

[0052] Since the bearing member 3 is clamped on the upper end of the bearing support seat 2 from top to bottom, the center of the supporting curved surface 3a can be at the bottom or at the top, which can be changed according to the assembly requirements of the crankcase.

[0053] In order to facilitate the clamping connection between the bearing member and the bearing support seat, clamping protrusions 3d are extended and provided at both ends of the middle of the bearing member 3, and a clamping groove 2a is provided at the position corresponding to the clamping protrusion 3d on the upper end of the bearing support seat 2. At the same time, first rollers 5 for reducing friction are provided on the front side, rear side and bottom surface of the clamping groove 2a, and the first rollers 5 are installed on the bearing support seat 2 through corresponding roller shafts 6. In order to facilitate the installation of the roller shafts and the first rollers, mounting holes 2b are provided on the bearing support seat 2 at positions corresponding to each roller shaft 6 and the first roller 5, and the heights of each first roller 5 are not equal.

[0054] Since the cylinder body is heavy, in order to increase the load-bearing capacity of the load-bearing support seat, that is, to increase the contact area between the load-bearing support seat and the bearing member, a clamping block 7 matching the clamping groove is provided on the outer side of each clamping protrusion 3d, and the first roller 5 is in contact with the clamping block 7. At the same time, the setting of the clamping block also prevents the length of the clamping protrusion from being too long, thereby reducing the risk of the clamping protrusion breaking.

[0055] In this embodiment, the clamping block and the clamping block may also be provided integrally. In this case, there is no need to provide a clamping protrusion and a mounting protrusion on the carrier.

[0056] The rotating assembly includes a rotating disk 8 and a cover plate 9, wherein the cover plate 9 is fixed above the bottom plate 1, and the lower end of the rotating disk 8 passes through the middle of the cover plate 9 and is provided with an anti-slip disk 10 located in the bottom plate 1. To ensure the smooth rotation of the rotating disk, a bearing 11 is provided between the rotating disk and the cover plate 9, and the bearing 11 can be provided as a non-standard bearing formed by two inner and outer support rings and a ball between the two support rings.

[0057] In order to prevent the rotating disk from rotating at will when it moves with the transfer conveyor line, an anti-rotation component for preventing the rotating disk 8 from rotating is provided on the rotating disk 8. The anti-rotation component includes an anti-rotation block 13, an anti-rotation seat 14 and an anti-rotation handle 15. The anti-rotation seat 14 is installed on the cover plate 9. The middle part of the anti-rotation block 13 is hinged on the anti-rotation seat 14. An anti-rotation clamping block 16 is provided below the rotating disk 8. An anti-rotation groove 16a is provided on the bottom surface of the anti-rotation clamping block 16 along the radial direction of the rotating disk 8, and one end of the anti-rotation block 13 can be clamped on the anti-rotation groove 16a from below. The lower end of the anti-rotation handle 15 is provided at the other end of the anti-rotation block 13. The weight of the other end of the anti-rotation block 13 is greater than the weight of one end, so that in the absence of external force, one end of the anti-rotation block 13 can be inserted into the anti-rotation groove all the way, thereby preventing the rotating disk from rotating. When the rotating disk needs to rotate, the other end of the anti-rotation block is lifted by the handle to unlock it, and then the bearing support seat is rotated. In this embodiment, a plurality of anti-rotation blocks can be arranged at the bottom of the rotating disk as required, preferably, a slot for installing the anti-rotation blocks is arranged at the bottom of the rotating disk. To reduce friction, a second roller 17 protruding upward from the anti-rotation block is arranged at one end of the anti-rotation block 13.

[0058] An accessory tray is also provided on the carrier assembly, and the accessory tray 18 is arranged on either the left or right side of the base plate 1 through the accessory tray bracket 19, and the accessory tray 18 is provided with a material box bracket 18a for placing the material box, a crankshaft bracket 18b for placing the crankshaft, a connecting rod cover bracket 18c for placing the connecting rod cover, a piston connecting rod bracket 18d for placing the piston connecting rod, a main bearing cover area 18e for placing the main bearing cover, and a camshaft cover area 18f for placing the camshaft cover, etc., and each area can be set as needed.

[0059] In order to prevent the engine oil from falling everywhere along the assembly conveying line during the engine assembly process, an oil receiving pan 20 for collecting the engine oil is provided at the bottom of the bearing support seat 2.

[0060] The fixing assembly F includes an upper clamping block 35 and a lower clamping block 36 which are arranged relatively to each other in the upper and lower directions, and two of the upper clamping blocks 35 and the lower clamping blocks 36 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides, and clamping rollers 37 are arranged on all the upper clamping blocks 35 and the lower clamping blocks 36 through the clamping shaft 12, and all the upper clamping blocks 35 are arranged on the front side of the second support frame C through the left and right adjustment assemblies, and the left and right adjustment assemblies can drive the upper clamping blocks 35 to move left and right, and all the lower clamping blocks 36 are arranged on the front side of the second support frame C through the upper and lower clamping assemblies, and the upper and lower clamping assemblies can drive the lower clamping blocks 36 to move up and down.

[0061] Because the box is only placed on the supporting curved surface before being fixed, in order to prevent the box from shaking left and right, a limiting assembly for fixing the box on the bearing member 3 is provided on the second support frame C. The limiting assembly includes at least three limiting cylinders 38, and a pad 39 that can abut against the box is provided at the output end of the limiting cylinder 38.

[0062] The specific structure of the left and right adjustment components includes left and right adjustment plates 40 and left and right adjustment cylinders 41. Two upper clamping blocks 35 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the lower ends of the left and right adjustment plates 40. The left and right adjustment plates 40 are slidably arranged on the front side of the second support frame C through the third guide rail slider assembly 42. The left and right adjustment cylinders 41 are arranged on the second support frame C, and the output ends are arranged on the left and right adjustment plates 40. At the same time, a fourth detection assembly 43 for limiting and detecting the left and right extreme positions of the left and right adjustment plates is arranged on the second support frame C.

[0063] The specific structure of the upper and lower clamping components includes an upper and lower clamping cylinder 44 and an upper and lower clamping plate 45. Two lower clamping blocks 36 are arranged at intervals on the upper ends of the upper and lower clamping plates 45. The upper and lower clamping plates 45 are arranged on the second support frame C through the fourth guide rail slider assembly 46. The upper and lower clamping cylinders 44 are arranged on the second support frame C, and the output ends are arranged on the upper and lower clamping plates 45. At the same time, a fifth detection assembly 47 for limiting and detecting the upper and lower limit positions of the upper and lower clamping plates is arranged on the second support frame C.

[0064] The specific structure of the tightening assembly includes a tightening gun 48, and the tightening gun 48 is arranged on the second support frame C through the front and rear push assembly. The front and rear push assembly includes a front and rear push cylinder 49 and a front and rear push plate 50, the tightening gun 48 is arranged on the front and rear push plate 50, the front and rear push plate 50 is arranged on the rear side of the second support frame C through the fifth guide rail slider assembly 51, the front and rear push cylinder 49 is arranged on the rear side of the second support frame C, and the output end is arranged on the front and rear push plate 50, and the second support frame C is provided with a sixth detection assembly 52 for limiting and detecting the front and rear limit positions of the front and rear push plate 50.

[0065] The pallet loading device H is mainly composed of a pallet feeding conveyor line 53, a pallet return conveyor line 54, a transfer conveyor line 55, a material blocking assembly and a left and right pulling assembly, wherein the pallet feeding conveyor line 53 and the pallet return conveyor line 54 are arranged side by side and extend forward and backward, and the transfer conveyor line 55 is arranged at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line 53 by extending forward and backward through the left and right pulling assemblies, and the transfer conveyor line 55 can move left and right at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line 53 and the pallet return conveyor line 54 under the action of the left and right pulling assemblies. Automatic return of pallets is achieved by arranging a transfer conveyor line that can move left and right at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line, and the transfer conveyor line can move left and right through the left and right moving assembly arranged below the transfer conveyor line. When the transfer conveyor line is at the rear side of the pallet feeding conveyor line or the pallet return conveyor line, it can be used as a part of the corresponding conveyor line, so the overall space occupied is not large, which is convenient for the arrangement of other devices.

[0066] In the present application, the pallet feeding conveyor line 53, the pallet return conveyor line 54 and the transfer conveyor line 55 are all configured as roller conveyor lines, and the power of the pallet feeding conveyor line 53, the pallet return conveyor line 54 and the transfer conveyor line 55 are all configured separately. In order to prevent the pallets on the pallet feeding conveyor line from moving to the position of the transfer conveyor line when the transfer conveyor line 55 moves to the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line, a material blocking assembly is provided at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line 53 and the pallet return conveyor line 54.

[0067] In the initial state, the transfer conveyor line is first located at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line, and the transporting direction of the transfer conveyor line is the same as that of the pallet feeding conveyor line. At the same time, the material blocking component at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line is in a non-blocking state, and the material blocking component at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line is in a blocking state. When working, let the pallet feeding conveyor line move the pallet with the box body to the transfer conveyor line. When the pallet with the box body is located on the transfer conveyor line as a whole, the transfer conveyor line stops transporting, and at the same time, the material blocking component at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line works to put it in a material blocking state. After all the boxes in the pallet are grabbed, the left and right pulling components work to move the transfer conveyor line with the empty pallet to the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line, and then make the transport direction of the transfer conveyor line the same as that of the pallet return conveyor line, and at the same time, the material blocking component works to return to the non-blocking state. When the pallet moves from the transfer conveyor line to the pallet return conveyor line, the transfer conveyor line stops transporting, and then the transfer conveyor line returns to the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line under the action of the left and right pulling components, and at the same time, the material blocking component at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line is in a non-blocking state, and the material blocking component at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line is in a blocking state, and this is repeated continuously, thereby realizing automatic return of the pallet.

[0068] To further improve the box loading efficiency, pallet feeding conveyor lines 53 are set on the left and right sides of the pallet return conveyor line 54, and a transfer conveyor line 55 that can move left and right between the pallet return conveyor line 54 and the corresponding pallet feeding conveyor line 53 is set at the rear end of each pallet feeding conveyor line 53, so that when a transfer conveyor line moves left and right to realize pallet return, it can grab the box on the transfer conveyor line instead of stopping grabbing, and the two transfer conveyor lines move alternately between the pallet return conveyor line 54 and the front end of the corresponding pallet feeding conveyor line 53.

[0069] The left and right pulling assembly includes a pulling cylinder 56, two guide rail seats 57 extending left and right are arranged at intervals below the transfer conveyor line 55, guide rails 58 are arranged on the guide rail seats 57, and a slider that can move left and right on the guide rails 58 is arranged on the bottom surface of the transfer conveyor line 55. One end of the pulling cylinder 56 is arranged on a connecting plate 59 extending front and back between the two guide rail seats 57, and the other end is arranged below the transfer conveyor line 55. When the moving cylinder works, it can drive the transfer conveyor line to move left and right along the guide rails. When two pallet feeding conveyor lines and a transfer conveyor line are provided, the guide rail seats and guide rails of the two transfer conveyor lines are shared.

[0070] Since the roller conveyor line is provided with connecting plates on both sides, in order to facilitate the determination of the position of the transfer conveyor line, a seventh detection component 60 for detecting the transfer conveyor line at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line is provided on the guide rail seat 57, that is, the seventh detection component is provided on the guide rail seat at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line, and two seventh detection components for detecting the connecting plates on both sides of the roller conveyor line are provided at intervals on the left and right at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line and the pallet return conveyor line.

[0071] In order to ensure that the transfer conveyor line can stably stop at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line or the pallet return conveyor line, a second limit buffer 61 is provided on the guide rail seat 57 when the transfer conveyor line 55 moves left and right to the position. Since two transfer conveyor lines are provided, in order to prevent the second limit buffer of one of the transfer conveyor lines from interfering with the movement of the other, the buffer used for the limit buffer at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line is lower than the bottom surface of the transfer conveyor line. At this time, in order to achieve buffering, a buffer plate 62 that can be supported by the second limit buffer is provided on one side of the transfer conveyor line 55 located between the pallet feeding conveyor line 53 and the pallet return conveyor line 54.

[0072] In order to protect the wires or air pipes on the transfer conveyor line, a drag chain groove 63 is provided on the guide rail seat 57. At the same time, a drag chain 64 for protecting the transport work of the transfer conveyor line 55 is arranged in the drag chain groove 63. One end of the drag chain 64 is fixed on the drag chain groove 63, and the other end is arranged at the bottom of the transfer conveyor line 55.

[0073] The specific structure of the material blocking assembly includes a material blocking cylinder 65, and the output end of the material blocking cylinder 65 extends upward and is provided with a material blocking block 66. When material blocking is required, the material blocking cylinder works to push the material blocking block to move upward.

[0074] In the present application, the loading robot J is arranged at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line 54 through the robot support frame 67 and is located above the transfer conveyor line 55.

[0075] The grabbing mechanism K is mainly composed of a fixed plate 68, a first mounting plate 69, a second mounting plate 70, a box grabbing assembly, a front and rear positioning assembly, and a pallet grabbing assembly. The fixed plate 68 is used to install the entire fixture on the grabbing robot, the first mounting plate 69 is arranged on the front side of the fixed plate 68, the box grabbing assembly is arranged on the first mounting plate 69 through the front and rear positioning assemblies, and the box grabbing assembly is used to realize the grabbing of the box. The second mounting plate 70 is arranged on the side of the first mounting plate 69, and the second mounting plate 70 is arranged vertically relative to the first mounting plate 69. The pallet grabbing assembly is arranged on the second mounting plate 70 to realize the grabbing of the pallet. In order to increase the strength, a reinforcing plate is arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0076] The specific structure of the front and rear positioning assembly includes a positioning cylinder 71 and a front and rear positioning plate 72, wherein the front and rear positioning plate 72 is arranged in front of the first mounting plate 69 through four guide rods 73. To prevent the front and rear positioning plates from moving out of the guide rods, the front end of the guide rod 73 is provided with an anti-slip section 73a after passing through the front and rear positioning plates 72, and the rear end of the guide rod 73 is provided with an anti-slip nut (not shown in the figure) after passing through the first mounting plate 69. The positioning cylinder 71 is arranged at the rear side of the first mounting plate 69, and the output end of the positioning cylinder 71 can push the front and rear positioning plates 72 to move forward after passing through the first mounting plate 69.

[0077] In the present application, the positioning cylinder 71 adopts a bidirectional cylinder, and an eighth detection component 74 is provided on the positioning cylinder 71 for detecting whether the positioning cylinder is working.

[0078] The specific structure of the box grabbing assembly includes at least three clamping cylinders 75 and at least two horizontal positioning pins 76, wherein the clamping cylinder adopts the existing technology. To protect the box, a protective pad 77 is provided on the cylinder head of the clamping cylinder 75. In the present application, three clamping cylinders and two horizontal positioning pins are provided.

[0079] The working process of box grabbing is as follows: when the entire fixture moves into place under the action of the loading robot, the positioning cylinder works to push the front and rear positioning plates forward, so that the horizontal positioning pins extend into the corresponding holes of the box, and then the clamping cylinder works to clamp the box on the front and rear positioning plates. At this time, the front and rear positioning plates return to their original positions under the action of the clamping cylinder.

[0080] The specific structure of the tray grabbing assembly includes at least three suction cups 78 arranged on the second mounting plate 70, and the suction cups are prior art. In the present application, four suction cups are arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0081] In order to ensure that the loading robot can accurately move the fixture into position, a visual recognition device 80 is provided on the first mounting plate 69 through a mounting bracket 79, and the visual recognition device adopts a high-speed camera.

[0082] In the present application, the first detection component includes a detection sensor arranged through a detection bracket, the second detection component adopts a high-speed camera, and two second detection components are arranged, and are arranged at the positions before and after the movement of the corresponding box body, the fourth detection component, the fifth detection component and the sixth detection component have the same structure, and all include buffers and detection sensors arranged on the corresponding limit detection brackets, and corresponding detection components are arranged corresponding to each extreme position, the third detection component, the seventh detection component and the eighth detection component have the same structure, and all include detection sensors arranged through a detection bracket, and corresponding detection sensors are arranged corresponding to each moving position of the detection sensor.

[0083] In order to facilitate the position determination of the feeding robot, a calibration block 81 for calibrating the original position of the feeding robot is provided on the grasping mechanism, and a calibration seat 83 corresponding to the calibration block 81 is provided on the side of the first support frame through a calibration bracket 82.

[0084] The working process of this application is as follows: the pallet with the box is moved to the transfer conveyor line through the pallet loading conveyor line, and then the loading robot moves so that the box grabbing assembly grabs the box, and then the loading robot places the box on the placement plate, and then the placement plate is supported on the supporting curved surface under the action of the up and down moving assembly and the front and back moving assembly, and then the fixing assembly fixes and clamps the carrier, and at the same time the limit cylinder also works to ensure the fit between the box and the supporting curved surface, and then the front and back pushing assemblies drive the tightening gun to move forward. After moving into place, the tightening gun works to tighten the bolts in the fixing holes on the box.

Claims

1. An automatic loading system for a crankcase during engine assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first support frame (B) and a second support frame (C) respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of an engine assembly line (A), wherein the first support frame (B) is provided with a pushing component (D) capable of pushing a box onto a carrier, the carrier (3) is arranged on a carrier component (E) located on the engine assembly line (A), the second support frame (C) is provided with a fixing component (F) for fixing the carrier and a tightening component (G) for achieving the fixing and tightening of the box and the carrier, the front side of the pushing component (D) is provided with a pallet loading device (H) for achieving the loading of pallets with boxes and the return of empty pallets, the pallet loading device (H) is provided with a loading robot (J) capable of grabbing the box onto the pushing component, and the loading robot (J) is provided with a grabbing mechanism (K) for grabbing the box; The bearing component assembly comprises a base plate (1) and a bearing support seat (2), the base plate (1) being used to drive the entire bearing component assembly to move along with the engine assembly line, the bearing component (3) being used to support and fix the cylinder body, the base plate (1) being connected to the bearing support seat (2) via a rotating component that can rotate in a horizontal plane, the bearing component (3) being clamped on the upper end of the bearing support seat (2) from top to bottom, the front side surface of the bearing component (3) being provided with a supporting curved surface (3a) that matches the cylinder body and is located inside the cylinder body, the supporting curved surface (3a) being provided with a fixing hole (3b) that extends forward and backward and can fix the cylinder body on the supporting curved surface, the left and right ends of the rear side surface of the bearing component (3) being provided with clamping protrusions (3c) for the fixing component to clamp the bearing component, the upper and lower ends of each clamping protrusion (3c) being provided with clamping blocks (4) for facilitating clamping, and each clamping block (4) being provided with a clamping arc groove (4a) facing the corresponding side; The fixing assembly (F) comprises an upper clamping block (35) and a lower clamping block (36) which are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower directions, and two of the upper clamping blocks (35) and the lower clamping blocks (36) are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides, and clamping rollers (37) are arranged on all the upper clamping blocks (35) and the lower clamping blocks (36) via clamping shafts (12), and all the upper clamping blocks (35) are arranged on the front side of the second support frame (C) via left and right adjustment assemblies, and the left and right adjustment assemblies can drive the upper clamping blocks (35) to move left and right, and all the lower clamping blocks (36) are arranged on the front side of the second support frame (C) via upper and lower clamping assemblies, and the upper and lower clamping assemblies can drive the lower clamping blocks (36) to move up and down; and a limiting assembly for fixing the box body on the bearing member (3) is arranged on the second support frame (C), and the limiting assembly comprises at least three limiting cylinders (38), and a pad (39) which can abut against the box body is arranged at the output end of the limiting cylinder (38).

2. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (D) comprises an up-and-down moving assembly and a front-and-back moving assembly, wherein the front-and-back moving assembly is arranged on the up-and-down moving assembly, wherein the up-and-down moving assembly comprises an up-and-down pushing cylinder (21) and an up-and-down moving plate (22), wherein one end of the up-and-down pushing cylinder (21) is arranged on the first support frame (B), and the other end is arranged on the up-and-down moving plate (22), wherein the up-and-down moving plate (22) is slidably arranged on the first support frame (B) via a first guide rail slider assembly (23); the front-and-back moving assembly comprises a placement plate (24) for placing a box body, wherein the The placement plate (24) is slidably arranged on the upper and lower movable plates (22) via a second guide rail slider assembly (25); a linear guide rail (26) located on the upper and lower movable plates (22) is arranged on the side of the placement plate (24); a moving block of the linear guide rail (26) is connected to the placement plate (24) via a moving bracket (27); and the placement plate (24) is provided with at least two vertical positioning pins (28) for positioning a box, at least three box support seats (29) for supporting the box, and a first detection assembly (30) for detecting whether there is a box.

3. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second detection component (32) for detecting the height of the box body is arranged on the side of the first support frame (B) via a third support frame (31); a third detection component (33) for detecting the forward and backward movement position of the placement plate (24) is arranged on the vertically movable plate (22); and a first limit buffer (34) for buffering the vertically movable plate (22) when the vertically movable plate (22) moves backward into position is arranged at the rear end of the vertically movable plate (22).

4. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left-right adjustment assembly comprises a left-right adjustment plate (40) and a left-right adjustment cylinder (41); all upper clamping blocks (35) are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the lower end of the left-right adjustment plate (40); the left-right adjustment plate (40) is slidably arranged on the front side of the second support frame (C) through a third guide rail slider assembly (42); the left-right adjustment cylinder (41) is arranged on the second support frame (C), and the output end is arranged on the left-right adjustment plate (40); the second support frame (C) is provided with a fourth detection assembly (41) for limiting and detecting the left-right limit position of the left-right adjustment plate 3); the upper and lower clamping components include upper and lower clamping cylinders (44) and upper and lower clamping plates (45); the lower clamping blocks (36) are arranged at intervals on the upper ends of the upper and lower clamping plates (45); the upper and lower clamping plates (45) are arranged on the second support frame (C) through the fourth guide rail slider assembly (46); the upper and lower clamping cylinders (44) are arranged on the second support frame (C), and the output ends are arranged on the upper and lower clamping plates (45); the second support frame (C) is provided with a fifth detection assembly (47) for limiting and detecting the upper and lower limit positions of the upper and lower clamping plates.

5. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening assembly comprises a tightening gun (48), and the tightening gun (48) is arranged on the second support frame (C) through a front and rear pushing assembly. The front and rear pushing assembly comprises a front and rear pushing cylinder (49) and a front and rear pushing plate (50). The tightening gun (48) is arranged on the front and rear pushing plate (50), and the front and rear pushing plate (50) is arranged on the rear side surface of the second support frame (C) through a fifth guide rail slider assembly (51). The front and rear pushing cylinder (49) is arranged on the rear side surface of the second support frame (C), and the output end is arranged on the front and rear pushing plate (50). The second support frame (C) is provided with a sixth detection assembly (52) for limiting and detecting the front and rear extreme positions of the front and rear pushing plates (50).

6. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pallet loading device (H) comprises a pallet feeding conveyor line (53) and a pallet return conveyor line (54) which are arranged side by side on the left and right and extend forward and backward. A transfer conveyor line (55) which extends forward and backward is arranged at the rear end of the pallet feeding conveyor line (53). The length of the transfer conveyor line (55) extending forward and backward matches the engine case pallet. The transfer conveyor line (55) can move left and right at the rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line (53) and the pallet return conveyor line (54) under the action of a left and right pulling assembly below. The pallet feeding conveyor line (53), the pallet return conveyor line (54) and the transfer conveyor line (55) are all arranged as roller conveyor lines. The rear ends of the pallet feeding conveyor line (53) and the pallet return conveyor line (54) are both provided with a material blocking assembly.

7. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading robot (J) is arranged at the rear end of the pallet return conveyor line (54) via a robot support frame (67) and is located above the transfer conveyor line (55).

8. The automatic loading system for crankcase during engine assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripping mechanism (K) can be mounted on a fixed plate (68) on a loading robot (J); a first mounting plate (69) for arranging a box gripping assembly is provided on the fixed plate (68); the box gripping assembly is arranged on the first mounting plate (69) through front and rear positioning assemblies; a second mounting plate (70) perpendicular to the first mounting plate (69) is provided on a side of the first mounting plate (69); a pallet gripping assembly for gripping a pallet is provided on the second mounting plate (70).

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