Inner expansion sealing cover, dismounting tool and dismounting method of inner expansion sealing cover

Abstract

The application discloses an inner diffuser sealing cover, a dismounting tool and a dismounting method of the inner diffuser sealing cover, and relates to the field of turbo expanders. The inner diffuser sealing cover comprises a cover body, the cover body has an inner cavity, the two ends of the cover body are respectively a connecting end and a diffuser end, the inner cavity is radially enlarged along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end, the connecting end is provided with a mounting ring, and the mounting ring is abutted on the inner right end surface of a turbo volute. The dismounting tool comprises a positioning plate, a pull rod inserted into the positioning plate, two first nuts respectively threadedly connected to the pull rod and located on the two sides of the positioning plate, and the other end of the pull rod extends along the direction away from the diffuser end. The inner diffuser sealing cover is convenient to embed into the dismounting tool. The dismounting tool and the dismounting method reduce the dismounting difficulty of the inner diffuser sealing cover and improve the dismounting efficiency of the inner diffuser sealing cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of turbo expanders, and in particular to an internal expansion sealing cover, a disassembly tool for the internal expansion sealing cover, and a disassembly method. Background Technology

[0002] The turbine expander is a key unit in air separation equipment, providing most of the cooling capacity. Its performance directly determines the energy consumption and reliability of the air separation unit. In the turbine expander, the internal diffuser seal is installed inside the turbine casing. It cooperates with the expansion wheel to seal any internal leakage gas that does not enter the expansion wheel for expansion, thereby reducing the flow rate of leaked gas and improving the expander's efficiency.

[0003] In existing technology, technicians typically create process screw holes in the inner diffuser seal cover. During assembly and disassembly, process screws are installed within these holes, allowing the inner diffuser seal cover to be removed from the turbine expander when replacement is needed. However, this existing solution has three drawbacks: First, the high-speed airflow inside the expander can easily enter the process screw holes, affecting the expander's gas expansion efficiency; second, the process screw holes are relatively small, making them difficult to machine; and third, the process screws that mate with the process screw holes have low strength, making them prone to bending or breaking during disassembly of the inner diffuser seal cover, increasing the difficulty of disassembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an internal expansion sealing cover that is easy to disassemble and does not affect the gas expansion efficiency of the expander.

[0005] The internal expansion sealing cover provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An internal diffusion sealing cover is installed inside a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes an expansion section and a pressurization section, a turbine volute disposed within the expansion section, an expansion wheel disposed within the turbine volute, and a diffuser connected to the turbine volute. The internal diffusion sealing cover includes a cover body internally connected to the turbine volute and coaxially communicating with the diffuser. The cover body has an inner cavity, and its two ends are a connecting end and a diffusion end, respectively. The inner cavity expands radially along the direction from the connecting end to the diffusion end. The connecting end cooperates with the expansion wheel, and the diffusion end is connected to the diffuser. The connecting end is provided with a mounting ring, which abuts against the inner right end face of the turbine volute.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the radially enlarged inner cavity facilitates the insertion of disassembly fixtures and the removal of the inner expansion sealing cover from the turbine expander through the disassembly fixtures; on the other hand, the radially enlarged inner cavity can reduce the outlet airflow velocity, reduce the friction between the outlet low-temperature gas and the wall surface, and improve the overall efficiency of the expander.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the connecting end has multiple first annular grooves, the diameter of which gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end. The circumferential side of the expansion wheel has multiple mounting steps, the diameter of which gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end. When the connecting end is connected to the expansion wheel, the multiple mounting steps are embedded in the multiple first annular grooves one by one.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple mounting steps can be fitted into multiple first annular grooves to seal the internal leakage gas that does not enter the expansion wheel for expansion, reduce the internal leakage gas flow rate, and improve the efficiency of the expander; at the same time, the diameter of multiple mounting steps gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end, which makes it easy to remove the expansion wheel from the inner cavity along the direction from the diffuser end to the connecting end.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting groove is provided between each pair of adjacent first annular grooves, the groove wall of the connecting groove is inclined, and the angle between the groove wall of the connecting groove and the bottom of the adjacent first annular groove is 15°.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal leakage gas that does not enter the expansion wheel for expansion can be obliquely guided to the expansion wheel through the connecting groove, and further expanded and throttled in the first annular groove, reducing the internal leakage flow and further improving the expansion efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the diffuser end abuts against the diffuser end, the centerline of the inner cavity coincides with the centerline of the diffuser, and the maximum diameter of the inner cavity is the same as the minimum diameter of the diffuser.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas output from the expander wheel can smoothly enter the diffuser from the inner cavity, further improving the expansion efficiency.

[0014] The second objective of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a disassembly tool for disassembling an internally diffuser sealing cover.

[0015] The disassembly tooling provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0016] A disassembly tool for an internally diffuser sealing cover is provided for removing the internally diffuser sealing cover from a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes an expansion section and a pressurization section. The internally diffuser sealing cover includes a cover body connected inside the turbine volute. The cover body has an inner cavity. The two ends of the cover body are a connecting end and a diffuser end, respectively. The inner cavity expands radially along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end.

[0017] The disassembly fixture includes a positioning plate for inserting into the inner cavity and abutting against the cavity wall, a pull rod with one end inserted into the positioning plate, and two first nuts respectively threaded onto the pull rod and located on both sides of the positioning plate. The other end of the pull rod extends in a direction away from the diffuser end.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when disassembling the inner diffuser sealing cover, simply pull the lever to pull the inner diffuser sealing cover out of the turbine volute. There is no need to drill process screw holes on the inner diffuser sealing cover. This not only avoids affecting the gas expansion efficiency of the expander, but also greatly reduces the difficulty of disassembling the inner diffuser sealing cover and improves the disassembly efficiency of the inner diffuser sealing cover.

[0019] Preferably, the maximum external dimension of the positioning plate is between the maximum and minimum diameter of the inner cavity.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning plate can be fixed in a certain position in the inner cavity after being erected, so that the positioning plate can drive the inner expansion sealing cover to move when the pull rod is pulled.

[0021] Preferably, when the positioning plate abuts against the cavity wall of the inner cavity, the center line of the positioning plate coincides with the center line of the inner cavity.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the relative displacement between the positioning plate and the inner cavity can be avoided when the pull rod is pulled, thus ensuring the pushing effect of the positioning plate on the inner expansion sealing cover.

[0023] Preferably, the disassembly fixture further includes a fixing plate for fixing to one end face of the expansion part. The two ends of the pull rod are a positioning end and a movable end, respectively. The positioning end passes through the positioning plate, and the movable end passes through the fixing plate. The movable end is threadedly connected to a second nut. The second nut is located on the side of the fixing plate away from the positioning plate and is movable along the length direction of the pull rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when disassembling the inner expansion sealing cover, the movement of the pull rod can be achieved simply by turning the second nut, making the disassembly of the inner expansion sealing cover more labor-saving.

[0025] Preferably, when the positioning plate abuts against the cavity wall of the inner cavity, the center line of the positioning plate coincides with the center line of the fixing plate.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the deviation of the pull rod during movement is effectively avoided.

[0027] The third objective of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a disassembly method for disassembling the inner diffuser sealing cover.

[0028] The disassembly method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0029] A method for disassembling an internally diffuser sealing cap is provided for removing the internally diffuser sealing cap from a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes an expansion section and a pressurization section. The expansion section includes a turbine volute and an expansion wheel disposed within the turbine volute. The internally diffuser sealing cap includes a cap body connected within the turbine volute. The cap body has an inner cavity. The two ends of the cap body are a diffuser end and a connecting end, respectively. The inner cavity expands radially along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end.

[0030] The disassembly method is based on a disassembly fixture, which includes a positioning plate, a fixing plate, a pull rod, two first nuts and a second nut, and the two ends of the pull rod are a positioning end and a fixing end, respectively.

[0031] The disassembly method includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Separate the expansion section from the pressurization section, and then remove the expansion wheel from the expansion section;

[0033] Step 2: Insert the positioning end of the pull rod into the positioning plate, and then thread the two first nuts onto the pull rods located on both sides of the positioning plate.

[0034] Step 3: Flip the positioning plate in the forward direction so that the two sides of the positioning plate are close to the pull rod. Then, send the positioning plate and the pull rod into the inner cavity from the connecting end and move them along the direction from the connecting end to the diffuser end. After the positioning plate reaches the diffuser end, flip the positioning plate in the reverse direction so that its length direction is perpendicular to the axis of the pull rod. Then, tighten the two first nuts.

[0035] Step 4: Install the fixing plate on the end face of the expansion section away from the diffuser end, then insert the fixing end of the pull rod into the fixing plate, and thread the second nut onto the pull rod located on the side of the fixing plate away from the positioning plate;

[0036] Step 5: Rotate the second nut so that it moves along the pull rod towards the positioning plate. During the movement, the second nut continuously presses against the fixed plate. Under the interaction between the second nut and the fixed plate, the pull rod moves away from the positioning plate. Under the pulling force of the pull rod, the positioning plate moves towards the fixed plate. During its movement, the two ends of the positioning plate in the length direction gradually press against the cavity wall of the inner cavity and push the inner expansion sealing cover. Under the thrust of the positioning plate, the inner expansion sealing cover detaches from the turbine casing.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal expansion sealing cover can be easily and efficiently removed from the turbine expander without affecting the expansion efficiency of the expander.

[0038] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. The radially enlarged inner cavity of the inner diffuser sealing cover of this application facilitates the insertion of a disassembly tool and the removal of the inner diffuser sealing cover from the turbine expander through the disassembly tool; at the same time, the radially enlarged inner cavity can reduce the outlet airflow velocity, reduce the friction between the outlet low-temperature gas and the wall surface, and improve the overall efficiency of the expander.

[0040] 2. The disassembly fixture of this application allows the inner diffuser seal cover to be pulled out of the turbine housing simply by pulling the pull rod, eliminating the need to drill process screw holes on the inner diffuser seal cover. This not only avoids affecting the gas expansion efficiency of the expander, but also greatly reduces the difficulty of disassembling the inner diffuser seal cover and improves the disassembly efficiency of the inner diffuser seal cover.

[0041] 3. The disassembly method of this application can easily and efficiently remove the inner expansion sealing cover from the turbine expander without affecting the expansion efficiency of the expander;

[0042] 4. The disassembly fixture of this application only requires replacing the positioning plate for internal expansion sealing covers of different sizes, while the pull rod and fixing plate do not need to be replaced, making it widely applicable;

[0043] 5. The disassembly fixture of this application enables maintenance personnel to disassemble the inner diffuser sealing cover and install / repair expander components without removing the perlite inside the cold box, which not only improves maintenance efficiency but also avoids safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal expansion sealing cap in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the internal diffuser sealing cap and the turbine expander in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the positioning plate and pull rod when they are inserted into the inner cavity from the connecting end in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the disassembly fixture after installation in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] The following are labels in the attached diagram: 1. Cover body; 11. Inner cavity; 12. Connecting end; 13. Expansion end; 14. Mounting ring; 15. First annular groove; 16. Connecting groove; 17. Second annular groove; 2. Positioning plate; 3. Pull rod; 4. First nut; 5. Fixing plate; 6. Second nut;

[0051] 100. Expansion section; 101. Pressure boosting section; 102. Turbine casing; 103. Expansion wheel; 1031. Mounting step; 104. Diffuser. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0054] See Figures 1-3 As shown, an internal diffusion sealing cover is installed inside a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes an expansion section 100 and a pressurization section 101, a turbine volute 102 disposed within the expansion section 100, an expansion wheel 103 disposed within the turbine volute 102, and a diffuser 104 connected to the turbine volute 102. The internal diffusion sealing cover includes a cover body 1 internally connected to the turbine volute 102 and coaxially communicating with the diffuser. The cover body 1 has an inner cavity 11, with a connecting end 12 and a diffuser end 13 at its two ends. The inner cavity 11 expands radially along the direction from the connecting end 12 to the diffuser end 13. The connecting end 12 cooperates with the expansion wheel 103, and the diffuser end 13 is connected to the diffuser 104. The connecting end 12 is surrounded by a mounting ring 14, which abuts against the inner right end face of the turbine volute 102. A second annular groove 17 for embedding a sealing ring is formed on the outer wall of the diffuser end 13.

[0055] With the above configuration, on the one hand, the radially enlarged inner cavity 11 facilitates the insertion of disassembly fixtures and the removal of the inner expansion sealing cover from the turbine expander through the disassembly fixtures; on the other hand, the radially enlarged inner cavity 11 can reduce the outlet airflow velocity, reduce the friction between the outlet low-temperature gas and the wall, and improve the overall efficiency of the expander.

[0056] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the connecting end 12 has multiple first annular grooves 15. The diameter of the multiple first annular grooves 15 gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end 12 to the expansion end 13. The circumferential side of the expansion wheel 103 is provided with multiple mounting steps 1031. The diameter of the multiple mounting steps 1031 gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end 12 to the expansion end 13. When the connecting end 12 and the expansion wheel 103 are engaged, the multiple mounting steps 1031 are embedded in the multiple first annular grooves 15 one by one.

[0057] Multiple mounting steps 1031 can be fitted into multiple first annular grooves 15 to seal internal leakage gas that does not enter the expansion wheel 103 for expansion, reduce the flow rate of internal leakage gas, and improve the efficiency of the expander; at the same time, the diameter of the multiple mounting steps 1031 gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end 12 to the diffuser end 13, which makes it easy to remove the expansion wheel 103 from the inner cavity 11 along the direction from the diffuser end 13 to the connecting end 12.

[0058] Furthermore, in combination Figure 2 As shown, a connecting groove 16 is provided between each pair of adjacent first annular grooves 15. The groove wall of the connecting groove 16 is inclined, and the angle between the groove wall of the connecting groove 16 and the bottom of the adjacent first annular groove 15 is 15°.

[0059] With the connection groove 16, when the mounting step 1031 is embedded in the first annular groove 15, there is a gap between its two ends and the groove wall of the first annular groove 15. The internal leakage gas that does not enter the expansion wheel 103 for expansion can enter the gap and flow obliquely to the expansion wheel 103 through the connection groove 16, and further expand and throttle in the first annular groove 15, reducing the internal leakage flow and further improving the expansion efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, the diffuser end 13 abuts against the end of the diffuser 104, the centerline of the inner cavity 11 coincides with the centerline of the diffuser 104, and the maximum diameter of the inner cavity 11 is the same as the minimum diameter of the diffuser 104. In this way, the gas output from the expansion wheel 103 can smoothly enter the diffuser 104 from the inner cavity 11, further improving the expansion efficiency.

[0061] See Figures 4-6As shown, this embodiment also discloses a disassembly tool for disassembling the aforementioned inner expansion sealing cover, used to remove the inner expansion sealing cover from inside the turbine expander.

[0062] The disassembly fixture includes a positioning plate 2 for insertion into and abutting against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11, a pull rod 3 with one end inserted into the positioning plate 2, and two first nuts 4 respectively threaded onto the pull rod 3 and located on both sides of the positioning plate 2. The other end of the pull rod 3 extends away from the diffuser end 13. The pull rod 3 is inserted at the center of the positioning plate 2, and the two first nuts 4 are used to lock the positioning plate 2 onto the pull rod 3 from both sides of the positioning plate 2.

[0063] When disassembling the inner diffuser seal cover, simply pull the lever 3 to pull the inner diffuser seal cover out of the turbine housing 102. There is no need to drill process screw holes on the inner diffuser seal cover. This not only avoids affecting the gas expansion efficiency of the expander, but also greatly reduces the difficulty of disassembling the inner diffuser seal cover and improves the disassembly efficiency of the inner diffuser seal cover.

[0064] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the positioning plate 2 is a narrow rectangle with a small width and a length between the maximum and minimum diameters of the inner cavity 11. Since the length of the positioning plate 2 is less than the maximum diameter of the inner cavity 11, the positioning plate 2 can be inserted into the inner cavity 11 from the connecting end 12 along its length direction. At the same time, since the length of the positioning plate 2 is greater than the minimum diameter of the inner cavity 11, after the positioning plate 2 is flipped and upright, it can abut against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 at a certain position during its movement towards the connecting end 12, which facilitates the movement of the inner expansion sealing cover when the pull rod 3 is pulled.

[0065] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the positioning plate 2 is pressed against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11, the center line of the positioning plate 2 coincides with the center line of the inner cavity 11. This can prevent the positioning plate 2 from shifting relative to the inner cavity 11 when the pull rod 3 is pulled, thus ensuring the pushing effect of the positioning plate 2 on the inner expansion sealing cover.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, the disassembly fixture also includes a fixing plate 5 for fixing to one end face of the expansion part 100. The two ends of the pull rod 3 are a positioning end and a movable end, respectively. The positioning end passes through the center of the positioning plate 2, and the movable end passes through the center of the fixing plate 5. The movable end is threaded with a second nut 6. The second nut 6 is located on the side of the fixing plate 5 away from the positioning plate 2 and is movable along the length direction of the pull rod 3.

[0067] With the fixing plate 5 in place, when disassembling the inner expansion sealing cover, only the second nut 6 needs to be rotated to move the pull rod 3, making the disassembly of the inner expansion sealing cover much easier. Specifically, since the second nut 6 and the pull rod 3 are threadedly connected, when the second nut 6 is rotated, the second nut 6 and the pull rod 3 move relative to each other. However, since the fixing plate 5 is fixed to one end face of the expansion part 100, it restricts the movement of the second nut 6. Therefore, the pull rod 3 can move in the direction close to the fixing plate 5. The rotation direction of the second nut 6 is related to the helical direction of the external thread on the pull rod 3, and is not limited here.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the positioning plate 2 is pressed against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11, the center line of the positioning plate 2 coincides with the center line of the fixing plate 5, which effectively prevents the pull rod 3 from shifting during the movement.

[0069] This embodiment also provides a method for disassembling the internal expansion sealing cover based on the above-described disassembly fixture, which includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Separate the expansion section 100 from the pressurization section 101, and then remove the expansion wheel 103 from the expansion section 100;

[0071] Step 2: Insert the positioning end of the pull rod 3 into the positioning plate 2, and then thread the two first nuts 4 onto the pull rod 3 located on both sides of the positioning plate 2 respectively.

[0072] Step 3, combined Figures 4-5 As shown, the positioning plate 2 is flipped in the forward direction so that the two sides of the positioning plate 2 are close to the pull rod 3. Then, the positioning plate 2 and the pull rod 3 are sent into the inner cavity 11 from the connecting end 12 and moved along the direction from the connecting end 12 to the diffuser end 13. After the positioning plate 2 reaches the diffuser end 13, the positioning plate 2 is flipped in the reverse direction so that its length direction is perpendicular to the axis of the pull rod 3. Then, the two first nuts 4 are locked.

[0073] Step 4, combined Figure 5 As shown, the fixing plate 5 is installed on the end face of the expansion part 100 away from the diffuser end 13, and then the fixing end of the pull rod 3 is inserted into the fixing plate 5, and the second nut 6 is threaded onto the pull rod 3 located on the side of the fixing plate 5 away from the positioning plate 2.

[0074] Step 5: Rotate the second nut 6 so that it moves along the direction close to the positioning plate 2 on the pull rod 3. During the movement, the second nut 6 continuously presses against the fixed plate 5. Under the interaction between the second nut 6 and the fixed plate 5, the pull rod 3 moves away from the positioning plate 2. Under the pulling force of the pull rod 3, the positioning plate 2 moves towards the fixed plate 5. During its movement, the two ends of the positioning plate 2 in the length direction gradually press against the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 and push the inner expansion sealing cover. Under the pushing force of the positioning plate 2, the inner expansion sealing cover is disengaged from the turbine volute 102.

[0075] This embodiment provides both a novel, highly efficient internal expansion sealing cover and a novel tooling for easy disassembly. By employing this novel, highly efficient internal expansion sealing cover and matching it with the novel disassembly tooling and method, the efficiency of the expander is improved, and the assembly and disassembly of the internal expansion sealing cover are facilitated. Furthermore, when disassembling the internal expansion sealing cover using the disassembly tooling, maintenance personnel do not need to remove the perlite from the cold box, saving time, increasing labor productivity, and avoiding safety hazards. Simultaneously, the above embodiment improves the economic efficiency of the equipment, enhances the competitiveness of the complete air separation product, and raises the overall level of expanders in my country.

[0076] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal diffuser sealing cover, installed inside a turbine expander, the turbine expander comprising an expansion section (100) and a pressurization section (101), a turbine volute (102) disposed within the expansion section (100), an expansion wheel (103) disposed within the turbine volute (102), and a diffuser (104) connected to the turbine volute (102), characterized in that: The internal diffuser sealing cover includes a cover body (1) that is internally connected to the turbine housing (102) and coaxially connected to the diffuser (104). The cover body (1) has an inner cavity (11). The two ends of the cover body (1) are a connecting end (12) and a diffuser end (13), respectively. The inner cavity (11) expands radially along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). The connecting end (12) cooperates with the expansion wheel (103). The diffuser end (13) is connected to the diffuser (104). The connecting end (12) is provided with a mounting ring (14). The mounting ring (14) abuts against the inner right end face of the turbine housing (102). The inner wall of the connecting end (12) has multiple first annular grooves (15), the diameter of which gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). The circumferential side of the expansion wheel (103) has multiple mounting steps (1031), the diameter of which gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). When the connecting end (12) is connected to the expansion wheel (103), the multiple mounting steps (1031) are embedded in the multiple first annular grooves (15) one by one. A connecting groove (16) is provided between each pair of adjacent first annular grooves (15). The groove wall of the connecting groove (16) is inclined, and the angle between the groove wall of the connecting groove (16) and the bottom of the adjacent first annular groove (15) is 15°.

2. The internal expansion sealing cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diffuser end (13) abuts against the end of the diffuser (104), the center line of the inner cavity (11) coincides with the center line of the diffuser (104), and the maximum diameter of the inner cavity (11) is the same as the minimum diameter of the diffuser (104).

3. A disassembly fixture for an internally expanding sealing cap according to claim 1, used to remove the internally expanding sealing cap from a turbine expander, the turbine expander comprising an expansion section (100) and a pressurization section (101), characterized in that: The internal diffuser sealing cover includes a cover body (1) connected inside the turbine housing (102). The cover body (1) has an inner cavity (11). The two ends of the cover body (1) are a connecting end (12) and a diffuser end (13), respectively. The inner cavity (11) expands radially along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). The disassembly fixture includes a positioning plate (2) for inserting into the inner cavity (11) and abutting against the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11), a pull rod (3) with one end inserted into the positioning plate (2), and two first nuts (4) respectively threaded onto the pull rod (3) and located on both sides of the positioning plate (2). The other end of the pull rod (3) extends in a direction away from the diffuser end (13).

4. The disassembly fixture for the internal expansion sealing cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum external dimension of the positioning plate (2) is between the maximum and minimum diameter of the inner cavity (11).

5. The disassembly fixture for the internal expansion sealing cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the positioning plate (2) abuts against the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11), the center line of the positioning plate (2) coincides with the center line of the inner cavity (11).

6. The disassembly fixture for the internal expansion sealing cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The disassembly fixture also includes a fixing plate (5) for fixing to one end face of the expansion part (100). The two ends of the pull rod (3) are a positioning end and a movable end, respectively. The positioning end is inserted into the positioning plate (2), and the movable end is inserted into the fixing plate (5). The movable end is threadedly connected to a second nut (6). The second nut (6) is located on the side of the fixing plate (5) away from the positioning plate (2) and is movable along the length direction of the pull rod (3).

7. The disassembly fixture for the internal expansion sealing cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the positioning plate (2) abuts against the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11), the center line of the positioning plate (2) coincides with the center line of the fixing plate (5).

8. A method for disassembling an internally expanding sealing cap according to claim 1, used to remove the internally expanding sealing cap from a turbine expander, the turbine expander comprising an expansion section (100) and a pressurizing section (101), the expansion section (100) comprising a turbine volute (102) and an expansion wheel (103) disposed within the turbine volute (102), characterized in that: The internal diffuser sealing cover includes a cover body (1) connected inside the turbine housing (102). The cover body (1) has an inner cavity (11). The two ends of the cover body (1) are a diffuser end (13) and a connecting end (12), respectively. The inner cavity (11) expands radially along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). The disassembly method is based on a disassembly fixture, which includes a positioning plate (2), a fixing plate (5), a pull rod (3), two first nuts (4) and a second nut (6), and the two ends of the pull rod (3) are the positioning end and the fixing end, respectively. The disassembly method includes the following steps: Step 1: Separate the expansion section (100) from the pressurization section (101), and then remove the expansion wheel (103) from the expansion section (100); Step 2: Insert the positioning end of the pull rod (3) into the positioning plate (2), and then thread the two first nuts (4) onto the pull rod (3) located on both sides of the positioning plate (2); Step 3: Flip the positioning plate (2) in the forward direction so that the two sides of the positioning plate (2) are close to the pull rod (3). Then, send the positioning plate (2) and the pull rod (3) from the connecting end (12) into the inner cavity (11) and move them along the direction from the connecting end (12) to the diffuser end (13). After the positioning plate (2) reaches the diffuser end (13), flip the positioning plate (2) in the reverse direction so that its length direction is perpendicular to the axis of the pull rod (3). Then, lock the two first nuts (4). Step 4: Install the fixing plate (5) on the end face of the expansion part (100) away from the diffuser end (13), then insert the fixing end of the pull rod (3) into the fixing plate (5), and thread the second nut (6) onto the pull rod (3) located on the side of the fixing plate (5) away from the positioning plate (2); Step 5, rotate the second nut (6) so that the second nut (6) moves on the pull rod (3) in the direction close to the positioning plate (2). During the movement, the second nut (6) continuously squeezes the fixed plate (5). Under the interaction between the second nut (6) and the fixed plate (5), the pull rod (3) moves in the direction away from the positioning plate (2). Under the pulling force of the pull rod (3), the positioning plate (2) moves towards the fixed plate (5). During its movement, the two ends of the positioning plate (2) in the length direction gradually press against the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11) and push the inner expansion sealing cover. Under the thrust of the positioning plate (2), the inner expansion sealing cover is disengaged from the turbine volute (102).

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